CN113441423A - Sorting device for producing secondary aluminum and secondary aluminum production process using same - Google Patents
Sorting device for producing secondary aluminum and secondary aluminum production process using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113441423A CN113441423A CN202110665895.0A CN202110665895A CN113441423A CN 113441423 A CN113441423 A CN 113441423A CN 202110665895 A CN202110665895 A CN 202110665895A CN 113441423 A CN113441423 A CN 113441423A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention provides a sorting device for producing secondary aluminum, which comprises a support frame, a feeding hopper, an iron removing device, a volume screening device and a storage tank. The device can screen the iron raw material in the recovered waste aluminum raw material, prevents the iron raw material from influencing the product quality of the produced secondary aluminum during smelting, and is also provided with the volume screening device, so that the iron-removed waste aluminum raw material entering the volume screening device can be sorted according to the size, and the subsequent production process can be conveniently carried out; the invention also relates to a production process of secondary aluminum by using the sorting device, which is used for sorting out large aluminum blocks, medium aluminum blocks, small aluminum blocks and aluminum scraps, wherein the large aluminum blocks and the medium aluminum blocks are added firstly in the smelting process, the small aluminum blocks are added into the aluminum liquid after the melting process, the melting and stirring are carried out, after the melting of the small aluminum blocks, the temperature of the aluminum liquid is increased to 660-plus 700 ℃, and the aluminum scraps are added in batches, so that the aluminum liquid produced in the smelting process is uniformly smelted, and the produced aluminum alloy products such as aluminum ingots and the like have good mechanical strength and obviously improved toughness and plasticity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, in particular to a sorting device for producing regenerated aluminum and a regenerated aluminum production process using the same.
Background
The aluminum alloy is an alloy which takes aluminum as a base and is added with a certain amount of other alloying elements, is one of light metal materials, is widely applied to industries such as aviation, aerospace, transportation and the like, and in the production process of the aluminum alloy, the purity of the raw materials directly influences the quality of the produced aluminum alloy.
The production process of the regenerated aluminum at present is to manually sort and treat materials such as recovered waste aluminum and the like, and then cast new aluminum alloy in a mode of remelting the materials in a flame furnace or a smelting furnace. However, some iron-containing impurity alloys are often mixed in the recovered aluminum scrap, and screening is often needed first, and in the prior art, screening is often performed manually, so that the labor intensity of workers is high, and time and labor are wasted; most of the recycled aluminum scraps are different in size, the aluminum scraps different in size are usually put into a smelting furnace together through the aluminum scrap blocks different in size in the actual production process, the phenomenon of uneven smelting is easily caused in the smelting process, the quality of finished aluminum alloy is affected, and the produced aluminum alloy is poor in mechanical strength and insufficient in toughness and plasticity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a sorting device for producing secondary aluminum and a secondary aluminum production process using the sorting device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a sorting unit is used in secondary aluminum production, includes support frame, batch hopper, deironing device, volume sieving mechanism and deposits jar, the batch hopper with the deironing device is fixed on the support frame, the batch hopper sets up the top of deironing device, the deironing device is conveyer belt mechanism, the cylinder of conveyer belt mechanism's discharge end is permanent magnetism cylinder, the below of conveyer belt mechanism discharge end sets up the feed inlet of volume sieving mechanism, the slope of volume sieving mechanism sets up, the below of volume sieving mechanism still sets up strikes vibrator, the opening is seted up to the downside of volume sieving mechanism, the fixed screen cloth of opening part, the downside of screen cloth sets up the storage jar, the storage jar is equipped with four at least.
Preferably, the deironing device includes driving roller, driven cylinder, conveyer belt and first motor, the conveyer belt is connected driving roller with driven cylinder, driving roller with first center pin and second center pin are fixed respectively to the centre of a circle of driven cylinder, driving roller with driven cylinder is fixed respectively through first center pin and second center pin the left and right sides of support frame, first center pin with the second center pin with it is fixed to connect through the bearing between the support frame, first motor is fixed on the support frame, the output shaft of first motor passes through the shaft coupling and fixes first center pin, driving roller is located the discharge end, driving roller is permanent magnet drum.
