CN113431555A - While-drilling electric imaging instrument - Google Patents
While-drilling electric imaging instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN113431555A CN113431555A CN202110691656.2A CN202110691656A CN113431555A CN 113431555 A CN113431555 A CN 113431555A CN 202110691656 A CN202110691656 A CN 202110691656A CN 113431555 A CN113431555 A CN 113431555A
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- mounting hole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/002—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
- E21B47/0025—Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection generating an image of the borehole wall using down-hole measurements, e.g. acoustic or electric
Abstract
An electrical while drilling imaging instrument, comprising: the drill collar is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is recessed inwards from the side wall of the drill collar in the radial direction; the sleeve is arranged in the mounting hole and is coaxial with the mounting hole, and a first through hole and a second through hole are formed in the side wall of the sleeve; the telescopic piece comprises a sliding rod inserted into the sleeve and capable of sliding along the axial direction of the sleeve and a limiting piece extending out of the sliding rod in the radial direction; the annular piston is sleeved on the sliding rod and can slide along the sliding rod; the first elastic piece is used for applying elastic force deviating from the bottom of the mounting hole to the telescopic piece; a second elastic member for applying an elastic force to the annular piston toward the bottom of the mounting hole; and the driving device is used for injecting liquid into the first through hole after receiving a measurement starting command. The electrical imaging while drilling instrument can detect more accurate well wall resistivity information.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to well logging technology, and is especially one kind of electric imaging while drilling instrument.
Background
The high-resolution electrical imaging instrument while drilling needs to measure the resistivity information of the well wall under the working condition of underground rotary drilling, and the gap between a probe and the well wall can reduce the precision of a measurement signal to a great extent, so that the well wall imaging quality is reduced. The ideal measurement mode is that the probe is constantly attached to the well wall. The imaging probe of the existing electrical imaging while drilling instrument is fixed on a drill collar, a gap exists between the probe and the well wall, and the gap continuously changes along with the eccentricity of the instrument in the well, so that the accurate information of the well wall cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an electrical imaging while drilling instrument, the electrical imaging while drilling instrument comprising:
the drill collar is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is recessed inwards from the side wall of the drill collar in the radial direction;
the sleeve is arranged in the mounting hole and is coaxial with the mounting hole, and a first through hole and a second through hole are formed in the side wall of the sleeve;
the telescopic piece comprises a sliding rod inserted into the sleeve and capable of sliding along the axial direction of the sleeve and a limiting piece extending out of the sliding rod in the radial direction;
the annular piston is sleeved on the sliding rod and can slide along the sliding rod;
the first elastic piece is used for applying elastic force deviating from the bottom of the mounting hole to the telescopic piece;
a second elastic member for applying an elastic force to the annular piston toward the bottom of the mounting hole;
the driving device is used for injecting liquid into the first through hole after receiving a measurement starting command;
an annular cavity is formed between the sleeve and the sliding rod, the annular piston is located in the annular cavity and divides the annular cavity into a first annular cavity and a second annular cavity, the first annular cavity is closer to the bottom of the mounting hole than the second annular cavity, the limiting piece is located in the first annular cavity, the first through hole is communicated with the first annular cavity, the second through hole is communicated with the second annular cavity, and the elastic force applied by the second elastic piece is greater than the elastic force applied by the first elastic piece.
