CN113433240A - Automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in atmosphere - Google Patents
Automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in atmosphere Download PDFInfo
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- CN113433240A CN113433240A CN202110712059.3A CN202110712059A CN113433240A CN 113433240 A CN113433240 A CN 113433240A CN 202110712059 A CN202110712059 A CN 202110712059A CN 113433240 A CN113433240 A CN 113433240A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
- F16M11/043—Allowing translations
- F16M11/046—Allowing translations adapted to upward-downward translation movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/18—Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/42—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters with arrangement for propelling the support stands on wheels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
- G01N1/2214—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling by sorption
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2273—Atmospheric sampling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/24—Suction devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental detection, in particular to an automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in atmosphere, which comprises a driving device, a sampling device, an adsorption and collection device and a frame device, wherein the frame device comprises a frame and a frame; the driving device arranged on the frame device is in intermittent transmission connection with the sampling device so as to drive the sampling device to collect the gas of the environment to be monitored; the sampling device arranged on the frame device is matched and connected with the adsorption and collection device and is communicated with the adsorption and collection device so as to convey the collected gas into the adsorption and collection device for adsorption and filtration; the adsorption and collection device is detachably connected to the frame device and is matched and connected with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. The invention adopts the driving device which can intermittently drive and control the sampling device and the lifting transmission device to work, and can drive the sampling device to sample the environmental gases with different levels through the cooperation with the lifting transmission device, thereby being convenient for detecting the mixed environmental gases with multiple levels.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental detection, in particular to an automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in atmosphere.
Background
The volatility contained in the atmosphere mostly has the hazards of teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, mutagenesis and the like and is the important factor of phenomena of atmospheric photochemical hazard, greenhouse effect and the like, so that the real-time detection of the content of the atmospheric volatile organic compounds is increasingly important for monitoring and controlling the pollution degree of the atmosphere in time, and especially the online monitoring of the content of the volatile organic compounds is increasingly important.
When the volatile organic compound collection monitoring device in the prior art samples, most of the volatile organic compound collection monitoring device can only collect the environmental gas at the same level, but cannot collect and mix the environmental gas at different levels, so that the accuracy of the detection result of the obtained environmental gas sample is general.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, which can effectively solve the problems in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere comprises a driving device, a sampling device, an adsorption and collection device and a frame device;
the driving device arranged on the frame device is in intermittent transmission connection with the sampling device so as to drive the sampling device to collect the gas of the environment to be monitored;
the sampling device arranged on the frame device is matched and connected with the adsorption and collection device and is communicated with the adsorption and collection device so as to convey the collected gas into the adsorption and collection device for adsorption and filtration;
the adsorption and collection device is detachably connected to the frame device and is connected with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer in a matching manner, so that the adsorption and filtration of volatile organic compounds are analyzed and monitored through the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.
Preferably, the driving device comprises a driving motor, an irregular friction transmission wheel and a vertical frame; the driving motor is fixed on the frame device through the vertical frame, the irregular friction driving wheel is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor, and the irregular friction driving wheel is connected with the sampling device in an intermittent friction transmission mode.
Preferably, the sampling device comprises a first transmission assembly, a pumping and pressing connecting rod, a pumping and pressing disc, a reset tension spring, a sampling cylinder, a detachable cylinder cover, a sampling pipe with an air inlet one-way valve and a sample conveying pipe with an air outlet one-way valve; one end of the sampling cylinder is a closed end, the other end of the sampling cylinder is an open end, the open end of the sampling cylinder is connected with a detachable cylinder cover in a matching mode, a sampling pipe and a sample conveying pipe are arranged on the detachable cylinder cover, and the sample conveying pipe is connected with the adsorption collection device; the inner end of the pumping and pressing connecting rod is fixedly connected with a pumping and pressing disc which is hermetically and slidably matched in the sampling cylinder, the middle part of the pumping and pressing connecting rod is slidably matched at the closed end of the sampling cylinder, the outer end of the pumping and pressing connecting rod is connected with a first transmission assembly in a matching manner so as to drive the pumping and pressing disc to slide in the sampling cylinder in the direction far away from the detachable cylinder cover under the transmission of the first transmission assembly, and gas of an environment to be monitored is pumped into the sampling cylinder through the sampling pipe; and two ends of the reset tension spring are respectively fixedly connected with the first transmission component and the sampling cylinder.
Preferably, the first transmission assembly comprises a first friction wheel, a first linkage shaft, a first bearing shaft frame, a gear, a rack and a linkage plate; the irregular friction transmission wheel is connected with the first friction wheel in intermittent friction transmission; the first friction wheel and the gear are fixed on a first linkage shaft, the first linkage shaft is in running fit with a first bearing shaft frame, and the first bearing shaft frame is fixed on the sampling cylinder; the gear is in meshing transmission connection with a rack, and the rack is in sliding fit in a guide slide way on the outer side surface of the sampling cylinder through a guide edge; one end of the rack is fixed with the linkage plate.
Preferably, the first friction wheel comprises a first wheel body, a first screw and a positioning block; the irregular friction driving wheel is connected with a first wheel body in sliding fit on the first linkage shaft in intermittent friction driving mode, one end of a first screw rod is in running fit on the first wheel body, the other end of the first screw rod is in threaded fit on a positioning block, and the positioning block is fixed on the first wheel body.