Preferably, the volume sieving mechanism is fixed on first support, the volume sieving mechanism includes feeding case, first smooth silo and first screening groove, the notch of feeding case is located the below of discharge end, the tank bottom of feeding case is the slope setting, and the tank bottom of feeding case is from the downward sloping left right side, be equipped with the discharge gate on the lateral wall of the left side of feeding case, the discharge gate is fixed the one end of first smooth silo, first smooth silo downward sloping sets up, the other end of first smooth silo is fixed first screening groove, first screening groove downward sloping sets up, the tank bottom of first screening groove is equipped with the opening, the fixed screen cloth of opening, strike vibrator setting and be in the below of first screening groove, place the below of the other end of first screening groove the receipts are deposited the jar.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the first sliding material groove is 25-45 degrees, the inclination angle of the first screening groove is 5-15 degrees, a conical hopper is further fixed below the opening of the first screening groove, a first discharge pipe is fixed below the conical hopper, and the storage tank is arranged below the first discharge pipe.
Preferably, at least two fixed sieves are arranged, and the sieve holes of the fixed sieves are gradually increased from the direction close to the feeding box to the direction far away from the feeding box.
Preferably, strike vibrator includes second motor, reduction gear and strikes the pole, strike the pole and include main shaft pole and square piece, the output shaft of second motor with retarder connection, the output shaft of reduction gear passes through the fixed affiliated main shaft pole of shaft coupling, square piece is fixed on the main shaft pole, square piece sets up the below in the clearance between the fixed screen cloth, the fixed piece of striking of a side of square piece, strike the piece and be the hemisphere.
Preferably, a discharge nozzle is fixed below the feeding hopper, the discharge nozzle is a short pipe with openings at the upper side and the lower side, the cross section of the discharge nozzle is rectangular, and the discharge nozzle is transversely arranged above the conveying belt.
A production process for producing secondary aluminum by using the sorting device comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting raw materials into blocks: recovering a waste aluminum raw material, and cutting the recovered long and medium material of the waste aluminum raw material into blocks;
s2: screening raw materials: feeding the raw materials which are cut into the S1 and the raw materials which are recycled originally and do not need to be cut into a feeding hopper, conveying the raw materials to a discharging end under the action of a conveying belt mechanism, adsorbing the iron raw materials by a permanent magnet roller, sliding the aluminum raw materials into a volume screening device from the tangent direction of the permanent magnet roller, and screening the aluminum raw materials into aluminum scraps, small aluminum blocks, medium aluminum blocks and large aluminum blocks by a fixed screen of the volume screening device;
s3: smelting in a furnace: before the step, a furnace is required to be baked, the temperature of the furnace is slowly raised to 600-700 ℃, the temperature of the furnace body is kept for 2-6 hours, and the large aluminum blocks, the medium aluminum blocks, the small aluminum blocks and the aluminum scraps which are separated in the step S2 are sequentially put into a smelting furnace to be smelted and subjected to slag skimming;
s4: primary detection: pre-analyzing the molten aluminum in the step S3, wherein the sampling part is located in the middle of the smelting furnace and is 15-25 cm below the liquid level; sampling for not less than 3 times, and analyzing components in the aluminum liquid and corresponding contents of the components;
s5: alloying: rapidly raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 660-780 ℃, putting industrial silicon and other metal raw materials into the molten aluminum for melting, controlling the silicon adding amount for 60-150 minutes, and monitoring the temperature in real time for at least 3 times in the alloying process;
s6: secondary sampling analysis: sampling and analyzing the alloying rate in the step S5, and analyzing the components in the aluminum liquid and the corresponding content thereof, wherein the sampling method is the same as that of the step S4;
s6: component adjustment: comparing the analysis result in the S6 with the product components, and adding supplementary materials into the smelting furnace for smelting;
