CN113441400A - Underwater particle separation device and mining vehicle - Google Patents
Underwater particle separation device and mining vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113441400A CN113441400A CN202110700559.5A CN202110700559A CN113441400A CN 113441400 A CN113441400 A CN 113441400A CN 202110700559 A CN202110700559 A CN 202110700559A CN 113441400 A CN113441400 A CN 113441400A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C50/00—Obtaining minerals from underwater, not otherwise provided for
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an underwater particle separation device and a mining vehicle, which comprise a transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism is used for directionally conveying a slime mixture; and the suction mechanism is arranged on one side of the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism and is used for sucking part of ore and sludge in the ore and sludge mixture on the conveying mechanism. Therefore, the problem that the efficiency of sending minerals out of the sea surface is influenced by a large amount of sludge brought out in the existing mixture pumping process is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underwater technology, in particular to an underwater particle separation device and a mining vehicle.
Background
Abundant mineral resources are stored in the ocean bottom, and as scientific and technological progress and easily-mined mineral resources on land gradually decrease, undersea mining increasingly draws attention.
When the existing submarine mining excavating machine carries out submarine mining operation, a conveying device is generally directly adopted to convey a submarine excavated mixture. This conveys a mixture of mineral products and sludge. Lifting the mixture to the sea surface, and then carrying out separation treatment on the sea surface. This carries a large amount of sludge in the process of lifting the mixture, which not only affects the efficiency of the lifting of the minerals from the seabed to the surface.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the application aims to provide an underwater particle separation device and a mining vehicle, and aims to solve the problem that the mineral lifting efficiency is affected by a large amount of sludge brought out in the existing mixture extraction process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
there is provided an underwater particle separation apparatus comprising transport means for the directional transport of a slurry mixture;
and the suction mechanism is arranged on one side of the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism and is used for sucking part of ore and sludge in the ore and sludge mixture on the conveying mechanism.
Optionally, the transport mechanism comprises:
the belt wheels are rotatably arranged at two ends in the conveying direction;
the conveying belt is sleeved on the belt wheels at the two ends and driven by the belt wheels to circularly move;
the baffle, a plurality of the baffle interval sets up on the panel of conveyer belt.
Optionally, the baffle is provided with water permeable holes.
Optionally, the suction mechanism comprises:
the mud suction main pipeline extends along the conveying direction;
the mud suction branch pipes are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction and communicated with the main mud suction pipeline, and the openings of the mud suction branch pipes face the panel of the conveying belt;
the ejector is communicated with the main sludge suction pipeline, and the main sludge suction pipeline generates suction force through the starting of the ejector.
Optionally, the underwater particle separation device further comprises a housing, a conveying channel is formed in the housing, and the conveying mechanism is arranged in the conveying channel;
the suction mechanism is arranged on the shell, and the opening of the mud suction branch pipe is communicated with the conveying channel.
Optionally, the underwater particle separation device further comprises:
the eccentric roller is arranged on the transmission mechanism and is used for disturbing the slime mixture on the transmission mechanism through rotation.
Optionally, the underwater particle separation device further comprises a jet pipe disposed at one side of the conveying mechanism, and the jet pipe is used for spraying water towards the slime mixture on the conveying mechanism.
The water outlet of the jet flow pipeline faces the panel of the conveying belt, and the water flow direction in the jet flow pipeline is perpendicular to the panel of the conveying belt.
Optionally, the underwater particle separation device further comprises a cleaning mechanism, the cleaning mechanism comprises a cleaning nozzle, the cleaning nozzle is located at the turning-back position of the conveying belt, and the cleaning nozzle is used for spraying a water curtain towards the baffle and the panel of the conveying belt.
