CN113429254A - Efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on ceramic packed tower - Google Patents
Efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on ceramic packed tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN113429254A CN113429254A CN202110828243.4A CN202110828243A CN113429254A CN 113429254 A CN113429254 A CN 113429254A CN 202110828243 A CN202110828243 A CN 202110828243A CN 113429254 A CN113429254 A CN 113429254A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/093—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/30—Loose or shaped packing elements, e.g. Raschig rings or Berl saddles, for pouring into the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/38—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C17/383—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
- B01J2219/30416—Ceramic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/318—Manufacturing aspects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on a ceramic packed tower, which comprises the following steps: mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene and preheated chlorine gas, and adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler for reaction; and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain a target product. The target product prepared by the method has high yield, simple method and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical synthesis, in particular to a high-efficiency synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on a ceramic packed tower
Background
2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene is an important intermediate for synthesizing novel antibacterial agent fluoroquinolone medicaments, is mainly used for synthesizing ciprofloxacin, mefloxacin and the like, is a main raw material for preparing products such as trifluperidol, trifluperfumenzene, penfluridol, quinolone medicaments, ciprofloxacin and the like serving as antipsychotic special medicaments, and is also used for identifying pesticide, ovicide, plastics and resin. The fluorine-containing pesticide has the advantages of high selectivity, high adaptability and broad spectrum, high added value, low dosage, low cost, low toxicity, low residue and environmental friendliness. Fluorine-containing drugs have many excellent properties: firstly, can improve the activity of medicine, increase the fat-soluble, effectively strengthen the bioavailability of medicine molecule, secondly can improve the metabolic stability of medicine, make the medicine effect more lasting to reduce and take medicine number of times or dose, thirdly after the fluorine atom is introduced to the medicine, can discern the difference of target, thereby provide more effective accurate treatment.
At present, the synthesis process of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene at home and abroad mainly comprises the following steps: (1) 3-chloro-4-fluoroaniline diazotization; the method has mature process, good product quality and higher price, so the method is only used for synthesis in a laboratory. (2) The 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene chlorination method has the advantages that the conversion rate of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene is 95 percent, and the economic benefit is good; (3) 5-chloro-2-fluoronitrobenzene chlorination; the product yield of the method is 74.5 percent. Therefore, the chlorination method for preparing the 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene by using the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene has the advantages of higher yield, simple reaction process and wide application. However, in the production process, a large amount of waste water is generated, certain harm is caused to the environment, chlorine cannot be fully utilized, and the production cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a (name of the invention).
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-efficiency synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on a ceramic packed tower comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene and preheated chlorine gas, and adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler for reaction;
(2) and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain a target product.
Preferably, the reaction temperature is 400 ℃.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the molar ratio of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene to the chlorine gas is 2: (1-2).
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the layered porous ceramic filler is prepared by taking alumina particles as a matrix and carbon black particles as a pore-foaming agent.
Preferably, the preparation method of the layered porous ceramic filler comprises the following steps: firstly, dispersing alumina particles in deionized water, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of a dispersion liquid to 10-11, grinding, adding carbon black particles, stirring and mixing uniformly, then adding decylamine as a surfactant, adding polyethylene glycol and sucrose after stirring, stirring at a high speed for mechanical foaming, placing the foamed liquid in a plastic mould, scraping redundant foams, then drying the mould under certain conditions, then demoulding, and finally calcining to prepare the layered porous ceramic filler.
Preferably, the alumina particles have a specific surface area of 6 to 7m2The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1mol/L, and the specific surface area of the carbon black particles is 8-9m2The volume ratio of the alumina particles to the carbon black particles is 3: 7.
Preferably, the addition amounts of the decylamine, the polyethylene glycol and the sucrose are respectively 1-3%, 1% and 0.5-1% of the mass of the alumina particles.
Preferably, in the above aspect, the stirring conditions during the mechanical foaming are: the stirring treatment is firstly carried out at 200-.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the calcination conditions are: firstly, processing for 3-4h at 90-100 ℃, then heating to 650-700 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, processing for 2-3h, then heating to 1500 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, processing for 2h, and furnace cooling to room temperature to prepare the layered porous ceramic filler.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene as a starting material to prepare a target product through chlorination reaction, and when the preparation is carried out, the invention fills layered porous ceramic filler with large specific surface area in the reaction tower, thereby effectively improving the contact efficiency of the raw materials, improving the utilization rate of the raw materials, reducing the production cost to a certain extent, having good stability of the filler, avoiding corrosion in the reaction process, prolonging the service life of equipment and reducing the use cost of the equipment.
The layered porous ceramic filler adopted by the invention is a layered porous ceramic filler which is prepared by taking alumina particles as a matrix, carbon black particles as a pore-forming agent, decylamine as a surfactant and polyethylene glycol and sucrose as an adhesive, carrying out mechanical foaming treatment on the mixed solution under certain conditions, and destroying chemical bonds among the particles in the mechanical foaming process or in the mechanical foaming process, so that air carried by the particles is adsorbed to a liquid-gas interface, after the mechanical foaming is stopped, a particle network can be formed around bubbles again to obtain foam with good stability, drying and heating are carried out to remove moisture, and then the carbon black particles are calcined and removed under certain conditions, so that the layered porous ceramic filler with good stability and large specific surface area is prepared.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The preparation method of the layered porous filler adopted in the following examples is specifically as follows:
the specific surface area is firstly 6.5m2Dispersing alumina particles in deionized water, adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to adjust pH of the dispersion to 10-11, grinding, adding the powder with specific surface area of 9m2Stirring and mixing uniformly for 10min at 1000rpm, adding decylamine which accounts for 1.5% of the weight of the alumina particles as a surfactant, stirring and adding polyethylene glycol which accounts for 1% of the weight of the alumina particles and has the molecular weight of 20000 and cane sugar which accounts for 1% of the weight of the alumina particles, stirring and processing for 10min at 200rpm, stirring and processing for 10min at 900rpm, stirring and processing for 30min at 2000rpm, placing the foamed liquid in a mold, scraping off redundant foam, drying the mold under certain conditions, demolding, placing in a muffle furnace, processing for 3h at 90 ℃, heating to 700 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, processing for 3h, heating to 1500 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, processing for 2h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, and preparing the layered porous ceramic filler.
