CN113445381A

CN113445381A - Construction method for cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer

Info

Publication number: CN113445381A
Application number: CN202110776809.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵俊利; 韩文波; 屈云龙; 张永坤; 薛小飞; 白宇光
Original assignee: Baotou Highway Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Baotou Highway Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-09
Filing date: 2021-07-09
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-09
Also published as: CN113445381B

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, which comprises the steps of construction preparation, construction lofting, concentrated mixing of a mixture, mixture transportation, spreading of the mixture by a spreading machine, compaction and forming of the mixture, quality inspection, watering and health maintenance, traffic control, inspection and the like. The invention also discloses a paver, which comprises a paving mechanism, a measuring mechanism, a cutting mechanism and a cleaning mechanism; the measuring mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the paving mechanism, the cutting mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the measuring mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism is arranged at the front end of the paving mechanism. The paver is convenient for transverse seam processing, is beneficial to subsequent connection, can quickly measure paving thickness, cleans road surface impurities and can keep the road surface moist. The desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag used in the invention are solid wastes of steel enterprises, so that the environmental pollution caused by the solid wastes of the enterprises is reduced, the natural environmental damage caused by the collection of highway construction aggregates is reduced, and the process is more ecological and environment-friendly than the traditional process and has the advantages of social and economic benefits.

Description

Construction method for cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of road base construction. In particular to a construction method of a cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer.

Background

In recent years, along with the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development in China, the environmental protection consciousness of people is enhanced, and the government has increasingly stronger supervision on the disordered exploitation of natural gravels. The contradiction between the supply and demand of the natural aggregate used for road construction is increasingly prominent. Aiming at the increasingly prominent problems of resource shortage, environmental damage and the like, key technical research of using bulk industrial solid wastes as road building materials is systematically developed, and the realization of industrialization of related technologies is urgent. As a basic construction method with lower cost and higher quality, a highway engineering construction enterprise needs to actively search from the aspects of environmental protection and solid waste utilization by combining the condition of local highway construction materials. At present, a large amount of solid wastes such as desulfurized gypsum, steel slag and the like generated by steel enterprises are not effectively utilized, so that serious pollution is caused to the environment, and meanwhile, serious resource waste is caused. Most aggregates needed in the road construction process are collected from the natural environment at present, so that the natural environment is further damaged and natural resources are consumed.

In addition, when being under construction to the road surface, centre interruption that can not be random, when the paver leads to the device to stop because of fault or other reasons, often need the manual work to cut off the road surface, this just makes extravagant a large amount of manpowers, and material resources, and what the transversal joint set up does not meet the requirements, be unfavorable for subsequent linking, and what present measurement paving roadbed's thickness often adopted is that the manual work is followed the measurement, measured data is not very accurate, and the manual work is followed the measurement, can lead to survey crew to receive the injury, when paving to the road surface, traditional device is difficult to the clearance to debris on the road surface, influence the effect of paving, and be difficult to make the road surface keep moist, and then influence is paved and is ironed.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a construction method for a cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, so as to improve the utilization value of desulfurized gypsum, steel slag and other solid wastes generated by steel enterprises and reduce the damage to the natural environment caused by the collection of highway construction aggregates.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

a construction method of a cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer comprises construction preparation, construction lofting, concentrated mixing of a mixture, mixture transportation, spreading of the mixture by a spreading machine, compaction forming of the mixture, quality inspection, watering and health maintenance, traffic control and inspection;

the construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer comprises the following steps: the construction preparation comprises the acceptance of raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise cement, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum and water, and the weight ratio of the cement to the steel slag to the desulfurized gypsum is (3-5): (91-93): 4, the adding amount of the water is 5-7 wt% of the total weight of the cement, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum.

In the construction method for the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, the initial setting time of the cement is more than or equal to 4 hours, and the final setting time is more than or equal to 6.5 hours; the temperature of the cement in the tank is less than or equal to 50 ℃; the discharge days of the cement are more than 7 days; the cement is PO32.5 delayed coagulation cement.

In the construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, the steel slag is aged slag which is piled and aged in the open air for 10-14 months; the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 10mm and less than or equal to 30mm account for 45 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm account for 10 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm account for 45 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, and the content of needle-shaped steel slag particles in the steel slag is less than or equal to 18 wt%; the crushing value of the steel slag is less than or equal to 26 percent; the content of free calcium oxide in the steel slag is less than or equal to 1.94 wt%.

The construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer comprises the following steps: SiO 2₂18.88 wt%, CaO 45.36 wt%, MgO 6.95 wt%, and Al₂O₃Is 4.29 wt%, Fe₂O₃Is 5.96 wt%, P₂O₅In an amount of 0.463 wt%; the loss on ignition of the steel slag is 0.63 wt%;

in the steel slag: the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 10mm and less than or equal to 30mm have the water content of 0.53 wt%, the water absorption of 1.16 wt% and the apparent relative density of 3.243g/cm3, the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm have the water content of 0.42 wt%, the water absorption of 1.43 wt% and the apparent relative density of 3.251g/cm3, and the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm have the water content of 0.71 wt%, the water absorption of 1.32 wt% and the apparent relative density of 3.264g/cm 3; the crushing value of the steel slag is 17.6 percent; the content of free calcium oxide in the steel slag is 1.94 wt%;

in the desulfurized gypsum: 27.5 wt% of Ca, 0.357 wt% of Mg, 1.38 wt% of Si, 0.886 wt% of Al, 0.328 wt% of Fe, less than 0.03 wt% of Ti, less than 0.02 wt% of Cr, less than 0.02 wt% of Mn, less than 0.01 wt% of Cu, and less than 0.02 wt% of V.

In the construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, in the step E, the paving thickness of the mixture paved by the paver is 20 cm; step E, transverse sewing treatment is further included; the transverse seam processing method comprises the following steps: when one section of paving construction is finished, the paver lifts the screed plate to drive away from the site 1m in front of the near end, the end mixed material is shoveled by manpower, then the end mixed material is rolled compactly, then the flatness is checked by using a 3m ruler, and the part with insufficient thickness of the end layer is planed, so that the end mixed material is vertically connected in the next construction.

In the construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, in the step E, the paver comprises a paving mechanism, a measuring mechanism, a cutting mechanism and a cleaning mechanism; the measuring mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the paving mechanism, the cutting mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the measuring mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism is arranged at the front end of the paving mechanism; the measuring mechanism is used for automatically measuring the paving thickness of the road surface in the paving process, and the cutting mechanism is used for transverse seam processing in the paving process; the cleaning mechanism is used for further cleaning the bearing layer under the unpaved pavement and keeping the pavement wet.

In the construction method for the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, the paving mechanism comprises a material distribution bin, a contraction rod, a thread feeder, an ironing plate, a heating pipe and a controller; the discharge gate has been seted up to the bottom of branch feed bin, the top of branch feed bin is the feed end, the top of branch feed bin is provided with the shrink pole, powder storehouse and power unit are connected to the shrink pole, the screw feeder sets up the inside at the branch feed bin, the outer surface of screw feeder is winding shape blade, the screw feeder is transversely placed in the inside of branch feed bin, the rear end of branch feed bin is provided with the screed, the screed is concertina type, the inside of screed is provided with heating mechanism, heating mechanism includes heating pipe and controller, the heating pipe sets up the inside at the screed, the inner wall of heating pipe laminating screed, the controller sets up the inside at the screed, the temperature of heating pipe is adjusted to the controller.