Optionally, the baffle is arranged perpendicular to or inclined with respect to the panel of the conveyor belt,
when the baffle and the conveying belt are obliquely arranged, one end of the baffle, which is far away from the panel of the conveying belt, is gradually far away from the panel of the conveying belt along the conveying direction;
the outline of one end of the baffle plates, which faces away from the panel of the conveying belt, is L-shaped or/and T-shaped.
Based on the same conception, the scheme also provides a mining vehicle which comprises a mining vehicle body, a mining vehicle frame arranged on the mining vehicle body, and the underwater particle separating device, wherein the conveying mechanism extends along the obliquely upper direction and is arranged on the mining vehicle frame.
Has the advantages that: according to the underwater particle separation device and the mining vehicle, the slime mixture is firstly concentrated at one end of the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism is started, and the slime mixture is directionally conveyed to the other end through the transmission mechanism. In the process that the slurry mixture is conveyed along the conveying direction, the suction mechanism positioned on one side of the conveying mechanism is started, and the started suction mechanism generates suction force for sucking part of small-particle ores and sludge in the slurry mixture on the conveying mechanism. The suction mechanism sucks away the sludge in the mixture on the transmission mechanism, so that the sludge and the ores in the sludge mixture are separated, and the ores are concentrated and lifted to the sea surface when being conveyed to the other end. Like this, promote the in-process and can not smuggle a large amount of silt secretly, only extract the ore, improved the efficiency that the mineral was carried, handle the silt of minute quantity on the sea moreover, alleviateed desilting work greatly. In addition, the suction mechanism can also suck out smaller-grade ores, and larger-grade ores are remained on the conveying mechanism due to insufficient suction. This also enables the function of sorting the ore particles. The small-sized grade ore sucked by the suction means can be further separated by installing and connecting an additional separation unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an underwater particle separation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an embodiment of the underwater particle separation device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a baffle in the transport mechanism of an embodiment of the underwater particle separation device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of an embodiment of the mining vehicle according to the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 100. a transport mechanism; 110. a pulley; 120. a conveyor belt; 121. a panel; 130. a baffle plate; 131. water permeable holes; 140. an eccentric roller; 150. a jet flow conduit; 200. a suction mechanism; 210. a mud suction main pipeline; 220. mud sucking and pipe distributing; 230. an ejector; 300. a housing; 310. a delivery channel; 320. a mixture inlet; 330. an ore outlet; 400. a cleaning mechanism; 410. cleaning the spray head; 420. a water supply pipe; 500. a mine car body; 510. a mine car frame.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
When performing seafloor mining operations, existing seafloor mining excavation machines typically collect a mixture of excavated minerals and silt (a slurry mixture) at one end of a conveyor, transfer the seafloor excavated mixture directly using the conveyor, convey the slurry mixture to the other end of the conveyor, and then concentrate the slurry mixture for disposal, such as by pumping, to a mining vessel at the surface. This conveys a mixture of mineral products and sludge. Lifting the mixture to the sea surface, and then carrying out separation treatment on the sea surface. Therefore, a large amount of silt is brought out in the process of lifting the mixture, the efficiency of sending minerals out of the sea surface is influenced by the carried silt, and the silt on a large amount of seabed belts needs to be processed on the sea surface, so that the workload of dredging work is greatly increased. All ores are mixed together, and the sorting of the sizes of the ores is not facilitated.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, embodiments of the present application provide an underwater particle separating apparatus, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The underwater particle separating device is applied to underwater mining vehicles, and comprises a transmission mechanism 100 and a suction mechanism 200 in the embodiment. The conveying mechanism 100 is used for directionally conveying the slurry mixture, and specifically, for convenience of structural description, the slurry mixture is conveyed from the front to the rear in the embodiment as a reference. The suction mechanism 200 is disposed at one side of the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 100, and the suction mechanism 200 is used for sucking part of the small fraction ore and the sludge in the sludge mixture on the conveying mechanism 100. The suction mechanism 200 can be arranged on the upper side, the lower side, the left side or/and the right side of the conveying mechanism 100, and can achieve the function of sucking part of small-particle ores and sludge in the slurry mixture. In order to make the suction effect more excellent, the suction mechanism 200 of the present embodiment is disposed on the upper side of the conveying mechanism.
