CN113433015A

CN113433015A - High-temperature and high-pressure environment erosion corrosion testing device

Info

Publication number: CN113433015A
Application number: CN202010206171.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 明洪亮; 王俭秋; 韩恩厚
Original assignee: Institute of Metal Research of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Metal Research of CAS
Priority date: 2020-03-23
Filing date: 2020-03-23
Publication date: 2021-09-24

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of erosion corrosion testing, in particular to an erosion corrosion testing device in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, which solves the problem that the erosion corrosion testing in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment is difficult to carry out. The device is characterized in that a stand column I and a stand column II are oppositely arranged on a base, an autoclave is arranged between the stand column I and the stand column II, an upper autoclave cover is adopted by the autoclave, a lower autoclave cover and an autoclave body top-down vertical structure are connected, a disc, a sample clamp, a sample and a clamp fixing rod are arranged in the autoclave body, a reference electrode seat, a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode seat and a thermocouple mounting seat are arranged on the upper autoclave cover, a transmission rod is arranged on the lower autoclave cover, the transmission rod is connected with the disc, the clamp fixing rod is arranged on the disc, a sample clamp is arranged on the clamp fixing rod, the sample is arranged on the sample clamp, the disc drives the sample on the clamp fixing rod to rotate, so that the sample and a medium in the autoclave realize relative motion, and a scouring corrosion experiment of the material in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment can be realized.

Description

High-temperature and high-pressure environment erosion corrosion testing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of erosion corrosion testing, in particular to an erosion corrosion testing device in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment.

Background

Erosion corrosion is a very common form of corrosion failure and is found in a wide variety of industrial environments. The invention mainly aims at the erosion corrosion test or related research work under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment. The study of erosion corrosion in pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants and supercritical carbon dioxide power generation systems is two typical cases. Such as: in high-temperature and high-pressure water (285-325 ℃ and 8.5-15.5 MPa) of a first loop and a second loop of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station, obvious scouring corrosion phenomena occur at parts such as certain flow passage components, elbows, bent (according to the flow direction) straight pipes, valve-rear (according to the flow direction) straight pipes, reducer pipes, three-way pipe pipelines and the like. For another example, in a high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide (650 ℃, 7.3-30 MPa) power generation system, some parts can also have a severe erosion corrosion phenomenon. Erosion corrosion is different from uniform corrosion and is a local corrosion phenomenon, and an erosion corrosion test is very important for service safety evaluation of key parts of various engineering equipment.

In recent years, with the vigorous construction of nuclear power stations in China and the continuous and deep research on supercritical carbon dioxide power generation technology, the erosion corrosion behavior of key components is known, so that the method has important engineering significance for service safety evaluation and service life prediction of the key components, and also has important guiding significance for material selection, research and development of new materials and the like. The development of a technology for testing erosion corrosion by multiple samples, multiple line speeds and multiple impact angles is a trend and an effort direction on the premise of accurately controlling various key test parameters.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device capable of carrying out erosion corrosion test under the conditions that multiple samples, multiple line speeds, multiple impact angles and the like can be met simultaneously in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, so that the problem that the erosion corrosion test is difficult to carry out in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment (such as high-temperature and high-pressure water, high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide and the like) is solved, and the testing efficiency of the erosion corrosion can be greatly improved.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a high-temperature and high-pressure environment scouring corrosion testing device is characterized in that a base of the device is relatively provided with an upright post I and an upright post II, an autoclave is arranged between the upright post I and the upright post II, the autoclave is vertically connected with an autoclave upper kettle cover, an autoclave lower kettle cover and an autoclave kettle body from top to bottom, a disc, a sample clamp, a sample and a clamp fixing rod are arranged inside the autoclave kettle body, the autoclave upper kettle cover is provided with a reference electrode seat, a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode seat and a thermocouple mounting seat, the autoclave lower kettle cover is provided with a transmission rod, the transmission rod is connected with the disc, the disc is provided with the clamp fixing rod, the clamp fixing rod is provided with the sample clamp, and the sample clamp is provided with the sample; the upper ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode are connected with the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode seat, the lower ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode extend into the autoclave body, and the upper ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode respectively penetrate through the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode seat through leads and are led out to an electrochemical workstation; the upper end of the reference electrode is connected with a reference electrode seat, the lower end of the reference electrode extends into the autoclave body, and the upper end of the reference electrode passes through the reference electrode seat through a lead and is led out to an electrochemical workstation; the upper end of the thermocouple is connected with the thermocouple mounting seat, the lower end of the thermocouple extends into the autoclave body, and the upper end of the thermocouple penetrates through the thermocouple mounting seat through a lead and is led out to the temperature controller.

