CN113443669B - Passive multi-stage distillation treatment equipment and method for high-concentration brine - Google Patents
Passive multi-stage distillation treatment equipment and method for high-concentration brine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113443669B CN113443669B CN202110720205.7A CN202110720205A CN113443669B CN 113443669 B CN113443669 B CN 113443669B CN 202110720205 A CN202110720205 A CN 202110720205A CN 113443669 B CN113443669 B CN 113443669B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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Abstract
The application discloses a passive multi-stage distillation treatment device and method for high-concentration brine, which comprises the following steps: the multi-stage distillation treatment device is characterized in that a spacer is arranged between every two adjacent distillation treatment devices, and a heating element is arranged at the top of the first-stage distillation treatment device; the distillation treatment device comprises a first capillary layer and a second capillary layer, and a gap exists between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer; the first end of the first capillary layer extends into the high-concentration brine, and the second end of the first capillary layer is used for separating out crystallized salt; the first end of the second capillary layer is arranged below the heating part of the first capillary layer, and the second end of the second capillary layer extends to the fresh water collecting device. The heat between the adjacent distillation treatment devices can be transferred, and the heat released by the condensation of the water vapor generated by the previous stage can be used by the next stage. Along with the crystallized salt of first capillary layer second end constantly increases, siphonage can take place for first capillary layer, directly washes away the salt that crystallizes, has solved and has taken place the problem that salt blockked up when handling concentration salt water among the conventional art.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to passive multi-stage distillation treatment equipment and method for high-concentration brine.
Background
As society develops and population grows, shortage of fresh water resources becomes a global problem that is not negligible, affecting about one third of the world's population. The fresh water resources in China are very deficient, and the occupied amount of per capita water resources is only one sixth of the average level in the world.
The seawater desalination technology is a main approach for solving the water crisis. In recent years, reverse osmosis technology has been most widely used in global seawater desalination projects, accounting for about 60%. However, the reverse osmosis technology is high in cost and cannot treat concentrated brine with the concentration of more than 70 g/L. In addition, a large amount of high-concentration brine generated by industrial seawater desalination cannot be treated, and is discharged to the ocean for a long time, so that the ecological environment is seriously influenced. The method is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present, and is used for treating concentrated seawater and recovering mineral resources in the concentrated seawater to achieve zero emission of a seawater desalination industrial chain. The solar seawater desalination technology is gradually paid attention to by people because industrial waste heat and solar energy can be utilized to directly drive desalination. Under the efforts of scientific researchers, a passive solar distiller and a multi-stage latent heat recovery device are developed, so that the cost is greatly saved, and the heat utilization efficiency is improved.
However, in the conversion process of thermal energy to steam, in order to suppress downward heat conduction and improve heat utilization efficiency, a method of limiting the size of a passage is generally adopted to inhibit convection of a water body. Under this principle of thermal localization, the inherent problem of salt blockage occurs due to the limitation of diffusion effects. Compared with a solar distillation system, the passive multi-stage distillation system is more easily subjected to salt blockage due to the limited water path and the multi-stage structure.
Content of application
In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is provided:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a passive multi-stage distillation processing apparatus for highly concentrated brine, including: the multi-stage distillation treatment device is characterized in that a spacer is arranged between every two adjacent distillation treatment devices, and a heating element is arranged at the top of the first-stage distillation treatment device; the distillation treatment device comprises a first capillary layer and a second capillary layer, and a gap exists between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer; the first end of the first capillary layer extends into the high-concentration brine, and the second end of the first capillary layer is used for separating out crystallized salt; the first end of the second capillary layer is arranged below the first capillary layer heating part, and the second end of the second capillary layer extends to the fresh water collecting device.
By adopting the implementation mode, heat between adjacent distillation treatment devices can be transferred, and heat released by condensation of water vapor generated by the previous stage can be used by the next stage, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved. And along with the crystallized salt of first capillary layer second end constantly increases, siphonage can take place for first capillary layer, directly washes away the salt that crystallizes, has solved and has taken place the problem that salt blockked up when handling concentration salt water among the conventional art.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the heating element includes a solar panel heating element, and the solar panel heating element is disposed on the top of the first capillary layer of the first-stage distillation processing device. The solar panel heating body can generate heat by utilizing solar energy to heat the strong brine in the first capillary layer. The moisture of the strong brine is continuously evaporated after the strong brine is heated, and finally, crystal salt is separated out at the second end of the first capillary layer.