Preferably, the automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere further comprises a lifting transmission device; the sampling pipe comprises a sampling nozzle, a sliding vertical pipe, a fixed vertical pipe and a transverse air inlet pipe; the sampling nozzle is fixed at the top of the sliding vertical pipe, the bottom of the sliding vertical pipe is in sealed sliding fit in the fixed vertical pipe, the bottom of the fixed vertical pipe is connected with one end of the transverse air inlet pipe, the other end of the transverse air inlet pipe is connected in an air inlet hole of the detachable barrel cover, and the air inlet check valve is arranged on the transverse air inlet pipe; the top of the sliding vertical pipe is connected to one end of a lifting transmission device in a matching mode, the lifting transmission device is fixed to the frame device, and the other end of the lifting transmission device is connected with the irregular friction transmission wheel in an intermittent friction transmission mode so as to drive the sliding vertical pipe to slide in the fixed vertical pipe under the transmission of the irregular friction transmission wheel.
Preferably, the lifting transmission device comprises a second friction wheel, a worm, a second bearing frame, a worm wheel, a short shaft, a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel, a two-way screw and a lifting frame; the irregular friction transmission wheel is connected with a second friction wheel in intermittent friction transmission mode, the second friction wheel is fixed at one end of a worm, the middle of the worm is in running fit with a second bearing frame, the second bearing frame is fixed on the vertical frame, the other end of the worm is in meshing transmission connection with a worm wheel, the worm wheel and the driving belt wheel are fixed on a short shaft, and the short shaft is in running fit with the second bearing frame; the driving belt wheel is connected with a driven belt wheel fixed at the top of the bidirectional screw through a synchronous belt in a transmission way; the middle part normal running fit of two-way screw rod is on the frame device, and the one end cooperation of crane is connected in the upper end of two-way screw rod, and the other end and the cooperation of slip standpipe of crane are connected.
Preferably, the adsorption and collection device comprises an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, an exhaust pipe with a one-way valve, a plug socket, a sliding plug board, a limiting slide block, a cross rod, a compression spring and a fixing block; the upper barrel body is detachably connected with the lower barrel body, the top of the upper barrel body is provided with an exhaust pipe, and the bottom of the lower barrel body is provided with an inserting seat; one end of the sliding inserting plate is in sliding fit in a horizontal slideway of the frame device, the other end of the sliding inserting plate is inserted in the inserting seat, one end of the sliding inserting plate is fixedly connected with the limiting sliding block, and the limiting sliding block is in sliding fit in a limiting slideway of the frame device; the limiting sliding block is in sliding fit with the middle of the cross rod, one end of the cross rod is fixed on the fixing block, the fixing block is fixed on the frame device, a compression spring is sleeved on the cross rod between the fixing block and the limiting sliding block, and the fixing block and the plug-in socket are located at two ends of the limiting sliding block; a filter membrane is arranged in the upper cylinder body, and an adsorbent is arranged in the lower cylinder body; the sample conveying pipe is matched in the central through hole of the upper barrel in a sealing mode, penetrates through the central hole of the filter membrane and is inserted into the adsorbent of the lower barrel.
Preferably, the sample conveying pipe comprises a fixed transverse pipe, a rotary vertical pipe, a first belt wheel, a second belt wheel, a sliding conveying pipe, a sliding disc, a push-pull connecting rod and a regulating screw rod; the fixed transverse pipe is provided with an air outlet one-way valve, one end of the fixed transverse pipe is connected with an air outlet hole of the detachable barrel cover, the other end of the fixed transverse pipe is connected with the upper end of the rotary vertical pipe in a sealing and rotating mode, the middle of the rotary vertical pipe is matched with the central through hole of the upper barrel in a sealing and rotating mode, and the lower end of the rotary vertical pipe is inserted into the lower barrel; the first belt wheel is fixed on the rotary vertical pipe, the second belt wheel is fixed on the bidirectional screw rod, and the first belt wheel and the second belt wheel are in transmission connection through a synchronous belt; the lower end of the rotating vertical pipe is uniformly matched with four sliding conveying pipes in a surrounding sliding mode, the inner ends of the sliding conveying pipes are respectively connected with one end of a push-pull connecting rod in a rotating mode, the other ends of the four push-pull connecting rods are matched on a sliding disc in a rotating mode, the sliding disc is matched in the rotating vertical pipe in a sealing sliding mode, and the sliding disc is located below the sliding conveying pipes; the top of the regulating screw is rotatably connected with the center of the sliding disc, and the middle part of the regulating screw is in threaded fit with the bottom surface of the rotary vertical pipe.