s7: refining and deslagging: blowing the refining agent into the molten aluminum with the adjusted component S6 by a powder blower according to the dosage of the refining agent being 3 per mill, spraying the powder in batches and stirring for 3-5 minutes, standing for 3-5 minutes after stirring is completed to separate aluminum slag, and removing floating ash on the surface;
s8: degassing: uniformly introducing nitrogen or helium into the aluminum liquid after deslagging, wherein a degassing pipe is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid and is 10-15cm away from the furnace bottom, so that the gas can be fully contacted with the aluminum liquid when floating upwards, the gas pressure value is 0.2-0.3 MPa, and the degassing time is longer than 10 min;
s9: detection in front of the furnace: sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid degassed by the S7, wherein the sampling method is the same as that of the S4, determining the types and the quantity of the lacking pure metals again according to the inspection result, adding the pure metals into the furnace for melting, and stirring uniformly;
s10: standing: standing for 10-20 minutes until no bubbles and suspended matters float;
s11: pouring: controlling the pouring temperature of the aluminum liquid: controlling the temperature at 680 ℃ and 700 ℃ when the silicon content is more than 9 percent; controlling the temperature at 700 ℃ and 710 ℃ when the silicon content is less than 9 percent; the ZLD113 deterioration product 725 and 735 ℃; pouring the aluminum liquid into the mold, and cooling to obtain an aluminum ingot product;
s12: and (3) finished product detection: extracting aluminum ingot products in batches for spectral analysis and chemical component detection to ensure the product quality, and returning to the furnace to obtain unqualified products;
s13: packaging and warehousing: and packaging the qualified products, and packaging and warehousing the packaged products.
Preferably, the large aluminum block and the medium aluminum block are added firstly, the small aluminum block is added into the aluminum liquid for melting and stirring after melting, the ratio of the mass of the large aluminum block to the mass of the medium aluminum block to the mass of the small aluminum block is 3-4:1, after melting the small aluminum block, the aluminum liquid is heated to 660-700 ℃, aluminum scraps are added in batches, and stirring is carried out simultaneously until stirring into paste and heating is started.
Preferably, in the refining and deslagging process of S7, placing a powder spraying pipe 10-15cm above molten aluminum in the furnace before powder spraying, and preheating for 1-2 min; opening a nitrogen valve during powder spraying; the powder spraying machine is powered on to operate, and after the refining agent is sprayed out, the powder spraying pipe is immediately inserted into the molten aluminum; in the process of powder spraying, the nozzle of the powder spraying pipe is kept at a position 10c-15cm away from the bottom of the furnace and moves longitudinally or transversely to ensure that the nozzle reaches the most marginal part of a molten pool, the movement is kept at an interval of 20-30cm, and the nozzle moves at a constant speed of 0.3 m/s during powder spraying; spraying powder for 30-40 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the sorting device for producing the secondary aluminum can screen the iron raw material in the recovered waste aluminum raw material, so that the iron raw material is prevented from influencing the product quality of the produced secondary aluminum during smelting, and the volume screening device is also arranged, so that the iron-removed waste aluminum raw material entering the volume screening device can be sorted according to size, and the subsequent production process is convenient to carry out; a discharge nozzle is fixed below a feeding hopper of the sorting device, the discharge nozzle is a short pipe with openings at the upper side and the lower side, the cross section of the discharge nozzle is rectangular, and the discharge nozzle is transversely arranged above the conveying belt; the blocky waste aluminum materials can fall down and are laid on the conveying belt conveniently, so that the waste aluminum raw materials are prevented from being accumulated on the conveying belt, and the iron waste materials are not completely adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller, so that the iron waste materials are contained in the waste aluminum raw materials screened subsequently, and the quality of the produced secondary aluminum is influenced; the sorting device is utilized to sort out large aluminum blocks, medium aluminum blocks, small aluminum blocks and aluminum scraps, the large aluminum blocks and the medium aluminum blocks are added firstly in the smelting process, the small aluminum blocks are added into the aluminum liquid after the large aluminum blocks and the medium aluminum blocks are smelted and stirred, the