By the scheme, the slurry mixture is firstly concentrated at one end of the transmission mechanism 100, the transmission mechanism 100 is started, and the slurry mixture is directionally conveyed to the other end through the transmission mechanism 100. During the process that the slurry mixture is conveyed along the conveying direction, the suction mechanism 200 at one side of the conveying mechanism 100 is started, and the suction mechanism 200 after being started generates suction force for sucking part of ore and sludge in the slurry mixture on the conveying mechanism 100. The sludge in the mixture on the conveying mechanism 100 is sucked away by the suction mechanism 200, so that the sludge and the ores in the sludge mixture are separated, and when the ores are conveyed to the other end, the ores are concentrated and then lifted to the sea surface. Like this, promote the in-process and can not smuggle a large amount of silt secretly, only extract the ore, improved the mineral and sent out the efficiency on sea, handle a minute amount of silt on the sea moreover, alleviateed desilting work greatly. In addition, the suction mechanism 200 can suck out smaller-sized ore, and larger-sized ore remains on the conveying mechanism 100 due to insufficient suction. This also enables the function of sorting the ore particles. The small-sized grade ore sucked by the suction mechanism 200 can be further separated by installing and connecting an additional separation unit.
In the specific structure of this embodiment, the underwater particle separating device further includes a housing 300, a conveying channel 310 is formed in the housing 300, the conveying channel 310 is opened along the front-back direction, the conveying mechanism 100 is disposed in the conveying channel 310, in the specific structure, the conveying mechanism 100 may be disposed in a plurality, and the plurality of conveying mechanisms 100 are disposed in the conveying channel 310 side by side along the left-right direction. By arranging the plurality of conveying mechanisms 100 and simultaneously starting the plurality of conveying mechanisms 100, the conveying width is increased while the stability of conveying is ensured, and the conveying efficiency can be improved. In addition, the inner wall of the shell 300 is blocked above and below the transmission mechanism 100, a limit space with a certain height is formed between the inner wall above the shell 300 and the transmission mechanism 100, a certain limiting effect can be achieved on the conveying capacity of the transmission mechanism 100, the conveying capacity of the transmission mechanism cannot be too large, and the device cannot be damaged, so that different channel heights can be used for adapting to specific application parameters, such as the maximum nodule size, so that blockage is prevented, and the highest separation efficiency is ensured. The suction mechanism 200 is arranged on the shell 300, a plurality of through holes are formed in the inner wall above the shell 300, and the suction mechanism 200 is communicated with the conveying channel 310 through the through holes, so that the ore suction function of the suction mechanism 200 is completed.
The transmission mechanism 100 in this embodiment specifically includes: a pulley 110, a conveyor belt 120, and a baffle 130. The belt pulleys 110 are rotatably disposed at two ends of the conveying direction, i.e., the front and rear ends are both provided with the belt pulleys 110. The conveyer belt 120 is sleeved on the pulleys 110 at both ends, and the conveyer belt 120 is driven by the pulleys 110 to move circularly. A plurality of the baffles 130 are disposed at intervals on the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120. At the turning-back positions of the two ends where the belt wheel 110 is located, the baffle 130 reaches the turning-back position of the front end under the circulating movement of the conveying belt 120, the moving baffle 130 rotates from bottom to top, so that the baffle 130 can support the slurry mixture flowing onto the conveying belt 120, the slurry mixture is positioned between the two adjacent baffles 130 and is stably conveyed, when the slurry mixture is conveyed to the turning-back position of the rear end, the baffle 130 moves downwards, and the slurry mixture positioned on the conveying belt 120 is conveyed out of the conveying belt 120, and the conveying process is completed. In a specific structure of this embodiment, a fixing frame (not shown in the drawings) is disposed in the housing 300, the pulley 110 is rotatably connected to the fixing frame through a rotating shaft, and a power device, such as a motor and a reducer, is further connected to the fixing frame to provide power for one of the pulleys 110, so as to drive the pulley 110 to rotate. As shown in fig. 2, the conveyor belt 120, in one form, may be formed of a plurality of hinged panels 121, the panels 121 having a structural strength sufficient to support a slurry mixture. When the slurry mixture contains ore with larger mass, the conveying belt 120 can also realize stable support, and realize stable conveying of large ore.
