CN113436790A - Efficient energy-saving flame-retardant cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient energy-saving flame-retardant cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/42—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction
- H01B7/421—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction for heat dissipation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
- H01B7/282—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable
- H01B7/2825—Preventing penetration of fluid, e.g. water or humidity, into conductor or cable using a water impermeable sheath
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wires and cables, in particular to a high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. The high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable comprises a plurality of cable cores, wherein the cable cores are sequentially provided with a waterproof layer, a fireproof filling layer, a flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer and an outer sheath layer from inside to outside, and a barrier frame is fixed in the waterproof layer and separates each cable core into separate cavities which are independent from each other; the cable core comprises a copper conductor, and an insulating layer, a flame-retardant mica layer and a shielding layer which are coated outside the copper conductor; the cavity between the cable core and the separation frame is filled with fireproof filler, and the cross section of the outer sheath layer is polygonal. The invention also provides a preparation method of the flame-retardant cable. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable with reliable performance, solves the problems of poor load and flame retardance of the conventional cable, and has high strength and good energy saving performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wires and cables, in particular to a high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of industries such as petrochemical industry, communication, traffic, building, electric power and the like in China, the demand of industries such as power plants, transformer substations, smelting, petrochemical industry and the like for cables is very large in recent years, and higher requirements are put forward on the performance and the number of the cables, so that materials for manufacturing the cables are gradually upgraded, specialized and specialized. The cable is required to have not only excellent physical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, etc., but also good flame retardancy and high load-carrying property, etc. Although the cables in the current market are various, the flame retardance and the load performance of most of the cables are still not ideal, and the cables have the defects of low strength, poor load performance and poor flame retardance in the using process, so that the service life of the cables is shortened, the economic pressure is increased, and potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable with reliable performance, solves the problems of poor load and flame retardance of the conventional cable, and has high strength and good energy saving performance.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides an energy-efficient flame retarded cable, includes a plurality of cable cores, its characterized in that: the cable core is sequentially provided with a waterproof layer, a fireproof filling layer, a flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer and an outer sheath layer from inside to outside, a barrier frame is fixed in the waterproof layer, and the barrier frame separates each cable core into separate cavities which are independent from each other; the cable core comprises a copper conductor, and an insulating layer, a flame-retardant mica layer and a shielding layer which are coated outside the copper conductor; fireproof fillers are filled in a cavity between the cable core and the separation frame, and the cross section of the outer sheath layer is polygonal.
The cable comprises a cable core, and is characterized in that a plurality of flame-retardant tubes extending along the axial direction of the cable core are arranged in the fireproof filling layer, a flame retardant is filled in the flame-retardant tubes, the flame retardant comprises ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate to the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 2-4: 1.
the fireproof filling layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of polyethylene resin, 3-6 parts of silane coupling agent, 6-12 parts of glass fiber, 6-12 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of smoke suppressant, 3-7 parts of mineral flame retardant, 1-2 parts of anti-aging agent, 2-4 parts of carbon black, 1-2 parts of vulcanizing agent and 0.1-1 part of accelerator.
The insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of PVC resin, 15-20 parts of mineral flame-retardant filler, 0.5-1 part of triallyl isocyanurate, 10-15 parts of expandable graphite and 20-25 parts of calcium alginate fiber.
The fireproof filler is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 10-15 parts of epoxy resin, 3-6 parts of muscovite, 3-10 parts of acicular wollastonite powder, 8-15 parts of magnesium chloride and 2-10 parts of pearl sand.