ratio of the mass of the large aluminum blocks to the mass of the medium aluminum blocks to the mass of the small aluminum blocks is 3-4:1, after the small aluminum blocks are smelted, the aluminum liquid is heated to 660-plus 700 ℃, the aluminum scraps are added in batches, so that the aluminum liquid produced in the smelting process is smelted uniformly, the produced aluminum alloy products such as aluminum ingots and the like are good in mechanical strength, and the toughness and the plasticity are remarkably improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a volume screening apparatus of a sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a knocking rod of the knocking oscillation device of the sorting device for secondary aluminum production according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a discharge nozzle of a sorting device for secondary aluminum production according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the objects, structures, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a sorting unit is used in secondary aluminum production, including support frame 100, batch hopper 200, deironing device 300, volume sieving mechanism 400 and storage tank 500, batch hopper 200 with deironing device 300 fixes on the support frame 100, batch hopper 200 sets up the top of deironing device 300, deironing device 300 is conveyer belt mechanism, the cylinder of conveyer belt mechanism's discharge end is the permanent magnetism cylinder, the below of conveyer mechanism discharge end sets up the feed inlet of volume sieving mechanism 400, volume sieving mechanism 400 sets up in the slope, the below of volume sieving mechanism 400 still sets up strikes vibrator 600, the opening is seted up to the downside of volume sieving mechanism 400, the fixed screen cloth 401 of opening part, the downside of screen cloth 401 sets up storage tank 500, storage tank 500 is equipped with four at least.
As shown in fig. 1, the iron removing device 300 includes a driving roller 310, a driven roller 320, a conveying belt 330 and a first motor, the conveying belt 330 is connected to the driving roller 310 and the driven roller 320, the centers of the driving roller 310 and the driven roller 320 are respectively fixed to a first central shaft 311 and a second central shaft 321, the driving roller 310 and the driven roller 320 are respectively fixed to the left and right sides of the supporting frame 100 through the first central shaft 311 and the second central shaft 321, the first central shaft 311 and the second central shaft 321 are connected and fixed to the supporting frame 100 through a bearing, so that the driving roller 310 and the driven roller 320 can rotate on the supporting frame 100 to drive the conveying belt 330 to move, the first motor is fixed to the supporting frame 100, the output shaft of the first motor fixes the first central shaft 311 through a coupling, and the driving roller 310 is located at the discharging end, the driving roller 310 is a permanent magnet roller, the iron material storage tank 340 is further arranged below the driving roller 310, and the leftmost side wall of the tank opening of the iron material storage tank 340 is located right below the circle center of the driving roller 310. After the raw materials fell into conveyer belt 330, it removes to driving roller 310 direction by conveyer belt 330 drive, driving roller 310 is the permanent magnetism cylinder, make ferrous material on the conveyer belt 330 adsorb on conveyer belt 330, but the aluminium scrap raw materials of non-ferrous material then enters into volume sieving mechanism 400 by the tangential direction landing of the outside circumference of driving roller 310, when conveyer belt 330 continuous motion, conveyer belt 330 drives the iron raw materials to keeping away from driving roller 310 direction motion, make the iron raw materials keep away from driving roller, can not drop from conveyer belt 330 after receiving magnetic force, enter into in iron material storage jar 340.
The inclination angle of the first sliding chute 420 is 25-45 degrees, so that the aluminum scrap material can conveniently slide out of the feeding box, and a certain moving speed is provided for the aluminum scrap material to enter the first screening chute 430; the inclination angle of the first screening groove 430 is 5-15 degrees, so that the aluminum scrap raw material can continuously move in the first screening groove 430 in the direction away from the feeding box 410, and screening by different fixed screens 401 is realized in sequence. A conical hopper 431 is further fixed below the opening of the first screening groove 430, a first discharge pipe 432 is fixed below the conical hopper 431, and the storage tank 500 is arranged below the first discharge pipe 432, so that sorted waste aluminum materials can be conveniently collected into the storage tank 500.