With reference to the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the spacer arranged between adjacent distillation processing apparatuses is a metal spacer, and two surfaces of the metal spacer are respectively in close contact with the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer of the adjacent two-stage distillation processing apparatus. The interval body adopts the metal interval body, can pass through the first capillary layer of interval body with the heat transfer of release in the vapor condensation process of last level, has improved the utilization efficiency of energy.
With reference to the first aspect or any one of the first or second possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a heat dissipation device is disposed at the bottom of the last stage of the distillation processing device, and the heat dissipation device is in contact with the second capillary layer of the last stage of the distillation processing device. The bottom of the last stage of distillation treatment device is provided with a heat dissipation device, the heat dissipation device comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fins which are spaced, and the heat dissipation fins are directly contacted with air, so that the second capillary layer of the last stage of distillation treatment device can be better dissipated.
With reference to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the device is further provided with a crystallized salt collecting device, and the crystallized salt collecting device is fixed on the heat dissipation device housing and corresponds to the second end of the first capillary layer. The crystallized salt collecting device can be used for collecting the crystallized salt washed down by a mobile phone.
With reference to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a support frame is disposed between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer, and the support frames are disposed at two ends of the spacer. The support frame can keep the clearance between first capillary layer and the second capillary layer, guarantees the evaporation space of moisture in the first capillary layer.
With reference to the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the metal spacer includes: aluminum sheet, copper sheet or stainless steel sheet. The metal spacer in this embodiment is preferably an aluminum sheet because the aluminum sheet has good thermal conductivity and is lightweight.
With reference to the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a gap distance between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer is 2 to 10mm.
With reference to the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the number of stages of the multistage distillation treatment device is 2 to 15.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a passive multi-stage distillation processing method for high-concentration brine, which employs the apparatus described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect, and includes: putting a first end of a first capillary layer in the distillation treatment device into high-concentration brine; starting a heating element at the top of the first-stage distillation treatment device; when high-concentration brine is sucked from the first end of the first capillary layer to pass through the middle section, the strong brine is evaporated under the action of the heating element, and water vapor reaches the second capillary layer through the gap to be condensed to obtain fresh water; the first-stage water vapor releases heat in the condensation process, indirectly provides heat for a first capillary layer in the second-stage distillation treatment device, and gradually recurs; forming a crystallized salt at the second end of the first capillary layer along with the evaporation of the water in the first capillary layer; when the length of the crystallized salt reaches a preset value, the first capillary layer forms a siphon, and the strong brine at the first end of the first capillary layer is continuously pumped to wash away the crystallized salt at the second end of the first capillary layer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive multi-stage distillation processing device for high-concentration brine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a passive multi-stage distillation process for highly concentrated brine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the siphon phenomenon provided by the embodiment of the present application;
the method comprises the following steps of 1-a spacing body, 2-a heating body, 3-a first capillary layer, 4-a second capillary layer, 5-a gap, 6-a heat dissipation device and 7-a crystallized salt collection device.
Detailed Description
The scheme is explained in the following by combining the attached drawings and the detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a passive multi-stage distillation processing apparatus for high-concentration brine according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 1, the passive multi-stage distillation processing apparatus for high-concentration brine according to an embodiment of the present application includes: the multi-stage distillation treatment device is characterized in that a spacer is arranged between every two adjacent distillation treatment devices, and a heating body is arranged at the top of the first-stage distillation treatment device. The passive multistage distillation treatment apparatus shown in fig. 1 comprises only two-stage distillation treatment devices by way of example only, and the passive multistage distillation treatment apparatus in this embodiment may comprise more stages.