The barrier frame is made of low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin material.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1), preparing a copper wire: drawing and annealing the copper wires, and then twisting a plurality of copper wires to form a copper conductor;
s2), extrusion molding and wrapping of the insulating layer: weighing the components of the insulating layer according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding, pressing the insulating layer, and wrapping the insulating layer on the copper wire;
s3), winding with a flame-retardant mica layer: at least two layers of mica tapes are wrapped outside the insulating layer;
s4), weaving of the shielding layer: coating the shielding layer coated with the mica tape with a bare copper wire mesh grid to form a cable core, wherein the weaving density is not less than 90%;
s5) coating of the waterproof layer (5): penetrating the cable core to a separate cavity of the separation frame (6), filling fireproof filler in the separate cavity, uniformly coating waterproof paint on the outer surface of the separation frame, airing, and repeating the operation for 2-3 times to obtain a waterproof layer;
s6), extruding and wrapping the fireproof filling layer; sleeving a prefabricated ring belt with a flame-retardant pipe on the waterproof layer and fixing the ring belt, weighing the components of the fireproof filling layer according to the parts by weight, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding, pressing the fireproof filling layer, and wrapping the fireproof filling layer on the flame-retardant pipe in a wrapping manner;
s7), lapping of the flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer: wrapping flame-retardant glass fiber cloth on the periphery of the fireproof filling layer;
s8), extruding and wrapping the outer sheath layer; weighing the components of the outer sheath layer according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, carrying out melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for press forming, pressing to obtain the outer sheath layer, and finally winding and wrapping the outer sheath layer on the flame-retardant glass fiber belt layer.
The stirring time in the stirrer is 20-40 min, the temperature of the hot press for pressing and molding is 240-300 ℃, the pressing pressure is 12-20 MPa, and the pressing time is 13-22 s.
The waterproof coating is an organic silicon waterproof agent.
The invention solves the defects in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:
the cable has scientific and reasonable structural design and high practicability, solves the problems of poor load and flame retardance of the existing cable, and has high strength and good energy saving property. Has the following advantages:
1. through the fire-retardant pipe that is provided with a plurality of edge cable core axial extension in fire prevention filling layer inside, and the inside of tubule is filled with the fire retardant, and when the cable received the burning that comes from outside flame, the burning rate of flame can effectually be slowed down on fire-retardant layer, carries out the first layer protection to the cable core through the fire-retardant layer of rubber. Meanwhile, the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the heat dissipation effect of the cable can be enhanced in a cooling state.
2. Through setting up the separation frame and separating each cable core in independent separate the chamber, can make the cable core remain the interval throughout, not only can avoid adjacent cable core contact electric leakage to wipe out the spark and cause harm, strengthen the reliability of cable, a plurality of independent separate chambers also can delay spreading of condition of a fire moreover, carry out the second layer protection for the cable.
3. The multi-prismatic outer sheath layer is arranged to replace the traditional metal tape armor layer, so that the magnetic loss caused by the metal armor layer is reduced, the loss of the cable is avoided to be increased, the multi-prismatic outer sheath has certain pressure resistance compared with the common circular outer sheath, the pressure resistance of the cable is ensured, the heat dissipation area is increased, the cable can dissipate heat quickly, the temperature of the cable is prevented from rising too fast, and the load capacity of the cable is improved.
4. The flame-retardant mica layer arranged outside the cable core has better fireproof and flame-retardant properties, and can be used for protecting the third layer of the cable. The fireproof filler filled in the cavity between the cable core and the separation frame further improves the flame retardant property, thereby effectively inhibiting the fire from spreading and ensuring the safety and reliability of the cable.
5. Through the waterproof layer, can effectually prevent inside water infiltration cable at ordinary times, protect the inner structure of cable, further improve the security and the reliability of cable.
6. According to the invention, the smoke suppressant is added into the fireproof filling layer, so that the generation of smoke and harmful gas caused by cable combustion can be suppressed, and the smoke amount is reduced. The fire-retardant insulating raw materials and auxiliary materials are reasonably added into the components of the fire-retardant filling layer, the insulating layer and the fire-retardant filler, so that the fire-retardant and fire-retardant properties of the cable can be enhanced
7. The preparation method provided by the invention reduces production procedures, improves production efficiency, reduces manufacturing cost and improves product market competitiveness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-an outer sheath layer, 2-a flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer, 3-a fireproof filling layer, 4-a flame-retardant pipe, 5-a waterproof layer, 6-a barrier frame, 7-a fireproof filler, 8-a copper wire, 9-an insulating layer, 10-a flame-retardant mica layer and 11-a shielding layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable shown in fig. 1 comprises a plurality of cable cores, wherein the cable cores are sequentially provided with a waterproof layer 5, a fireproof filling layer 3, a flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer 2 and an outer sheath layer 1 from inside to outside, a blocking frame 6 is fixed in the waterproof layer 5, and each cable core is divided into mutually independent separate cavities by the blocking frame 6; the cable core comprises a copper conductor 8, an insulating layer 9 coated on the outer side of the copper conductor 8, a flame-retardant mica layer 10 and a shielding layer 11; the cavity between the cable core and the separation frame 6 is filled with fireproof filler 7, and the cross section of the outer sheath layer 1 is polygonal.