According to the high-temperature and high-pressure environment scouring corrosion testing device, the autoclave upper cover and the autoclave body are connected through the upper fastening bolt, the autoclave body and the autoclave lower cover are connected through the lower fastening bolt, and a closed space is formed among the autoclave upper cover, the autoclave body and the autoclave lower cover.

The device comprises a device base, a motor support seat, a high-temperature and high-pressure environment erosion corrosion testing device, a motor, a disc, a driving rod, a disc and a sealing ring, wherein the motor support seat is arranged below a high-pressure kettle, the motor is arranged on the motor support seat, the center of a lower kettle cover of the high-pressure kettle is provided with a through hole, the driving rod connected to the motor extends into the high-pressure kettle through the through hole and penetrates through a disc through hole in the center of the disc horizontally arranged at the lower part in the high-pressure kettle, the upper part of the driving rod is provided with an external thread, the part of the driving rod below the disc is provided with the fastening nut I, the part of the driving rod above the disc is provided with the fastening nut II and; and threaded holes which take the center of the disc as a symmetrical point are formed in the disc at different distances from the center of the disc, threads are machined in the lower part of the fixture fixing rod, the lower part of the fixture fixing rod is connected with the disc through the threaded holes, and a fastening nut IV is additionally arranged on the part, located above the disc, of the fixture fixing rod, so that the fixture fixing rod is rigidly fixed.

The high-temperature high-pressure environment erosion corrosion testing device is characterized in that a sample clamp is arranged on each clamp fixing rod, one end of each sample clamp is sleeved on the clamp fixing rod through a clamp mounting hole, a threaded hole which is vertically communicated with the clamp mounting hole is formed in the side face of the clamp, the other end of each sample clamp is a frame-shaped part with an opening on the side face, a sample is arranged in the frame-shaped part, an upper threaded hole and a lower threaded hole are vertically formed in the upper part and the lower part of the frame-shaped part respectively, the upper part and the lower part of the sample correspond to the upper threaded hole and the lower threaded hole respectively, one end of a sample fastening screw I which is arranged in the upper threaded hole in a penetrating mode is in top contact with the upper end of the sample, one end of a sample fastening screw II which is arranged in the lower threaded hole in top contact with the lower end of the sample, the sample is fixed on the sample clamp through the sample fastening screw I and the sample fastening screw II, and the joint of each sample clamp and the clamp fixing rod is fixed through a threaded hole mounting clamp fastening screw, the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the disc through the transmission rod, and the disc drives the sample on the fixture fixing rod to rotate, so that the sample and the medium in the autoclave realize relative motion, and the erosion corrosion experiment condition is formed.

According to the erosion corrosion testing device in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment, the sample is a flaky erosion corrosion sample, and the angle between the sample and the sample clamp is adjustable, so that erosion corrosion tests with different impact angles are realized; 3 sample clamps are installed on each clamp fixing rod at most simultaneously, namely 3 samples are installed on each clamp fixing rod at most simultaneously, and therefore the erosion corrosion test of multiple samples is achieved simultaneously.

High temperature high pressure environment erode corrosion test device, one side of autoclave upper kettle cover links to each other with rotating slider III, the top of stand II sets up the rotating circular disc II of being connected with screw in the stand II, drives the lead screw in the stand II through rotating circular disc II and rotates, drives the upper kettle cover up-and-down motion of autoclave through rotating slider III, when the upper kettle cover upward movement of autoclave breaks away from the autoclave body, the upper kettle cover of autoclave carries out the level through rotating slider III and rotates.

According to the high-temperature and high-pressure environment erosion corrosion testing device, one side of the autoclave body is connected with a rotating slide block I and a rotating slide block II through connecting rods from top to bottom, and the rotating slide block I and the rotating slide block II are in transmission connection with a lead screw in an upright post I through the connecting rods respectively to form a lead screw slide block transmission mechanism; the top of the upright post I is provided with a rotary disc I connected with a screw rod in the upright post I, the rotary disc I drives a screw rod in the upright post I to rotate, so that the autoclave body is driven to move up and down through a rotary slide block I and a rotary slide block II, and when the autoclave body is separated from an upper autoclave cover and a lower autoclave cover, the autoclave body horizontally rotates through the rotary slide block I11 and the rotary slide block II; two sides of the autoclave lower cover are respectively connected with the sliding block I and the sliding block II through connecting rods, so that the autoclave lower cover is fixed in position and can move up and down.

In the high-temperature and high-pressure environment scouring corrosion testing device, a heating wire and an external heat-insulating layer are arranged on the outer side of the autoclave body; an exhaust or drainage pipe penetrates through the upper kettle cover of the high-pressure kettle, and an exhaust or drainage valve, a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge and a safety valve are arranged on the exhaust or drainage pipe; an air inlet or water inlet pipe is arranged on the autoclave lower cover in a penetrating way, and an air inlet or water inlet valve is arranged on the air inlet or water inlet pipe.