At least two fixed sieves 401 are arranged, and the sieve holes of the fixed sieves 401 are gradually increased from the direction close to the feeding box 410 to the direction far away from the feeding box 410. After the fixed sieve 401 can sequentially separate out smaller aluminum scraps or aluminum blocks, the larger aluminum blocks can also sequentially move in the direction away from the feeding box 410, and are separated by the fixed sieve 401 at the back.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the knocking vibration device 600 includes a second motor 610, a speed reducer 620 and a knocking rod 630, the knocking rod 630 includes a spindle rod 631 and a square block 632, an output shaft of the second motor 610 is connected to the speed reducer 620, an output shaft of the speed reducer 620 fixes the spindle rod through a coupling, the square block 632 is fixed on the spindle rod 631, the spindle rod 631 passes through the center of the square block 632, the square block 632 is disposed below a gap between the fixed screens 401, a knocking block 633 is fixed on one side of the square block 632, the knocking block 633 is hemispherical, when the second motor 610 is turned on, the spindle rod is driven to rotate, so as to drive the direction block 632 to rotate, the knocking block 631 on the square block can regularly knock the bottom of the first screening tank 430, so that the first screening tank vibrates, thereby promoting the waste aluminum raw material to move in a direction away from the feeding box 410 and enabling the raw material to vibrate uniformly, is sufficiently sorted by the fixed sieve 401.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, a material discharge nozzle 210 is fixed below the material feeding hopper 200, the material discharge nozzle 210 is a short tube with openings at the upper and lower sides, the cross section of the material discharge nozzle 210 is rectangular, and the material discharge nozzle 210 is transversely arranged above the conveying belt 330. Make things convenient for cubic aluminium scrap whereabouts to spread on conveyer belt 330, prevent that the aluminium scrap raw materials from piling up on conveyer belt 330, it is incomplete through permanent magnetism cylinder absorption iron waste material, cause the iron waste material to contain in the aluminium scrap raw materials of follow-up screening, influence the quality of the secondary aluminium of production.
A production process for producing secondary aluminum by using the sorting device comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting raw materials into blocks: recovering a waste aluminum raw material, and cutting the recovered long and medium material of the waste aluminum raw material into blocks; such as a long strip or a wire;
s2: screening raw materials: feeding the raw materials which are cut into the S1 and the raw materials which are recycled originally and do not need to be cut into a feeding hopper, conveying the raw materials to a discharging end under the action of a conveying belt mechanism, adsorbing the iron raw materials by a permanent magnet roller, sliding the aluminum raw materials into a volume screening device from the tangent direction of the permanent magnet roller, and screening the aluminum raw materials into aluminum scraps, small aluminum blocks, medium aluminum blocks and large aluminum blocks by a fixed screen of the volume screening device;
s3: smelting in a furnace: before the step, a furnace is required to be baked, the temperature of the furnace is slowly raised to 600-700 ℃, the temperature of the furnace body is kept for 2-6 hours, and the large aluminum blocks, the medium aluminum blocks, the small aluminum blocks and the aluminum scraps which are separated in the step S2 are sequentially put into a smelting furnace to be smelted and subjected to slag skimming;
s4: primary detection: pre-analyzing the molten aluminum in the step S3, wherein the sampling part is located in the middle of the smelting furnace and is 15-25 cm below the liquid level; sampling for not less than 3 times, and analyzing components in the aluminum liquid and corresponding contents of the components;
s5: alloying: rapidly raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 660-780 ℃, putting industrial silicon and other metal raw materials into the molten aluminum for melting, controlling the silicon adding amount for 60-150 minutes, and monitoring the temperature in real time for at least 3 times in the alloying process;
s6: secondary sampling analysis: sampling and analyzing the alloying rate in the step S5, and analyzing the components in the aluminum liquid and the corresponding content thereof, wherein the sampling method is the same as that of the step S4;