Be provided with in the fire prevention filling layer 3 a plurality of edge the fire-retardant pipe 4 of cable core axial extension, the inner tube packing of fire-retardant pipe 4 has the fire retardant, and the fire retardant includes ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the mass ratio of ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 3: 1.
the fireproof filling layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of polyethylene resin, 5 parts of silane coupling agent, 10 parts of glass fiber, 8 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 13 parts of smoke suppressant, 5 parts of mineral flame retardant, 1.5 parts of anti-aging agent, 3 parts of carbon black, 1.2 parts of vulcanizing agent and 0.6 part of accelerator.
The insulating layer 9 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of PVC resin, 18 parts of mineral flame-retardant filler, 0.6 part of triallyl isocyanurate, 12 parts of expandable graphite and 23 parts of calcium alginate fiber.
The fireproof filler 8 is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 12 parts of epoxy resin, 4 parts of muscovite, 7 parts of needle-shaped wollastonite powder, 11 parts of magnesium chloride and 6 parts of pearl sand.
The barrier frame 6 is made of low smoke halogen-free polyolefin material.
The preparation method of the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable comprises the following steps:
s1), preparing the copper wire 8: drawing and annealing the copper wires, and then twisting a plurality of copper wires to form a copper conductor 8;
s2), extrusion molding and wrapping of the insulating layer 9: weighing the components of the insulating layer 9 according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding, pressing the insulating layer 9, and wrapping the insulating layer 9 on the copper wire 8; stirring time in the stirrer is 25min, the temperature of the compression molding in the hot press is 260 ℃, the compression pressure is 15MPa, and the compression time is 15 s.
S3), wrapping a flame-retardant mica layer 10: at least two layers of mica tapes are wound and wrapped outside the insulating layer 9;
s4), braiding of the shield layer 11: coating the shielding layer 11 coated with the mica tape with a bare copper wire mesh grid to form a cable core, wherein the weaving density is not less than 90%;
s5) coating of the waterproof layer 5: penetrating the cable core to a separate cavity of the separation frame 6, filling fireproof filler 7 in the separate cavity, uniformly coating waterproof paint on the outer surface of the separation frame 6, airing, and repeating the operation for 2-3 times to obtain a waterproof layer 5; the waterproof coating is an organosilicon waterproof agent.
S6), extruding and wrapping the fireproof filling layer 3; sleeving a prefabricated annular belt with a flame-retardant pipe 4 on a waterproof layer 5 and fixing, weighing the components of the fireproof filling layer 3 according to the parts by weight, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding, pressing the fireproof filling layer 3, and wrapping the fireproof filling layer 3 on the flame-retardant pipe 4 in a wrapping manner; the stirring time in the stirrer is 30min, the temperature of the pressing and forming in the hot press is 250 ℃, the pressing pressure is 18MPa, and the pressing time is 16 s.
S7), wrapping the flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer 2: the periphery of the fireproof filling layer 3 is wrapped with flame-retardant glass fiber cloth;
s8), extruding and wrapping the outer sheath layer 1; weighing the components of the outer sheath layer 1 according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for press forming to obtain the outer sheath layer 1, and finally wrapping the outer sheath layer 1 on the flame-retardant glass fiber belt layer 2 in a wrapping manner. Stirring time in the stirrer is 35min, the temperature of the compression molding in the hot press is 260 ℃, the compression pressure is 15MPa, and the compression time is 15 s.