The driving device injects liquid into the first annular cavity through the first through hole, the liquid applies hydraulic pressure to the annular piston, the hydraulic pressure is larger than the elastic force applied by the second elastic piece, therefore, the liquid can push the annular piston to move towards the opening direction of the mounting hole, meanwhile, the second annular cavity is compressed, and the liquid in the second annular cavity flows out of the second through hole. When the annular piston moves towards the opening direction of the mounting hole, the elastic force applied to the sliding rod by the first elastic piece drives the telescopic piece to extend out of the mounting hole until the telescopic piece is abutted against the well wall. When the electrical imaging while drilling instrument rotates around the axis of the drill collar, the extensible member is in elastic contact with the well wall, even if the well wall is not a regular cylindrical surface or the instrument is not concentric with the well, the extensible member can be in contact with the well wall all the time, the imaging electrical buckle can be arranged at the head, and the electrical imaging while drilling instrument can detect more accurate resistivity information of the well wall.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the present application may be realized and attained by the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification and the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the examples serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an electrical while drilling imaging instrument in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at C of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a driving device in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 shows an electrical while drilling instrument in the present embodiment. The electrical imaging while drilling instrument comprises a drill collar 1, a sleeve 3, a telescopic part 2, a first elastic part 5, an annular piston 4, a second elastic part 6 and a line accommodating pipe 7. The drill collar 1 is substantially cylindrical, and the drill collar 1 is provided with a mounting hole 11. The mounting hole 11 may be a blind hole. The mounting hole 11 is recessed radially inward from the side wall of the drill collar 1. The sleeve 3, the telescopic piece 2, the first elastic piece 5, the annular piston 4, the second elastic piece 6 and the line accommodating pipe 7 are all arranged in a mounting hole 11 of the drill collar 1.
The opening of the mounting hole 11 is located on the side wall of the drill collar 1. The mounting hole 11 in the drill collar 1 may be a stepped hole. The mounting hole 11 includes a first hole section 111 and a second hole section 112. The first and second hole sections 111 and 112 are both circular holes. One end of the first bore section 111 communicates with one end of the second bore section 112. The first bore section 111 is arranged coaxially with the second bore section 112. The second bore section 112 is closer to the opening of the mounting bore 11 than the first bore section 111. The diameter of the second bore section 112 is larger than the diameter of the first bore section 111.
The sleeve 3 comprises a first sleeve 31, a second sleeve 32 and a sealing flange 33. The first sleeve 31 includes a first cylinder 310, a first flange 314, and a retainer ring 313. The first cylinder 310 is a cylinder. The first cylinder 310 is disposed within the first bore section 111 and is disposed coaxially with the first bore section 111. The outer circumferential wall of the first cylinder 310 abuts against the inner circumferential wall of the first hole section 111. The first flange 314 is annular in shape. The first flange 314 is disposed at an end of the first cylinder 310 near the second bore section 112 and is disposed coaxially with the first cylinder 310. The outer diameter of the first flange 314 is larger than the outer diameter of the first cylinder 310. The outer diameter of the first flange 314 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second bore section 112. The first flange 314 is located within the second bore section 112. One end surface of the first flange 314 abuts against a hole shoulder of the mounting hole 11. The retainer ring 313 is disposed on an inner wall of the first cylinder 310 and is disposed coaxially with the first cylinder 310.
The second sleeve 32 includes a second cylinder 321, a third cylinder 323, and a connection ring 322. The second cylinder 321 and the third cylinder 323 are both cylinders. The outer diameter of the second cylinder 321 is greater than that of the third cylinder 323. The second cylinder 321, the third cylinder 323, and the connection ring 322 are coaxially disposed. The second cylinder 321 and the third cylinder 323 are respectively located at opposite sides of the connection ring 322. One end of the second cylinder 321 is connected to the outer edge of the connection ring 322, and one end of the third cylinder 323 is connected to the inner edge of the connection ring 322. The second cylinder 321 is located in the second hole section 112, and an outer circumferential wall of the second cylinder 321 abuts against an inner circumferential wall of the second hole section 112. The third cylinder 323 is inserted into the first cylinder 310. The outer peripheral wall of the third cylinder 323 abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the first cylinder 310. An end surface of the third cylinder 323 facing away from the second cylinder 321 may abut against the retainer ring 313. The first flange 314 is connected with the second cylinder 321 through screws.
The sealing flange 33 is of cylindrical construction. The sealing flange 33 is arranged coaxially with the first cylinder 310. A sealing flange 33 is attached to the end of the first barrel 310 facing away from the second sleeve 32. The outer peripheral wall of the seal flange 33 abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the first cylinder 310. The outer peripheral wall of the sealing flange 33 is provided with an external thread, and the inner peripheral wall of the first cylinder 310 is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread. The sealing flange 33 is screwed into the first cylinder 310.