As shown in fig. 2, the baffle 130 in this embodiment is provided with water permeable holes 131. The plurality of water permeable holes 131 are provided, so that the baffle 130 has a water permeable function, and when the conveyer belt 120 is in a conveying process, a certain water flow can be generated in the conveying channel 310, so that the water flow washes sludge on the ore through the water permeable holes 131, and the ore is cleaner. In addition, when the baffle 130 moves below the conveyer belt 120, a certain water flow is generated in the conveying channel 310 through the movement of the baffle 130, so that sludge on the baffle 130 can be washed away, the cleaning of the baffle 130 is realized, and the load of the baffle 130 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the baffle 130 in this embodiment is disposed obliquely or perpendicularly to the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120, i.e., the angle b2 in fig. 3 is an acute angle or a right angle. When the angle b2 is acute, the face plate 121 of the conveyor belt 120 refers to the surface plate 121 carrying the slurry mixture. The end of the baffle 130 facing away from the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120 is gradually away from the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120 in the conveying direction. Specifically, when the baffle 130 moves above the conveyor belt 120, the front end of the baffle 130 above is connected with the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120, and the rear end of the baffle 130 above is tilted upwards, so that a groove with an acute outline is formed between the baffle 130 and the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120, and the slurry mixture is not easy to fall off the conveyor belt 120 when the slurry mixture is placed in the groove. The outer contour of the end of the plurality of baffles 130 facing away from the conveyor belt panel is L-shaped or/and T-shaped. That is, the upper ends of all the baffles on one conveyer belt are set to be L-shaped, or the upper ends of all the baffles on one conveyer belt are set to be T-shaped, or the upper ends of part of the baffles on one conveyer belt are set to be T-shaped and the upper ends of part of the baffles are set to be L-shaped. Therefore, the slurry mixture is limited in the groove formed by the conveying belt panel, the baffle plate and the panel, and the slurry mixture is not easy to fall off the conveying belt.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the suction mechanism 200 in this embodiment specifically includes: a main sludge suction pipe 210, a sludge suction branch pipe 220, and an ejector 230. Inhale mud trunk line 210 and extend the setting along direction of delivery, it is a plurality of inhale mud and be in charge of 220 and set up along direction of delivery interval, it is a plurality of inhale mud and be in charge of 220 intercommunication inhale mud trunk line 210, inhale the opening orientation that mud is in charge of 220 the panel 121 of conveyer belt 120, inhale the opening intercommunication that mud is in charge of 220 transfer passage 310. The ejector 230 is in communication with the main suction pipe 210, and the main suction pipe 210 generates suction by actuation of the ejector 230. The ejector 230 in the present embodiment employs an ejector pump. By activating the ejector 230, the ejector 230 generates a suction force in the connected main sludge suction pipe 210, and the suction force is released to various positions above the conveyor belt 120 through the respective sludge suction branch pipes 220, so that the suction force can be generated above the conveyor belt 120. Part of the ore and sludge in the slurry mixture on the transport mechanism 100 is sucked up by suction in the slurry suction branch pipe 220. In a specific structure, the main sludge suction pipe 210 and the sub sludge suction pipe 220 can be formed by welding standard pipes independently, or can be welded out of the pipes directly on the shell through various plates, so that the main sludge suction pipe 210 and the sub sludge suction pipe 220 are formed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the mud suction branch pipe 220 in this embodiment is obliquely disposed on the housing, and one end of the mud suction branch pipe 220 connected to the main mud suction pipe 210 gradually moves away from the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120 in the conveying direction. Specifically, the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120 is parallel to the upper inner wall of the housing, and the mud suction branch pipe 220 and the upper inner wall of the housing form a certain inclination angle. Suction's slope in the branch pipe 220 of inhaling like this is applyed on the slime mixture of conveyer belt 120 panel 121, has certain cushioning effect to the slime mixture that the branch pipe 220 of inhaling of mud position of mouthful like this, prevents directly to absorb the mixture, produces too big suction and blocks up the branch pipe 220 of inhaling mud and inhale the mouth.