According to the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer construction method, the measuring mechanism comprises a first air cylinder, a fixing block, a measuring rod, a dial scale, a signal sensor, a polished rod, a detecting sensor, a sliding rod, a sliding ring, a measuring plate, a pre-flat plate, a vibrating plate, a vibrator, a spring, an adjusting plate, an adjusting bolt and a graduated scale; the first air cylinder is controlled by a timer, a fixed block is fixedly mounted at the top of the first air cylinder, the top of the fixed block is fixedly connected with a screed plate, the output end of the first air cylinder is fixedly connected with a measuring rod, the measuring rod is cylindrical, the bottom of the measuring rod is conical, a dial is arranged at the upper part of the outer surface of the measuring rod, scales are arranged on the dial, signal sensors are arranged on the outer surface of the dial, the number of the signal sensors is multiple, the signal sensors are vertically arranged at one end of the scales, one signal sensor is arranged at each 2cm interval, connecting blocks are fixedly mounted at two sides of the outer surface of the measuring rod, the number of the connecting blocks is four, every two connecting blocks are in one group, and each connecting block is fixedly mounted at the upper end and the lower end of the outer surface of the measuring rod respectively, the middle part of each group of connecting blocks is fixedly provided with a polished rod, the outer surface of the polished rod is connected with the connecting blocks in a sliding manner, the outer surface of each connecting block is fixedly provided with a detection rod, each detection rod is annular and is sleeved on the outer surface of the corresponding measuring rod, the top of each detection rod is fixedly provided with a detection sensor, when the detection sensor is contacted with one of the signal sensors, the detection sensor can detect a signal emitted by the signal sensor, the bottom of each detection rod is fixedly provided with a sliding rod, the outer surface of each sliding rod is fixedly provided with a sliding ring, the sliding ring is connected to the outer surface of the corresponding measuring rod in a sliding manner, the bottom of each sliding rod is fixedly provided with a measuring plate, the bottom of each measuring plate can be directly contacted with the ground, and the lower surface of each measuring plate is as high as the measuring rod; the top of the pre-flat plate is arranged at the front end of the ironing plate, a cavity is formed in the inner bottom wall of the pre-flat plate, a vibrating plate is arranged in the cavity, the distance between the bottom of the vibrating plate and the paved road surface is about 5cm, a vibrator is arranged on the outer surface of the vibrating plate and arranged in the cavity of the inner bottom wall of the pre-flat plate, a spring is fixedly arranged on the left side of the pre-flat plate, the left end of the spring is fixedly connected with the right side of the ironing plate, and the spring is made of a material with high elasticity; the utility model discloses a scale, including regulation pole, the one end sliding connection is at the surface of scale, the top fixed mounting of scale is in the bottom of branch feed bin, the bottom of regulation pole is the arc.

According to the construction method for the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, the cutting mechanism comprises a cutting box, a second air cylinder, a cutting knife, a baffle plate, a first motor, a screw rod, a threaded cylinder, a pressing plate, a pressure reducing spring, an action sensor, a lifting rod, a lifter, a sliding plate, a sliding block, a cleaning roller, a sliding device, a second motor, a transmission belt, a first telescopic rod, a third air cylinder, an extrusion plate and a receiver; the cutting box is arranged at the left end of the first cylinder, the middle part of the top wall in the cutting box is fixedly provided with a second cylinder, a cutting-off cutter is fixedly arranged at the output end of the second cylinder, a baffle is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the cutting-off cutter, the bottom of the cutting-off cutter is provided with an inclined plane, the left side position of the top wall in the cutting-off box is fixedly provided with a first motor, the output end of the first motor is fixedly provided with a lead screw, the outer surface of the lead screw is rotationally connected with a threaded cylinder, the bottom of the threaded cylinder is provided with a pressing plate through a bearing, the outer surface of the pressing plate is provided with a pressure reducing spring, the number of the decompression springs is two, the decompression spring at the left end is used in a retraction state, the pressure reducing spring at the right end is in contact with the cutting box and is used in a working state and is in contact with the bottom of the baffle on the outer surface of the cutting knife; the right end of the inside of the cutting box is fixedly provided with a motion sensor, the motion sensor can be contacted with the top of a lifting rod, the outer surface of the lifting rod is provided with a lifter, the bottom of the lifting rod is fixedly provided with a sliding plate, the side surface of the sliding plate is provided with a first sliding chute, the first sliding chute penetrates through the side surface of the sliding plate, the inside of the first sliding chute is connected with a sliding block in a sliding manner, the inside of the sliding block is connected with a cleaning roller in a rotating manner, the top of the sliding plate is provided with a second sliding chute, the inside of the second sliding chute is connected with a sliding block in a sliding manner, the top of the sliding block is fixedly provided with a second motor, the output end of the second motor is connected with one end of a transmission belt, the other end of the transmission belt is connected with the cleaning roller, the bottom of the right end of the cutting box is fixedly provided with a first telescopic rod, and the bottom of the first telescopic rod is provided with a third cylinder, the output end of the third cylinder is fixedly provided with a squeezing plate, the outer surface of the third cylinder is provided with a receiver, the receiver is connected with an action sensor, when the lifting rod retracts, the action sensor sends a signal, the receiver can receive the signal, and the third cylinder acts.

In the construction method for the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer, the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning box, a water tank, a water spraying plate, a second telescopic rod, a cleaning plate and a conveyor belt; the utility model discloses a cleaning box, including cleaning box, water tank, water spray plate, cleaning box's interior roof fixed mounting water tank, the bottom of water tank is pegged graft and is had the outlet pipe, the fixed inside of pegging graft to water spray plate of one end of outlet pipe, the clearance hole has been seted up to cleaning box's side, the top fixed mounting in clearance hole has the second telescopic link, the one end of second telescopic link is provided with the cleaning plate, the gap has been seted up to cleaning plate's bottom, the right-hand member of cleaning box's inside is provided with the conveyer belt, the conveyer belt is placed for the bevel, the feed end setting of conveyer belt is in one side in the clearance hole.

The construction method of the invention comprises the steps of preparing raw materials and preparing a test section and a lower bearing layer in a construction preparation stage, wherein the test section is paved for the following purposes: and determining the optimal combination mode of on-site personnel allocation, equipment type and machinery, rolling pass, rolling speed, paving thickness and optimal moisture content of the material through a test section, and accurately controlling the paving coefficient. The lower bearing layer preparation work is as follows: after the lower bearing layer is subjected to self-inspection and is accepted by a supervision engineer, namely before the pavement base layer is constructed, sundries on the surface of the lower bearing layer are cleaned, water is sprayed in advance, the lower bearing layer is kept wet all the time, and no whitish ground is left.

In the selection of cement, retarded ordinary portland cement should be adopted, early strength cement should not be adopted, and cement deteriorated by external influence should not be adopted. The strength, stability, fineness and the like of the cement at each age are in accordance with relevant regulations in general silicate cement (GB 175-2007). If the bulk cement is adopted, the days for discharging the cement are known when the cement enters a field and is put into a tank. The cement just discharged from the furnace is parked for seven days, the cement can be used after the stability is qualified, the temperature of the bulk cement in a tank can not be higher than 50 ℃ during high-temperature operation in summer, and otherwise, a cooling measure is adopted.

The cooled steel slag (new slag) is unstable slag and can not be directly used. The steel slag belongs to technical rock, and has poor stability compared with natural rock. The stability depends on the content of free radical calcium oxide, i.e. free calcium oxide (f-CaO). Free calcium oxide (f-CaO) is digested with water into calcium hydroxide, and volume expansion and pulverization are generated. The finer the steel slag is crushed, the earlier the stability is obtained. The detection shows that the expansion and pulverization phenomenon of the steel slag can be completed (called aged slag or aged slag) only when the steel slag is stacked and aged in the open air for about one year, the grain composition of the steel slag meets the requirement, the raw material for the base layer needs to be subjected to a standard test, and the specific index meets the requirement of the highway base layer construction technical rules (JTGTF 20-2015).

The desulfurized gypsum is covered and isolated from the ground by at least 20cm in the storage process, so that the desulfurized gypsum is prevented from being drenched. Sieving before use to reduce agglomeration and make it mix with aggregate fully.

In the selection of construction water, it is noted that all drinking water can be used, and if a suspicious water source is encountered, the relevant department should be entrusted with laboratory tests and appraisals.

The construction process principle of the invention is as follows:

the strength of the cement-stabilized steel slag comprises two parts, namely, the strength (physical strength) of a framework formed by mutually embedding and extruding aggregates; the second is the bond strength (chemical strength) between the binders and between the binder and the aggregate. The process of forming and developing the strength mainly comprises the following aspects:

(1) hydration, setting and hardening of cement

The hydration products of the cement are mutually interlaced and overlapped in the pores of the steel slag to wrap and connect steel slag particles, and the mixture is gradually firmed along with the increase of the hydration products.

(2) Reaction between cement hydration products and steel slag

The main active components of the steel slag are silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, which are dissolved and corroded in alkaline environment and react with calcium ions in liquid-solid boundary or liquid phase to generate hydraulic hydration products with gelling property, such as calcium silicate hydrate, calcium aluminate hydrate and the like. The reaction is carried out in the pores of the cement slurry, so that the porosity of the internal structure of the mixture can be obviously reduced, and the compactness of the mixture is improved.