The telescopic member 2 comprises a slide bar 22, a stop member 24 and a head 21. The slide bar 22 is a straight bar. The head 21 is disposed at one end of the slide bar 22. The slide rod 22 is inserted into the sleeve 3. The sliding rod 22 passes through the sealing flange 33, the first cylinder 310, the retaining ring 313 and the inner hole of the third cylinder 323 in sequence. The outer peripheral wall of the slide rod 22 can respectively abut against the inner peripheral wall of the sealing flange 33, the inner peripheral wall of the retaining ring 313 and the inner peripheral wall of the third cylinder 323, and the slide rod 22 is respectively in clearance fit with the sealing flange 33, the retaining ring 313 and the third cylinder 323. The slide rod 22 can slide along the inner hole of the gap between the sealing flange 33, the retainer ring 313 and the third cylinder 323. The head 21 is disposed on an outward facing end of the slide bar 22. The head 21 may be provided as a solid of revolution. The head 21 may be substantially frusto-conical. The head 21 has a top surface and a bottom surface, the diameter of the bottom surface being greater than the diameter of the top surface. The bottom surface of the head 21 is connected to the slide bar 22, and the top surface of the head 21 faces outward. The head 21 and the slide bar 22 are coaxially arranged. The diameter of the bottom surface of the head 21 is larger than the diameter of the inner hole of the third cylinder 323 and smaller than the diameter of the inner hole of the second cylinder 321. The head 21 may be received in the inner bore of the second sleeve 32.
The sealing flange 33, the collar 313, the first cylinder 310 and the sliding rod 22 enclose an annular cavity 25.
A straight blind hole 221 is provided in the slide rod 22. The blind hole 221 extends from one end of the slide rod 22 toward the bottom of the mounting hole 11 to the other end of the slide rod 22. In other words, the straight blind hole 221 extends from an end of the slide rod 22 facing away from the head 21 toward the head 21.
The wire accommodating pipe 7 is a straight pipe and can be a circular pipe. The line holding pipe 7 is arranged coaxially with the mounting hole 11. The line container 7 comprises a first tube section 71. One end of the first pipe section 71 is connected to the bottom of the mounting hole 11, and the other end of the first pipe section 71 is inserted into the straight blind hole 221 of the slide bar 22. There may be a clearance fit between the first tube section 71 and the straight blind bore 221. The slide bar 22 is slidable in the direction of extension of the first tube section 71.
The first elastic member 5 may be a coil spring, a disc spring, a rubber sleeve, or a bellows. In the present embodiment, the first elastic member 5 is a coil spring. The opposite ends of the first elastic element 5 respectively abut against the bottom of the straight blind hole 221 of the slide rod 22 and the end surface of the first pipe section 71 facing the bottom of the straight blind hole 221. The first resilient element 5 is in a compressed state. The first elastic member 5 exerts an elastic force on the slide rod 22 in a direction away from the bottom of the mounting hole 11. The extensible member 2 has a tendency to protrude out of the mounting hole 11 when subjected to only the elastic force exerted by the first elastic member 5.
The annular piston 4 is of cylindrical configuration. The annular piston 4 is sleeved on the sliding rod 22 and is located in an annular cavity 25 enclosed by the sealing flange 33, the retainer ring 313, the first cylinder 310 and the sliding rod 22. The annular piston 4 divides the annular cavity 25 into a first annular cavity 251 and a second annular cavity 252. The first ring cavity 251 is closer to the bottom of the mounting hole 11 than the second ring cavity 252. The annular piston 4 is able to slide along the slide rod 22. The outer peripheral wall of the annular piston 4 abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the first cylinder 310. The annular piston 4 is located on the side of the limiting member 24 close to the opening of the mounting hole 11.
The annular piston 4 is also provided with a first sealing ring 41. The first sealing ring 41 is fitted around the annular piston 4 and is disposed coaxially with the annular piston 4. The inner edge of the first seal ring 41 abuts against the annular piston 4, and the outer edge of the first seal ring 41 abuts against the inner circumferential wall of the first cylinder 310. The first seal ring 41 is used to seal a gap between the annular piston 4 and the first cylinder 310. The outer peripheral wall of the annular piston 4 may be provided with a first annular groove. The first sealing ring 41 is fitted over the first annular groove and partially embedded therein. This prevents the first seal ring 41 from being disengaged from the annular piston 4, while enhancing the sealing effect.