The working process of the invention is as follows: when the cable accident was on fire, through being provided with the fire-retardant pipe 4 of a plurality of edge cable core axial extension in fireproof filling layer 3 inside, and the inside of tubule is filled with the fire retardant, and when the cable received the burning from outside flame, fire-retardant layer 3 can effectually slow down the burning rate of flame, carries out the first layer protection to the cable core through the fire-retardant layer of rubber. Meanwhile, the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the heat dissipation effect of the cable can be enhanced in a cooling state; when a fire disaster happens, the fire-proof filling layer 3 is burned by a big fire, the ammonium polyphosphate and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose absorb heat, and when the temperature reaches fifty to seventy degrees, the glue is formed by solidification, so that the fire-proof filling layer 3 can isolate the flame, and the cable is favorably prevented from being damaged by the big fire. Through setting up and separating 6 in the independent chamber that separates each cable core of blocking, can make the cable core keep the interval all the time, not only can avoid adjacent cable core contact electric leakage to wipe out the spark and cause harm, strengthen the reliability of cable, a plurality of independent chamber that separates in addition also can delay spreading of condition of a fire, carries out the second floor protection for the cable. The multi-prismatic outer sheath layer 1 is arranged to replace a traditional metal belt armor layer, so that magnetic loss caused by the metal armor layer is reduced, loss of a cable is avoided being increased, the multi-prismatic outer sheath is increased in surface area compared with a common circular outer sheath and has certain pressure resistance, the pressure resistance of the cable is guaranteed, meanwhile, the heat dissipation area is increased, the cable is convenient to dissipate heat quickly, the temperature of the cable is prevented from rising too fast, and meanwhile, the load capacity of the cable is improved. The flame-retardant mica layer 10 arranged outside the cable core has better fireproof and flame-retardant properties, and can be used for protecting the third layer of the cable. In addition, the fireproof filler 7 filled in the cavity between the cable core and the separation frame 6 further improves the flame retardant property, thereby effectively inhibiting the fire from spreading and ensuring the safety and reliability of the cable. Through setting up waterproof layer 5, can effectually prevent inside water infiltration cable at ordinary times, protect the inner structure of cable, further improve the security and the reliability of cable. According to the invention, the smoke suppressant is added into the fireproof filling layer 3, so that the generation of smoke and harmful gas caused by cable combustion can be suppressed, and the smoke amount is reduced.
Example 2
The high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable shown in fig. 1 comprises a plurality of cable cores, wherein the cable cores are sequentially provided with a waterproof layer 5, a fireproof filling layer 3, a flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer 2 and an outer sheath layer 1 from inside to outside, a blocking frame 6 is fixed in the waterproof layer 5, and each cable core is divided into mutually independent separate cavities by the blocking frame 6; the cable core comprises a copper conductor 8, an insulating layer 9 coated on the outer side of the copper conductor 8, a flame-retardant mica layer 10 and a shielding layer 11; the cavity between the cable core and the separation frame 6 is filled with fireproof filler 7, and the cross section of the outer sheath layer 1 is polygonal.
Be provided with in the fire prevention filling layer 3 a plurality of edge the fire-retardant pipe 4 of cable core axial extension, the inner tube packing of fire-retardant pipe 4 has the fire retardant, and the fire retardant includes ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the mass ratio of ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 2: 1.
the fireproof filling layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of polyethylene resin, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 6 parts of glass fiber, 6 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10 parts of smoke suppressant, 3 parts of mineral flame retardant, 1 part of anti-aging agent, 2 parts of carbon black, 1 part of vulcanizing agent and 0.1 part of accelerator.
The insulating layer 9 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of PVC resin, 15 parts of mineral flame-retardant filler, 0.5 part of triallyl isocyanurate, 10 parts of expandable graphite and 20 parts of calcium alginate fiber.
The fireproof filler 8 is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 10 parts of epoxy resin, 3 parts of muscovite, 3 parts of needle-shaped wollastonite powder, 8 parts of magnesium chloride and 2 parts of pearl sand.
The barrier frame 6 is made of low smoke halogen-free polyolefin material.