(3) Reaction between steel slag and desulfurized gypsum

In order to further enhance the strength of the cement-stabilized steel slag, the alkaline desulfurized gypsum is used as an excitant, so that the liquid phase alkalinity of the alkaline desulfurized gypsum is improved, the hydration reaction of dicalcium silicate and tricalcium silicate is accelerated, and the activity of the steel slag is excited.

(4) Mechanical compaction

The internal friction between steel slag particles is increased because the steel slag surface is full of pores, and the traditional compaction method is not easy to compact. The desulfurized gypsum is added and filled in the surface gap of the steel slag, so that the internal friction is reduced, and the steel slag is easier to compact.

The invention applies the industrial wastes produced in Baotou regions, namely the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag, to the base construction, and has the advantages of low cost and high quality compared with the water-stable macadam base in the traditional construction after a large number of tests, verification of test road sections and comparative analysis of economic effects, thereby having important technical and economic significance for reducing the road engineering cost, reducing the environmental pollution, relieving the vegetation damage caused by over-exploitation of high-quality aggregates and promoting the smooth implementation of sustainable development strategy in China. In addition, the application of the construction method of the cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer reduces the links of aggregate mining, reclamation and the like, and greatly reduces the engineering cost; the steel slag is used as a road building material, so that the engineering construction is more ecological and environment-friendly, the environmental management cost of steel enterprises and governments is saved, and the waste is changed into valuable.

Specifically, the technical scheme of the invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) the desulfurization gypsum and the steel slag used in the invention are solid wastes of steel enterprises, and the utilization of the solid wastes in large quantity not only improves the recycling utilization efficiency of the steel slag solid wastes, relieves the natural environment damage caused by over-exploitation of high-quality aggregates and highway construction aggregate collection, solves the contradiction between supply and demand of the aggregates, but also reduces the environmental pollution caused by the solid wastes of the enterprises, and solves the problems of large land occupation, environmental pollution and the like caused by stacking of the desulfurization gypsum and the steel slag solid wastes. Compared with the traditional process, the method is a green and environment-friendly technology, saves the environmental management cost of iron and steel enterprises and governments, realizes changing waste into valuable, enables engineering construction to be more ecological and environment-friendly, and has social benefit advantages.

(2) The desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag used in the invention are solid wastes of steel enterprises, compared with the broken stone material used for the common base layer, the broken stone material has the advantages of reducing links such as aggregate mining and reclamation, reducing the cost of raw materials, greatly reducing the engineering cost, saving the treatment cost of industrial waste slag, and having huge economic advantages of reducing the construction cost and saving the treatment cost of the industrial waste slag for chemical enterprises.

(3) The steel slag base course aggregate is made of the steel slag, the desulfurized gypsum is used as the additive, the strength is high, the compaction is easy, the performance of the cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag base course is stable, special maintenance is basically not needed in a short period, the maintenance cost can be effectively reduced, and the steel slag composite stable steel slag base course aggregate is suitable for pavement base course construction of highway engineering and municipal engineering and has the using advantage of road performance.

(4) The invention provides novel paving equipment, which is characterized in that a measuring rod, a pre-leveling plate and an adjusting plate are arranged on the paving equipment, so that the thickness of a road surface can be automatically measured when the equipment works, the accuracy of measured data is ensured, manual following is not needed, and time and labor are saved. When paving the road surface and ironing, first cylinder action, time through setting for the timer, first cylinder starts at an interval, make the measuring staff insert in the road surface that has just paved, measure board and ground and contact, move the measuring staff and upwards slide, detect the sensor this moment and will slide at the surface of measuring board, make the signal sensor who detects on sensor and the different scales contact, make the thickness of measuring out can transmit on well accuse screen, in time adjust thickness, no longer need the manual work to follow and measure, guarantee the normal operating of construction. Simultaneously the dull and stereotyped material that will divide the feed bin to pour out carries out preliminary paving in advance, and dull and stereotyped inside vibrator vibrates in advance for the vibration board carries out preliminary paving to the material, reduces the work degree of difficulty of screed, makes the screed can be more quick flattens. According to the thickness of paving, use the position of bolt regulation regulating plate for the bottom of regulating plate can contact with the ground when not paving, and the distance between regulating plate bottom and the screed bottom is the thickness of paving promptly, through the setting of regulating plate, can in time discover the problem of the thickness of paving, and then in time adjust.

(5) The paving equipment provided by the invention is also provided with the cutting-off cutter, so that the paver can be conveniently opened and stopped, manual operation is not required, and the operation is convenient and quick. When the machine is stopped or equipment has problems, transverse seam processing is carried out at a position about one meter in front of the close end, firstly, a first motor is started, a pressing plate presses a paved road surface, the road surface is prevented from being damaged during cutting, and the road surface is prevented from cracking and cracking after cutting, at the moment, a cutting knife cuts off the road surface from the side surface of the pressing plate, a baffle plate is in contact with a pressure reducing spring, and the cutting knife is prevented from being damaged due to overload cutting; simultaneously the lifter descends, and the clearance roller clears up the piece after the cutting, and the lifter rises after the clearance finishes, and action sensor signals, the receiver is received to start the third cylinder, make to press down the cutting knife according to the clamp plate, make the transverse joint more neat, the transverse joint cuts off more evenly, more does benefit to and links up next time.

(6) The paving equipment provided by the invention is also provided with the cleaning plate and the water spraying plate, so that the road surface which is not paved can be cleaned, water can be sprayed for wetting, and the normal paving is ensured. When paving the road surface, in order to guarantee the moist and clean and tidy of the inside, under the effect through the clearance board, the bottom of clearance board is with the inside of debris clearance to the clearance case on the road surface, then send out the clearance case by the conveyer belt, simultaneously in order to guarantee that the road surface is moist, make and pave going on that can be better, spout the inside water of water tank through using the water spray board, spray the road surface, guarantee the moist on road surface, make the effect of paving and ironing better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a construction method of a cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the quality assurance system (QC) of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the screw feeder of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the measuring mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 3A of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a pre-plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjusting lever of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the inside of the cutting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the construction of the cleaning roll of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the cleaning tank of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures denote: 100-a paving mechanism; 200-a measuring mechanism; 300-a cutting mechanism; 400-a cleaning mechanism; 101-a material distribution bin; 102-a retraction rod; 103-screw feeder; 104-a screed plate; 105-a heating tube; 106-a controller; 201-a first cylinder; 202-fixed block; 203-measuring rod; 204-dial; 205-a signal sensor; 206-a polish rod; 207-detection rod; 208-a detection sensor; 209-sliding rod; 210-a slip ring; 211-measurement plate; 212-pre-plate; 213-a vibrating plate; 214-a vibrator; 215-a spring; 216-a regulating plate; 217-adjusting bolt; 218-a scale; 301-a cutting box; 302-a second cylinder; 303-cutting off a cutter; 304-a baffle; 305-a first motor; 306-a lead screw; 307-threaded cylinder; 308-pressing plate; 309-a pressure reducing spring; 310-motion sensors; 311-lifting rod; 312-a lifter; 313-a slide plate; 314-a slider; 315-cleaning roller; 316-a slider; 317-a second motor; 318-a drive belt; 319-first telescopic rod; 320-a third cylinder; 321-a pressing plate; 322-a receiver; 401-cleaning box; 402-a water tank; 403-water spraying plate; 404-a second telescoping rod; 405-cleaning the plate; 406-conveyor belt.

Detailed Description

A first part: engineering test of cement gypsum composite stable base construction method

Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a construction method of a cement desulfurized gypsum composite stabilized steel slag base layer according to the invention, and the technical scheme of the invention is further explained by referring to the following examples according to the process flow of fig. 1. The engineering test road section is located closer to Baotou iron and steel (group) limited liability company, and the waste materials of the steel slag, the desulfurized gypsum and the like of the engineering test road section are used as the base material of the pavement nearby.