The annular piston 4 is also provided with a second sealing ring 42. The second seal ring 42 is fixed to the inner circumferential wall of the annular piston 4 and is disposed coaxially with the annular piston 4. The second sealing ring 42 is sleeved on the sliding rod 22 and can slide along the sliding rod 22. The inner edge of the second sealing ring 42 abuts against the slide rod 22, and the outer edge of the second sealing ring 42 abuts against the inner peripheral wall of the annular piston 4. The second sealing ring 42 is used to seal the gap between the annular piston 4 and the slide rod 22. The annular piston 4 may be provided with a second annular groove on its inner circumferential wall. The outer edge of the second seal ring 42 fits into this second annular groove. This prevents the second sealing ring 42 from being disengaged from the annular piston 4, while enhancing the sealing effect.
The second elastic member 6 may be a coil spring. The second elastic member 6 may be a coil spring, a disc spring, a rubber sleeve, or a bellows. In the present embodiment, the second elastic member 6 is a coil spring. The second elastic element 6 is arranged in the second ring cavity 252 and is sleeved on the slide bar 22. One end of the second elastic member 6 abuts against the retainer ring 313, and the other end of the second elastic member 6 abuts against the annular piston 4. The second elastic member 6 is in a compressed state, and the second elastic member 6 applies an elastic force to the annular piston 4 in a direction toward the bottom of the mounting hole 11. The ring piston 4 presses the stopper 24 toward the bottom of the mounting hole 11 when receiving the elastic force. The elastic force exerted by the second elastic member 6 on the annular piston 4 is greater than the elastic force exerted by the first elastic member 5 on the slide rod 22.
The side wall of the first cylinder 310 is further provided with a first through hole 311 and a second through hole 312. The first through hole 311 and the second through hole 312 are located on opposite sides of the annular piston 4, respectively. The first through hole 311 is located on the side of the annular piston 4 near the bottom of the mounting hole 11, and the second through hole 312 is located on the side of the annular piston 4 near the opening of the mounting hole 11. The first through hole 311 communicates with the first ring cavity 251. The second through-hole 312 communicates with the second ring cavity 252. In the embodiment, a gap is formed between the limiting member 24 and the first barrel 310, the gap is a portion of the first ring cavity 251, and one end of the first through hole 311 facing the first barrel 310 is aligned with the limiting member 24 and is communicated with the gap between the limiting member 24 and the first barrel 310. The second through-hole 312 is disposed adjacent to the retainer ring 313.
Because the second elastic element 6 applies an elastic force to the annular piston 4 toward the bottom of the mounting hole 11, and the elastic force applied by the second elastic element 6 is greater than the elastic force applied by the first elastic element 5, the annular piston 4 can push the limiting element 24 to drive the expansion element 2 to move toward the mounting hole 11 until the limiting element 24 abuts against the sealing flange 33, and at this time, the head 21 is retracted into the second cylinder 321.
The first ring cavity 251 is filled with a liquid, which may be hydraulic oil, through the first through hole 311, and the liquid applies a hydraulic pressure to the annular piston 4, which is greater than the elastic force applied by the second elastic member 6, so that the liquid pushes the annular piston 4 to move toward the opening of the mounting hole 11, and the second ring cavity 252 is compressed, and the liquid in the second ring cavity 252 flows out through the second through hole 312. When the annular piston 4 moves towards the opening direction of the mounting hole 11, the elastic force applied by the first elastic element 5 to the sliding rod 22 drives the telescopic element 2 to extend out of the mounting hole 11 until the head 21 abuts against the well wall. When the electrical imaging while drilling instrument rotates around the axis of the drill collar 1, the head 21 is in elastic contact with the well wall, and even if the well wall is not a regular cylindrical surface, the head 21 can be always in contact with the well wall, so that the electrical imaging while drilling instrument can detect more accurate well wall information. For example, when the while-drilling electric imaging instrument rotates to the distance from the opening of the mounting hole 11 to the borehole wall becomes larger, the head 21 extends longer under the elastic force of the first elastic element 5; when the distance from the opening of the mounting hole 11 of the electrical imaging while drilling instrument to the well wall is reduced, the head 21 compresses the first elastic element 5 under the extrusion of the well wall, and the head 21 is retracted into the mounting hole 11 to adapt to the condition that the distance from the opening of the mounting hole 11 to the well wall is reduced. Therefore, the head 21 can always abut against the borehole wall regardless of the change in the distance between the borehole wall and the opening of the mounting hole 11.