With further reference to fig. 1, the distillation treatment device comprises a first capillary layer and a second capillary layer, and a gap exists between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer. The first end of the first capillary layer extends into the high-concentration brine, and the second end of the first capillary layer is used for separating out crystallized salt. The first end of the second capillary layer is arranged below the first capillary layer heating part, and the second end of the second capillary layer extends to the fresh water collecting device.
The heat between the adjacent distillation treatment devices can be transferred, and the heat released by the condensation of the water vapor generated by the previous stage can be used by the next stage, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved. And along with the crystallized salt of first capillary layer second end constantly increases, siphonage can take place for first capillary layer, directly washes away the salt that crystallizes, has solved and has taken place the problem that salt blockked up when handling concentration salt water among the conventional art.
In this embodiment, the heating element includes a solar cell panel heating element, and the solar cell panel heating element is arranged at the top of the first capillary layer of the first-stage distillation processing device. The solar panel heating body can generate heat by utilizing solar energy to heat the strong brine in the first capillary layer. The moisture of the strong brine is continuously evaporated after the strong brine is heated, and finally, crystal salt is separated out at the second end of the first capillary layer. The heating element in this embodiment may be other photothermal conversion materials, or low-grade heat source utilization devices such as geothermal heat and industrial waste heat.
The metal spacer is arranged between the adjacent distillation treatment devices, and two surfaces of the metal spacer are respectively in close contact with the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer of the two adjacent distillation treatment devices. The interval body adopts the metal interval body, can pass through the first capillary layer of metal interval body with the heat transfer of release to next stage in the vapor condensation process of last stage, has improved the utilization efficiency of energy. Further, the metal spacer includes: aluminum sheet, copper sheet or stainless steel sheet. The metal spacer in this embodiment is preferably an aluminum sheet because the aluminum sheet has good thermal conductivity and is lightweight.
In this embodiment, a heat dissipation device is disposed at the bottom of the last stage of distillation processing device, and the heat dissipation device is in contact with the second capillary layer of the last stage of distillation processing device. The bottom of the last stage of distillation treatment device is provided with a heat dissipation device, the heat dissipation device comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fins which are spaced, and the heat dissipation fins are directly contacted with air, so that the second capillary layer of the last stage of distillation treatment device can be better dissipated.
The device is further provided with a crystallized salt collecting device, and the crystallized salt collecting device is fixed on the heat dissipation device shell and corresponds to the second end of the first capillary layer. The crystallized salt collecting device can be used for collecting the crystallized salt washed down by a mobile phone. A support frame (not shown in the figure) is arranged between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer, and the support frames are arranged at two ends of the spacing body. The support frame can keep the clearance between first capillary layer and the second capillary layer, guarantees the evaporation space of moisture in the first capillary layer.
In correspondence with the passive multi-stage distillation processing equipment for high-concentration brine provided by the above embodiments, the present application also provides an embodiment of a passive multi-stage distillation processing method for high-concentration brine, which, with reference to fig. 2, includes:
s101, putting a first end of a first capillary layer in the distillation treatment device into high-concentration brine, and starting a heating body at the top of the first-stage distillation treatment device.
S102, when high-concentration brine is sucked from the first end of the first capillary layer to pass through the middle section, the high-concentration brine is evaporated under the action of the heating element, and water vapor reaches the second capillary layer through the gap to be condensed to obtain fresh water;
s103, the first-stage water vapor releases heat in the condensation process, indirectly provides heat for a first capillary layer in the second-stage distillation treatment device, and gradually recurs;
s104, forming crystallized salt at the second end of the first capillary layer along with the evaporation of water in the first capillary layer;
s105, when the length of the crystallized salt reaches a preset value, the first capillary layer forms a siphon, the strong brine at the first end of the first capillary layer is continuously pumped, and the crystallized salt at the second end of the first capillary layer is washed away.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the siphon phenomenon. When the capillary edge is at a height h from the feed liquid level, no water drips. Once the salt crystals have spliced this distance, a siphon is formed and the feed liquid is pumped continuously to flush the salt crystals.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and technical features that are not described in the present application may be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein again; instead, the present application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, which is defined by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A passive multi-stage distillation processing apparatus for highly concentrated brine comprising: the multi-stage distillation treatment device is characterized in that a spacer is arranged between every two adjacent distillation treatment devices, and a heating element is arranged at the top of the first-stage distillation treatment device; the distillation treatment device comprises a first capillary layer and a second capillary layer, and a gap exists between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer; the first end of the first capillary layer extends into the high-concentration brine, and the second end of the first capillary layer is used for separating out crystallized salt; the first end of the second capillary layer is arranged below the heating part of the first capillary layer, the second end of the second capillary layer extends to the fresh water collecting device, and crystallized salt is formed at the second end of the first capillary layer along with the evaporation of water in the first capillary layer; when the length of the crystallized salt reaches a preset value, the first capillary layer forms a siphon, and strong brine at the first end of the first capillary layer is continuously pumped to wash away the crystallized salt at the second end of the first capillary layer.