Preferably, the frame device comprises a frame body, a travelling wheel, a lifting support, a guide vertical plate and a support column; four corners of the frame body are respectively connected with a travelling wheel in a rotating way; the lifting support is positioned on the inner side of the frame body, the lifting support is in threaded fit with the lower end of the bidirectional screw rod, and four corners of the lifting support are respectively provided with a pillar; the lower end of the guide vertical plate is fixed on the lifting support, and the middle part of the guide vertical plate is in sliding fit with the upper through hole and the lower through hole of the frame body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the automatic sampling and monitoring system for the volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, the driving device capable of controlling the sampling device and the lifting transmission device to work in an intermittent transmission manner is adopted, the sampling device can be driven to sample the environmental gases with different levels through the cooperation with the lifting transmission device, the environmental gases with different levels can be conveniently mixed and then detected, the accuracy of detection of the volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere can be improved, and the monitoring effect of the volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere can be improved; the frame device capable of rising along with the rising of the sampling device is arranged in the sampling device, so that the range of the environment gas which can be collected by the sampling device can be expanded, the sampling device can be positioned, and the sampling stability is improved.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first general schematic diagram provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second overall view provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first transmission assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a sample transfer tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sample delivery tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an adsorption collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a frame assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: a drive device 1; a drive motor 101; an irregular friction transmission wheel 102; a stand 103; a sampling device 2; a first transmission assembly 201; a first friction wheel 201 a; a first linkage shaft 201 b; a first pedestal 201 c; a gear 201 d; a rack 201 e; a linkage plate 201 f; a pumping link 202; a pumping disk 203; a return tension spring 204; a sample cartridge 205; a removable cartridge cover 206; a sampling tube 207; a sampling nozzle 207 a; a sliding standpipe 207 b; a fixed standpipe 207 c; the intake cross-pipe 207 d; a sample delivery tube 208; fixed cross tube 208 a; the standpipe 208b is rotated; a first pulley 208 c; a second pulley 208 d; a sliding delivery tube 208 e; a sliding disk 208 f; a push-pull connecting rod 208 g; adjusting and controlling the screw rod for 208 h; an adsorption collection device 3; an upper cylinder 301; a lower cylinder 302; an exhaust pipe 303; a socket 304; a slide insertion plate 305; a limiting slide block 306; a cross bar 307; a compression spring 308; a fixed block 309; a frame device 4; a frame body 401; a road wheel 402; a lifting bracket 403; a guide riser 404 and a pillar 405; a lifting transmission device 5; a second friction wheel 501; a worm 502; a second pedestal 503; a worm gear 504; a short axis 505; a driving pulley 506; a driven pulley 507; a bidirectional screw 508; a crane 509.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly disposed on the other element; when an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, refer to an orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of a plurality of or a plurality of is two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for understanding and reading the contents disclosed in the specification, and are not used for limiting the conditions that the present application can implement, so the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present application without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present application. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial technical changes.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-13.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-13, an automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere comprises a driving device 1, a sampling device 2, an adsorption and collection device 3 and a frame device 4; the driving device 1 arranged on the frame device 4 is connected with the sampling device 2 in an intermittent transmission manner so as to drive the sampling device 2 to collect the gas of the environment to be monitored; the sampling device 2 arranged on the frame device 4 is matched and connected with the adsorption and collection device 3 so as to convey the collected gas into the adsorption and collection device 3 for adsorption and filtration; the adsorption and collection device 3 is connected to the frame device 4 and is connected with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer in a matching manner so as to analyze and monitor the volatile organic compounds subjected to adsorption and filtration through the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.
According to the automatic sampling and monitoring system for the volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, after the internal driving device 1 is started, the internal driving device 1 can intermittently drive the sampling device 2 to sample gas of an environment to be monitored, when the driving device 1 is in contact with the sampling device 2, the driving device drives the sampling device 2 to extract the gas of the environment to be monitored, when the driving device 1 is separated from the sampling device 2, the gas in the sampling device 2 can be conveyed into the adsorption and collection device 3 to be subjected to adsorption treatment, then the volatile organic compound sample collected by adsorption is detected through a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, and the concentration of the volatile organic compounds in the atmospheric environment at the position can be obtained by calculating according to the total volume of the gas sampled by the sampling device 2.
The driving device 1 comprises a driving motor 101, an irregular friction driving wheel 102 and a vertical frame 103; the driving motor 101 is fixed on the frame device 4 through a vertical frame 103, an irregular friction driving wheel 102 is fixed on an output shaft of the driving motor 101, and the irregular friction driving wheel 102 intermittently frictionally drives the sampling device 2. After the driving motor 101 is started, the irregular friction driving wheel 102 can be driven to rotate, and the irregular friction driving wheel 102 can be driven to sample the gas by the sampling device 2 when rotating to contact with the sampling device 2.
The sampling device 2 comprises a first transmission assembly 201, a pressure pumping connecting rod 202, a pressure pumping disc 203, a reset tension spring 204, a sampling cylinder 205, a detachable cylinder cover 206, a sampling pipe 207 with an air inlet one-way valve and a sample conveying pipe 208 with an air outlet one-way valve; the sampling cylinder 205 is fixed on the frame device 4 through a cylinder frame, one end of the sampling cylinder 205 is a closed end, the other end of the sampling cylinder 205 is an open end, the open end of the sampling cylinder 205 is connected with a detachable cylinder cover 206 in a matching way, a sampling pipe 207 and a sample conveying pipe 208 are arranged on the detachable cylinder cover 206, and the sample conveying pipe 208 is connected with the adsorption collection device 3; the inner end of the pumping and pressing connecting rod 202 is fixedly connected with a pumping and pressing disc 203 which is in sealing sliding fit in the sampling cylinder 205, the middle part of the pumping and pressing connecting rod 202 is in sliding fit at the closed end of the sampling cylinder 205, the outer end of the pumping and pressing connecting rod 202 is in matching connection with the first transmission assembly 201, so that the pumping and pressing disc 203 is driven by the transmission of the first transmission assembly 201 to slide in the sampling cylinder 205 towards the direction far away from the detachable cylinder cover 206, and gas of an environment to be monitored is pumped into the sampling cylinder 205 through the sampling pipe 207; two ends of the reset tension spring 204 are respectively fixedly connected with the first transmission component 201 and the sampling cylinder 205.