s6: component adjustment: comparing the analysis result in the S6 with the product components, and adding supplementary materials into the smelting furnace for smelting;
s7: refining and deslagging: blowing the refining agent into the molten aluminum with the adjusted component S6 by a powder blower according to the dosage of the refining agent being 3 per mill, spraying the powder in batches and stirring for 3-5 minutes, standing for 3-5 minutes after stirring is completed to separate aluminum slag, and removing floating ash on the surface;
s8: degassing: uniformly introducing nitrogen or helium into the aluminum liquid after deslagging, wherein a degassing pipe is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid and is 10-15cm away from the furnace bottom, so that the gas can be fully contacted with the aluminum liquid when floating upwards, the gas pressure value is 0.2-0.3 MPa, and the degassing time is longer than 10 min;
s9: detection in front of the furnace: sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid degassed by the S7, wherein the sampling method is the same as that of the S4, determining the types and the quantity of the lacking pure metals again according to the inspection result, adding the pure metals into the furnace for melting, and stirring uniformly;
s10: standing: standing for 10-20 minutes until no bubbles and suspended matters float;
s11: pouring: controlling the pouring temperature of the aluminum liquid: controlling the temperature at 680 ℃ and 700 ℃ when the silicon content is more than 9 percent; controlling the temperature at 700 ℃ and 710 ℃ when the silicon content is less than 9 percent; the ZLD113 deterioration product 725 and 735 ℃; pouring the aluminum liquid into the mold, and cooling to obtain an aluminum ingot product;
s12: and (3) finished product detection: extracting aluminum ingot products in batches for spectral analysis and chemical component detection to ensure the product quality, and returning to the furnace to obtain unqualified products;
s13: packaging and warehousing: and packaging the qualified products, and packaging and warehousing the packaged products.
The specific operation method of S3 is as follows: firstly adding large aluminum blocks and medium aluminum blocks, adding small aluminum blocks into molten aluminum after melting, melting and stirring, wherein the ratio of the mass of the large aluminum blocks to the mass of the medium aluminum blocks to the mass of the small aluminum blocks is 3-4:1, heating the molten aluminum to 660-700 ℃ after the small aluminum blocks are melted, adding aluminum scraps in batches, stirring simultaneously until the mixture is stirred into paste, and starting heating. And the screened large aluminum blocks, medium aluminum blocks, small aluminum blocks and aluminum scraps are sequentially melted and stirred, so that the phenomenon that the mechanical strength and flexibility of the product are influenced due to nonuniform melting of aluminum liquid is prevented.
In the smelting process, the melting states of flame and raw materials are checked at any time; after the melting is finished, the temperature of the aluminum liquid is raised to 680-700 ℃; adding supplementary materials in batches, wherein the supplementary materials can be aluminum scraps, and stirring and ash removing are carried out by using a stirring rake after the feeding temperature of each batch is increased; materials with larger burning loss need to be pressed into the aluminum liquid by a rake so as to reduce the burning loss; the feeding amount of each batch is controlled to be 2-5 tons according to the amount of molten aluminum in the furnace, and the single batch is not allowed to be more than 5 tons; the burning loss is reduced, the aluminum liquid is uniformly smelted, and the mechanical strength of the secondary aluminum product is improved.
In the refining and deslagging process of S7, placing a powder spraying pipe 10-15cm above molten aluminum in a furnace before powder spraying, and preheating for 1-2 min; opening a nitrogen valve during powder spraying; the powder spraying machine is powered on to operate, and after the refining agent is sprayed out, the powder spraying pipe is immediately inserted into the molten aluminum; in the process of powder spraying, the nozzle of the powder spraying pipe is kept at a position 10c-15cm away from the bottom of the furnace and moves longitudinally or transversely to ensure that the nozzle reaches the most marginal part of a molten pool, the movement is kept at an interval of 20-30cm, and the nozzle moves at a constant speed of 0.3 m/s during powder spraying; spraying powder for 30-40 min. The refining agent is uniformly sprayed, the refining degree of the aluminum liquid is improved, and impurity substances in the aluminum liquid are reduced, so that the mechanical strength, toughness and plasticity of the secondary aluminum are improved.