2. The passive multi-stage distillation processing apparatus for high concentration brine according to claim 1, wherein the heater comprises a solar panel heater disposed on top of the first capillary layer of the first stage distillation processing device.
3. The passive multistage distillation treatment equipment for high-concentration brine according to claim 1, wherein a spacer arranged between adjacent distillation treatment devices is a metal spacer, and two surfaces of the metal spacer are respectively in close contact with a first capillary layer and a second capillary layer of the adjacent two-stage distillation treatment devices.
4. The passive multistage distillation treatment device for high-concentration brine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a heat dissipation device is arranged at the bottom of the distillation treatment device in the last stage, and the heat dissipation device is in contact with the second capillary layer of the distillation treatment device in the last stage.
5. The passive multi-stage distillation processing device for high-concentration brine according to claim 4, wherein the device is further provided with a crystallized salt collecting device, and the crystallized salt collecting device is fixed on the heat sink shell and corresponds to the second end of the first capillary layer.
6. The passive multistage distillation processing apparatus for high concentration brine according to claim 5, wherein a support frame is disposed between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer, and the support frame is disposed at both ends of the spacer.
7. The passive multi-stage distillation treatment apparatus for high-strength brine according to claim 3, wherein the metal spacer comprises: aluminum sheet, copper sheet or stainless steel sheet.
8. The passive multi-stage distillation processing device for high-concentration brine according to claim 1, wherein the gap distance between the first capillary layer and the second capillary layer is 2-10mm.
9. The passive multistage distillation processing apparatus for highly concentrated brine according to claim 1, wherein the multistage distillation processing device has 2 to 15 stages.
10. A passive multistage distillation process for highly concentrated brine, characterized in that the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, said process comprising:
putting a first end of a first capillary layer in the distillation treatment device into high-concentration brine;
starting a heating element at the top of the first-stage distillation treatment device;
when high-concentration brine is sucked from the first end of the first capillary layer to pass through the middle section, the strong brine is evaporated under the action of the heating element, and the vapor reaches the second capillary layer through the gap to be condensed to obtain fresh water;
the first-stage water vapor releases heat in the condensation process, indirectly provides heat for a first capillary layer in the second-stage distillation treatment device, and gradually recurs;
forming a crystallized salt at the second end of the first capillary layer along with the evaporation of the water in the first capillary layer;
when the length of the crystallized salt reaches a preset value, the first capillary layer forms a siphon, and the strong brine at the first end of the first capillary layer is continuously pumped to wash away the crystallized salt at the second end of the first capillary layer.
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| CN114804487B (en) * | 2022-04-30 | 2023-09-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Solar sea water desalination device for co-production of water and electricity and salt |
| CN117964025A (en) * | 2024-02-08 | 2024-05-03 | 珠海九通水务股份有限公司 | Sea water desalination device |
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| US7901939B2 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2011-03-08 | University Of Chicago | Method for performing crystallization and reactions in pressure-driven fluid plugs |
| CN109231325B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2021-06-04 | 武汉大学 | Solar heat focusing capillary driving multistage seawater desalination system |
| CN109293119B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2021-06-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Device for desalinating seawater |
| CN111792693A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-20 | 北京理工大学 | Reverse mass transfer solar electricity-water co-production device for driving water supply through siphon effect |
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