The above-mentioned use of the conveying mechanism and the suction mechanism 200 working together can be applied to different conveying environments by controlling the conveying speed of the conveyer belt 120 and the flow rate of the ejector 230. The control conveyor belt 120 transport speed and the eductor 230 flow rate are varied to accommodate the separation of two (or more) material types of different weights and sizes. And the openings of the mud suction branch pipes 220, which can be arranged at different positions along the line (front-back direction) of the conveyer belt 120, of each group of suction mechanisms 200 are different in size, so that the suction force and the flow rate at different positions can be controlled. If the opening of the mud suction branch pipe 220 close to the front end is larger than the opening of the mud suction branch pipe 220 close to the rear end, a large amount of mud is sucked at the front end, and the rear end can adsorb the mud attached to the surface of the ore, so that the surface of the ore is cleaner.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the underwater particle separating apparatus in this embodiment further includes an eccentric roller 140. The eccentric roller 140 is disposed on the conveying mechanism 100, and the eccentric roller 140 is rotated to disturb the slurry mixture on the conveying mechanism 100. The eccentric roller 140 vibrates the conveyor belt 120 as the eccentric roller 140 rotates, so that the slurry mixture on the conveyor belt 120 is dispersed by the shaking of the conveyor belt 120, which disturbs the slurry mixture due to the water flow in the conveying passage 310. By agitating the mixture, lighter and finer ore particles and sludge can be suspended in the liquid, which ensures separation of the different particle streams. The larger/heavier particle flow is retained on the conveyor belt and the lighter/smaller particles are released under the disturbance of the eccentric roller 140 to create a suspension which facilitates separation of the sludge and sorting of the large and small ores. In the concrete structure of this embodiment, eccentric roller 140 sets up in the space that conveyer belt 120 encloses, just eccentric roller 140 is oval eccentric roller 140, and oval eccentric roller 140 is provided with a plurality ofly, and is a plurality of oval eccentric roller 140 is along front and back direction interval distribution, oval eccentric roller 140 rotates through the pivot and connects on the mount, and oval eccentric roller 140's both ends are the bellying like this, when oval eccentric roller 140 rotates, can carry out intermittent type nature top to the upper portion of conveyer belt 120 and conveyer belt 120 lower part simultaneously, not only disturbs the slime mixture on conveyer belt 120 upper portion, can shake the silt that does not clear up on lower part conveyer belt 120 moreover and fall. Two functions are simultaneously realized by one eccentric roller 140, and the working efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the underwater particle separation device in this embodiment further includes a jet pipe 150, the jet pipe 150 is disposed at one side of the conveying mechanism 100, and the jet pipe 150 is used for spraying water toward the slurry mixture on the conveying mechanism 100. The slurry mixture on the conveying mechanism 100 is sprayed with water through the jet flow pipeline 150, so that the suspension of lighter and finer particles can be released, the slurry mixture on the conveying belt 120 is further disturbed, the disturbance amplitude is improved, and the ore and the sludge are more sufficiently separated. In the specific structure of this embodiment, the plurality of jet flow pipes 150 are arranged, the plurality of jet flow pipes 150 are distributed at intervals along the front-back direction, and the plurality of jet flow pipes 150 and the plurality of elliptical eccentric rollers 140 can cooperate with each other to disturb the slurry mixture. A plurality of the jet ducts 150 may be arranged on the left, right, or lower side of the conveyor belt 120. When the fluidic conduit 150 is disposed on the underside of the conveyor belt 120, the face plate 121 of the conveyor belt 120 is provided with a plurality of small holes, which are not sufficient to leak ore. The jet pipe 150 sprays water toward the surface of the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120, so that not only the slurry mixture on the panel 121 of the upper part of the conveyor belt 120 can be disturbed, but also the surface of the panel 121 of the lower part of the conveyor belt 120 can be cleaned, and the functions of disturbance and cleaning can be realized. The water outlet of the jet pipe 150 in this embodiment faces the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120, and the water flow direction in the jet pipe 150 is perpendicular to the panel 121 of the conveyor belt 120. Thus, the water flow in the jet pipe 150 directly impacts the slurry mixture on the panel 121 on the upper part of the conveyer belt 120, so that the disturbance force is large and the stirring is more sufficient.