In one illustrative embodiment, the while-drilling electrical imaging instrument further comprises a drive device 9. The drive means 9 is arranged in the drill collar 1. The drive means 9 comprises an electric motor 93, a hydraulic pump 92, a non-return valve 95, a reversing valve 97, a pressure balancing device 91, an accumulator 96 and a control valve 94. The control valve 94 and the direction valve 97 may be solenoid valves.
The pressure balancing device 91 includes a cylinder 911 and a balancing piston 912. An inner cavity is arranged in the cylinder 911. The inner cavity may be a cylindrical chamber, such as a cylindrical chamber. A balance piston 912 is disposed within the interior cavity of the cylinder 911 and is slidable within the cylinder 911. Balance piston 912 divides the inner chamber into a mud chamber 913 and an oil chamber 914. The slurry cavity 913 is provided with a slurry inlet and a slurry outlet, and the slurry inlet and the slurry outlet are communicated with the outside of the drill collar 1. A mud port is provided at the end of the mud chamber 913 facing away from the oil chamber 914. An oil outlet and an oil inlet are provided on the side wall of the oil chamber 914. Both the oil outlet and the oil inlet are provided at an end of the oil chamber 914 facing away from the slurry chamber 913. The oil chamber 914 stores a liquid, which may be hydraulic oil.
The hydraulic pump 92 includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the hydraulic pump 92 is communicated with the oil outlet of the oil chamber 914. The motor 93 is drivingly connected to the hydraulic pump 92. The motor 93 can drive the hydraulic pump 92 to rotate. The hydraulic pump 92 is rotated to pressurize the fluid at the inlet and deliver it from the outlet of the hydraulic pump 92.
The control valve 94 is provided with 3 ports, and the 3 ports on the control valve 94 are respectively connected to the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump 92, one port of the check valve 95 and the oil inlet of the oil chamber 914.
The other port of the check valve 95 is connected to the fluid inlet and outlet of the accumulator 96. The check valve 95 can only pass fluid flowing in a direction from the control valve 94 to the accumulator 96.
The directional valve 97 includes a first port, a second port, and a third port. A first port of the directional valve 97 is connected to a fluid inlet and outlet of the accumulator 96.
In this embodiment, the drill collar 1 is provided with a first passage and a second passage. The first channel and the second channel may be straight channels. One end of the first passage communicates with the first through hole 311. The other end of the first passage communicates with a second port of the selector valve 97. One end of the second passage communicates with the second through hole 312. The other end of the second channel is communicated with the third interface.
In this embodiment, the while-drilling electrical imaging instrument further comprises a controller and a pressure sensor. The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the motor 93, the control valve 94 and the direction change valve 97. The pressure sensor is disposed on the accumulator 96 and is used for detecting the hydraulic pressure of the fluid in the accumulator 96 in real time and transmitting the detection result to the controller.
The controller drives the control valve 94 to connect the outlet of the hydraulic pump 92 with the interface of the check valve 95 when the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator 96 is less than a first preset value, and drives the control valve 94 to connect the outlet of the hydraulic pump 92 with the oil inlet of the oil chamber 914 when the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator 96 is greater than or equal to a second preset value. The first preset value is smaller than the second preset value. The first preset value may be the lowest operating pressure of accumulator 96 and the second preset value may be the highest operating pressure of accumulator 96.
When the electrical imaging while drilling instrument is lowered downhole, and after the electrical imaging while drilling instrument is submerged in the downhole mud, the mud enters the mud chamber 913 of the pressure balancing device 91 from the mud inlet and outlet, the downhole mud generally has a higher hydraulic pressure, and the mud in the mud chamber 913 exerts a pushing force on the balance piston 912 so that the oil chamber 914 has a tendency to shrink. Thus, the hydraulic pressure in the mud chamber 913 is conducted to the liquid in the oil chamber 914, so that the liquid in the oil chamber 914 also has a higher hydraulic pressure.