According to the erosion corrosion testing device in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment, the disc, the clamp fixing rod and the sample clamp are made of stainless steel, nickel-based alloy or zirconium alloy, and the clamp fixing rod, the disc and the test clamp are guaranteed to have enough rigidity in the erosion corrosion process; insulation between specimen and specimen holder, using ZrO coating₂Insulating in the form of a Zr-4 alloy insulating spacer.

The high-temperature high-pressure environment erosion corrosion testing device also comprises a signal acquisition processing control system, wherein a temperature display, a temperature controller, a pressure display, a control panel switch and an emergency switch are arranged on a control panel of the signal acquisition processing control system; the thermocouple is connected with a temperature controller through a lead, and the temperature controller is connected with a temperature display, an overtemperature alarm indicator lamp and a low-temperature alarm indicator lamp; the pressure sensor is connected with a pressure display through a lead, and the pressure display is connected with an overpressure alarm indicator lamp and a low-pressure alarm indicator lamp; each controller and the regulator are respectively connected to a relay in the control cabinet, the relays are connected with a thermocouple through a lead, and a heating power switch and a heating indicator lamp are arranged on the lead to form an over-temperature, low-temperature, over-pressure and low-pressure power-off protection structure.

The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

1. the device can perform the erosion corrosion test under the conditions that multiple samples, multiple line speeds, multiple impact angles and the like can be met simultaneously in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, not only solves the problem that the erosion corrosion test is difficult to perform in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment (such as high-temperature and high-pressure water, high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide and the like), but also can greatly improve the testing efficiency of the erosion corrosion.

2. According to the invention, the sample fastening screws are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the sample simultaneously, the sample clamp and the clamp fixing rod are fastened through the clamp fixing screws, and the clamp fixing rod and the disc are fastened through a threaded connection and fastening nut, so that the clamping is reliable, the fastening effect is good, and the installation is simple and convenient.

3. The invention can be used for erosion corrosion test, and can also be used for corrosion electrochemical test by matching with corresponding reference electrode, auxiliary electrode, electrochemical workstation and the like.

4. The high-pressure kettle adopts a three-section split design (the upper kettle cover of the high-pressure kettle, the kettle body of the high-pressure kettle and the lower kettle cover of the high-pressure kettle), so that the disassembly and the installation of a sample and a clamp are convenient, the design is ingenious, and the operation is convenient.

5. The sample clamp is simple and ingenious in design and simple and convenient to operate, and easily meets the requirements of multiple samples, multiple line speeds and multiple impact angles.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a erosion-corrosion testing apparatus in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment. In the figure, 1 rotates a disc I; 2, a column I; 3 reference electrode holder; 4 a pressure sensor; 5, a pressure gauge; 6, a safety valve; 7 exhaust or drain valves; 8 exhaust or drain pipes; 9, fastening a bolt; 10, putting the autoclave cover on the autoclave; 11 rotating the sliding block I; 12 an insulating layer; 13 heating wires; 14, an autoclave body; 15 rotating the sliding block II; 16 sliding blocks I; 17, covering the lower kettle of the high-pressure kettle; 18 lower fastening bolts; 19 a transmission rod; 20 motor; 21 motor supporting seat; 22 a device base; 23 intake or water inlet valves; 24 intake or intake pipes; 25, a sliding block II; 26 fastening the nut I; 27 disks; 28 clamp securing rods; 29 rotating the slide block III; 30 working electrode and auxiliary electrode holder; 31 column II; 32 rotating the disc II; 33 fastening the nut II; 34 fastening the nut III; 58 thermocouple mount.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner disk of the autoclave. In the figure, 35 the threaded hole; 36 disc through holes; the nut IV is tightened 37.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the internal clamp of the autoclave. In the figure, 27 disks; 28 clamp securing rods; 36 disc through holes; 37 fastening the nut IV; 38 specimen fastening screw I; 39, sample; 40 sample clamp; 41 sample fastening screw II; the clamp 42 secures the screw.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a sample holder structure. Wherein, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a side view. In the figure, 40 specimen holders; 59 jig mounting holes; 60 a frame-shaped portion; 61, a threaded hole; 62, a threaded hole; 63 and a lower threaded hole.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal acquisition processing control system. In the figure, 43 a control panel; 44 motor rotation setter; 45 motor running switch; 46 motor running indicator light; 47 control panel switches; 48 an emergency switch; 49 low-voltage alarm indicator light; a 50 pressure display; 51 overpressure alarm indicator lamps; 52 low temperature alarm indicator lights; 53 temperature display; 54 heating the power switch; 55 a heating indicator light; 56 overtemperature alarm indicator lights; 57 a temperature controller.