In the above process, the slurry mixture enters the underwater particle separation device and is conveyed by the conveyor belt 120. The agitation by the jets in the eccentric roller 140 and/or the jet pipe 150 suspends the lighter, finer particles in the liquid. This ensures separation of the different particle streams: the larger/heavier particle flow is left on the conveyor belt 120 and the lighter/smaller particles are suspended and the suspension is sucked away closer to the suction mechanism 200. When the ore and the sludge are adhered to each other, the stirring is performed by the combined action of the eccentric roller 140 and the jet flow in the jet flow pipe 150, so that the separation effect of the mixture of the sticky clay or particles can be better realized.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the specific structure of this embodiment, the underwater particle separation device further includes a cleaning mechanism 400, the cleaning mechanism 400 includes a cleaning nozzle 410, the cleaning nozzle 410 is located at the turning back position of the conveying belt 120, and the cleaning nozzle 410 is used for spraying a water curtain toward the baffle 130 and the panel 121 of the conveying belt 120. The baffle 130 after the ore is conveyed is washed by the water curtain sprayed by the cleaning spray head 410, so that the sludge on the baffle 130 can be washed, and the baffle 130 is prevented from bringing back the sludge. In the specific structure of this embodiment, the cleaning nozzle 410 is disposed at the rear end of the housing 300, and the water curtain sprayed by the cleaning nozzle 410 is turned towards the baffle 130 from the upper side to the lower side, so that the muddy water can be flushed from the ore outlet after the muddy water is flushed. The cleaning spray head 410 and the jet line 150 in this embodiment may share a common water supply line 420. This saves on piping.
The working principle of the underwater particle separation device is as follows: after entering the machine, the nodule and sludge mixture (slurry mixture) is transferred (optionally with transfer wheels as required) to the face plate 121 of the conveyor belt 120. The belt 120 has a large enough stop to match the size of the largest nodule. The water jet, which is emitted through a jet channel 150 arranged at the edge of the face plate 121 of the conveyor belt 120, is perpendicular to the conveyor belt face, is used to remove the deposits entrained in the nodules and to separate the two types of matter. The use of the eccentric roller 140 also increases disturbance and release of the sediment. The silt/clay/sand/debris particles are released from the mixture and suspended by the water jets emitted in the jet line 150 and the jacking of the conveyor belt 120 by the eccentric roller 140. A set of suction mechanisms 200 above the belt deck 121 are used to suck the suspended silt from the mixture. The injection flow rate of the suction means 200 can be varied (and thus the suction flow rate) to optimise sludge suction and minimise the loss of fine ore which enters the sludge circuit with the sludge. The speed of the conveyor belt 120 may also vary from the minimum required transfer rate upward. The separation efficiency can be optimized in combination with the above adjustments to accommodate a variety of different field conditions (different size fractions, different materials).
