CN113428040A - Space-time coordination method for charging electric automobile - Google Patents

Space-time coordination method for charging electric automobile Download PDF

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CN113428040A
CN113428040A CN202110767133.1A CN202110767133A CN113428040A CN 113428040 A CN113428040 A CN 113428040A CN 202110767133 A CN202110767133 A CN 202110767133A CN 113428040 A CN113428040 A CN 113428040A
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charging
time
electric vehicle
charging station
electric
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张嘉蕾
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Shanxi University
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Shanxi University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Electricity, gas or water supply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle charging decision, and particularly relates to a time-space coordination method for electric vehicle charging. The technical problems that the charging waiting time is too long and the utilization rate of a charging pile is low in the existing electric automobile charging mode are mainly solved. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a time-space coordination method for charging an electric automobile comprises the following steps: the electric vehicle users and the charging station operators, the charging station operators and the power distribution network operators and the charging station operators are communicated with each other through communication, and finally the charging station operators combine the charging requests of the electric vehicle users, the power constraints of the charging stations and the power constraints of the power distribution network to set reasonable and time-saving charging time and places for the electric vehicle users. The invention has the advantages of short charging waiting time and high utilization rate of the charging pile.

Description

Space-time coordination method for charging electric automobile
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle charging decision, and particularly relates to a time-space coordination method for electric vehicle charging.
Background
Uncontrolled charging of electric vehicles can compromise the safety and reliability of the power grid, especially at peak loads. For example, in Guangdong province of China, due to lack of electric vehicle charging management, peak load in Guangdong province will increase by at least 1.64% by 2020. Therefore, the control technology of charging electric vehicles is in need of improvement.
There are generally two modes of charging an electric vehicle: destination charging and emergency charging. The destination charging means that a charging place is fixed, such as a private parking space or a unit parking lot. The charging place and time of the urgent charging are not fixed, and the charging time and place are mainly determined by the user of the electric automobile. Therefore, in contrast, coordination of charging load of an electric vehicle for emergency charging is more complicated, and consideration is given to not only coordinating charging time and charging place, but also considering whether a user can accept coordination, and also considering avoiding overload of aggregated charging on a power grid.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overlong charging waiting time and low utilization rate of a charging pile in the conventional electric automobile charging mode, and provides a time-space coordination method for charging an electric automobile.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a time-space coordination method for charging an electric automobile comprises the following steps: the electric vehicle users and the charging station operators, the charging station operators and the power distribution network operators and the charging station operators are communicated with each other through communication, and finally the charging station operators combine the charging requests of the electric vehicle users, the power constraints of the charging stations and the power constraints of the power distribution network to set reasonable and time-saving charging time and places for the electric vehicle users.
Further, the charging station operator makes a reasonable and time-saving decision on charging time and place for the electric vehicle user as follows: a charging decision stage and a charging space-time coordination stage;
the charging decision stage comprises the following steps:
(1) and counting and classifying the electric automobiles: before coordinating charging time and place, a charging station operator needs to count and classify electric vehicles which are going to be charged in the charging station in advance; at time t, N total electric vehicles which are scheduled to be charged to charging station K (K is 1,2, …, K) are setkVehicle, driving time from electric vehicle i to charging station k
Figure BDA0003151198610000021
Planning the charging service radius R of the charging station kkComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003151198610000022
radius of service to be charged RkIs dispersed as NREqual intervals of radius Δ R; radius equal spacing Δ R further discretizes the circular service area of charging station k into NRAn annular belt Gk,r(ii) a Annular band G of charging station kk,rIs defined as:
Gk,r＝[(r-1)ΔR,rΔR],r＝1,2,…,NR (2)
traveling time from electric vehicle i to charging station k
Figure BDA0003151198610000023
Counting and classifying the electric vehicles, i.e. determining the annular zone G in which the electric vehicles i are distributedk,rIn particular, see the following formula:
Figure BDA0003151198610000024
in the formula, Nk,rIs shown distributed in an endless belt Gk,rThe total number of electric vehicles in (1) and the order of the electric vehicles belong to the annular belt Gk,rBelonging to the same set Sk,rIn, is recorded as i ∈ Sk,r；
Making the radius equal interval delta R equal to the control interval delta T of the electric automobile charging space-time coordination strategy to ensure that reasonable charging time is formulated for the electric automobiles distributed in different annular bands;
(2) the charging decision level leads the charging station to provide service for the electric vehicle arriving earlier on a first-come-first-obtained basis; will be distributed in particular in the endless belt Gk,rThe driving time of the electric vehicle i to the charging station k
Figure BDA0003151198610000025
Convert to urgency H of electric vehiclei,k,r，
Figure BDA0003151198610000026
(3) And aiming at maximizing the charging urgency, considering the available power of the charging station and the available power of the power distribution network, and determining the electric vehicles which can be currently accepted by the charging station, namely:
Figure BDA0003151198610000027
Figure BDA0003151198610000028
Figure BDA0003151198610000029
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA00031511986100000210
is shown distributed in an endless belt Gk,rThe charging power required by the electric vehicle i;
Figure BDA00031511986100000211
indicating whether the material is received or not in the endless belt Gk,r0-1 decision variable of the inner electric automobile i, wherein 0 represents non-admission, and 1 represents admission; pk: represents the charging power that the charging station k can provide; j: the system is used for marking occupied charging piles; mk: the number of occupied charging piles is marked; pj,k: indicating the output power of the occupied charging pile in the charging station k; OP (optical fiber)k: representing a set of occupied charging piles in the charging station k; pref: a power command indicative of a power operational limit or economic optimization of the power distribution network;
(4) according to decision variables
Figure BDA0003151198610000031
Giving a charging decision of the electric automobile;
(II) the charging space-time coordination stage comprises the following steps:
the charging time-space coordination level coordinates the charging time and the charging place of the electric automobile by taking three constraints as principles;
(5) the first constraint of the charge spatio-temporal coordination stage is that the estimated waiting time should not exceed the maximum time tolerable by the user, which is expressed in particular by the following equation:
Figure BDA0003151198610000032
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003151198610000033
indicating the number of times the electric vehicle i is time coordinated,
Figure BDA0003151198610000034
the maximum waiting time that the user can endure for the electric automobile i is represented;
(6) and the second constraint of the charging space-time coordination level is that the current charge capacity of the electric automobile i can support the adjustment of a charging place, and is specifically represented as the following formula:
Figure BDA0003151198610000035
in the formula, Qi,k,r: expressed as the battery capacity of the electric vehicle i;
Figure BDA0003151198610000036
representing the current charge of the battery of the electric automobile i;
Figure BDA0003151198610000037
expressing the minimum charge of the i battery of the electric automobile to avoid over-discharge;
Figure BDA0003151198610000038
k for indicating that the electric vehicle i drives to the charging station*The running distance of; vi,k,r: representing the average power consumption of the electric automobile i per kilometer; k is a radical of*: electric steamA candidate charging station for vehicle i;
(7) and the third constraint of the charge space-time coordination level is to keep the time cost of the electric vehicle user to be minimum, and is specifically expressed as the following formula:
Figure BDA0003151198610000039
in the formula, α: an incentive factor representing a user of the electric vehicle to change the charging location for balancing the energy cost and the time cost;
Figure BDA00031511986100000310
indicating electric vehicle i to candidate charging station k*The running time of (2);
the candidate charging station k*Is a charging Station (SV) around the electric vehicle ikMore than or equal to 0, k is 1,2, 3), the charging station with the shortest driving time from the electric vehicle i to a certain charging station is selected, and the driving time is expressed as:
Figure BDA0003151198610000041
in the formula, SVk: represents the service capacity available to the charging station, which is defined as:
Figure BDA0003151198610000042
in the formula, SVk1, 0 or-1: the available service capacity of the corresponding charging station is idle, normal and busy; β represents the dynamic margin of available service capacity;
Figure BDA0003151198610000043
the charging station k is used for charging the charging piles;
(8) the charging time-space coordination level can obtain the coordination arrangement of the charging time and the charging place of the electric automobile according to the three constraints, and the coordination arrangement comprises the following steps:
(I) if all three constraints are satisfied, the charging sites need to be coordinated, which is expressed as
Figure BDA0003151198610000044
Figure BDA0003151198610000045
Is a sign of charging site coordination.