Detailed Description

In the specific implementation process, the high-temperature high-pressure environment erosion corrosion testing device mainly comprises an autoclave (an autoclave body, an autoclave upper cover and an autoclave lower cover), a motor, a disc, a clamp fixing rod, a sample clamp, a device base, an upright post, a signal acquisition processing control system and the like, can be used for carrying out erosion corrosion testing under the conditions that multiple samples, multiple line speeds, multiple impact angles and the like are met simultaneously in the high-temperature high-pressure environment, and greatly improves the testing efficiency of erosion corrosion.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the erosion corrosion testing apparatus for high temperature and high pressure environment of the present invention mainly comprises: a rotary disk I1, a column I2, a reference electrode seat 3, a pressure sensor 4, a pressure gauge 5, a safety valve 6, an exhaust or drainage valve 7, an exhaust or drainage pipe 8, an upper fastening bolt 9, an autoclave upper kettle cover 10, a rotary slide block I11, a heat-insulating layer 12, an electric heating wire 13, an autoclave body 14, a rotary slide block II 15, a slide block I16, an autoclave lower kettle cover 17, a lower fastening bolt 18, a transmission rod 19, a motor 20, a motor support seat 21, a device base 22, an air inlet or water inlet valve 23, an air inlet or water inlet pipe 24, a slide block II 25, a fastening nut I26, a disk 27, a clamp fixing rod 28, a rotary slide block III 29, a working electrode and auxiliary electrode seat 30, a column II 31, a rotary disk II 32, a fastening nut II 33, a fastening nut III 34, a threaded hole 35, a disk through hole 36, a fastening nut IV 37, a sample fastening screw I38, The device comprises a sample 39, a sample clamp 40, a sample fastening screw II 41, a clamp fixing screw 42, a control panel 43, a motor rotation setter 44, a motor operation switch 45, a motor operation indicator lamp 46, a control panel switch 47, an emergency switch 48, a low-voltage alarm indicator lamp 49, a pressure display 50, an overpressure alarm indicator lamp 51, a low-temperature alarm indicator lamp 52, a temperature display 53, a heating power switch 54, a heating indicator lamp 55, an overtemperature alarm indicator lamp 56, a temperature controller 57, a thermocouple mounting seat 58 and the like, and has the following specific structure:

the device comprises a device base 22, a stand column I2 and a stand column II 31 which are oppositely arranged, wherein a high-pressure kettle is arranged between the stand column I2 and the stand column II 31, the high-pressure kettle adopts an upper high-pressure kettle cover 10, a lower high-pressure kettle cover 17 and a high-pressure kettle body 14 which are vertically connected from top to bottom, a disc 27, a sample clamp 40, a sample 39 and a clamp fixing rod 28 are arranged in the high-pressure kettle body 14, a reference electrode seat 3, a working electrode and auxiliary electrode seat 30 and a thermocouple mounting seat 58 are arranged on the upper high-pressure kettle cover 10, a transmission rod 19 is arranged on the lower high-pressure kettle cover 17, the transmission rod 19 is connected with the disc 27, the clamp fixing rod 28 is arranged on the disc 27, a; the upper ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode are connected with the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode holder 30, the lower ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode extend into the autoclave body 14, and the upper ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode respectively pass through the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode holder 30 through leads and are led out to an electrochemical workstation; the upper end of the reference electrode is connected with the reference electrode seat 3, the lower end of the reference electrode extends into the autoclave body 14, and the upper end of the reference electrode passes through the reference electrode seat 3 through a lead and is led out to the electrochemical workstation. The upper end of the thermocouple is connected with the thermocouple mounting base 58, the lower end of the thermocouple extends into the autoclave body 14, and the upper end of the thermocouple passes through the thermocouple mounting base 58 through a lead and is led out to the temperature controller 57.

The autoclave upper cover 10 is connected with the autoclave body 14 through an upper fastening bolt 9, the autoclave body 14 is connected with the autoclave lower cover 17 through a lower fastening bolt 18, and a closed space is formed among the autoclave upper cover 10, the autoclave body 14 and the autoclave lower cover 17 to maintain a high-temperature and high-pressure environment; a motor supporting seat 21 is arranged on a device base 22 and is arranged below the autoclave, a motor 20 is arranged on the motor supporting seat 21, a through hole is formed in the center of the autoclave lower cover 17, a transmission rod 19 connected to the motor 20 extends into the autoclave through the through hole and penetrates through a disc through hole 36 in the center of a disc 27 horizontally arranged at the lower part in the autoclave, an external thread is arranged at the upper part of the transmission rod 19, a fastening nut I26 is arranged at the part of the transmission rod 19, which is positioned below the disc 27, a fastening nut II 33 and a fastening nut III 34 are arranged at the part of the transmission rod 19, which is positioned above the disc 27, the transmission rod 19 and the disc 27 in the autoclave are fastened and connected through the fastening nut I26, the fastening nut II 33 and the fastening nut III 34, and the transmission rod 19 and the through hole of the autoclave lower cover 17 are sealed through a sealing ring; set up on the disc 27 apart from disc 27 center on the different distance and use disc 27 center as the screw hole 35 of symmetry point, anchor clamps dead lever 28 lower part processing screw thread, anchor clamps dead lever 28 lower part is connected through screw hole 35 with disc 27, and the screw thread rotation that gets into anchor clamps dead lever 28 lower part gets into screw hole 35 on disc 27 to install fastening nut IV 37 additional in the part that anchor clamps dead lever 28 is located disc 27 above, thereby realize anchor clamps dead lever 28's rigid fastening. The disc 27 can be provided with at most 16 fixture fixing rods 28, the fixture fixing rods 28 have different distances from the center of the disc 27, and the linear velocities are different during rotation, so that the linear velocities of the samples 39 in the same group of test processes can be different.