When the irregular friction driving wheel 102 rotates to contact with the first transmission assembly 201, the pumping and pressing connecting rod 202 can be driven by the first transmission assembly 201 to slide outwards and stretch the reset tension spring 204, the pumping and pressing connecting rod 202 drives the pumping plate 203 to slide towards the direction far away from the detachable cover 206 in the sampling cylinder 205, at the moment, the gas of an environment to be monitored can be pumped into the sampling cylinder 205 through the sampling pipe 207 with the air inlet one-way valve through the matching of the pumping plate 203 and the sampling cylinder 205, when the irregular friction driving wheel 102 rotates to be separated from the first transmission assembly 201, the pumping plate 203 can reset under the elastic action of the reset tension spring 204, and therefore the gas in the sampling cylinder 205 is conveyed into the adsorption and collection device 3 through the sample conveying pipe 208 with the air outlet one-way valve to be subjected to adsorption treatment.
The first transmission assembly 201 comprises a first friction wheel 201a, a first linkage shaft 201b, a first bearing bracket 201c, a gear 201d, a rack 201e and a linkage plate 201 f; the irregular friction transmission wheel 102 intermittently frictionally transmits a first friction wheel 201 a; a first friction wheel 201a and a gear 201d are fixed on a first linkage shaft 201b, the first linkage shaft 201b is in running fit with a first bearing bracket 201c, and the first bearing bracket 201c is fixed on a sampling cylinder 205; the gear 201d is meshed with the transmission rack 201e, and the rack 201e is in sliding fit in a guide slide way on the outer side surface of the sampling cylinder 205 through a guide edge; one end of the rack 201e is fixed with the linkage plate 201 f.
Irregular friction drive wheel 102 rotates to when contacting with first friction pulley 201a, can drive first universal driving shaft 201b through first friction pulley 201a and rotate, and then drives gear 201d and rotate, drives rack 201e and slides to the direction of keeping away from can dismantle cover 206 when gear 201d rotates to control through linkage plate 201f and take out pressure connecting rod 202 and slide to the outside and stretch the extension spring 204 that resets, be convenient for carry out gaseous extraction and gather.
The first friction wheel 201a comprises a first wheel body, a first screw rod and a positioning block; the irregular friction transmission wheel 102 is connected with a first wheel body in sliding fit on the first linkage shaft 201b in an intermittent friction transmission manner, one end of a first screw rod is in rotating fit on the first wheel body, the other end of the first screw rod is in threaded fit on a positioning block, and the positioning block is fixed on the first wheel body. The first friction wheel 201a is structurally arranged to stop contact transmission with the irregular friction transmission wheel 102, and when the first friction wheel is used, the first screw rod is rotated to change the position of the first screw rod and the positioning block, so that the first wheel body can be driven to slide on the first linkage shaft 201b, and the first wheel body is controlled to be in contact with or separated from the irregular friction transmission wheel 102.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1-13, the automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere further includes a lifting transmission device 5; the sampling pipe 207 comprises a sampling nozzle 207a, a sliding vertical pipe 207b, a fixed vertical pipe 207c and a transverse air inlet pipe 207 d; the sampling nozzle 207a is fixed at the top of the sliding vertical pipe 207b, the bottom of the sliding vertical pipe 207b is in sealing sliding fit in the fixed vertical pipe 207c, the bottom of the fixed vertical pipe 207c is connected with one end of a transverse air inlet pipe 207d, the other end of the transverse air inlet pipe 207d is connected in an air inlet hole of the detachable barrel cover 206, and the air inlet check valve is arranged on the transverse air inlet pipe 207 d; the top of the vertical sliding tube 207b is connected to one end of the lifting transmission device 5 in a matching manner, the lifting transmission device 5 is fixed on the frame device 4, and the other end of the lifting transmission device 5 is connected to the irregular friction transmission wheel 102 in an intermittent friction transmission manner, so that the vertical sliding tube 207b is driven to slide in the vertical fixed tube 207c under the transmission of the irregular friction transmission wheel 102.
When irregular friction drive wheel 102 with first drive assembly 201 separation back, irregular friction drive wheel 102 contacts with lift transmission 5 gradually, thereby slide standpipe 207b through control and carry out intermittent type's upwards slip in fixed standpipe 207c, the height of sampling mouth 207a on the slip standpipe 207b that constantly risees, thereby gather the gas of different level, finally mix in adsorbing collection device 3, be favorable to improving the accuracy that detects volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, improve the monitoring effect to volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere.