When the electrical imaging while drilling instrument reaches a preset underground working well section, a measurement starting instruction is sent to the electrical imaging while drilling instrument, and the measurement starting instruction can be sent to the underground through a mud pulser. After receiving the measurement starting instruction, the controller of the electrical imaging while drilling instrument drives the motor 93 to rotate the hydraulic pump 92. The hydraulic pump 92 pressurizes the fluid in the oil chamber 914 and outputs the pressurized fluid from an outlet of the hydraulic pump 92. At this time, the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator 96 is usually small and smaller than the first preset value, the pressure sensor sends the detection result to the controller after detecting that the hydraulic pressure in the accumulator 96 is smaller than the first preset value, the controller drives the control valve 94 to connect the outlet of the hydraulic pump 92 with the inlet of the check valve 95, and the fluid pumped by the hydraulic pump 92 is delivered to the accumulator 96, so that the hydraulic pressure of the fluid in the accumulator 96 is increased.
When the pressure sensor detects that the hydraulic pressure of the liquid in the accumulator 96 reaches the second preset value, the detection result is sent to the controller, the controller drives the control valve 94 to enable the outlet of the hydraulic pump 92 and the oil inlet of the oil chamber 914, at the moment, the liquid output by the hydraulic pump 92 returns to the oil chamber 914 again, no-load oil return is achieved, meanwhile, the outlet of the hydraulic pump 92 and the outlet of the one-way valve 95 are cut off, the hydraulic pump 92 does not convey the liquid into the accumulator 96 any more, and the hydraulic pressure of the liquid in the accumulator 96 is maintained to be smaller than or equal to the second preset value.
In this way, the hydraulic pressure of the fluid within the accumulator 96 is regulated by the controller driving the control valve 94 such that the hydraulic pressure of the fluid in the accumulator 96 is maintained between the first and second preset values. Meanwhile, since the pressure balance device 91 transmits the hydraulic pressure of the downhole mud into the oil chamber 914 so that the liquid in the oil chamber 914 has an initial high pressure, the power of the motor 93 is reduced, and the service life of the hydraulic pump 92 is also prolonged.
After the liquid in the accumulator 96 reaches above the first preset value, the controller can also drive the reversing valve 97 to connect the liquid inlet and outlet of the accumulator 96 with the first through hole 311, and the liquid in the accumulator 96 can be injected into the sleeve 3 and push the annular balance piston 912 to compress the second elastic element 6. During the process that the second elastic element 6 is compressed, the first elastic element 5 pushes the telescopic element 2 to extend out of the mounting hole 11. This achieves the extension of the hydraulically driven telescopic element 2.
In an exemplary embodiment, after the measurement is completed by the while-drilling electrical imaging tool, a stop-measurement command is sent to the while-drilling electrical imaging tool, typically via a mud pulser, downhole. After receiving the measurement stopping instruction, the controller of the electrical imaging while drilling instrument closes the motor 93, drives the reversing valve 97 to cut off a flow channel between a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of the accumulator 96 and the first through hole 311, stops injecting liquid into the first through hole 311 by the accumulator 96, and communicates the first through hole 311 with the oil chamber 914, so that the pressures of the chambers on the two opposite sides of the piston 912 are the same.
In an illustrative embodiment, the drill collar 1 further has disposed therein a mounting chamber 14, a first wire passage 13, and a circuit-placing chamber 12. The mounting chamber 14 extends from the bottom of the mounting hole 11 to the outer peripheral wall of the drill collar 1 away from the opening of the mounting hole 11. The circuit placing chamber 12 is provided at one side of the installation chamber 14. The first wire passage 13 communicates with the installation chamber 14 and the circuit placing chamber 12.
The while-drilling electrical imaging apparatus further includes an electrical imaging button (not shown), a plug 8, a sealing cover 83, and a circuit board (not shown). The plug 8 may be a multi-conductor compression plug 8. The plug 8 includes a holder 81, an insulating sleeve, and a plurality of pins 82. The pins 82 are conductors. The fixing seat 81 may be substantially disc-shaped. The insertion pin 82 axially penetrates the fixed seat 81. The insulation sleeve is disposed between the pin 82 and the fixing seat 81, so that the pin 82 and the fixing seat 81 are electrically insulated. The fixing seat 81 is disposed at one end of the mounting chamber 14 near the mounting hole 11. One end of the pin 82 extends into the mounting chamber 14. The seal cover 83 is provided at an end of the installation chamber 14 facing away from the installation hole 11, and covers an opening of the end of the installation chamber 14 facing away from the installation hole 11. The sealing cover 83 can be connected with the drill collar 1 through screws.