1.1 Cement, Steel slag and desulfurized Gypsum used in the engineering test of the invention

(1) The cement is PO32.5 delayed coagulation cement, the initial setting time is 4 hours, and the final setting time is 6.5 hours; the canning temperature of the cement is 25 ℃; the discharge days of the cement are 21 days;

(2) the steel slag is aged 12 months old slag piled in open air, and the chemical components of the steel slag mainly comprise calcium oxide (CaO) and silicon dioxide (SiO)₂) Alumina (Al)₂O₃) Magnesium oxide (MgO), iron oxide (FeO, Fe)₂O₃) Manganese oxide (MnO), phosphorus pentoxide (P)₂O₅) And free calcium oxide (f-CaO). The chemical composition analysis of the steel slag is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Steel slag chemical composition test results

Chemical composition

S_iO₂

CaO

MgO

Al₂O₃

Fe₂O₃

MnO

P₂O₅

Loss

Content (wt%)

18.88

45.36

6.95

4.29

5.96

/

0.463

0.63

Note: (Loss of mass also referred to as Loss on ignition)

The steel slag coarse aggregate is classified and blended according to the specification, wherein steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 10mm and less than or equal to 30mm account for 45 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm account for 10 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm account for 45 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, and the content of needle-shaped steel slag particles in the steel slag is 15 wt%; the steel slag technical indexes are shown in table 2.

The steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 10mm and less than or equal to 30mm have the water content of 0.53wt percent, the water absorption of 1.16wt percent and the apparent relative density of 3.243g/cm³The steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm have the water content of 0.42wt percent, the water absorption of 1.43wt percent and the apparent relative density of 3.251g/cm³The water content of the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm is 0.71wt percent, the water absorption is 1.32wt percent, and the apparent relative density is 3.264g/cm³(ii) a The crushing value of the steel slag is 17.6 percent; the content of free calcium oxide in the steel slag is 1.94 wt%;

TABLE 2 Steel slag technical indexes

(3) In the desulfurized gypsum: 27.5 wt% Ca, 0.357 wt% Mg, 1.38 wt% Si, 0.886 wt% Al, 0.328 wt% Fe, less than 0.03 wt% Ti, less than 0.02 wt% Cr, less than 0.02 wt% Mn, less than 0.01 wt% Cu, and less than 0.02 wt% V, see in particular Table 3.

TABLE 3 desulfurized Gypsum Fibrosum chemistry

The maximum dry density and the optimum water content of the cement gypsum stable graded steel slag mixture after a heavy compaction test are shown in the table 4.

TABLE 4 heavy duty compaction test results

The cement gypsum stable grading steel slag mixture with the formulated mixing ratio is subjected to an unconfined compressive strength test under the optimal water content, and the results are shown in table 5.

TABLE 57 d unconfined compressive strength results

Through the analysis of the above tests,under the condition that the cement dosage is basically unchanged (3 wt% -5 wt%), the maximum dry density, the optimal water content and the 7d water-saturated compressive strength of the cement gypsum stable-grade steel slag mixture are all larger than those of the cement stable-grade steel slag mixture (when the cement dosage is 3 wt%, the maximum dry density is 2.327g/cm of the cement stable-grade steel slag mixture: the cement dosage is 3 wt%)³The optimal water content is 4.8 wt%, and the 7d water-saturated compressive strength is 5.1 MPa; the maximum dry density is 2.269g/cm when the cement dosage is 5 wt%³The optimal water content is 4.3 wt%, and the 7d water-saturated compressive strength is 5.7 MPa).

The types and the number of mechanical devices used in the embodiment of the present invention are shown in table 6.

TABLE 6 mechanical equipment for construction

Serial number	Mechanical equipment name	Specification and model	Unit of	Number of
					1	Single steel wheel vibration road roller	Creep YZ-20	Table (Ref. Table)	3
2	Tyre road roller	YL26	Table (Ref. Table)	1
					3	Watering cart	8m³	Table (Ref. Table)	2
4	Transport vehicle	North flushing	Table (Ref. Table)	15
					5	Stable water mixing station	WCB600	Table (Ref. Table)	1
6	Water-stable spreading machine	Triple work	Table (Ref. Table)	2

1.2 engineering test 1: water damage recovery reconstruction project for old road of certain section of provincial road

The construction standard of a certain road is a second-level road, most of the original old road is a cement concrete pavement, and the local road is an asphalt concrete pavement. The road section of the asphalt concrete pavement is about 2km long, and after the pavement diseases are locally treated, 5cm medium grain type modified asphalt concrete overlay is paved on the old pavement. And after the cement concrete pavement is subjected to disease treatment, the old pavement is removed from the section with serious disease, and a 20cm cement stable grade broken stone base layer and a 26cm cement concrete panel are paved again. Steel enterprises are nearby the project, a large amount of steel slag is stocked, and the steel slag is used as a pavement base material nearby, so that the project cost is reduced. In order to develop a steel slag utilization way, a cement gypsum composite stable graded steel slag base layer construction method is adopted for construction in a certain road section base layer test, and the construction steps are as follows:

step A: construction preparation, including the detection and control of raw materials, test section paving and lower bearing layer preparation work, the raw materials are 1.1 part of cement, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum and water, and the weight ratio of cement, steel slag and desulfurized gypsum is 5: 4: 91; paving a test section, and obtaining the cement gypsum stable graded steel slag mixture with the maximum dry density of 2.711g/cm through a heavy compaction test³The optimum water content is 6.4 wt%. The surface of the lower bearing layer of the road section is cleaned before construction, and the road surface is kept moist by sprinkling water without leaving a whitish ground.

And B: and (3) construction lofting, recovering the center line before construction, releasing a base layer paving line and a guide line on the gravel cushion layer, and controlling the elevation, the flatness and the cross slope of the base layer through a reference steel wire.

And C: the method is characterized in that the mixture is intensively mixed, in the process of mixing the mixture, raw materials are subjected to various index tests strictly according to standard requirements, construction proportion and water content are strictly controlled by testers, and the addition amount of water is determined according to the specific conditions of various indexes of the raw materials selected in the engineering test. In order to compensate for the water evaporation of the mix during storage, transportation and spreading, the amount of water added during mixing was 1 wt% greater than the optimum water content (the optimum water content of the cement, steel slag and desulfurized gypsum mix used in the engineering test was 6.4 wt%), so that in the engineering test the amount of water added was 7.4 wt% of the total weight of cement, steel slag and desulfurized gypsum.

Step D: and (3) transporting the mixture, wherein the mixture is transported by a dump truck in the process of transporting the mixture, and a transport vehicle keeps good vehicle condition and is uniformly loaded so as to ensure that the mixture can arrive at the site in time. During transportation, the quantity of the materials of each vehicle is equal, and the vehicle roof is covered with tarpaulin to prevent water evaporation.

Step E: the paver paves the mixture, before basic unit paves, checks whether sand bed course surface is level and smooth, arranges earlier to clean if there is debris, and keeps the moist on gravel bed course surface. When the paver paves the mixture, the middle can not be interrupted at will, the paver interrupts paving for reasons and exceeds 2 hours or sets up the transverse seam when the working section of the day finishes, because the thickness of paving is 20cm, so the transverse seam needs to be set to vertical section, does benefit to the linking of basic unit.

Step F: compacting and forming the mixture, preparing a special 3-meter ruler in the paving and rolling process, and then immediately checking whether the preliminarily compacted surface meets the flatness requirement or not, and timely processing the found problems; the road roller is strictly prohibited from turning around and braking suddenly on a finished or rolling road section so as to ensure that the surface of a base layer is not damaged.

Step G: quality inspection, testing personnel are at spot test mixture water content, compactness, roughness, if the discovery problem, will feedback information, in time correct, and survey crew tracks the detection elevation at the compaction in-process to guarantee the thickness of paving.

Step H: watering and maintaining health, traffic control, immediately watering after pavement compaction is finished, arranging a specially-assigned person to take care of the pavement in the health-maintaining period, and strictly forbidding the entrance of social vehicles. In addition to allowing watering carts to pass, closed traffic prohibits the passage of other vehicles.

Step I: and (6) handing over and checking.

In the engineering test, a novel paving device is used, which is improved on the basis of the water-stable paver listed in table 6 and is provided with a paving mechanism 100, a measuring mechanism 200, a cutting mechanism 300 and a cleaning mechanism 400; the measuring mechanism 200 is disposed at the rear end of the paving mechanism 100, the cutting mechanism 300 is disposed at the rear end of the measuring mechanism 200, and the cleaning mechanism 400 is disposed at the front end of the paving mechanism 100. As shown in fig. 3-4, the paving mechanism 100 includes a dispensing bin 101, a constricting rod 102, a screw feeder 103, a screed 104, a heating tube 105, and a controller 106; the bottom of the material distribution bin 101 is provided with a discharge port, the top of the material distribution bin 101 is a feeding end, the top of the material distribution bin 101 is provided with a contraction rod 102, the contraction rod 102 is connected with the powder bin 101 and a power mechanism, a thread feeder 103 is arranged inside the material distribution bin 101, the outer surface of the thread feeder 103 is a winding blade, the thread feeder 103 is transversely placed inside the material distribution bin 101, the rear end of the material distribution bin 101 is provided with a screed plate 104, the screed plate 104 is telescopic, a heating mechanism is arranged inside the screed plate 104 and comprises a heating pipe 105 and a controller 106, the heating pipe 105 is arranged inside the screed plate 104, the heating pipe 105 is attached to the inner wall of the screed plate 104, the controller 106 is arranged inside the screed plate 104, and the controller 106 adjusts the temperature of the heating pipe 105.