A typical application of the above described underwater particle separation apparatus is: the device is used for collecting polymetallic nodules in a submarine environment, wherein a certain proportion of fine-grained clay/silt/sand/debris is entrained in the process of collecting the polymetallic nodules on the seabed, in this case, the two types of particles have a significant particle size difference on the size fraction, smaller-sized ores are sucked out through the suction mechanism in the device, and larger-sized ores are left on the conveying mechanism due to insufficient suction. This also enables the function of sorting the ore particles.
When applied to offshore or inland bodies of water, the mixture inlet and one of the outlets (e.g., the sludge outlet) in the housing are open to the body of water, discharging the sludge directly into the existing water environment. And the desired mineral is discharged to a downstream ore transport system.
In the case of land based processing, a source of water may be provided to wet the mixture and the water provided may be recycled in the circulation system. If the two/more channels are ore, i.e. there is also ore at the outlet of the suction means and at the outlet of the delivery means, both places need to be separated in order to perform different processes on different particle sizes. For example, one ore stream may be sent to a filter press or froth flotation circuit, while the other ore stream is sent to a dewatering circuit.
Based on the same concept, the present solution also proposes a mining vehicle, as shown in fig. 4, comprising a vehicle body 500, a vehicle frame 510 provided on the vehicle body 500, and the underwater particle separating device as described above, wherein the conveying mechanism 100 is provided on the vehicle frame 510 extending in an obliquely upward direction.
The mixture inlet 320 is arranged on the lower oblique side of the shell 300, the ore outlet 330 is arranged on the upper oblique side of the shell 300, and the transmission mechanism 100 directionally conveys the slurry mixture from the mixture inlet 320 to the ore outlet 330. During the transportation process, the slurry mixture sucks a part of the ore and sludge in the slurry mixture through the sucking mechanism 200, and forms a clean large ore flowing out from the ore outlet 330. In the mining vehicle, the ore nodules are lifted by the conveying mechanism 100.
The principle of use of the mining vehicle is further elucidated here in the context of an application of seafloor mining, using fig. 1 as an example. The input to the underwater particle separation unit is a mixture of polymetallic nodules and seafloor sediments/sludge. In this case, the conveyor belt 120 is a lifting belt that allows a sufficient height to be lifted to allow the cleaned nodules to pass through an on-board crusher and pumping system to deliver cleaning product to the lifting system. The bottom sediment (clay/silt/sand/debris) discharged from the suction means is fed into a diffuser on the mining vehicle, which can spread it on the already mined path behind the mining vehicle, and its silt discharge can also restore the seabed in seabed or inland underwater mining operations. The characteristics and simplicity of design of the present underwater particle separation device can readily construct an expanded structure for use in a particular application scenario. The belt speed and flow rate can be adjusted to optimize the separation efficiency of the mixture.
In summary, in the underwater particle separation device and mining vehicle of the present invention, the slurry mixture is first collected at one end of the conveying mechanism 100, the conveying mechanism 100 is started, and the slurry mixture is directionally conveyed to the other end through the conveying mechanism 100. During the process that the slurry mixture is conveyed along the conveying direction, the suction mechanism 200 at one side of the conveying mechanism 100 is started, and the suction mechanism 200 after being started generates suction force for sucking part of ore and sludge in the slurry mixture on the conveying mechanism 100. The sludge in the mixture on the conveying mechanism 100 is sucked away by the suction mechanism 200, so that the sludge and the ores in the sludge mixture are separated, and when the ores are conveyed to the other end, the ores are concentrated and then lifted to the sea surface. Like this, promote the in-process and can not smuggle a large amount of silt secretly, only extract the ore, improved the mineral and sent out the efficiency on sea, handle a minute amount of silt on the sea moreover, alleviateed desilting work greatly. In addition, the suction mechanism 200 can suck out smaller-sized ore, and larger-sized ore remains on the conveying mechanism 100 due to insufficient suction. This also enables the function of sorting the ore particles. The small-sized grade ore sucked by the suction mechanism 200 can be further separated by installing and connecting an additional separation unit.
