CN113429148A - Concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113429148A CN113429148A CN202110739110.XA CN202110739110A CN113429148A CN 113429148 A CN113429148 A CN 113429148A CN 202110739110 A CN202110739110 A CN 202110739110A CN 113429148 A CN113429148 A CN 113429148A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OTRAYOBSWCVTIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N Chemical compound OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N OTRAYOBSWCVTIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002969 artificial stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive and a preparation method thereof, and the concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 0.1-1% of ammonium pentaborate, 1-10% of polyaluminium sulfate, 3-5% of ammonium sulfate, 1-5% of potassium oleate and the balance of water. The concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive provided by the invention is low in doping amount, good in anti-cracking and anti-permeability effect, free of negative influence on the comprehensive performance of concrete, capable of obviously improving the service life of concrete, and capable of enabling the anti-permeability grade to reach P12 and the service life to be 20 years without leakage when the doping amount reaches 1-5%, and capable of replacing the existing anti-permeability and anti-cracking products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of treatment of inorganic materials specially adopted for enhancing the filling performance of the concrete or the artificial stone in mortar, concrete or artificial stone, and relates to a concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of society, people have higher and higher requirements on life quality, the rapid development of the building industry is inevitably driven, and the use amount of concrete is also increased rapidly. Concrete is a heterogeneous brittle material formed by mixing gravel aggregate, cement, water and other additional materials. The hardened concrete inevitably contains numerous microporosities, air pockets and microcracks, and the microporosities gradually develop into cracks over time. Concrete cracks occur due to a variety of causes, including cracks caused by deformation: cracks caused by temperature changes, shrinkage, expansion, uneven settlement, etc.; cracks caused by external loading; there are improper curing environment and cracks caused by chemical action. The existence and development of cracks usually cause corrosion of materials such as internal reinforcing steel bars and the like, reduce the bearing capacity, durability and impermeability of reinforced concrete materials, influence the appearance and service life of buildings, and threaten the personal safety of residents by serious people. A large amount of water is required to be poured in the early stage of projects such as bridges, wharfs, roads, subways and the like to prevent the concrete from cracking, and the concrete cracks due to shrinkage of the concrete in different degrees in the later stage, so that the water seepage phenomenon is caused, the reinforcing steel bars in the concrete are corroded, the use durability of the reinforcing steel bars is reduced, and the effective service life of the projects is shortened. Therefore, it is important to improve the crack resistance and permeability resistance of concrete.
The anti-seepage and anti-cracking additives such as asphalts used for the purpose of soft water proofing and rain proofing are easy to cause segregation problems, temperature changes can cause segregation phenomena, too large stirring force of a paver can cause segregation, poor control force of a manual paving process can also cause segregation, and the segregation influences the water seepage effect. The anti-permeability and anti-cracking additive appeared in the second generation is added with expansion agents such as fly ash and the like on the basis of the first generation, and the main purpose of the additive is to compensate cement shrinkage. The anti-permeability and anti-cracking additive is different from the two common additives, mainly adopts inorganic matters as main additives and organic matters as auxiliary special additives, has a waterproof mechanism completely different from that of the current anti-permeability and anti-cracking additive, is convenient to use, does not need to adjust the mix proportion of concrete, does not influence or even improve the strength of the concrete, can not leak for 20 years when the mixing amount is 2 percent, has the anti-permeability grade reaching the service life of P12, and can replace the existing anti-permeability and anti-cracking product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
provides a concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive which comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 0.1-1% of ammonium pentaborate, 1-10% of polyaluminium sulfate, 3-5% of ammonium sulfate, 1-5% of potassium oleate and the balance of water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive, which comprises the following specific steps:
1) weighing the raw material components according to the proportion for later use, wherein the raw material components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-1% of ammonium pentaborate, 1-10% of polyaluminium sulfate, 3-5% of ammonium sulfate, 1-5% of potassium oleate and the balance of water;
2) adding ammonium pentaborate and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 10-15 minutes at room temperature, adding polyaluminium sulfate, stirring for 10-25 minutes, adding ammonium sulfate, stirring for 15-30 minutes at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, finally adding potassium oleate, stirring for 60-85 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive.
According to the scheme, the stirring speed in the step 2) is 50-70 r/min.
The invention also comprises a use method of the concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive, which comprises the following steps: the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive is added into concrete according to 1-5% of the mass of the cementing material, and the concrete product with anti-cracking and anti-permeability performance is obtained by pouring, vibrating and curing the concrete as the anti-cracking and anti-permeability concrete, or is filled in concrete cracks for repairing the cracks.