As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the measuring mechanism 200 includes a first cylinder 201, a fixed block 202, a measuring rod 203, a dial 204, a signal sensor 205, a polished rod 206, a detecting rod 207, a detecting sensor 208, a sliding rod 209, a sliding ring 210, a measuring plate 211, a pre-flat plate 212, a vibrating plate 213, a vibrator 214, a spring 215, an adjusting plate 216, an adjusting bolt 217, and a scale 218; the first air cylinder 201 is controlled by a timer, a fixed block 202 is fixedly installed at the top of the first air cylinder 201, the top of the fixed block 202 is fixedly connected with the ironing plate 104, the output end of the first air cylinder 201 is fixedly connected with the measuring rod 203, the measuring rod 203 is cylindrical, the bottom of the measuring rod 203 is conical, a dial 204 is arranged at the upper part of the outer surface of the measuring rod 203, a scale is arranged on the dial 204, signal sensors 205 are arranged on the outer surface of the dial 204, the number of the signal sensors 205 is multiple, the signal sensors 205 are vertically arranged at one end of the scale, the signal sensors 205 are arranged at intervals of 2cm, connecting blocks are fixedly installed at two sides of the outer surface of the measuring rod 203, the number of the connecting blocks is four, every two of the four connecting blocks are in one group, each group of the connecting blocks are respectively and fixedly installed at the upper end and the lower end of the outer surface of the measuring rod 203, a polished rod 206 is fixedly installed in the middle of each group of connecting blocks, the outer surface of the polished rod 206 is connected with the connecting blocks in a sliding manner, a detection rod 207 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of each connecting block, the detection rod 207 is annular and is sleeved on the outer surface of the measuring rod 203, a detection sensor 208 is fixedly installed at the top of the detection rod 207, when the detection sensor 208 is in contact with one signal sensor 205, a signal emitted by the signal sensor 205 can be detected, a sliding rod 209 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the detection rod 203, a sliding ring 210 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sliding rod 209, the sliding ring 210 is connected to the outer surface of the measuring rod 203 in a sliding manner, a measuring plate 211 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding rod 209, the bottom of the measuring plate 211 can be in direct contact with the ground, and the lower surface of the measuring plate 211 is as high as the measuring rod 203; the top of the pre-flat plate 212 is arranged at the front end of the ironing plate 104, a cavity is formed in the inner bottom wall of the pre-flat plate 212, a distance difference between the bottom of a vibrating plate 213 and a paved road surface is about 5cm in the cavity, a vibrator 214 is arranged on the outer surface of the vibrating plate 213, a vibrator 214 is arranged in the cavity of the inner bottom wall of the pre-flat plate 212, a spring 215 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the pre-flat plate 212, and the left end of the spring 215 is fixedly connected with the right side of the ironing plate 104; the inside in regulation pole 216 has been seted up the joint groove, the inside in joint groove is provided with adjusting bolt 217, adjusting bolt 217 runs through to the inside joint groove of regulation pole 216, adjust pole 216 and pass through adjusting bolt 217 and be connected with the side of dividing feed bin 101, the fixed surface of adjusting pole 216 installs the pointer, the one end sliding connection of pointer is at the surface of scale 218, the top fixed mounting of scale 218 is in the bottom of dividing feed bin 101, the bottom of adjusting pole 216 is the arc.

As shown in fig. 9 to 10, the cutting mechanism 300 includes a cutting box 301, a second air cylinder 302, a cutting knife 303, a baffle 304, a first motor 305, a lead screw 306, a threaded cylinder 307, a pressing plate 308, a decompression spring 309, an action sensor 310, a lifting rod 311, a lifter 312, a sliding plate 313, a slider 314, a cleaning roller 315, a slider 316, a second motor 317, a transmission belt 318, a first telescopic rod 319, a third air cylinder 320, a squeezing plate 321, and a receiver 322; the cutting box 301 is arranged at the left end of the first air cylinder 201, the middle position of the top wall in the cutting box 301 is fixedly provided with a second air cylinder 302, the output end of the second air cylinder 302 is fixedly provided with a cutting knife 303, the outer surface of the cutting knife 303 is fixedly provided with a baffle 304, the bottom of the cutting knife 303 is provided with an inclined plane, the left side position of the top wall in the cutting box 301 is fixedly provided with a first motor 305, the output end of the first motor 305 is fixedly provided with a lead screw 306, the outer surface of the lead screw 306 is rotatably connected with a threaded cylinder 307, the bottom of the threaded cylinder 307 is provided with a pressing plate 308 through a bearing, the outer surface of the pressing plate 308 is provided with two pressure reducing springs 309, the number of the pressure reducing springs 309 at the left end is two, and the pressure reducing spring 309 at the left end is used in a retraction state, the right end decompression spring 309 is used in a working state and is contacted with the bottom of the baffle 304 on the outer surface of the cutting knife 303; the right end of the inside of the cutting box 301 is fixedly provided with a motion sensor 310, the motion sensor 310 can be contacted with the top of a lifting rod 311, the outer surface of the lifting rod 311 is provided with a lifter 312, the bottom of the lifting rod 311 is fixedly provided with a sliding plate 313, the side surface of the sliding plate 313 is provided with a first sliding chute, the first sliding chute 313 penetrates to the side surface of the sliding plate 313, the inside of the first sliding chute is connected with a sliding block 314 in a sliding manner, the inside of the sliding block 314 is connected with a cleaning roller 315 in a rotating manner, the top of the sliding plate 313 is provided with a second sliding chute, the inside of the second sliding chute is connected with a sliding block 316 in a sliding manner, the top of the sliding block 317 is fixedly provided with a second motor 317, the output end of the second motor 317 is connected with one end of a transmission belt 318, the other end of the transmission belt 318 is connected with the cleaning roller 315, the bottom of the right end of the cutting box 301 is fixedly provided with a first telescopic belt 319, the bottom of the first telescopic rod 319 is provided with a third air cylinder 320, the output end of the third cylinder 320 is fixedly provided with a squeezing plate 321, the outer surface of the third cylinder 320 is provided with a receiver 322, the receiver 322 is connected with the action sensor 310, when the lifting rod 311 retracts, the action sensor 310 sends out a signal, the receiver 322 can receive the signal, and the third cylinder 320 acts.

As shown in fig. 11-12, the cleaning mechanism 400 comprises a cleaning tank 401, a water tank 402, a water spray plate 403, a second telescopic rod 404, a cleaning plate 405, and a conveyor belt 406; the fixed mounting of cleaning box 401 is at the front end of branch feed bin 101, the interior roof fixed mounting water tank 402 of cleaning box 401, it has the outlet pipe to peg graft in the bottom of water tank 402, the fixed inside of pegging graft to water spray plate 403 of one end of outlet pipe, the clearance hole has been seted up to cleaning box 401's side, the top fixed mounting in clearance hole has second telescopic link 404, the one end of second telescopic link 404 is provided with clearance board 405, the gap has been seted up to clearance board 405's bottom, the right-hand member of cleaning box 401's inside is provided with conveyer belt 406, conveyer belt 406 is placed for the inclined plane, the feed end setting of conveyer belt 406 is in one side in the clearance hole.