The lifting transmission device 5 comprises a second friction wheel 501, a worm 502, a second bearing bracket 503, a worm wheel 504, a short shaft 505, a driving pulley 506, a driven pulley 507, a bidirectional screw 508 and a lifting frame 509; the irregular friction transmission wheel 102 intermittently and frictionally transmits a second friction wheel 501, the second friction wheel 501 is fixed at one end of a worm 502, the middle part of the worm 502 is in running fit with a second bearing frame 503, the second bearing frame 503 is fixed on the vertical frame 103, the other end of the worm 502 is meshed with a transmission worm wheel 504, the worm wheel 504 and a driving pulley 506 are fixed on a short shaft 505, and the short shaft 505 is in running fit with the second bearing frame 503; the driving belt wheel 506 is connected with a driven belt wheel 507 fixed on the top of the bidirectional screw 508 through a synchronous belt; the middle part of the two-way screw rod 508 is rotationally matched on the frame device 4, one end of the lifting frame 509 is connected to the upper end of the two-way screw rod 508 in a matching way, and the other end of the lifting frame 509 is connected with the sliding vertical pipe 207b in a matching way. When the irregular friction driving wheel 102 rotates to contact with the second friction wheel 501, the second friction wheel 501 can be driven to rotate through friction transmission, the second friction wheel 501 can drive the worm 502 to rotate when rotating, the worm 502 can be meshed with the transmission to drive the worm wheel 504 to rotate when rotating, the worm wheel 504 can drive the driving pulley 506 to rotate through the short shaft 505 when rotating, the driving pulley 506 drives the driven pulley 507 to rotate through synchronous belt transmission, the driven pulley 507 drives the two-way screw 508 to rotate, so as to drive the lifting frame 509 to ascend or descend, when sampling is carried out, the continuous ascending state is realized, the height of the sampling nozzle 207a is controlled to be continuously raised, when sampling is stopped, the first friction wheel 201a is controlled to be separated from the irregular friction driving wheel 102, then the irregular friction driving wheel 102 is controlled to reversely rotate, further the lifting frame 509 is controlled to descend, or when the irregular friction driving wheel 102 is separated from the second friction wheel 501, the second friction wheel 501 is manually controlled to rotate, so that the lifting frame 509 is controlled to be lowered.
The adsorption and collection device 3 comprises an upper cylinder 301, a lower cylinder 302, an exhaust pipe 303 with a one-way valve, an inserting seat 304, a sliding inserting plate 305, a limiting slide block 306, a cross bar 307, a compression spring 308 and a fixing block 309; the upper barrel 301 and the lower barrel 302 are detachably connected, an exhaust pipe 303 is arranged at the top of the upper barrel 301, and a plug-in socket 304 is arranged at the bottom of the lower barrel 302; one end of the sliding insertion plate 305 is in sliding fit in a horizontal slide way of the frame device 4, the other end of the sliding insertion plate 305 is inserted in the insertion seat 304, one end of the sliding insertion plate 305 is fixedly connected with the limiting slide block 306, and the limiting slide block 306 is in sliding fit in a limiting slide way of the frame device 4; the limiting slide block 306 is in sliding fit with the middle of the cross rod 307, one end of the cross rod 307 is fixed on the fixing block 309, the fixing block 309 is fixed on the frame device 4, the compression spring 308 is sleeved on the cross rod 307 between the fixing block 309 and the limiting slide block 306, and the fixing block 309 and the inserting seat 304 are located at two ends of the limiting slide block 306; a filter membrane is arranged in the upper cylinder body 301, and an adsorbent is arranged in the lower cylinder body 302; the sample delivery pipe 208 is hermetically fitted in the central through hole of the upper barrel 301, and the sample delivery pipe 208 penetrates through the central hole of the filter membrane and is inserted into the adsorbent of the lower barrel 302.
The collected gas enters the upper cylinder 301 and the lower cylinder 302 through the sample conveying pipe 208, volatile organic compounds in the gas are adsorbed by an adsorbent in the lower cylinder 302 and filtered by a filter membrane in the upper cylinder 301, the adsorbed and filtered gas is discharged through an exhaust pipe 303 with a one-way valve, analysis and detection are carried out through a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer or other monitoring equipment purchased in the market, and the concentration of the volatile organic compounds in the atmospheric environment at the position can be obtained by calculating according to the total volume of the gas sampled by the sampling device 2; the adsorption and collection device 3 can be conveniently installed on the frame device 4, during installation, the sample delivery pipe 208 is firstly controlled to be inserted into the upper barrel body 301 and the lower barrel body 302, the sample delivery pipe 208 plays a role in longitudinal limiting, then the sliding insertion plate 305 is controlled to be inserted into the insertion seat 304, the sliding insertion plate 305 plays a role in transverse limiting, so that the installation of the adsorption and collection device 3 is completed, the sliding insertion plate 305 keeps a state of being inserted into the insertion seat 304 under the elastic force action of the compression spring 308, and when the adsorption and collection device 3 needs to be disassembled, the sliding limiting slide block 306 drives the sliding insertion plate 305 to be separated from the insertion seat 304.