In the preparation process of the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive, the components are only physically mixed, wherein ammonium pentaborate can react with silicon and calcium in cement to form a fine mesh filler to fill the internal space of the concrete, so that the generation of voids in the concrete is avoided. The polyaluminium sulfate can avoid cracking caused by shrinkage of concrete in each period, and the compactness and the wear resistance of the concrete are greatly improved. The potassium oleate can introduce uniform micro stable bubbles to increase elasticity and can prevent microorganisms from parasitizing on the surface of the concrete, thereby preventing the reinforcing steel bars and the concrete from being corroded. The concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive is convenient to use, does not need to adjust the mix proportion of concrete, and does not influence or even improve the strength of the concrete.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive provided by the invention is low in doping amount, good in anti-cracking and anti-permeability effect, free of negative influence on the comprehensive performance of concrete, capable of obviously improving the service life of concrete, and when the doping amount reaches 1-5%, the anti-permeability grade can reach P12, the service life can be 20 years, and the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive can replace the existing anti-permeability and anti-permeability products; 2. the preparation method provided by the invention is simple to operate, low in production cost, low in environmental pollution, capable of realizing continuous production, high in production efficiency and qualification rate, and suitable for large-scale production.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
The raw materials of ammonium pentaborate, polymeric aluminum sulfate, ammonium sulfate and potassium oleate used in the embodiment of the invention are all industrial pure.
Example 1
The concrete crack-resistant and impervious additive is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing the raw material components in the following proportion: 0.9 percent of ammonium pentaborate, 6 percent of polyaluminium sulfate, 3 percent of ammonium sulfate, 3 percent of potassium oleate and 87.1 percent of water;
2) adding ammonium pentaborate and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 10 minutes at room temperature (the stirring speed in the whole process is 60r/min), adding polyaluminium sulfate, stirring for 10 minutes, then adding ammonium sulfate, stirring for 15 minutes at 40 ℃, finally adding potassium oleate, stirring for 85 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive.
Example 2
The concrete crack-resistant and impervious additive is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing the raw material components in the following proportion: 0.7 percent of ammonium pentaborate, 8.8 percent of polyaluminium sulfate, 3.8 percent of ammonium sulfate, 3 percent of potassium oleate and 83.7 percent of water;
2) adding ammonium pentaborate and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature, adding polyaluminium sulfate, stirring for 25 minutes, then adding ammonium sulfate, keeping the temperature at 45 ℃, stirring for 15 minutes, finally adding potassium oleate, stirring for 65 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive.
Example 3
The concrete crack-resistant and impervious additive is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing the raw material components in the following proportion: 0.6 percent of ammonium pentaborate, 3 percent of polyaluminium sulfate, 5 percent of ammonium sulfate, 5 percent of potassium oleate and 86.4 percent of water;
2) adding ammonium pentaborate and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature, adding polyaluminium sulfate, stirring for 15 minutes, then adding ammonium sulfate, keeping the temperature at 30 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes, finally adding potassium oleate, stirring for 70 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive.
Example 4
The concrete crack-resistant and impervious additive is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing the raw material components in the following proportion: 0.5 percent of ammonium pentaborate, 8.9 percent of polyaluminium sulfate, 3.9 percent of ammonium sulfate, 2.8 percent of potassium oleate and 83.9 percent of water;
2) adding ammonium pentaborate and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 10 minutes at room temperature, adding polyaluminium sulfate, stirring for 15 minutes, adding ammonium sulfate, stirring for 20 minutes at 45 ℃, finally adding potassium oleate, stirring for 75 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive.
Example 5
The concrete crack-resistant and impervious additive is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing the raw material components in the following proportion: 0.4% of ammonium pentaborate, 8.9% of polyaluminium sulfate, 4.1% of ammonium sulfate, 3.1% of potassium oleate and 83.5% of water;
2) adding ammonium pentaborate and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 12 minutes at room temperature, adding polyaluminium sulfate, stirring for 17 minutes, then adding ammonium sulfate, stirring for 30 minutes at the temperature of 45 ℃, finally adding potassium oleate, stirring for 60 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive.
Example 6
The concrete crack-resistant and impervious additive is prepared by the following steps:
1) weighing the raw material components in the following proportion: 0.3% of ammonium pentaborate, 9% of polyaluminium sulfate, 4% of ammonium sulfate, 3% of potassium oleate and 83.7% of water;
2) adding ammonium pentaborate and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature, adding polyaluminium sulfate, stirring for 20 minutes, adding ammonium sulfate, stirring for 25 minutes at 45 ℃, finally adding potassium oleate, stirring for 60 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive.