The electric imaging electric buckle is arranged on the head 21 and is positioned at one end of the head 21, which faces away from the sliding rod 22. The electrical imaging button is insulated from the head 21. The head 21 is also provided with a second wire passage (not shown). The second wire passage extends from the end of the head 21 facing away from the slide bar 22 to the end of the straight bar extending into the second tube section. The second wire passage connects the inner cavity of the wire accommodating tube 7 with the end of the head 21 away from the slide rod 22. The electric imaging electric buckle can obtain the resistivity information of the well wall when being abutted against the well wall.
The circuit board is disposed in the circuit placing chamber. The circuit board is provided with a first circuit (not shown) having a first female connector. The first line extends along the first wire passage 13 into the installation chamber 14. The pin 82 is inserted into the first female connector at an end facing away from the mounting hole 11. The electrophotographic buckle has a second circuit (not shown) with a second female connector. The second line extends along the second line passage into the interior of the line receptacle 7. One end of the pin 82 near the mounting hole 11 is inserted into the second female terminal. Therefore, the circuit board and the electric imaging electric buckle are electrically connected through the first line, the second line and the plug 8, and well wall resistivity information acquired by the electric imaging electric buckle can be transmitted to the circuit board through the second line, the plug 8 and the first line in sequence. The circuit board may be provided with corresponding circuitry for processing the received borehole wall resistivity information. For example, the circuit board may be provided with a memory for storing borehole wall resistivity information collected by the electrical imaging buckle, or the circuit board may be provided with a communication circuit for sending the received borehole wall resistivity information to the outside.
The present application describes embodiments, but the description is illustrative rather than limiting and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible within the scope of the embodiments described herein. Although many possible combinations of features are shown in the drawings and discussed in the detailed description, many other combinations of the disclosed features are possible. Any feature or element of any embodiment may be used in combination with or instead of any other feature or element in any other embodiment, unless expressly limited otherwise.
The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and elements known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features and elements disclosed in this application may also be combined with any conventional features or elements to form a unique inventive concept as defined by the claims. Any feature or element of any embodiment may also be combined with features or elements from other inventive aspects to form yet another unique inventive aspect, as defined by the claims. Thus, it should be understood that any of the features shown and/or discussed in this application may be implemented alone or in any suitable combination. Accordingly, the embodiments are not limited except as by the appended claims and their equivalents. Furthermore, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of the appended claims.
Further, in describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and/or process as a particular sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the particular order of steps set forth herein, the method or process should not be limited to the particular sequence of steps described. Other orders of steps are possible as will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, the particular order of the steps set forth in the specification should not be construed as limitations on the claims. Further, the claims directed to the method and/or process should not be limited to the performance of their steps in the order written, and one skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the sequences may be varied and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. An while-drilling electrical imaging instrument, comprising:
the drill collar is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is recessed inwards from the side wall of the drill collar in the radial direction;
the sleeve is arranged in the mounting hole and is coaxial with the mounting hole, and a first through hole and a second through hole are formed in the side wall of the sleeve;
the telescopic piece comprises a sliding rod inserted into the sleeve and capable of sliding along the axial direction of the sleeve and a limiting piece extending out of the sliding rod in the radial direction;
the annular piston is sleeved on the sliding rod and can slide along the sliding rod;
the first elastic piece is used for applying elastic force deviating from the bottom of the mounting hole to the telescopic piece;
a second elastic member for applying an elastic force to the annular piston toward the bottom of the mounting hole;
the driving device is used for injecting liquid into the first through hole after receiving a measurement starting command;
an annular cavity is formed between the sleeve and the sliding rod, the annular piston is located in the annular cavity and divides the annular cavity into a first annular cavity and a second annular cavity, the first annular cavity is closer to the bottom of the mounting hole than the second annular cavity, the limiting piece is located in the first annular cavity, the first through hole is communicated with the first annular cavity, the second through hole is communicated with the second annular cavity, and the elastic force applied by the second elastic piece is greater than the elastic force applied by the first elastic piece.