Each clamp fixing rod 28 is provided with a sample clamp 40, one end of the sample clamp 40 is sleeved on the clamp fixing rod 28 through a clamp mounting hole 59, the end side surface of the clamp fixing rod is provided with a threaded hole 61 vertically communicated with the clamp mounting hole 59, the other end of the sample clamp 40 is a frame-shaped part 60 with an opening side surface, the sample 39 is arranged in the frame-shaped part 60, the upper part and the lower part of the frame-shaped part 60 are respectively provided with an upper threaded hole 62 and a lower threaded hole 63 along the vertical direction, the upper part and the lower part of the sample 39 respectively correspond to the upper threaded hole 62 and the lower threaded hole 63, one end of a sample fastening screw I38 penetrating through the upper threaded hole 62 is in abutting contact with the upper end of the sample 39, one end of a sample fastening screw II 41 penetrating through the lower threaded hole 63 is in abutting contact with the lower end of the sample 39, so that the sample 39 is fixed on the sample clamp 40 through the sample fastening screw I38 and a sample fastening screw II 41, and the joint of each sample clamp 40 and the clamp fixing rod 28 is fixed through the threaded hole 61 and a clamp fastening screw 42, the rotation of the motor 20 is transmitted to the disc 27 through the transmission rod 19, and the disc 27 drives the sample 39 on the clamp fixing rod 28 to rotate, so that the sample 39 and the medium in the autoclave realize relative motion, and the erosion corrosion experiment condition is formed. Wherein, the sample 39 is a sheet-shaped erosion corrosion sample, and the angle between the sample 39 and the sample clamp 40 is adjustable, so as to realize erosion corrosion tests with different impact angles. At most 3 sample clamps 40 can be simultaneously installed on each clamp fixing rod 28, namely 3 samples 39 can be installed, and the erosion corrosion test of multiple samples can be simultaneously carried out.

One side of autoclave upper cover 10 links to each other with rotating slider III 29, and the top of stand II 31 sets up the rotating circular disc II 32 of being connected with screw in the stand II 31, drives the lead screw in the stand II 31 through rotating circular disc II 32 and rotates to through rotating slider III 29 drive autoclave upper cover 10 up-and-down motion, when autoclave upper cover 10 upwards moves and breaks away from autoclave body 14, autoclave upper cover 10 also can carry out the horizontal rotation through rotating slider III 29.

One side of the autoclave body 14 is connected with a rotating slide block I11 and a rotating slide block II 15 through connecting rods from top to bottom, and the rotating slide block I11 and the rotating slide block II 15 are respectively in transmission connection with a lead screw in the upright post I2 through the connecting rods to form a lead screw slide block transmission mechanism; the top of the upright post I2 is provided with a rotary disk I1 connected with a lead screw in the upright post I2, the lead screw in the upright post I2 is driven to rotate through a rotary disk I1, so that the autoclave body 14 is driven to move up and down through a rotary slide block I11 and a rotary slide block II 15, and when the autoclave body 14 is separated from the autoclave upper cover 10 and the autoclave lower cover 17, the autoclave body 14 can also horizontally rotate through the rotary slide block I11 and the rotary slide block II 15. Two sides of the autoclave lower cover 17 are respectively connected with the slide block I16 and the slide block II 25 through connecting rods, so that the position fixation and the up-and-down movement of the autoclave lower cover 17 are realized.

The outer side of the autoclave body 14 is provided with an electric heating wire 13 and an external heat-insulating layer 12; an exhaust or drain pipe 8 penetrates through an upper kettle cover 10 of the high-pressure kettle, and an exhaust or drain valve 7, a pressure sensor 4, a pressure gauge 5 and a safety valve 6 are arranged on the exhaust or drain pipe 8; an air inlet or water inlet pipe 24 is arranged on the autoclave lower cover 17 in a penetrating way, and an air inlet or water inlet valve 23 is arranged on the air inlet or water inlet pipe 24.