The performances of the concrete crack and seepage resisting admixtures prepared in examples 1-6 are tested according to GB 8076-.
Concrete crack resistance experiment
The concrete comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 42.5R cement: sand (FM ═ 3.19-2.11): stone (5-20mm) ═ 0.41: 1: 1.03: 3.16, the concrete crack-resistant and impervious additive prepared in examples 1-6 was added to the concrete in an amount of 2% by mass of the cementitious material, and the concrete without the highly effective concrete crack-resistant and impervious agent was used as a reference sample, and the test results of the shrinkage properties of the obtained concrete samples are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 test for concrete shrinkage Properties
The results of the mechanical property deformation test of the concrete are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Experimental results of 28-day mechanical properties and deformation properties of concrete
Table 1 shows that after the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability agent is added, the shrinkage of the concrete is obviously reduced compared with that of a reference sample, and is more obvious in the early stage. The reason is that after the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability agent is added, the compactness of the concrete is obviously improved, and the total amount of the contracted capillary pores is effectively reduced.
Table 2 shows that the mechanical properties and the deformation properties of the concrete are obviously improved after the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability agent is added, and compared with a reference sample, the increase rate of the compressive strength of each example is 14-19%, the increase rate of the tensile strength is 19-24%, the increase rate of the ultimate tensile strength is 19-27%, and the reduction rate of the elastic modulus is 3-5%. After the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability agent is added, the concrete is obviously shrunk, and the anti-cracking capability of the concrete can be effectively improved.
Second, concrete impermeability test
The impermeability of concrete is characterized by testing impermeability grade and electricity-carrying capacity, and the specific test result is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Experimental results of impermeability grade and electric quantity of concrete 28d
| Sample (I) | Impervious label | Water penetration height (cm) | Electric quantity (coulomb) | Amount of Current (%) |
| Reference sample | P8 | Permeable to water | 1158 | 100 |
| Example 1 | P12 | 5.0 | 702 | 60.6 |
| Example 2 | P12 | 4.7 | 678 | 58.5 |
| Example 3 | P12 | 4.4 | 634 | 54.7 |
| Example 4 | P12 | 4.1 | 603 | 53.8 |
| Example 5 | P12 | 3.8 | 573 | 49.5 |
| Example 6 | P12 | 3.6 | 532 | 45.9 |
The results in table 3 show that the crack-resistant and permeability-resistant agent of the present invention increases the gel density, decreases the porosity, and also blocks existing fine cracks and pores, thereby effectively improving the permeability resistance of concrete.
The test results show that the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability agent prepared by the embodiment of the invention can effectively improve the anti-cracking and anti-permeability performance of the concrete.
Claims (4)
1. The concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 0.1-1% of ammonium pentaborate, 1-10% of polyaluminium sulfate, 3-5% of ammonium sulfate, 1-5% of potassium oleate and the balance of water.
2. The preparation method of the concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive disclosed by claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
1) weighing the raw material components according to the proportion for later use, wherein the raw material components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 0.1-1% of ammonium pentaborate, 1-10% of polyaluminium sulfate, 3-5% of ammonium sulfate, 1-5% of potassium oleate and the balance of water;
2) adding ammonium pentaborate and water into a reaction kettle, stirring for 10-15 minutes at room temperature, adding polyaluminium sulfate, stirring for 10-25 minutes, adding ammonium sulfate, stirring for 15-30 minutes at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, finally adding potassium oleate, stirring for 60-85 minutes, stopping heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive.
3. The method for preparing the concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive according to claim 2, wherein the stirring speed in the step 2) is 50 to 70 r/min.
4. The use method of the concrete crack-resistant and anti-permeability additive disclosed by claim 1 is characterized in that: the concrete anti-cracking and anti-permeability additive is added into concrete according to 1-5% of the mass of the cementing material, and the concrete product with anti-cracking and anti-permeability performance is obtained by pouring, vibrating and curing the concrete as the anti-cracking and anti-permeability concrete, or is filled in concrete cracks for repairing the cracks.
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| CN115028387A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-09 | 武汉鑫聚图科技有限公司 | High-efficiency concrete crack-resistant anti-permeability complexing agent prepared from industrial wastes |
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| CN113429148B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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Effective date of registration: 20240522 Address after: 434000 Huojia Office Office Building, Xintan Town, Honghu City, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Honghu Kexin Oil and Fat Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 430074, No. 693 Xiong Chu street, Hongshan District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee before: WUHAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Country or region before: China |