The sample conveying pipe 208 comprises a fixed transverse pipe 208a, a rotary vertical pipe 208b, a first belt pulley 208c, a second belt pulley 208d, a sliding conveying pipe 208e, a sliding disc 208f, a push-pull connecting rod 208g and an adjusting screw 208 h; an air outlet one-way valve is arranged on the fixed transverse pipe 208a, one end of the fixed transverse pipe 208a is connected with an air outlet hole of the detachable barrel cover 206, the other end of the fixed transverse pipe 208a is connected with the upper end of a rotary vertical pipe 208b in a sealing and rotating mode, the middle of the rotary vertical pipe 208b is matched with a central through hole of the upper barrel 301 in a sealing and rotating mode, and the lower end of the rotary vertical pipe 208b is inserted into the lower barrel 302; the first belt pulley 208c is fixed on the rotary standpipe 208b, the second belt pulley 208d is fixed on the bidirectional screw 508, and the first belt pulley 208c and the second belt pulley 208d are connected through a synchronous belt transmission; the lower end of the rotary vertical pipe 208b is uniformly matched with four sliding conveying pipes 208e in a surrounding sliding manner, the inner ends of the sliding conveying pipes 208e are respectively connected with one end of a push-pull connecting rod 208g in a rotating manner, the other ends of the four push-pull connecting rods 208g are matched on a sliding disc 208f in a rotating manner, the sliding disc 208f is matched in the rotary vertical pipe 208b in a sealing and sliding manner, and the sliding disc 208f is positioned below the sliding conveying pipes 208 e; the top of the adjusting screw 208h is rotatably connected with the center of the sliding disk 208f, and the middle part of the adjusting screw 208h is in threaded fit with the bottom surface of the rotary standpipe 208 b.
The sample conveying pipe 208 can play a role in gas conveying and a role in mixing and stirring; the gas can be conveyed into the lower cylinder 302 through the fixed transverse pipe 208a, the rotary vertical pipe 208b and the sliding conveying pipe 208e and is mixed with the adsorbent in the lower cylinder 302, the second belt pulley 208d can be driven by the bidirectional screw 508 to rotate so as to drive the first belt pulley 208c to rotate, the first belt pulley 208c drives the rotary vertical pipe 208b to rotate, the sliding conveying pipe 208e at the lower end of the rotary vertical pipe 208b can extend outwards to the outer side of the rotary vertical pipe 208b, so that the adsorbent and the gas are mixed and stirred while the gas is conveyed through the sliding conveying pipe 208e, and the adsorption effect is improved; the position of the sliding conveying pipe 208e is adjusted by the adjusting screw 208h, the contact position between the sliding conveying pipe 208e and the bottom surface of the rotary vertical pipe 208b can be changed when the adjusting screw 208h is rotated, so that the sliding disc 208f is driven to slide up and down in the rotary vertical pipe 208b, the sliding disc 208f drives the four sliding conveying pipes 208e to slide inside and outside in the four slide ways of the rotary vertical pipe 208b through the four push-pull connecting rods 208g, so that the sliding conveying pipe is accommodated in the rotary vertical pipe 208b or extends out of the outer side of the rotary vertical pipe 208b, and during adjustment, the four sliding conveying pipes 208e are controlled not to be separated from the rotary vertical pipe 208b when moving inwards in the four slide ways of the rotary vertical pipe 208 b.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 1-13, the frame assembly 4 includes a frame body 401, road wheels 402, a lifting bracket 403, a guide riser 404, and a pillar 405; four corners of the frame body 401 are respectively connected with a walking wheel 402 in a rotating manner; the lifting support 403 is positioned on the inner side of the frame body 401, the lifting support 403 is in threaded fit with the lower end of the bidirectional screw 508, and four corners of the lifting support 403 are respectively provided with a pillar 405; the lower end of the guide vertical plate 404 is fixed on the lifting support 403, and the middle part of the guide vertical plate 404 is in sliding fit in the upper and lower through holes of the frame body 401. One end of the bidirectional screw 508 is a left-handed thread, the other end of the bidirectional screw 508 is a right-handed thread, when the bidirectional screw 508 rotates to drive the lifting rack 509 to ascend, the lifting support 403 can be synchronously driven to move downwards and be gradually supported on the ground, the distance between the lifting support 403 and the frame body 401 is gradually increased at the moment, the walking wheels 402 are controlled to be separated from the ground, the overall height of the frame device 4 is increased, the range of the environment gas which can be collected by the frame device is favorably expanded, the frame device can be positioned, and the stability of the frame device during sampling is improved; on the contrary, when the bidirectional screw 508 rotates to drive the lifting rack 509 to descend, the overall height of the frame device 4 is controlled to be reduced, and the travelling wheels 402 are gradually contacted with the ground, so that the overall movement of the invention is facilitated; the support columns 405 and the lifting support 403 can be connected in a threaded fit mode, so that the four support columns 405 can be conveniently adjusted when the ground is uneven, the stability of the frame body 401 is improved, the tensioning springs can be further sleeved on the support columns 405, the two ends of each tensioning spring are controlled to be located between the base of each support column 405 and the lifting support 403, and the relative stability of the support columns 405 and the lifting support 403 can be improved.
The principle is as follows: according to the automatic sampling and monitoring system for the volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, after the internal driving device 1 is started, the internal driving device 1 can intermittently drive the sampling device 2 to sample gas of an environment to be monitored, when the driving device 1 is in contact with the sampling device 2, the driving device drives the sampling device 2 to extract the gas of the environment to be monitored, when the driving device 1 is separated from the sampling device 2, the gas in the sampling device 2 can be conveyed into the adsorption and collection device 3 to be subjected to adsorption treatment, then the volatile organic compound sample collected by adsorption is detected through a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, and the concentration of the volatile organic compounds in the atmospheric environment at the position can be obtained by calculating according to the total volume of the gas sampled by the sampling device 2.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.