Example 1
Mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene with preheated chlorine, adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler, and reacting at 400 ℃; in the reaction tower, the filling height of the layered porous ceramic filler is 1/10 of the height of the reaction tower; controlling the molar ratio of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene to the chlorine gas to be 1: 1;
and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain the target product 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene.
Example 2
Mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene with preheated chlorine, adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler, and reacting at 400 ℃; in the reaction tower, the filling height of the layered porous ceramic filler is 1/10 of the height of the reaction tower; the mol ratio of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene to the chlorine is controlled to be 2: 1;
and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain the target product 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene.
Example 3
Mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene with preheated chlorine, adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler, and reacting at 400 ℃; in the reaction tower, the filling height of the layered porous ceramic filler is 1/10 of the height of the reaction tower; the mol ratio of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene to the chlorine is controlled to be 1: 1.5;
and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain the target product 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene.
Example 4
Mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene with preheated chlorine, adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler, and reacting at 400 ℃; in the reaction tower, the filling height of the layered porous ceramic filler is 1/10 of the height of the reaction tower; the mol ratio of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene to the chlorine is controlled to be 1: 2;
and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain the target product 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene.
Example 5
Mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene with preheated chlorine, adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler, and reacting at 400 ℃; in the reaction tower, the filling height of the layered porous ceramic filler is 1/5 of the height of the reaction tower; the mol ratio of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene to the chlorine is controlled to be 1: 2;
and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain the target product 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene.
Example 6
Mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene with preheated chlorine, adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler, and reacting at 400 ℃; in the reaction tower, the filling height of the layered porous ceramic filler is 1/5 of the height of the reaction tower; the mol ratio of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene to the chlorine is controlled to be 1: 1.5;
and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain the target product 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene.
Comparative example
The reaction column was packed with a layered porous ceramic packing under the same conditions as in example 6.
The properties of the layered porous filler prepared according to the present invention are shown in table 1, and the yields and raw material conversions of the objective 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene prepared in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
The test results show that the invention adopts the layered porous ceramic filler in the reaction tower, greatly improves the conversion rate of the raw materials and obviously improves the yield of the target product.
Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A high-efficiency synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on a ceramic packed tower is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing vaporized 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene and preheated chlorine gas, and adding the mixture into a reaction tower filled with layered porous ceramic filler for reaction;
(2) and condensing reaction products in the reaction tower, then feeding the reaction products into a gas-liquid separator, feeding the separated tail gas into a tail gas falling film absorption tower for treatment, and feeding the separated liquid into a rectifying tower for rectification to obtain a target product.
2. The efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on the ceramic packed tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature of the reaction was 400 ℃.
3. The efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on the ceramic packed tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the mol ratio of the 3-chloro-4-fluoronitrobenzene to the chlorine is 2: (1-2).
4. The efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on the ceramic packed tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the layered porous ceramic filler is prepared by taking alumina particles as a matrix and carbon black particles as a pore-foaming agent.
5. The efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on the ceramic packed tower as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the preparation method of the layered porous ceramic filler comprises the following steps: firstly, dispersing alumina particles in deionized water, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of a dispersion liquid to 10-11, grinding, adding carbon black particles, stirring and mixing uniformly, then adding decylamine as a surfactant, adding polyethylene glycol and sucrose after stirring, stirring at a high speed for mechanical foaming, placing the foamed liquid in a plastic mould, scraping redundant foams, then drying the mould under certain conditions, then demoulding, and finally calcining to prepare the layered porous ceramic filler.
6. The efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on the ceramic packed tower as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the alumina particles have a specific surface area of 6-7m2The concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1mol/L, and the specific surface area of the carbon black particles is 8-9m2The volume ratio of the alumina particles to the carbon black particles is 3: 7.
7. The efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on the ceramic packed tower as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the addition amounts of the decylamine, the polyethylene glycol and the sucrose are respectively 1-3%, 1% and 0.5-1% of the mass of the alumina particles.
8. The efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on the ceramic packed tower as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the stirring conditions during the mechanical foaming are as follows: the stirring treatment is firstly carried out at 200-.
9. The efficient synthesis method of 2, 4-dichlorofluorobenzene based on the ceramic packed tower as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the calcining conditions are as follows: firstly, processing for 3-4h at 90-100 ℃, then heating to 650-700 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, processing for 2-3h, then heating to 1500 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, processing for 2h, and furnace cooling to room temperature to prepare the layered porous ceramic filler.
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Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN103769034A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-07 | 南通苏通分离工程科技有限公司 | Porous corrugated ceramic packing for inner part of packed tower and preparation method thereof |
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-
2021
- 2021-07-22 CN CN202110828243.4A patent/CN113429254A/en active Pending
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| US20130105330A1 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2013-05-02 | Liquid Light, Inc. | Electrochemical Co-Production of Products with Carbon-Based Reactant Feed to Anode |
| CN103769034A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-07 | 南通苏通分离工程科技有限公司 | Porous corrugated ceramic packing for inner part of packed tower and preparation method thereof |
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