The working principle of the paving equipment is as follows: when paving and ironing the road surface, the first cylinder 201 acts, the first cylinder 201 is started at intervals by setting the time of the timer, so that the measuring rod 203 is inserted into the paved road surface, the measuring plate 211 is contacted with the ground, the connecting block slides on the polished rod 206, and further the detecting rod 207 is driven to slide upwards, at the moment, the detecting sensor 208 slides on the outer surface of the measuring plate 211, so that the detecting sensor 208 is contacted with the signal sensors 205 on different scales, the measured thickness can be transmitted to the central control screen, the thickness is adjusted in time, manual following for measurement is not needed any more, the normal operation of construction is ensured, meanwhile, the pre-flat plate 212 initially paves the material poured out of the material distribution bin 101, the vibrator 214 inside the pre-flat plate 212 vibrates, and the vibrating plate 213 preliminarily paves the material, the working difficulty of the screed plate 104 is reduced, so that the screed plate 104 can perform ironing more quickly, according to the paving thickness, the position of the adjusting plate 211 is adjusted by using the bolt 215, so that the bottom of the adjusting plate 216 can be in contact with a foundation which is not paved, namely, the distance between the bottom of the adjusting plate 216 and the bottom of the screed plate 104 is the paving thickness, the problem of the paving thickness can be found in time through the arrangement of the adjusting plate 216, and then adjustment is performed in time, when shutdown or equipment has problems, the cutting mechanism 300 performs transverse seam processing, firstly, the first motor 305 is started, the screw rod 206 drives the threaded cylinder 307 to perform downward displacement, the pressing plate 308 presses the paved road surface which is just paved, the damage to the road surface when cutting is prevented, at the moment, the second cylinder 302 is started, the cutting knife 303 cuts off from the side surface of the pressing plate 308, baffle 304 and decompression spring 309 contact, prevent that cutting-off cutter 303 transships and cuts off and cause the damage of cutting-off cutter 303, lifter 311 descends simultaneously, slider 314 slides in slide 313's inside, make second motor 317 drive cleaning roller 315 clear up the piece after the cutting off, the back lifter 311 that the clearance finishes rises, action sensor 310 sends out the signal, receiver 322 receives, and start third cylinder 320, make pressing plate 321 press cutting-off cutter 303, make the transverse joint cut off more even, more do benefit to and link up next time. When paving the road surface, in order to guarantee the moist and clean and tidy of the inside, make second telescopic link 404 drive clearance board 405 carry out the displacement through using clearance board 405, clearance board 405 bottom is with the inside of debris clearance to clearance case 405, then send out the clearance case by conveyer belt 406, wet in order to guarantee the road surface simultaneously, make the going on that paves can be better, through using the blowout of water spray plate 403 with the water tank 402 is inside, spray the road surface, guarantee the moist on road surface.

After the engineering construction is finished, two road sections are randomly extracted, the compaction degree is checked by a sand filling method, and the detection result is as follows: the compactness of the two road sections is 97.5 percent and 98.5 percent respectively; randomly drawing one place to carry out an unconfined compressive strength test, wherein the detection result is as follows: 7d unconfined compressive strength of 6.2MPa and 7d unconfined compressive strength of 7.7 MPa. The cement consumption of the engineering test of the road section is 5 wt%, and the deflection representative value of the road section is measured to be 53 x 0.01 mm. According to the detection indexes, the data are obviously superior to cement stabilized graded broken stones, and the construction cost is reduced.

1.3 engineering test 2: construction project for reconstructing first-level highway of certain section of provincial road

The total length of a main line of a highway in a certain section of the province is 94.265 kilometers, wherein the newly-built section is 46.56 kilometers, and the total length is 48.85 kilometers by utilizing road reconstruction. The cement stabilized graded steel slag is adopted for construction on a subbase layer and a basic layer of a certain reconstructed road section, the used raw materials are 1.1 parts of cement, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum and water, and the weight ratio of the cement, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum is 3: 93: 4; paving the mixture through a test section, and obtaining the cement gypsum stable graded steel slag mixture with the maximum dry density of 2.702g/cm through a heavy compaction test³And C, optimally, the water content is 5.7 wt%, and in the step C, the adding amount of water in the concentrated mixing mixture is 6.5 wt% of the total weight of the cement, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum.

Constructing according to the construction steps of the water damage recovery reconstruction engineering of the old road of the certain section of the 1.2-province road, wherein in the step E, the used paver is the water-stable paver listed in the table 6, and when the paving construction of one section is finished, the method for performing the transverse seam treatment on the paved road surface comprises the following steps: the paver slightly lifts the screed plate about 1m in front of the near end to drive away from the site, manually shovels the mixed material at the end part evenly, rolls and compacts the material, then uses a 3m ruler to check the flatness, and removes the part with insufficient thickness of the end part layer, so that the parts are vertically connected in the next construction. In the paving process, a specially-prepared person is required to monitor the paving thickness of the pavement at any time so as to adjust the paving thickness in time.

Randomly drawing two road sections, and inspecting the compactness by a sand filling method, wherein the detection result is as follows: the compaction degrees of the two road sections are respectively 96.9 percent and 97.3 percent; randomly drawing one place to carry out an unconfined compressive strength test, wherein the detection result is as follows: 7d unconfined compressive strength of 6.0MPa and 7d unconfined compressive strength of 7.3 MPa. The cement consumption of the engineering test of the road section is 3 wt%, and the deflection representative value of the road section is measured to be 56 x 0.01 mm. The subbase layer and the base layer of the road section adopt cement stable graded steel slag, the service condition is good, and no diseases are generated.

A second part: quality control of cement gypsum composite stable base layer construction method

2.1 specifications and standards to follow

Road engineering cement and cement concrete test protocol (JTGE30-2005)

Road engineering aggregate test protocol (JTGE42-2005)

Highway pavement base construction technical specification (JTJF10-2006)

Detailed rules of construction technology for road base (JTJ/TF20-2015)

Test protocol for inorganic Binder Stable materials for road engineering (JTGE51-2009)

Highway engineering quality inspection and assessment technology standard (JTGF80/1-2017)

Highway engineering construction safety technical Specification (JTJF90-2015)

Method for chemical analysis of limestone and dolomite GB/T3286-2012

Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry for determining the aluminum, calcium, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, silicon and titanium content of iron ores (GB/T6730.63-2006)

Steel slag for road (GB/T25824-2010)

Steel slag mixture road surface basic layer construction technical specification (YB/T4181-2009)

Steel slag stability test method (GB/T24175-2009)

2.2 quality assurance

2.2.1 quality assurance System (QC) (see in particular FIG. 2)

2.2.2. Establishing a robust quality management leader team

The method is characterized in that a technical attack group is formed by selecting technicians with construction experience for many years, advanced technical means and methods are utilized, and a detailed construction scheme is elaborately formulated by combining actual conditions on site, so that approval of an owner and a supervision engineer is reported, and engineering rework and quality accidents caused by improper construction schemes are avoided. Establishing quality responsibility systems of all levels, establishing quality responsibility systems of a project manager, a general engineer, each department, a team work layer and the like according to the principle of the enterprise law human engineering quality responsibility lifelong system, establishing each engineering quality responsibility card, and establishing an operation mechanism unified with each level of responsibility right.

2.2.3 quality control measure for cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer

(1) Quality inspection of raw materials: the method mainly controls various indexes of activity and expansibility of the steel slag which meets the requirement of particle size after aging, and prevents the structural layer from being damaged due to the quality problem of the steel slag at the later stage. The newly crushed steel slag can be used after being aged and inspected to be qualified.

(2) Controlling the mixing ratio: the mixing proportion is adjusted at any time according to the measurement result of the effective content in the raw materials.

(3) And (3) quality control in the construction process: and detecting the compactness, the flatness, the longitudinal elevation, the width, the thickness and the transverse slope of the road pavement base course according to the technical rules of construction of the road pavement base course (JTJ/TF 20-2015).

(4) In order to ensure the construction quality, the following points should be noted:

firstly, the construction adopts a line production method, and all the procedures need to be closely connected.

Secondly, in the rolling process, the surface of the cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer is kept moist, and water is timely supplemented if the temperature is high.

Thirdly, strictly dividing paving, rolling and forming areas by using the signboards.

And fourthly, strictly forbidding various mechanical equipment and vehicles to enter the road section which is rolled and formed.

And fifthly, construction in rainy days is avoided as much as possible, construction should be suspended when the base layer is seeped or moist, and paved road sections are rolled and compacted as soon as possible and covered for protection.

And a third part: safety measure of cement gypsum composite stable base construction method

3.1 establishment of secure production organization

Establishing a sound and safe production responsibility system, a safe production education and training system and a safe production technology delivery degree, establishing a safe production regulation and operation rule, ensuring the investment of capital required by safe production, carrying out regular safety inspection, making safety inspection records, and making safety accident plans and rescue plans.

3.2 allocating full-time safety production management personnel according to the size of the engineering quantity.