It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic sampling monitoring system of volatile organic compounds in atmosphere which characterized in that: comprises a driving device (1), a sampling device (2), an adsorption and collection device (3) and a frame device (4); the driving device (1) arranged on the frame device (4) is connected with the sampling device (2) in an intermittent transmission manner so as to drive the sampling device (2) to collect the gas of the environment to be monitored; the sampling device (2) arranged on the frame device (4) is matched and connected with the adsorption and collection device (3) so as to convey the collected gas into the adsorption and collection device (3) for adsorption and filtration; the adsorption and collection device (3) is connected to the frame device (4) and is connected with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer in a matching manner, so that the adsorption and filtration of volatile organic compounds are analyzed and monitored through the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.
2. The automatic sampling and monitoring system for volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving device (1) comprises a driving motor (101), an irregular friction driving wheel (102) and a stand (103); the driving motor (101) is fixed on the frame device (4) through the vertical frame (103), the irregular friction driving wheel (102) is fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor (101), and the irregular friction driving wheel (102) is connected with the sampling device (2) in an intermittent friction transmission mode.
3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the system comprises: the sampling device (2) comprises a first transmission assembly (201), a pressure pumping connecting rod (202), a pressure pumping disc (203), a reset tension spring (204), a sampling cylinder (205), a detachable cylinder cover (206), a sampling pipe (207) with an air inlet one-way valve and a sample conveying pipe (208) with an air outlet one-way valve; one end of the sampling cylinder (205) is a closed end, the other end of the sampling cylinder is an open end, the open end of the sampling cylinder (205) is connected with a detachable cylinder cover (206) in a matching way, a sampling pipe (207) and a sample conveying pipe (208) are arranged on the detachable cylinder cover (206), and the sample conveying pipe (208) is connected with the adsorption and collection device (3); the inner end of the pressure drawing connecting rod (202) is fixedly connected with a pressure drawing plate (203) which is in sealing sliding fit in the sampling cylinder (205), the middle part of the pressure drawing connecting rod (202) is in sliding fit at the closed end of the sampling cylinder (205), the outer end of the pressure drawing connecting rod (202) is in matching connection with a first transmission assembly (201), so that the pressure drawing plate (203) is driven to slide in the sampling cylinder (205) towards the direction far away from the detachable cylinder cover (206) under the transmission of the first transmission assembly (201), and gas of an environment to be monitored is drawn into the sampling cylinder (205) through a sampling pipe (207); two ends of the reset tension spring (204) are respectively and fixedly connected with the first transmission component (201) and the sampling cylinder (205).
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the system comprises: the first transmission assembly (201) comprises a first friction wheel (201a), a first linkage shaft (201b), a first bearing bracket (201c), a gear (201d), a rack (201e) and a linkage plate (201 f); the irregular friction transmission wheel (102) intermittently and frictionally transmits a first friction wheel (201 a); a first friction wheel (201a) and a gear (201d) are fixed on a first linkage shaft (201b), the first linkage shaft (201b) is in running fit with a first bearing frame (201c), and the first bearing frame (201c) is fixed on a sampling cylinder (205); the gear (201d) is meshed with a transmission rack (201e), and the rack (201e) is in sliding fit in a guide slide way on the outer side surface of the sampling cylinder (205) through a guide edge; one end of the rack (201e) is fixed with the linkage plate (201 f).
5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the system comprises: the first friction wheel (201a) comprises a first wheel body, a first screw rod and a positioning block; the irregular friction transmission wheel (102) is connected with a first wheel body in sliding fit with the first linkage shaft (201b) in an intermittent friction transmission mode, one end of a first screw rod is in running fit with the first wheel body, the other end of the first screw rod is in threaded fit with a positioning block, and the positioning block is fixed on the first wheel body.
6. The system according to claim 3, wherein the system comprises: also comprises a lifting transmission device (5); the sampling pipe (207) comprises a sampling nozzle (207a), a sliding vertical pipe (207b), a fixed vertical pipe (207c) and an air inlet transverse pipe (207 d); the sampling nozzle (207a) is fixed at the top of the sliding vertical pipe (207b), the bottom of the sliding vertical pipe (207b) is in sealing sliding fit in the fixed vertical pipe (207c), the bottom of the fixed vertical pipe (207c) is connected with one end of a transverse air inlet pipe (207d), the other end of the transverse air inlet pipe (207d) is connected in an air inlet hole of the detachable barrel cover (206), and the air inlet check valve is arranged on the transverse air inlet pipe (207 d); the top of the sliding vertical pipe (207b) is connected to one end of a lifting transmission device (5) in a matching mode, the lifting transmission device (5) is fixed to the frame device (4), the other end of the lifting transmission device (5) is connected with the irregular friction transmission wheel (102) in an intermittent friction transmission mode, and the sliding vertical pipe (207b) is driven to slide in the fixed vertical pipe (207c) under the transmission of the irregular friction transmission wheel (102).