The preparation method of the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable comprises the following steps:
s1), preparing the copper wire 8: drawing and annealing the copper wires, and then twisting a plurality of copper wires to form a copper conductor 8;
s2), extrusion molding and wrapping of the insulating layer 9: weighing the components of the insulating layer 9 according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding, pressing the insulating layer 9, and wrapping the insulating layer 9 on the copper wire 8; stirring time in the stirrer is 22min, the temperature of the press molding in the hot press is 240 ℃, the pressing pressure is 13MPa, and the pressing time is 18 s.
S3), wrapping a flame-retardant mica layer 10: at least two layers of mica tapes are wound and wrapped outside the insulating layer 9;
s4), braiding of the shield layer 11: coating the shielding layer 11 coated with the mica tape with a bare copper wire mesh grid to form a cable core, wherein the weaving density is not less than 90%;
s5) coating of the waterproof layer 5: penetrating the cable core to a separate cavity of the separation frame 6, filling fireproof filler 7 in the separate cavity, uniformly coating waterproof paint on the outer surface of the separation frame 6, airing, and repeating the operation for 2-3 times to obtain a waterproof layer 5; the waterproof coating is an organosilicon waterproof agent.
S6), extruding and wrapping the fireproof filling layer 3; sleeving a prefabricated annular belt with a flame-retardant pipe 4 on a waterproof layer 5 and fixing, weighing the components of the fireproof filling layer 3 according to the parts by weight, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding, pressing the fireproof filling layer 3, and wrapping the fireproof filling layer 3 on the flame-retardant pipe 4 in a wrapping manner; the stirring time in the stirrer is 20min, the temperature of the pressing and forming in the hot press is 270 ℃, the pressing pressure is 16MPa, and the pressing time is 20 s.
S7), wrapping the flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer 2: the periphery of the fireproof filling layer 3 is wrapped with flame-retardant glass fiber cloth;
s8), extruding and wrapping the outer sheath layer 1; weighing the components of the outer sheath layer 1 according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for press forming to obtain the outer sheath layer 1, and finally wrapping the outer sheath layer 1 on the flame-retardant glass fiber belt layer 2 in a wrapping manner. Stirring time in the stirrer is 30min, the temperature of the pressing and molding in the hot press is 280 ℃, the pressing pressure is 14MPa, and the pressing time is 22 s.
Example 3
The high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable shown in fig. 1 comprises a plurality of cable cores, wherein the cable cores are sequentially provided with a waterproof layer 5, a fireproof filling layer 3, a flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer 2 and an outer sheath layer 1 from inside to outside, a blocking frame 6 is fixed in the waterproof layer 5, and each cable core is divided into mutually independent separate cavities by the blocking frame 6; the cable core comprises a copper conductor 8, an insulating layer 9 coated on the outer side of the copper conductor 8, a flame-retardant mica layer 10 and a shielding layer 11; the cavity between the cable core and the separation frame 6 is filled with fireproof filler 7, and the cross section of the outer sheath layer 1 is polygonal.
Be provided with in the fire prevention filling layer 3 a plurality of edge the fire-retardant pipe 4 of cable core axial extension, the inner tube packing of fire-retardant pipe 4 has the fire retardant, and the fire retardant includes ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the mass ratio of ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 4: 1.
the fireproof filling layer 3 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of polyethylene resin, 6 parts of silane coupling agent, 12 parts of glass fiber, 12 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 15 parts of smoke suppressant, 7 parts of mineral flame retardant, 2 parts of anti-aging agent, 4 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of vulcanizing agent and 1 part of accelerator.
The insulating layer 9 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of PVC resin, 20 parts of mineral flame-retardant filler, 1 part of triallyl isocyanurate, 15 parts of expandable graphite and 25 parts of calcium alginate fiber.
The fireproof filler 8 is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 15 parts of epoxy resin, 6 parts of muscovite, 10 parts of needle-shaped wollastonite powder, 15 parts of magnesium chloride and 10 parts of pearl sand.
The barrier frame 6 is made of low smoke halogen-free polyolefin material.