3.3 establish the consciousness of 'quality first and safety first' and combine the characteristics of the project to carry out safety education on the staff, and strict safety operation rules.

3.4 obvious safety warning signs or safety protection facilities are arranged at dangerous positions such as an entrance and an exit of a construction site, intersections along a line, temporary power utilization, a diesel tank and the like.

3.5, setting the office and living areas of the construction site and the operation area separately, and keeping a safe distance; the site selection of the office and living areas should meet the safety requirements. The diet, drinking water, rest places and medical help-seeking facilities of workers should meet the sanitary standard.

3.6 establishing a fire safety responsibility system in the mixing plant, determining fire safety responsible persons, establishing various fire management systems and operation rules of fire, electricity, flammability and explosiveness, setting a fire passage, and equipping corresponding facilities and fire extinguishing equipment.

3.7, setting up an emergency plan of safety accidents according to the characteristics of the mixing field, and regularly organizing the drill.

The fourth part: environment-friendly measure of cement gypsum composite stable base construction method

4.1 strengthen inspection and control, strengthen the control, monitoring and inspection management to raise dust, noise, vibration of job site.

4.2 the mixing station stock bin is well impervious and covered to prevent and control underground and peripheral pollution. The mixing station is provided with a wind-shielding dust suppression net, and is equipped with a fog spraying vehicle and a watering cart during mixing, so that dust falling treatment is performed on raised dust and roads in time.

4.3 the construction materials and equipment should be classified and stored at fixed points, and the waste residues, waste materials and domestic garbage generated in engineering construction and test should be accumulated in a centralized way and transported to a designated area for treatment according to time.

4.4 timely cleaning the construction site and simultaneously making environmental greening work around the construction site.

The fifth part is that: benefit analysis of cement gypsum composite stable base layer construction method

5.1 social benefits

5.1.1, the resource utilization of the steel slag solid waste is improved, the contradiction between supply and demand of aggregates is solved, the natural environment damage caused by over-exploitation of high-quality aggregates is relieved, and the aims of energy conservation, emission reduction and environment protection are fulfilled.

5.1.2 reduce land occupation and protect ecological environment

The construction method solves the problems that the industrial waste residue, namely the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag, occupies a large amount of land and pollutes the environment when being stacked, protects the ecological environment, is a green and environment-friendly technology, and has good social benefit and environmental benefit.

5.2 economic benefits

5.2.1 reducing the road engineering cost:

taking a base course with the length of 1.0km, the width of 12m and the thickness of 20cm as an example, the cost of the cement desulfurized gypsum composite stabilized steel slag and the cement stabilized macadam is compared. The price of the raw materials is the price of the mixing station, the average transport distance to the construction site is calculated according to 20km, and the consumption of the materials in each grade is calculated as follows:

(1) the cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag mixture is prepared from the following cement in proportion: desulfurized gypsum: steel slag 5: 4: 91, quality of mixture:

m is 1000m×12m×0.2m×2.664×10³kg/m³6393.6 ton

Wherein: the total mass of the steel slag is as follows: m steel (M mixed x 91%: 6393.6 ton x 91%: 5818.2 ton

Steel slag valence: 5818.2 ton x 18 yuan/ton 104727 yuan

Desulfurized gypsum: m mixed x 4% ═ 6393.6 x 4% > -255.7 tons

And (3) desulfurization gypsum valence: 255.7 ton x 20 yuan/ton 5114 yuan

Cement: m water (M mixed x 5%) (6393.6 x 5%) (319.7 tons)

And (3) cement valence: 319.7 ton x 180 yuan/ton 57546 yuan

Freight charge: 6393.6 ton X (2 yuan/km +0.6 yuan/km × 19km) ═ 85674 yuan

(2) The comprehensive price of the cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag mixture per kilometer is as follows: 104727+5114+57546+85674 is 253061 yuan

(3) Common cement of water-stable macadam mixture: aggregate 5: 95, mixing material quality:

m is 1000M × 12M × 0.2M × 2.430 × 10³kg/m³5832.0 ton

Wherein: aggregate of broken stones: m set is M common × 95%, (5832.0 × 95%, (5540.4 ton)

And (3) crushing the stone to obtain the stone combination value: 5540.4 ton x 50 yuan/ton 277020 yuan

Cement: m water (M common × 5) (-5832.0 × 5) (-291.6 ton)

And (3) cement valence: 291.6 ton x 180 yuan/ton 52488 yuan

Freight charge: 5832 ton x (2 yuan/km +0.6 yuan/km x 19km) ═ 78149 yuan

(4) Comprehensive price of common water-stable macadam mixture per kilometer:

277020+52488+78149 ═ 407657 membered

(5) Through two comparisons, the cost per kilometer is saved:

407657-membered 253061 ═ 154596-membered

(6) And (4) conclusion: the raw material cost occupies a large proportion in the engineering, so the cost is greatly influenced by the unit price change, and the desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag are used for replacing the broken stone in the mixture, so the raw material cost can be obviously reduced, the greater profit is created for the engineering, and the road engineering cost is reduced.

5.2.2 reduction of Industrial waste treatment costs

The method makes full use of the industrial waste residue desulfurized gypsum and the steel slag, reduces the treatment cost of the industrial waste residue, changes waste into valuable, eliminates environmental pollution, saves occupied land and generates great economic benefit and social benefit for chemical enterprises.

5.2.3 curing cycle extension and cost reduction

The cement desulfurized gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer has stable performance, does not need special maintenance in a short period, and can effectively reduce maintenance cost.

It is to be understood that the above examples are illustrative only for the purpose of clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications can be made based on the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step A: construction preparation;

and B: construction lofting;

and C: mixing the mixture in a centralized manner;

step D: transporting the mixture;

step E: the paver paves the mixture;

step F: compacting and forming the mixture;

step G: quality inspection;

step H: watering, health preserving and traffic control;

step I: and (6) handing over and checking.

2. The construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step A: the construction preparation comprises the acceptance of raw materials, wherein the raw materials comprise cement, steel slag, desulfurized gypsum and water, and the weight ratio of the cement to the steel slag to the desulfurized gypsum is (3-5): (91-93): 4, the adding amount of the water is 5-7 wt% of the total weight of the cement, the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum.

3. The construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the initial setting time of the cement is greater than or equal to 4 hours, and the final setting time is greater than or equal to 6.5 hours; the temperature of the cement in the tank is less than or equal to 50 ℃; the discharge days of the cement are more than 7 days; the cement is PO32.5 delayed coagulation cement.

4. The construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the steel slag is aged 10-14 months old slag piled in the open air; the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 10mm and less than or equal to 30mm account for 45 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm account for 10 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm account for 45 wt% of the total weight of the steel slag, and the content of needle-shaped steel slag particles in the steel slag is less than or equal to 18 wt%; the crushing value of the steel slag is less than or equal to 26 percent; the content of free calcium oxide in the steel slag is less than or equal to 1.94 wt%.

5. The construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the steel slag: SiO 2₂18.88 wt%, CaO 45.36 wt%, MgO 6.95 wt%, and Al₂O₃Is 4.29 wt%, Fe₂O₃Is 5.96 wt%, P₂O₅In an amount of 0.463 wt%; the loss on ignition of the steel slag is 0.63 wt%;

in the steel slag: the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 10mm and less than or equal to 30mm have the water content of 0.53wt percent, the water absorption of 1.16wt percent and the apparent relative density of 3.243g/cm³The water content of the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm is 0.42 wt%, the water absorption is 1.43 wt%, and the apparent relative density is 3.251g/cm³The water content of the steel slag particles with the particle size of more than 0mm and less than or equal to 5mm is 0.71wt percent, the water absorption is 1.32wt percent, and the apparent relative density is 3.264g/cm³(ii) a The crushing value of the steel slag is 17.6 percent; the content of free calcium oxide in the steel slag is 1.94 wt%;

6. The construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step E, the paving thickness of the mixture paved by the paver is 20 cm;

step E, transverse sewing treatment is further included;

the transverse seam processing method comprises the following steps: when one section of paving construction is finished, the paver lifts the screed plate to drive away from the site 1m in front of the near end, the end mixed material is shoveled by manpower, then the end mixed material is rolled compactly, then the flatness is checked by using a 3m ruler, and the part with insufficient thickness of the end layer is planed, so that the end mixed material is vertically connected in the next construction.