7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the system comprises: the lifting transmission device (5) comprises a second friction wheel (501), a worm (502), a second bearing frame (503), a worm wheel (504), a short shaft (505), a driving belt wheel (506), a driven belt wheel (507), a bidirectional screw (508) and a lifting frame (509); the irregular friction transmission wheel (102) intermittently frictionally transmits a second friction wheel (501), the second friction wheel (501) is fixed at one end of a worm (502), the middle part of the worm (502) is rotationally matched on a second bearing frame (503), the second bearing frame (503) is fixed on the vertical frame (103), the other end of the worm (502) is meshed with a transmission worm wheel (504), the worm wheel (504) and a driving pulley (506) are fixed on a short shaft (505), and the short shaft (505) is rotationally matched on the second bearing frame (503); the driving belt wheel (506) is connected with a driven belt wheel (507) fixed on the top of the bidirectional screw rod (508) through a synchronous belt in a transmission way; the middle part of the two-way screw rod (508) is matched on the frame device (4) in a rotating way, one end of the lifting frame (509) is matched and connected at the upper end of the two-way screw rod (508), and the other end of the lifting frame (509) is matched and connected with the sliding vertical pipe (207 b).
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the system comprises: the adsorption and collection device (3) comprises an upper cylinder (301), a lower cylinder (302), an exhaust pipe (303) with a one-way valve, an inserting seat (304), a sliding inserting plate (305), a limiting slide block (306), a cross rod (307), a compression spring (308) and a fixing block (309); the upper cylinder (301) is detachably connected with the lower cylinder (302), the top of the upper cylinder (301) is provided with an exhaust pipe (303), and the bottom of the lower cylinder (302) is provided with a plug socket (304); one end of the sliding inserting plate (305) is in sliding fit in a horizontal slide way of the frame device (4), the other end of the sliding inserting plate (305) is inserted in the inserting seat (304), one end of the sliding inserting plate (305) is fixedly connected with the limiting slide block (306), and the limiting slide block (306) is in sliding fit in a limiting slide way of the frame device (4); the limiting sliding block (306) is in sliding fit with the middle of the cross rod (307), one end of the cross rod (307) is fixed on the fixing block (309), the fixing block (309) is fixed on the frame device (4), the compression spring (308) is sleeved on the cross rod (307) between the fixing block (309) and the limiting sliding block (306), and the fixing block (309) and the inserting seat (304) are located at two ends of the limiting sliding block (306); a filter membrane is arranged in the upper cylinder (301), and an adsorbent is arranged in the lower cylinder (302); the sample conveying pipe (208) is matched in a central through hole of the upper barrel body (301) in a sealing mode, and the sample conveying pipe (208) penetrates through the central hole of the filter membrane and is inserted into the adsorbent of the lower barrel body (302).
9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the system comprises: the sample conveying pipe (208) comprises a fixed transverse pipe (208a), a rotary vertical pipe (208b), a first belt wheel (208c), a second belt wheel (208d), a sliding conveying pipe (208e), a sliding disc (208f), a push-pull connecting rod (208g) and a regulating screw rod (208 h); an air outlet one-way valve is arranged on the fixed transverse pipe (208a), one end of the fixed transverse pipe (208a) is connected with an air outlet hole of the detachable barrel cover (206), the other end of the fixed transverse pipe (208a) is connected with the upper end of the rotary vertical pipe (208b) in a sealing and rotating mode, the middle of the rotary vertical pipe (208b) is matched with the central through hole of the upper barrel body (301) in a sealing and rotating mode, and the lower end of the rotary vertical pipe (208b) is inserted into the lower barrel body (302); the first belt wheel (208c) is fixed on the rotary vertical pipe (208b), the second belt wheel (208d) is fixed on the bidirectional screw (508), and the first belt wheel (208c) and the second belt wheel (208d) are connected through a synchronous belt; the lower end of the rotating vertical pipe (208b) is uniformly matched with four sliding conveying pipes (208e) in a surrounding sliding mode, the inner ends of the sliding conveying pipes (208e) are respectively connected with one end of a push-pull connecting rod (208g) in a rotating mode, the other ends of the four push-pull connecting rods (208g) are matched on a sliding disc (208f) in a rotating mode, the sliding disc (208f) is matched in the rotating vertical pipe (208b) in a sealing sliding mode, and the sliding disc (208f) is located below the sliding conveying pipes (208 e); the top of the regulating screw rod (208h) is rotationally connected with the center of the sliding disc (208f), and the middle part of the regulating screw rod (208h) is in threaded fit with the bottom surface of the rotary vertical pipe (208 b).
10. The system according to claim 7, wherein the system comprises: the frame device (4) comprises a frame body (401), a road wheel (402), a lifting support (403), a guide vertical plate (404) and a support column (405); four corners of the frame body (401) are respectively connected with a travelling wheel (402) in a rotating way; the lifting support (403) is positioned on the inner side of the frame body (401), the lifting support (403) is in threaded fit with the lower end of the bidirectional screw (508), and four corners of the lifting support (403) are respectively provided with a pillar (405); the lower end of the guide vertical plate (404) is fixed on the lifting support (403), and the middle part of the guide vertical plate (404) is in sliding fit in the upper through hole and the lower through hole of the frame body (401).
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