(II) otherwise, the charging sites need no coordination, and the charging times need coordination, expressed as
Figure BDA0003151198610000046
Further, the dependent decision variable
Figure BDA0003151198610000047
The charging decision of the electric automobile is given by: the charging decision of the electric vehicle i has two results: decision variables
Figure BDA0003151198610000048
That is, the charging station k receives the electric vehicle i for charging, the waiting time of the electric vehicle i from reaching the charging station to charging is
Figure BDA0003151198610000049
The moment of connecting into the idle charging pile and starting charging is
Figure BDA00031511986100000410
The charging place is a charging station k; decision variables
Figure BDA00031511986100000411
That is, the charging station k does not accept charging of the electric vehicle i in the current charging decision.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the technical scheme, the charging time and the charging place of the electric automobile can be coordinated in a non-centralized manner according to the power constraint of the power distribution network, the power constraint of the charging station and the selection of the charging station of the user, so that the waiting time of the user of the electric automobile for charging is prevented from being too long, the electric automobile is prevented from gathering the charging to overload the power distribution network belt, and the utilization rate of the charging pile is improved. The technical problems that the charging waiting time is too long and the utilization rate of a charging pile is low in the existing electric automobile charging mode are solved. Compared with the background art, the method has the advantages of short charging waiting time and high utilization rate of the charging pile.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of electric vehicle charging space-time coordination according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The space-time coordination method for charging the electric automobile in the embodiment comprises the following steps: the electric vehicle users and the charging station operators, the charging station operators and the power distribution network operators and the charging station operators are communicated with each other through the communication network, and finally, the charging station operators combine the charging requests of the electric vehicle users, the power constraints of the charging stations and the power constraints of the power distribution network to set reasonable and time-saving charging time and places for the electric vehicle users.
The charging station operator makes a reasonable and time-saving decision on charging time and place for the electric vehicle user, and the decision is divided into: a charging decision stage and a charging space-time coordination stage;
the charging decision stage comprises the following steps:
(1) and counting and classifying the electric automobiles: before coordinating charging time and place, a charging station operator needs to count and classify electric vehicles which are going to be charged in the charging station in advance; taking charging station K (K is 1,2, …, K) as an example, at time t, N total electric vehicles scheduled to be charged to charging station K are setkVehicle, driving time from electric vehicle i to charging station k
Figure BDA0003151198610000051
Planning the charging service radius R of the charging station kkComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003151198610000052
radius of service to be charged RkIs dispersed as NREqual intervals of radius Δ R; radius equal spacing Δ R further discretizes the circular service area of charging station k into NRAn annular belt Gk,r(ii) a Annular band G of charging station kk,rIs defined as:
Gk,r＝[(r-1)ΔR,rΔR],r＝1,2,…,NR (2)
traveling time from electric vehicle i to charging station k
Figure BDA0003151198610000053
Counting and classifying the electric vehicles, i.e. determining the annular zone G in which the electric vehicles i are distributedk,rIn particular, see the following formula:
Figure BDA0003151198610000054
in the formula, Nk,rIs shown distributed in an endless belt Gk,rThe total number of electric vehicles in (1) and the order of the electric vehicles belong to the annular belt Gk,rBelonging to the same set Sk,rIn, is recorded as i ∈ Sk,r；
Making the radius equal interval delta R equal to the control interval delta T of the electric automobile charging space-time coordination strategy to ensure that reasonable charging time is formulated for the electric automobiles distributed in different annular bands;
(2) the charging decision level leads the charging station to provide service for the electric vehicle arriving earlier on a first-come-first-obtained basis; will be distributed in particular in the endless belt Gk,rThe driving time of the electric vehicle i to the charging station k
Figure BDA0003151198610000061
Convert to urgency H of electric vehiclei,k,r，
Figure BDA0003151198610000062
(3) And aiming at maximizing the charging urgency, considering the available power of the charging station and the available power of the power distribution network, and determining the electric vehicles which can be currently accepted by the charging station, namely:
Figure BDA0003151198610000063
Figure BDA0003151198610000064
Figure BDA0003151198610000065
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003151198610000066
is shown distributed in an endless belt Gk,rThe charging power required by the electric vehicle i;
Figure BDA0003151198610000067
indicating whether the material is received or not in the endless belt Gk,r0-1 decision variable of the inner electric automobile i, wherein 0 represents non-admission, and 1 represents admission; pk: represents the charging power that the charging station k can provide; j: the system is used for marking occupied charging piles; mk: the number of occupied charging piles is marked; pj,k: indicating the output power of the occupied charging pile in the charging station k; OP (optical fiber)k: representing a set of occupied charging piles in the charging station k; pref: a power command indicative of a power operational limit or economic optimization of the power distribution network;
(4) according to decision variables
Figure BDA0003151198610000068
Giving a charging decision of the electric automobile; the dependent decision variable
Figure BDA0003151198610000069
The charging decision of the electric automobile is given by: the charging decision of the electric vehicle i has two results: decision variables
Figure BDA00031511986100000610
That is, the charging station k receives the electric vehicle i for charging, the waiting time of the electric vehicle i from reaching the charging station to charging is
Figure BDA00031511986100000611
The moment of connecting into the idle charging pile and starting charging is
Figure BDA00031511986100000612
The charging place is a charging station k; decision variables
Figure BDA00031511986100000613
Namely, the charging station k does not accept charging of the electric vehicle i in the current charging decision;
Figure BDA0003151198610000071
indicating the number of times the electric vehicle i is time coordinated.