The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a sorting unit is used in secondary aluminum production which characterized in that: including support frame, batch hopper, deironing device, volume sieving mechanism and receipts and deposit jar, the batch hopper with the deironing device is fixed on the support frame, the batch hopper sets up the top of deironing device, the deironing device is conveyer belt mechanism, the cylinder of the discharge end of conveyer belt mechanism is the permanent magnetism cylinder, the below of conveyer mechanism discharge end sets up the feed inlet of volume sieving mechanism, the slope of volume sieving mechanism sets up, the below of volume sieving mechanism still sets up strikes vibrator, the opening is seted up to the downside of volume sieving mechanism, the fixed screen cloth of opening part, the downside of screen cloth sets up the receipts and deposits jar, it is equipped with four at least to receive and deposit the jar.
2. The sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to claim 1, wherein: the deironing device includes driving roll, driven cylinder, conveyer belt and first motor, the conveyer belt is connected driving roll with driven cylinder, driving roll with first center pin and second center pin are fixed respectively to driven cylinder's the centre of a circle, driving roll with driven cylinder fixes through first center pin and second center pin respectively the left and right sides of support frame, first center pin with the second center pin with it is fixed to connect through the bearing between the support frame, first motor is fixed on the support frame, the output shaft of first motor passes through the shaft coupling and fixes first center pin, driving roll is located the discharge end, driving roll is permanent magnetism cylinder.
3. The sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to claim 1, wherein: the volume screening device is fixed on first support, the volume screening device includes feeding case, first smooth silo and first screening groove, the notch of feeding case is located the below of discharge end, the tank bottom of feeding case is the slope setting, and the tank bottom of feeding case is from the downward sloping left right side, be equipped with the discharge gate on the lateral wall of the left side of feeding case, the discharge gate is fixed the one end of first smooth silo, first smooth silo downward sloping sets up, the other end of first smooth silo is fixed first screening groove, first screening groove downward sloping sets up, the tank bottom of first screening groove is equipped with the opening, opening fixed screen cloth, knocking vibrator sets up the below of first screening groove, place the below of the other end of first screening groove receive and deposit the jar.
4. The sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to claim 3, wherein: the inclination angle of the first sliding material groove is 25-45 degrees, the inclination angle of the first screening groove is 5-15 degrees, a conical hopper is further fixed below the opening of the first screening groove, a first discharging pipe is fixed below the conical hopper, and the storage tank is arranged below the first discharging pipe.
5. The sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to claim 3, wherein: the fixed sieve sets up two at least, the sieve mesh of fixed sieve is kept away from the feeding case direction by being close to the feeding case direction and is increased gradually.
6. The sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to claim 3, wherein: the knocking vibration device comprises a second motor, a speed reducer and a knocking rod, the knocking rod comprises a main shaft rod and a square block, an output shaft of the second motor is connected with the speed reducer, the output shaft of the speed reducer is used for fixing the main shaft rod to which the speed reducer belongs through a shaft coupling, the square block is fixed on the main shaft rod, the square block is arranged below a gap between the fixed screen meshes, the knocking block is fixed on one side face of the square block, and the knocking block is hemispherical.
7. The sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to claim 2, wherein: the feeding device is characterized in that a discharging nozzle is fixed below the feeding hopper, the discharging nozzle is a short pipe with openings at the upper side and the lower side, the cross section of the discharging nozzle is rectangular, and the discharging nozzle is transversely arranged above the conveying belt.