In the invention, the parts in the autoclave, such as the disk 27, the fixture fixing rod 28, the sample fixture 40 and the like, should be processed by high-temperature corrosion resistant materials, such as stainless steel, nickel-based alloy or zirconium alloy, and the like, and it is necessary to ensure that the fixture fixing rod 28, the disk 27 and the test fixture 40 have sufficient rigidity in the erosion corrosion process and ensure that the sample 39 does not collide with the inner wall of the autoclave body 14 due to the deformation of the fixtures in the test process. Insulation between the sample 39 and the sample holder 40, preferably ZrO coated₂Insulating in the form of a Zr-4 alloy insulating spacer.

As shown in fig. 5, the erosion corrosion testing device in high-temperature and high-pressure environment may further include a signal acquisition processing control system, the signal acquisition processing control system is configured with a motor rotation setter 44, a motor operation switch 45, a motor operation indicator 46, a control panel switch 47, an emergency switch 48, a low-pressure alarm indicator 49, a pressure display 50, an overpressure alarm indicator 51, a low-temperature alarm indicator 52, a temperature display 53, a heating power switch 54, a heating indicator 55, an overtemperature alarm indicator 56, and a temperature controller 57 on the control panel 43, and the specific structure is as follows:

the control panel 43 is provided with temperature and pressure display and regulator, such as: temperature display 53, temperature controller 57, pressure display 50, etc.; a control panel switch 47 and an emergency switch 48 which are connected with a power supply are arranged on the control panel 43, the control panel switch 47 controls the on-off of the testing device, and the emergency switch 48 can carry out emergency stop on the testing device under emergency conditions; the motor 20 is connected with a motor rotation setter 44 through a lead, the rotation of the motor 20 in the test process is set and controlled by the motor rotation setter 44, and the motor rotation setter 44 is connected with a motor operation switch 45 and a motor operation indicator lamp 46; the thermocouple is connected with a temperature controller 57 through a lead, and the temperature controller 57 is connected with a temperature display 53, an overtemperature alarm indicator lamp 56 and a low-temperature alarm indicator lamp 52; the pressure sensor 4 is connected with a pressure display 50 through a lead, and the pressure display 50 is connected with an overpressure alarm indicator lamp 51 and a low-pressure alarm indicator lamp 49; the controllers and the regulators are respectively connected to a relay in the control cabinet, the relay is connected with the electric heating wire 13 through a lead, and a heating power switch 54 and a heating indicator lamp 55 are arranged on the lead to form an over-temperature, low-temperature, over-pressure and low-pressure power-off protection structure.

The high-pressure autoclave is externally provided with a standard interface, and can be connected with a high-temperature high-pressure water circulating corrosion test system (see Chinese invention patent with publication number: CN102401780A, publication date: 2012-04-04; Chinese utility model patent with publication number: CN201852774U, publication date: 2011-06-01) or a high-temperature high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide system with an automatic control function through the clamping sleeve, so that the medium environment in the high-pressure autoclave can be accurately controlled.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the use method of the erosion corrosion testing device in high-temperature and high-pressure environment of the invention is as follows:

1. the upper fastening bolt 9 and the lower fastening bolt 18 are unscrewed, the rotating disc II 32 is rotated to drive the screw rod in the upright post II 31 to rotate, so that the autoclave upper cover 10 is driven to ascend by rotating the slide block III 29, the rotating disc I1 is rotated to drive the screw rod in the upright post I2 to rotate, and the autoclave body 14 is driven to ascend by rotating the slide block I11 and the rotating slide block II 15. When the autoclave body 14 is higher than the upper edges of the jig fixing bars 28, the autoclave body 14 is horizontally rotated to expose the inside jigs of the autoclave.

2. The sample 39 is mounted in the sample clamp 40 by the sample fastening screw I38 and the sample fastening screw II 41, the angle between the sample 39 and the sample clamp 40 can be adjusted according to the test requirements, and the sample clamp 40 is fixed on the clamp fixing rod 28 by the clamp fixing screw 42.

3. The jig fixing rod 28 is mounted on the disc 27 and fastened by a fastening nut IV 37.

4. After all the samples 39, the sample holders 40 and the holder fixing rods 28 are mounted on the disc 27, the disc 27 is mounted on the top end of the transmission rod 19 and is fastened and connected by the fastening nuts I26, II 33 and III 34.

5. The rotating disk I1 and the rotating disk II 32 are sequentially rotated to restore the autoclave body 14 and the autoclave upper cover 10 to the original positions, and the connection is performed by the upper fastening bolt 9 and the lower fastening bolt 18.