(II) the charging space-time coordination stage comprises the following steps:
the charging time-space coordination level coordinates the charging time and the charging place of the electric automobile by taking three constraints as principles;
(5) the first constraint of the charge spatio-temporal coordination stage is that the estimated waiting time should not exceed the maximum time tolerable by the user, which is expressed in particular by the following equation:
Figure BDA0003151198610000072
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0003151198610000073
the maximum waiting time that the user can endure for the electric automobile i is represented;
(6) and the second constraint of the charging space-time coordination level is that the current charge capacity of the electric automobile i can support the adjustment of a charging place, and is specifically represented as the following formula:
Figure BDA0003151198610000074
in the formula, Qi,k,r: expressed as the battery capacity of the electric vehicle i;
Figure BDA0003151198610000075
representing the current charge of the battery of the electric automobile i;
Figure BDA0003151198610000076
expressing the minimum charge of the i battery of the electric automobile to avoid over-discharge;
Figure BDA0003151198610000077
k for indicating that the electric vehicle i drives to the charging station*The running distance of; vi,k,r: representing the average power consumption of the electric automobile i per kilometer; k is a radical of*: representing candidate charging stations for the electric vehicle i;
(7) and the third constraint of the charge space-time coordination level is to keep the time cost of the electric vehicle user to be minimum, and is specifically expressed as the following formula:
Figure BDA0003151198610000078
in the formula: α: an incentive factor representing a user of the electric vehicle to change the charging location for balancing the energy cost and the time cost;
Figure BDA0003151198610000079
indicating electric vehicle i to candidate charging station k*The running time of (2);
the candidate charging station k*Is a charging Station (SV) around the electric vehicle ikMore than or equal to 0, k is 1,2, 3), the charging station with the shortest driving time from the electric vehicle i to a certain charging station is selected, and the driving time is expressed as:
Figure BDA00031511986100000710
in the formula, SVk: represents the service capacity available to the charging station, which is defined as:
Figure BDA0003151198610000081
in the formula, SVk1, 0 or-1: the available service capacity of the corresponding charging station is idle, normal and busy; β represents the dynamic margin of available service capacity;
Figure BDA0003151198610000082
the charging station k is used for charging the charging piles;
(8) the charging time-space coordination level can obtain the coordination arrangement of the charging time and the charging place of the electric automobile according to the three constraints, and the coordination arrangement comprises the following steps:
(I) if all three constraints are satisfied, the charging sites need to be coordinated, which is expressed as
Figure BDA0003151198610000083
Figure BDA0003151198610000084
Is a sign of charging site coordination.
(II) otherwise, the charging sites need no coordination, and the charging times need coordination, expressed as
Figure BDA0003151198610000085
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to a specific example.
First, in time period t, each charging station operator counts and classifies electric vehicles going to the charging station in advance, that is, charging station K (K is 1,2, …, K) is an endless belt G in which the electric vehicle going to charging station K is locatedk,rMerge into different sets, i.e. Sk,1、Sk,2、Sk,3、…Sk,r…。
The charging station operators then join, in turn, in the same zone (denoted as the set (S)) at different charging stations1,1,S2,1,S3,1,…,Sk,1)、(S1,2,S2,2,S3,2,…,Sk,2)、…(S1,r,S2,r,S3,r,…,Sk,r)、(S1,r+1,S2,r+1,S3,r+1,…,Sk,r+1) …), decision variables obtained according to the charging decision stage
Figure BDA0003151198610000086
And giving charging decisions of the electric vehicle i, namely that the charging station k receives the electric vehicle i for charging and the charging station k does not receive the electric vehicle i for charging. And if the charging decision of the electric vehicle i is that the charging station k does not accept charging of the electric vehicle i, coordinating the charging time and the charging place according to the charging space-time coordination level.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific implementation steps are as follows:
s1, determining the acceptable set of each charging station (S) by each charging station operator according to the principle of first-come-first-serve and the aim of maximizing charging urgency by considering the available power of the charging station and the available power of the distribution network1,r,S2,r,S3,r,…,Sk,r) Which electric vehicles are charged.