7. The construction method of the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step E, the spreader comprises a spreading mechanism (100), a measuring mechanism (200), a cutting mechanism (300) and a cleaning mechanism (400); the measuring mechanism (200) is arranged at the rear end of the paving mechanism (100), the cutting mechanism (300) is arranged at the rear end of the measuring mechanism (200), and the cleaning mechanism (400) is arranged at the front end of the paving mechanism (100); the measuring mechanism (200) is used for automatically measuring the paving thickness of the pavement in the paving process, and the cutting mechanism (300) is used for transverse seam processing in the paving process; the cleaning mechanism (400) is used for further cleaning the lower bearing layer of the unpaved pavement and keeping the pavement wet.

8. The cement gypsum composite stabilized steel slag base construction method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the spreading mechanism (100) comprises a material distribution bin (101), a shrinkage rod (102), a screw feeder (103), a screed plate (104), a heating pipe (105) and a controller (106); the discharge gate has been seted up to the bottom of branch feed bin (101), the top of branch feed bin (101) is the feed end, the top of branch feed bin (101) is provided with shrink pole (102), shrink pole (102) are connected branch feed bin (101) and power unit, screw feeder (103) set up the inside at branch feed bin (101), the surface of screw feeder (103) is winding shape blade, screw feeder (103) transversely place in the inside of branch feed bin (101), the rear end of branch feed bin (101) is provided with screed (104), screed (104) are concertina type, the inside of screed (104) is provided with heating mechanism, heating mechanism includes heating pipe (105) and controller (106), heating pipe (105) set up the inside of screed (104), heating pipe (105) laminating screed (104) inner wall, the controller (106) is arranged inside the ironing plate (104), and the controller (106) adjusts the temperature of the heating pipe (105);

the measuring mechanism (200) comprises a first air cylinder (201), a fixed block (202), a measuring rod (203), a dial (204), a signal sensor (205), a polished rod (206), a detecting rod (207), a detecting sensor (208), a sliding rod (209), a sliding ring (210), a measuring plate (211), a pre-flat plate (212), a vibrating plate (213), a vibrator (214), a spring (215), an adjusting plate (216), an adjusting bolt (217) and a graduated scale (218);

the measuring device is characterized in that the first air cylinder (201) is controlled by a timer, a fixed block (202) is fixedly mounted at the top of the first air cylinder (201), the output end of the first air cylinder (201) is fixedly connected with a measuring rod (203), the measuring rod (203) is cylindrical, the bottom of the measuring rod (203) is conical, a dial (204) is arranged at the upper part of the outer surface of the measuring rod (203), scales are arranged on the dial (204), signal sensors (205) are arranged on the outer surface of the dial (204), the number of the signal sensors (205) is multiple, the signal sensors (205) are vertically arranged at one end of the scales, the signal sensors (205) are arranged one by one at intervals of 2cm, connecting blocks are fixedly mounted on two sides of the outer surface of the measuring rod (203), and the number of the connecting blocks is four, four connecting blocks are two-by-two set, each connecting block is fixedly arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the outer surface of the measuring rod (203), the polished rod (206) is fixedly arranged in the middle of each connecting block, the outer surface of the polished rod (206) is connected with the connecting block in a sliding manner, a detecting rod (207) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the connecting block, the detecting rod (207) is annular and is sleeved on the outer surface of the measuring rod (203), a detecting sensor (208) is fixedly arranged at the top of the detecting rod (207), the detecting sensor (208) can detect a signal emitted by the signal sensor (205) when contacting with one signal sensor (205), a sliding rod (209) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the detecting rod (203), and a sliding ring (210) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the sliding rod (209), the sliding ring (210) is connected to the outer surface of the measuring rod (203) in a sliding mode, a measuring plate (211) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding rod (209), the bottom of the measuring plate (211) can be in direct contact with the ground, and the lower surface of the measuring plate (211) is as high as the measuring rod (203);

a cavity is formed in the inner bottom wall of the pre-flat plate (212), a vibration plate (213) is arranged in the cavity, the distance difference between the bottom of the vibration plate (213) and a paved road surface is about 5cm, a vibrator (214) is arranged on the outer surface of the vibration plate (213), the vibrator (214) is arranged in the cavity of the inner bottom wall of the pre-flat plate (212), a spring (215) is fixedly installed on the left side of the pre-flat plate (212), and the spring (215) is made of a material with high elasticity; the utility model discloses a scale, including regulation pole (216), regulation pole's inside has seted up the joint groove, the inside in joint groove is provided with adjusting bolt (217), adjusting bolt (217) run through to adjust the inside joint groove of pole (216), the fixed surface of adjusting pole (216) installs the pointer, the one end sliding connection of pointer is at the surface of scale (218), the bottom of adjusting pole (216) is the arc.

9. The construction method for the cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer according to claim 7, wherein the cutting mechanism (300) comprises a cutting box (301), a second air cylinder (302), a cutting knife (303), a baffle plate (304), a first motor (305), a lead screw (306), a threaded cylinder (307), a pressing plate (308), a decompression spring (309), a motion sensor (310), a lifting rod (311), a lifter (312), a sliding plate (313), a sliding block (314), a cleaning roller (315), a slider (316), a second motor (317), a transmission belt (318), a first telescopic rod (319), a third air cylinder (320), a squeezing plate (321) and a receiver (322);

the middle position of the inner top wall of the cutting box (301) is fixedly provided with a second air cylinder (302), the output end of the second air cylinder (302) is fixedly provided with a cutting knife (303), the outer surface of the cutting knife (303) is fixedly provided with a baffle (304), the bottom of the cutting knife (303) is provided with an inclined plane, the left side position of the inner top wall of the cutting box (301) is fixedly provided with a first motor (305), the output end of the first motor (305) is fixedly provided with a lead screw (306), the outer surface of the lead screw (306) is rotatably connected with a threaded cylinder (307), the bottom of the threaded cylinder (307) is provided with a pressing plate (308) through a bearing, the outer surface of the pressing plate (308) is provided with two pressure reducing springs (309), the number of the pressure reducing springs (309) is two, and the pressure reducing spring (309) at the left end is used in a retraction state and is in contact with the cutting box (301), the right decompression spring (309) is used in a working state and is in contact with the bottom of the baffle (304) on the outer surface of the cutting knife (303);

the right end of the inside of the cutting box (301) is fixedly provided with a motion sensor (310), the motion sensor (310) can be in contact with the top of a lifting rod (311), the outer surface of the lifting rod (311) is provided with a lifter (312), the bottom of the lifting rod (311) is fixedly provided with a sliding plate (313), the side surface of the sliding plate (313) is provided with a first sliding groove, the first sliding groove (313) penetrates through the side surface of the sliding plate (313), the inside of the first sliding groove is slidably connected with a sliding block (314), the inside of the sliding block (314) is rotatably connected with a cleaning roller (315), the top of the sliding plate (313) is provided with a second sliding groove, the inside of the second sliding groove is slidably connected with a sliding block (316), the top of the sliding block (317) is fixedly provided with a second motor (317), and the output end of the second motor (317) is connected with one end of a transmission belt (318), the other end and the cleaning roller (315) of drive belt (318) are connected, the bottom fixed mounting who cuts off the right-hand member of case (301) has first telescopic link (319), the bottom of first telescopic link (319) is provided with third cylinder (320), the output fixed mounting of third cylinder (320) has stripper plate (321), the surface of third cylinder (320) is provided with receiver (322), receiver (322) with action sensor (310) are connected, during lifter (311) withdrawal, action sensor (310) signals, receiver (322) received signal, third cylinder (320) action.

10. The cement gypsum composite stable steel slag base layer construction method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the cleaning mechanism (400) comprises a cleaning box (401), a water tank (402), a water spraying plate (403), a second telescopic rod (404), a cleaning plate (405) and a conveyor belt (406);

the inner top wall of the cleaning box (401) is fixedly provided with a water tank (402), a water outlet pipe is inserted into the bottom of the water tank (402), one end of the water outlet pipe is fixedly inserted into the water spraying plate (403), a cleaning hole is formed in the side face of the cleaning box (401), a second telescopic rod (404) is fixedly installed at the top of the cleaning hole, one end of the second telescopic rod (404) is provided with a cleaning plate (405), a gap is formed in the bottom of the cleaning plate (405), a conveyor belt (406) is arranged at the right end of the interior of the cleaning box (401), the conveyor belt (406) is placed on an inclined plane, and the feeding end of the conveyor belt (406) is arranged on one side of the cleaning hole.