6. The autoclave is filled with a solution (if the test medium is high temperature and high pressure water) with the volume of 1/2-2/3 of the autoclave volume through an air inlet or water inlet pipe 24 and an air inlet or water inlet valve 23, or the test medium corresponding to the volume of the autoclave volume is filled through a high temperature and high pressure water circulating corrosion test system or high temperature and high pressure supercritical carbon dioxide.

7. The control panel switch 47 is turned on to set the target heating temperature of the temperature controller 57 and the corresponding over-temperature alarm limit temperature.

8. And (4) opening a heating power switch 54 to heat the autoclave, and setting corresponding low-temperature alarm limiting temperature and low-pressure alarm limiting pressure after the temperature reaches a set value.

9. After the heat is preserved for a certain time according to the experimental requirements, the relative speed of the sample and the medium in the erosion corrosion is controlled by the motor rotation setter 44 according to the test requirements, and the motor operation switch 45 is turned on.

10. And after the erosion corrosion test is finished, the motor running switch 45 and the heating power switch 54 are sequentially closed, and when the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, the high-pressure kettle is opened to take out the sample 39.

The result shows that the linear velocity (the accompanying velocity between the sample and the medium) of the sample in the erosion corrosion test is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the fixture fixing rod and the center of the disc, and the impact angle is adjusted by adjusting the angle between the sample and the sample fixture. The signal acquisition processing control system can accurately record and/or adjust the temperature and pressure of the medium in the autoclave. The invention detects the electrochemical signal on the surface of the sample by the working electrode, the auxiliary electrode and the reference electrode which are arranged on the upper kettle cover of the high-pressure kettle and matched with the electrochemical workstation. The testing device supports the simultaneous erosion corrosion tests of multiple samples, multiple line speeds, multiple impact angles and the like.

Claims

1. A high-temperature and high-pressure environment scouring corrosion testing device is characterized in that a base of the device is relatively provided with an upright post I and an upright post II, an autoclave is arranged between the upright post I and the upright post II, the autoclave is vertically connected with an autoclave upper kettle cover, an autoclave lower kettle cover and an autoclave kettle body from top to bottom, a disc, a sample clamp, a sample and a clamp fixing rod are arranged inside the autoclave kettle body, a reference electrode seat, a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode seat and a thermocouple mounting seat are arranged on the autoclave upper kettle cover, a transmission rod is arranged on the autoclave lower kettle cover and connected with the disc, the disc is provided with the clamp fixing rod, the clamp fixing rod is provided with the sample clamp, and the sample clamp is provided with the sample; the upper ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode are connected with the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode seat, the lower ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode extend into the autoclave body, and the upper ends of the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode respectively penetrate through the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode seat through leads and are led out to an electrochemical workstation; the upper end of the reference electrode is connected with a reference electrode seat, the lower end of the reference electrode extends into the autoclave body, and the upper end of the reference electrode passes through the reference electrode seat through a lead and is led out to an electrochemical workstation; the upper end of the thermocouple is connected with the thermocouple mounting seat, the lower end of the thermocouple extends into the autoclave body, and the upper end of the thermocouple penetrates through the thermocouple mounting seat through a lead and is led out to the temperature controller.

2. The apparatus for testing erosion corrosion in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to claim 1, wherein the upper cover of the autoclave and the autoclave body are connected by upper fastening bolts, the autoclave body and the lower cover of the autoclave are connected by lower fastening bolts, and a closed space is formed between the upper cover of the autoclave, the autoclave body and the lower cover of the autoclave.

3. The apparatus for testing erosion corrosion in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to claim 1, wherein a motor support is provided on a base of the apparatus and is disposed below the autoclave, the motor is mounted on the motor support, a through hole is provided in the center of the lower cover of the autoclave, a transmission rod connected to the motor extends into the autoclave through the through hole and passes through a disc through hole horizontally provided in the center of the disc at the lower portion of the autoclave, an external thread is provided on the upper portion of the transmission rod, a fastening nut I is provided on the portion of the transmission rod located below the disc, a fastening nut II and a fastening nut III are provided on the portion of the transmission rod located above the disc, the transmission rod and the disc in the autoclave are fastened and connected through the fastening nut I, the fastening nut II and the fastening nut III, and the transmission rod and the autoclave lower cover through hole are sealed by a seal ring; and threaded holes which take the center of the disc as a symmetrical point are formed in the disc at different distances from the center of the disc, threads are machined in the lower part of the fixture fixing rod, the lower part of the fixture fixing rod is connected with the disc through the threaded holes, and a fastening nut IV is additionally arranged on the part, located above the disc, of the fixture fixing rod, so that the fixture fixing rod is rigidly fixed.