The preparation method of the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable comprises the following steps:
s1), preparing the copper wire 8: drawing and annealing the copper wires, and then twisting a plurality of copper wires to form a copper conductor 8;
s2), extrusion molding and wrapping of the insulating layer 9: weighing the components of the insulating layer 9 according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding, pressing the insulating layer 9, and wrapping the insulating layer 9 on the copper wire 8; stirring time in the stirrer is 32min, the temperature of the compression molding in the hot press is 260 ℃, the compression pressure is 15MPa, and the compression time is 20 s.
S3), wrapping a flame-retardant mica layer 10: at least two layers of mica tapes are wound and wrapped outside the insulating layer 9;
s4), braiding of the shield layer 11: coating the shielding layer 11 coated with the mica tape with a bare copper wire mesh grid to form a cable core, wherein the weaving density is not less than 90%;
s5) coating of the waterproof layer 5: penetrating the cable core to a separate cavity of the separation frame 6, filling fireproof filler 7 in the separate cavity, uniformly coating waterproof paint on the outer surface of the separation frame 6, airing, and repeating the operation for 2-3 times to obtain a waterproof layer 5; the waterproof coating is an organosilicon waterproof agent.
S6), extruding and wrapping the fireproof filling layer 3; sleeving a prefabricated annular belt with a flame-retardant pipe 4 on a waterproof layer 5 and fixing, weighing the components of the fireproof filling layer 3 according to the parts by weight, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding, pressing the fireproof filling layer 3, and wrapping the fireproof filling layer 3 on the flame-retardant pipe 4 in a wrapping manner; the stirring time in the stirrer is 28min, the temperature of the pressing and forming in the hot press is 250 ℃, the pressing pressure is 15MPa, and the pressing time is 18 s.
S7), wrapping the flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer 2: the periphery of the fireproof filling layer 3 is wrapped with flame-retardant glass fiber cloth;
s8), extruding and wrapping the outer sheath layer 1; weighing the components of the outer sheath layer 1 according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for press forming to obtain the outer sheath layer 1, and finally wrapping the outer sheath layer 1 on the flame-retardant glass fiber belt layer 2 in a wrapping manner. Stirring time in the stirrer is 33min, the temperature of the compression molding in the hot press is 280 ℃, the compression pressure is 16MPa, and the compression time is 13 s.
And (3) comparison test:
comparative example 1: the cable which is available in the common market is provided with a common fireproof layer, but a flame-retardant pipe is not arranged in the fireproof layer; the cable core is not provided with a flame-retardant frame, and the outermost layer is an armor layer.
Comparative example 2: unlike example 1, the outer jacket layer was in a cylindrical shape.
Comparative example 3: different from the embodiment 1, the fireproof filling layer 3 adopts the traditional components and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of nitrile rubber, 20 parts of vinyl chloride-acrylate copolymer, 5 parts of alumina, 10 parts of flame retardant, 2 parts of anti-aging agent, 3 parts of cross-linking agent and 0.6 part of accelerator.
The detection results of the flame retardant cables of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 test results of various properties of the cable
It can be seen from the above table that the fire-retardant filling layer, the fire-retardant tube and the barrier frame 6 used in the invention are matched, compared with the common cable, the fire-retardant cable has high fire-retardant grade, the fire-retardant grade is UL94-0, the minimum oxygen concentration required by the material for performing flame combustion in oxygen-nitrogen mixed gas flow reaches more than 44%, which indicates that the cable is not easy to combust, the fire-retardant performance is excellent, the halogen acid gas content is low during combustion, the toxicity index is low, and the volume resistivity at 20 ℃ is high. And the multi-prismatic outer sheath layer 1 has higher impact strength, the surface area of the outer sheath is increased compared with that of a common circular outer sheath, the pressure resistance of the cable is ensured, the heat dissipation area is increased, the load capacity of the cable is improved, the internal wire core can be effectively protected, and the mechanical property is excellent.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an energy-efficient flame retarded cable, includes a plurality of cable cores, its characterized in that: the cable core is sequentially provided with a waterproof layer (5), a fireproof filling layer (3), a flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer (2) and an outer sheath layer (1) from inside to outside, a blocking frame (6) is fixed in the waterproof layer (5), and each cable core is divided into mutually independent separate cavities by the blocking frame (6); the cable core comprises a copper conductor (8), an insulating layer (9) coated on the outer side of the copper conductor (8), a flame-retardant mica layer (10) and a shielding layer (11); fireproof fillers (7) are filled in a cavity between the cable core and the separation frame (6), and the cross section of the outer sheath layer (1) is polygonal.