Thus, in underwater mineral industry applications, a cleaner ore product than would otherwise be produced can be produced by the present underwater particle separation device, avoiding the taking of large amounts of sludge to the sea surface, thereby reducing the capacity and operating costs required for riser systems (transporting ore to the sea surface) and ship/platform based sludge handling and dewatering systems. Furthermore, the underwater particle separation apparatus can be used in any processing circuit having a water source to separate a plurality of streams of different size grades from a mixture of materials-to separate mineral products and waste from the mixture or to separate mineral products of different size grades. An underwater particle separation device may be used in a wastewater-sewage system to separate large particle waste from small particle waste. In addition, when installed on mobile underwater equipment, the underwater particle separation device can be used in a variety of applications requiring separation from a source, including cleaning of beaches and near shore contamination.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An underwater particle separation apparatus, comprising:
the conveying mechanism is used for directionally conveying the slurry mixture;
and the suction mechanism is arranged on one side of the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism and is used for sucking part of ore and sludge in the ore and sludge mixture on the conveying mechanism.
2. The underwater particle separation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transport mechanism comprises:
the belt wheels are rotatably arranged at two ends in the conveying direction;
the conveying belt is sleeved on the belt wheels at the two ends and driven by the belt wheels to circularly move;
the baffle, a plurality of the baffle interval sets up on the panel of conveyer belt.
3. An underwater particle separation apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein the baffles are perforated with water permeable apertures.
4. The underwater particle separation apparatus of claim 2, wherein the suction mechanism comprises:
the mud suction main pipeline extends along the conveying direction;
the mud suction branch pipes are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction and communicated with the main mud suction pipeline, and the openings of the mud suction branch pipes face the panel of the conveying belt;
the ejector is communicated with the main sludge suction pipeline, and the main sludge suction pipeline generates suction force through the starting of the ejector.
5. The underwater particle separation device of claim 4, further comprising a housing, a conveyance channel formed within the housing, the conveyance mechanism disposed within the conveyance channel;
the suction mechanism is arranged on the shell, and the opening of the mud suction branch pipe is communicated with the conveying channel.
6. The underwater particle separation apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:
the eccentric roller is arranged on the transmission mechanism and is used for disturbing the slime mixture on the transmission mechanism through rotation.
7. The underwater particle separation device of claim 1, further comprising a jet conduit disposed on one side of the transport mechanism for spraying water toward the slurry mixture on the transport mechanism.
8. The underwater particle separation device of claim 6, further comprising a cleaning mechanism including a cleaning spray head located at a turn of the conveyor belt, the cleaning spray head for spraying a water curtain toward the baffle and a panel of the conveyor belt.
9. Underwater particle separation unit according to claim 8, wherein the baffles are arranged perpendicular or inclined to the deck of the conveyor belt,
when the baffle and the conveying belt are obliquely arranged, one end of the baffle, which is far away from the panel of the conveying belt, is gradually far away from the panel of the conveying belt along the conveying direction;
the outline of one end of the baffle plates, which faces away from the panel of the conveying belt, is L-shaped or/and T-shaped.
10. A mining vehicle comprising a vehicle body, a vehicle frame provided on the vehicle body, and an underwater particle separating apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, the conveying means being provided on the vehicle frame so as to extend obliquely upwardly.
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| CN202110700559.5A CN113441400A (en) | 2021-06-23 | 2021-06-23 | Underwater particle separation device and mining vehicle |
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| CN202110700559.5A CN113441400A (en) | 2021-06-23 | 2021-06-23 | Underwater particle separation device and mining vehicle |
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| CN113441400A true CN113441400A (en) | 2021-09-28 |
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