4. The erosion corrosion test apparatus for high temperature and high pressure environment according to claim 1, wherein each fixture fixing rod is provided with a sample fixture, one end of the sample fixture is sleeved on the fixture fixing rod through a fixture mounting hole, the end face of the fixture fixing rod is provided with a threaded hole vertically communicated with the fixture mounting hole, the other end of the sample fixture is a frame-shaped part with an opening on the side, the sample is arranged in the frame-shaped part, the upper and lower parts of the frame-shaped part are respectively provided with an upper threaded hole and a lower threaded hole vertically, the upper and lower parts of the sample correspond to the upper and lower threaded holes, one end of a sample fastening screw I penetrating through the upper threaded hole is in abutting contact with the upper end of the sample, one end of a sample fastening screw II penetrating through the lower threaded hole is in abutting contact with the lower end of the sample, so that the sample is fixed on the sample fixture through the sample fastening screw I and the sample fastening screw II, and the joint of each sample fixture and the fixture fixing rod is fixed through the threaded hole mounting fixture fastening screw, the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the disc through the transmission rod, and the disc drives the sample on the fixture fixing rod to rotate, so that the sample and the medium in the autoclave realize relative motion, and the erosion corrosion experiment condition is formed.

5. The erosion corrosion test device in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to claim 4, wherein the sample is a sheet erosion corrosion sample, and the angle between the sample and the sample clamp is adjustable, so that erosion corrosion tests with different impact angles are realized; 3 sample clamps are installed on each clamp fixing rod at most simultaneously, namely 3 samples are installed on each clamp fixing rod at most simultaneously, and therefore the erosion corrosion test of multiple samples is achieved simultaneously.

6. The apparatus for testing erosion corrosion in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to claim 1, wherein one side of the autoclave upper cover is connected to a rotating slide block III, a rotating disc II connected to a screw rod in the column II is provided at the top of the column II, the screw rod in the column II is driven to rotate by the rotating disc II, the autoclave upper cover is driven to move up and down by the rotating slide block III, and when the autoclave upper cover moves up to be separated from the autoclave body, the autoclave upper cover horizontally rotates by the rotating slide block III.

7. The erosion corrosion test device for the high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to claim 1, wherein one side of the autoclave body is connected with a rotating slide block I and a rotating slide block II through connecting rods from top to bottom, and the rotating slide block I and the rotating slide block II are respectively in transmission connection with a lead screw in an upright post I through the connecting rods to form a lead screw slide block transmission mechanism; the top of the upright post I is provided with a rotary disc I connected with a screw rod in the upright post I, the rotary disc I drives a screw rod in the upright post I to rotate, so that the autoclave body is driven to move up and down through a rotary slide block I and a rotary slide block II, and when the autoclave body is separated from an upper autoclave cover and a lower autoclave cover, the autoclave body horizontally rotates through the rotary slide block I11 and the rotary slide block II; two sides of the autoclave lower cover are respectively connected with the sliding block I and the sliding block II through connecting rods, so that the autoclave lower cover is fixed in position and can move up and down.

8. The erosion corrosion test device for the high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to claim 1, wherein a heating wire and an external heat-insulating layer are arranged on the outer side of the autoclave body; an exhaust or drainage pipe penetrates through the upper kettle cover of the high-pressure kettle, and an exhaust or drainage valve, a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge and a safety valve are arranged on the exhaust or drainage pipe; an air inlet or water inlet pipe is arranged on the autoclave lower cover in a penetrating way, and an air inlet or water inlet valve is arranged on the air inlet or water inlet pipe.

9. The erosion corrosion test device in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment according to claim 1, wherein the disc, the fixture fixing rod and the sample fixture are made of stainless steel, nickel-based alloy or zirconium alloy, so that the fixture fixing rod, the disc and the test fixture have sufficient rigidity in the erosion corrosion process; insulation between specimen and specimen holder, using ZrO coating₂Insulating in the form of a Zr-4 alloy insulating spacer.

10. The high-temperature high-pressure environment erosion corrosion test device according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature high-pressure environment erosion corrosion test device further comprises a signal acquisition processing control system, the signal acquisition processing control system is provided with a temperature display, a temperature controller, a pressure display, a control panel switch and an emergency switch on a control panel, the motor is connected with a motor rotation setter through a wire, and the motor rotation setter is connected with a motor operation switch and a motor operation indicator lamp; the thermocouple is connected with a temperature controller through a lead, and the temperature controller is connected with a temperature display, an overtemperature alarm indicator lamp and a low-temperature alarm indicator lamp; the pressure sensor is connected with a pressure display through a lead, and the pressure display is connected with an overpressure alarm indicator lamp and a low-pressure alarm indicator lamp; each controller and the regulator are respectively connected to a relay in the control cabinet, the relays are connected with a thermocouple through a lead, and a heating power switch and a heating indicator lamp are arranged on the lead to form an over-temperature, low-temperature, over-pressure and low-pressure power-off protection structure.