2. The energy-efficient flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with in the fire prevention filling layer (3) a plurality of edge fire-retardant pipe (4) of cable core axial extension, the inside packing of fire-retardant pipe (4) has the fire retardant, the fire retardant includes ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, the mass ratio of ammonium polyphosphate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 2 ~ 4: 1.
3. the energy-efficient flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, wherein: the fireproof filling layer (3) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of polyethylene resin, 3-6 parts of silane coupling agent, 6-12 parts of glass fiber, 6-12 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 10-15 parts of smoke suppressant, 3-7 parts of mineral flame retardant, 1-2 parts of anti-aging agent, 2-4 parts of carbon black, 1-2 parts of vulcanizing agent and 0.1-1 part of accelerator.
4. The energy-efficient flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, wherein: the insulating layer (9) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of PVC resin, 15-20 parts of mineral flame-retardant filler, 0.5-1 part of triallyl isocyanurate, 10-15 parts of expandable graphite and 20-25 parts of calcium alginate fiber.
5. The energy-efficient flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, wherein: the fireproof filler (7) is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 10-15 parts of epoxy resin, 3-6 parts of muscovite, 3-10 parts of acicular wollastonite powder, 8-15 parts of magnesium chloride and 2-10 parts of pearl sand.
6. The energy-efficient flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, wherein: the barrier frame (6) is made of low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin material.
7. A preparation method of the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable based on the claims 1 to 6 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1), preparing a copper wire (8): drawing and annealing the copper wires, and then twisting a plurality of copper wires to form a copper conductor (8);
s2), extrusion molding and wrapping of the insulating layer (9): weighing the components of the insulating layer (9) according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding to obtain the insulating layer (9), and winding the insulating layer (9) on the copper wire (8);
s3), wrapping a flame-retardant mica layer (10): at least two layers of mica tapes are wound and wrapped outside the insulating layer (9);
s4), weaving of the shielding layer (11): coating the shielding layer (11) coated with the mica tape with a bare copper wire mesh grid to form a cable core, wherein the weaving density is not less than 90%;
s5) coating of the waterproof layer (5): penetrating the cable core to a separate cavity of the separation frame (6), filling fireproof filler (7) in the separate cavity, uniformly coating waterproof paint on the outer surface of the separation frame (6), airing, and repeating the operation for 2-3 times to obtain a waterproof layer (5);
s6), extruding and wrapping the fireproof filling layer (3); sleeving a prefabricated girdle with a flame-retardant pipe (4) on a waterproof layer (5) and fixing the girdle, weighing the components of the fireproof filling layer (3) according to the parts by weight, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for compression molding to obtain the fireproof filling layer (3), and wrapping the fireproof filling layer (3) on the flame-retardant pipe (4);
s7), wrapping the flame-retardant glass fiber tape layer (2): the periphery of the fireproof filling layer (3) is wrapped with flame-retardant glass fiber cloth;
s8), extruding and wrapping the outer sheath layer (1); weighing the components of the outer sheath layer (1) according to the weight parts, adding the components into a stirrer for stirring, performing melt extrusion, putting the extruded product into a hot press for press forming to obtain the outer sheath layer (1), and finally wrapping the outer sheath layer (1) on the flame-retardant glass fiber belt layer (2).
8. The preparation method of the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: the stirring time in the stirrer is 20-40 min, the temperature of the hot press for pressing and molding is 240-300 ℃, the pressing pressure is 12-20 MPa, and the pressing time is 13-22 s.
9. The preparation method of the high-efficiency energy-saving flame-retardant cable according to claim 8, characterized in that: the waterproof coating is an organic silicon waterproof agent.
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