8. A production process for producing secondary aluminum by using the sorting device of claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting raw materials into blocks: recovering a waste aluminum raw material, and cutting the recovered long and medium material of the waste aluminum raw material into blocks;
s2: screening raw materials: feeding the raw materials which are cut into the S1 and the raw materials which are recycled originally and do not need to be cut into a feeding hopper, conveying the raw materials to a discharging end under the action of a conveying belt mechanism, adsorbing the iron raw materials by a permanent magnet roller, sliding the aluminum raw materials into a volume screening device from the tangent direction of the permanent magnet roller, and screening the aluminum raw materials into aluminum scraps, small aluminum blocks, medium aluminum blocks and large aluminum blocks by a fixed screen of the volume screening device;
s3: smelting in a furnace: before the step, a furnace is required to be baked, the temperature of the furnace is slowly raised to 600-700 ℃, the temperature of the furnace body is kept for 2-6 hours, and the large aluminum blocks, the medium aluminum blocks, the small aluminum blocks and the aluminum scraps which are separated in the step S2 are sequentially put into a smelting furnace to be smelted and subjected to slag skimming;
s4: primary detection: pre-analyzing the molten aluminum in the step S3, wherein the sampling part is located in the middle of the smelting furnace and is 15-25 cm below the liquid level; sampling for not less than 3 times, and analyzing components in the aluminum liquid and corresponding contents of the components;
s5: alloying: rapidly raising the temperature of the smelting furnace to 660-780 ℃, putting industrial silicon and other metal raw materials into the molten aluminum for melting, controlling the silicon adding amount for 60-150 minutes, and monitoring the temperature in real time for at least 3 times in the alloying process;
s6: secondary sampling analysis: sampling and analyzing the alloying rate in the step S5, and analyzing the components in the aluminum liquid and the corresponding content thereof, wherein the sampling method is the same as that of the step S4;
s6: component adjustment: comparing the analysis result in the S6 with the product components, and adding supplementary materials into the smelting furnace for smelting;
s7: refining and deslagging: blowing the refining agent into the molten aluminum with the adjusted component S6 by a powder blower according to the dosage of the refining agent being 3 per mill, spraying the powder in batches and stirring for 3-5 minutes, standing for 3-5 minutes after stirring is completed to separate aluminum slag, and removing floating ash on the surface;
s8: degassing: uniformly introducing nitrogen or helium into the aluminum liquid after deslagging, wherein a degassing pipe is positioned at the bottom of the aluminum liquid and is 10-15cm away from the furnace bottom, so that the gas can be fully contacted with the aluminum liquid when floating upwards, the gas pressure value is 0.2-0.3 MPa, and the degassing time is longer than 10 min;
s9: detection in front of the furnace: sampling and analyzing the aluminum liquid degassed by the S7, wherein the sampling method is the same as that of the S4, determining the types and the quantity of the lacking pure metals again according to the inspection result, adding the pure metals into the furnace for melting, and stirring uniformly;
s10: standing: standing for 10-20 minutes until no bubbles and suspended matters float;
s11: pouring: controlling the pouring temperature of the aluminum liquid: controlling the temperature at 680 ℃ and 700 ℃ when the silicon content is more than 9 percent; controlling the temperature at 700 ℃ and 710 ℃ when the silicon content is less than 9 percent; the ZLD113 deterioration product 725 and 735 ℃; pouring the aluminum liquid into the mold, and cooling to obtain an aluminum ingot product;
s12: and (3) finished product detection: extracting aluminum ingot products in batches for spectral analysis and chemical component detection to ensure the product quality, and returning to the furnace to obtain unqualified products;
s13: packaging and warehousing: and packaging the qualified products, and packaging and warehousing the packaged products.
9. The sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to claim 8, wherein: the specific operation method of S3 is as follows: firstly adding large aluminum blocks and medium aluminum blocks, adding small aluminum blocks into molten aluminum after melting, melting and stirring, wherein the ratio of the mass of the large aluminum blocks to the mass of the medium aluminum blocks to the mass of the small aluminum blocks is 3-4:1, heating the molten aluminum to 660-700 ℃ after the small aluminum blocks are melted, adding aluminum scraps in batches, stirring simultaneously until the mixture is stirred into paste, and starting heating.
10. The sorting apparatus for secondary aluminum production according to claim 8, wherein: in the refining and deslagging process of S7, placing a powder spraying pipe 10-15cm above molten aluminum in a furnace before powder spraying, and preheating for 1-2 min; opening a nitrogen valve during powder spraying; the powder spraying machine is powered on to operate, and after the refining agent is sprayed out, the powder spraying pipe is immediately inserted into the molten aluminum; in the process of powder spraying, the nozzle of the powder spraying pipe is kept at a position 10c-15cm away from the bottom of the furnace and moves longitudinally or transversely to ensure that the nozzle reaches the most marginal part of a molten pool, the movement is kept at an interval of 20-30cm, and the nozzle moves at a constant speed of 0.3 m/s during powder spraying; spraying powder for 30-40 min.
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