2. The while-drilling electrical imaging instrument of claim 1, wherein the sleeve comprises a first sleeve and a sealing flange;
the first sleeve comprises a first cylinder and a retainer ring which is arranged on the inner wall of the first cylinder and is coaxial with the first cylinder;
the sealing flange is arranged in the first cylinder and coaxially arranged with the first cylinder, the sealing flange is located on one side, close to the hole bottom, of the mounting hole, the annular cavity is formed by enclosing the sealing flange, the check ring, the first cylinder and the sliding rod, and the first through hole and the second through hole are formed in the side wall of the first cylinder.
3. The while drilling electrical imaging apparatus of claim 2,
the second elastic piece is arranged in the second ring cavity and sleeved on the sliding rod;
the two opposite ends of the second elastic piece are respectively abutted to the retainer ring and the annular piston, and the second elastic piece is in a compressed state.
4. The while drilling electrical imaging apparatus of claim 1,
the sliding rod is provided with a straight blind hole, and the straight blind hole extends from one end, facing the bottom of the mounting hole, of the sliding rod to the other end of the sliding rod;
the while-drilling electric imaging instrument further comprises a wire holding pipe, wherein the wire holding pipe comprises a first pipe section;
one end of the first pipe section is connected to the bottom of the mounting hole, and the other end of the first pipe section is inserted into the straight blind hole;
one end of the first elastic piece abuts against the bottom of the straight blind hole, and the other end of the first elastic piece abuts against the end face, facing the bottom of the straight blind hole, of the first pipe section.
5. The while drilling electrical imaging apparatus of claim 4,
the wire accommodating pipe also comprises a second pipe section, the second pipe section is arranged at one end, facing the bottom of the straight blind hole, of the first pipe section and is coaxial with the first pipe section, and the outer diameter of the second pipe section is smaller than that of the first pipe section;
the telescopic piece further comprises a straight rod, and the straight rod extends into the second pipe section from the bottom of the straight blind hole;
the first elastic piece is sleeved on the second pipe section and the straight rod and is in a compressed state.
6. The while drilling electrical imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first and second resilient members are helical springs, disc springs, rubber sleeves, or bellows.
7. The while drilling electrical imaging instrument as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the telescopic member further comprises a head portion disposed at an end of the slide bar facing away from the bottom of the mounting hole;
the electric imaging while drilling instrument further comprises an electric imaging electric buckle, wherein the electric imaging electric buckle is arranged on one side, deviating from the sliding rod, of the head and used for acquiring well wall resistivity information of a well wall.
8. The while drilling electrical imaging instrument as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the driving means comprises a motor, a hydraulic pump, a one-way valve, a reversing valve, a pressure balancing device, an accumulator and a control valve;
an oil cavity is arranged in the pressure balancing device and is communicated with an inlet of the hydraulic pump and the control valve;
the control valve is also communicated with the hydraulic pump and the one-way valve;
the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the energy accumulator are communicated with the one-way valve and the reversing valve;
the reversing valve is also communicated with the first through hole;
the motor is used for driving the hydraulic pump to work so that the hydraulic pump pumps the liquid in the oil cavity to the control valve; the one-way valve is only accessible by fluid flowing from the control valve in a direction toward the accumulator; the control valve is used for communicating the outlet of the hydraulic pump with the one-way valve when the hydraulic pressure in the energy accumulator is smaller than a first preset value, communicating the outlet of the hydraulic pump with the oil cavity when the hydraulic pressure in the energy accumulator is larger than or equal to a second preset value, and the reversing valve can communicate or block the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the energy accumulator with the first through hole.
9. The while-drilling electrical imaging instrument of claim 8, wherein the pressure balancing device comprises:
the cylinder body is internally provided with an inner cavity;
the balance piston is arranged in the inner cavity and divides the inner cavity into the oil cavity and the slurry cavity;
wherein, the mud cavity can be communicated with the outside of the drill collar.
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