S2, if the charging station k receives the electric automobile i for charging, the electric automobiles i are merged into a set OPkIn the charging station k, the charging station participates in the next collection (S) as the occupied charging pile1,r+1,S2,r+1,S3,r+1,…,Sk,r+1) The charging decision stage of (1).
And S3, if the charging station k does not accept the charging of the electric automobile i, coordinating the charging time and the charging place of the electric automobile i according to the three constraints in the charging space-time coordination level.
S4, if the electric automobile i meets the three constraint conditions, coordinating the charging place of the electric automobile i, namely coordinating the electric automobile i to the candidate charging station k*From candidate charging station k*Counting and classifying electric vehicles i to set Sk*,r*And a more reasonable and time-saving charging decision is made for the charging system.
S5, if the electric vehicle i cannot meet the three constraint conditions at the same time, the charging place of the electric vehicle i does not need to be coordinated, only the charging time of the electric vehicle i needs to be coordinated, namely, the time of the electric vehicle i being coordinated once is increased, and the waiting time of the electric vehicle i from reaching the charging station to charging is correspondingly increased
Figure BDA0003151198610000091
The charging time of the electric automobile is changed
Figure BDA0003151198610000092
Concrete preface
Figure BDA0003151198610000093
Then the electric automobiles i are merged into a set Sk,r+1In the step (S), the electric vehicle which is not yet determined to be charged in the charging station k participates in the next set (S)1,r+1,S2,r+1,S3,r+1,…,Sk,r+1) The charging decision stage of (1).
Finally, the steps of S1-S5 are repeated until the set is a set (S)1,1,S2,1,S3,1,…,Sk,1)、(S1,2,S2,2,S3,2,…,Sk,2)、…(S1,r,S2,r,S3,r,…,Sk,r)、(S1,r+1,S2,r+1,S3,r+1,…,Sk,r+1) …) to establish reasonably time-efficient charging times and locations.

Claims (3)

1. A space-time coordination method for charging of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps: the electric vehicle users and the charging station operators, the charging station operators and the power distribution network operators and the charging station operators are communicated with each other through communication, and finally the charging station operators combine the charging requests of the electric vehicle users, the power constraints of the charging stations and the power constraints of the power distribution network to set reasonable and time-saving charging time and places for the electric vehicle users.
2. The space-time coordination method for electric vehicle charging according to claim 1, characterized in that: the charging station operator makes a reasonable and time-saving decision on charging time and place for the electric vehicle user, and the decision is divided into: a charging decision stage and a charging space-time coordination stage;
the charging decision stage comprises the following steps:
(1) and counting and classifying the electric automobiles: before coordinating charging time and place, a charging station operator needs to count and classify electric vehicles which are going to be charged in the charging station in advance; at time t, N total electric vehicles which are scheduled to be charged to charging station K (K is 1,2, …, K) are setkVehicle, driving time from electric vehicle i to charging station k
Figure FDA0003151198600000011
Planning the charging service radius R of the charging station kkComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003151198600000012
radius of service to be charged RkIs dispersed as NREqual intervals of radius Δ R; radius equal spacing Δ R further discretizes the circular service area of charging station k into NRAn annular belt Gk,r(ii) a Annular band G of charging station kk,rIs defined as:
Gk,r＝[(r-1)ΔR,rΔR],r＝1,2,…,NR (2)
traveling time from electric vehicle i to charging station k
Figure FDA0003151198600000013
Counting and classifying the electric vehicles, i.e. determining the annular zone G in which the electric vehicles i are distributedk,rIn particular, see the following formula:
Figure FDA0003151198600000014
in the formula, Nk,rIs shown distributed in an endless belt Gk,rThe total number of electric vehicles in (1) and the order of the electric vehicles belong to the annular belt Gk,rBelonging to the same set Sk,rIn, is recorded as i ∈ Sk,r；
Making the radius equal interval delta R equal to the control interval delta T of the electric automobile charging space-time coordination strategy to ensure that reasonable charging time is formulated for the electric automobiles distributed in different annular bands;
(2) the charging decision level leads the charging station to provide service for the electric vehicle arriving earlier on a first-come-first-obtained basis; will be distributed in particular in the endless belt Gk,rThe driving time of the electric vehicle i to the charging station k
Figure FDA0003151198600000021
Convert to urgency H of electric vehiclei,k,r，
Figure FDA0003151198600000022
(3) And aiming at maximizing the charging urgency, considering the available power of the charging station and the available power of the power distribution network, and determining the electric vehicles which can be currently accepted by the charging station, namely:
Figure FDA0003151198600000023
Figure FDA0003151198600000024
Figure FDA0003151198600000025
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0003151198600000026
is shown distributed in an endless belt Gk,rThe charging power required by the electric vehicle i;
Figure FDA0003151198600000027
indicating whether the material is received or not in the endless belt Gk,r0-1 decision variable of the inner electric automobile i, wherein 0 represents non-admission, and 1 represents admission; pk: represents the charging power that the charging station k can provide; j: the system is used for marking occupied charging piles; mk: the number of occupied charging piles is marked; pj,k: indicating the output power of the occupied charging pile in the charging station k; OP (optical fiber)k: representing a set of occupied charging piles in the charging station k; pref: a power command indicative of a power operational limit or economic optimization of the power distribution network;
(4) according to decision variables
Figure FDA0003151198600000028
Giving a charging decision of the electric automobile;
(II) the charging space-time coordination stage comprises the following steps:
the charging time-space coordination level coordinates the charging time and the charging place of the electric automobile by taking three constraints as principles;
(5) the first constraint of the charge spatio-temporal coordination stage is that the estimated waiting time should not exceed the maximum time tolerable by the user, which is expressed in particular by the following equation:
Figure FDA0003151198600000029
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00031511986000000210
indicating the number of times the electric vehicle i is time coordinated,
Figure FDA00031511986000000211
the maximum waiting time that the user can endure for the electric automobile i is represented;
(6) and the second constraint of the charging space-time coordination level is that the current charge capacity of the electric automobile i can support the adjustment of a charging place, and is specifically represented as the following formula:
Figure FDA0003151198600000031
in the formula, Qi,k,r: expressed as the battery capacity of the electric vehicle i;
Figure FDA0003151198600000032
representing the current charge of the battery of the electric automobile i;
Figure FDA0003151198600000033
expressing the minimum charge of the i battery of the electric automobile to avoid over-discharge; di,k*: k for indicating that the electric vehicle i drives to the charging station*The running distance of; vi,k,r: representing the average power consumption of the electric automobile i per kilometer; k is a radical of*: representing candidate charging stations for the electric vehicle i;
(7) and the third constraint of the charge space-time coordination level is to keep the time cost of the electric vehicle user to be minimum, and is specifically expressed as the following formula:
Figure FDA0003151198600000034
in the formula, α: an incentive factor representing a user of the electric vehicle to change the charging location for balancing the energy cost and the time cost;
Figure FDA0003151198600000035
indicating electric vehicle i to candidate charging station k*The running time of (2);
the candidate charging station k*Is around the electric vehicle iCharging Station (SV)kNot less than 0, k is 1,2,3 …), the charging station with the shortest traveling time of the electric vehicle to a certain charging station is selected, and the following expression is given:
Figure FDA0003151198600000036
in the formula, SVk: represents the service capacity available to the charging station, which is defined as:
Figure FDA0003151198600000037
in the formula, SVk1, 0 or-1: the available service capacity of the corresponding charging station is idle, normal and busy; β represents the dynamic margin of available service capacity;
Figure FDA0003151198600000038
the charging station k is used for charging the charging piles;
(8) the charging time-space coordination level can obtain the coordination arrangement of the charging time and the charging place of the electric automobile according to the three constraints, and the coordination arrangement comprises the following steps:
(I) if all three constraints are satisfied, the charging sites need to be coordinated, which is expressed as
Figure FDA0003151198600000039
Figure FDA00031511986000000310
Is a sign of charging site coordination;
(II) otherwise, the charging sites need no coordination, and the charging times need coordination, expressed as
Figure FDA0003151198600000041
3. The electric vehicle charging system of claim 2The space-time coordination method is characterized in that: the dependent decision variable
Figure FDA0003151198600000042
The charging decision of the electric automobile is given by: the charging decision of the electric vehicle i has two results: decision variables
Figure FDA0003151198600000043
That is, the charging station k receives the electric vehicle i for charging, the waiting time of the electric vehicle i from reaching the charging station to charging is
Figure FDA0003151198600000044
The moment of connecting into the idle charging pile and starting charging is
Figure FDA0003151198600000045
The charging place is a charging station k; decision variables
Figure FDA0003151198600000046
That is, the charging station k does not accept charging of the electric vehicle i in the current charging decision.
CN202110767133.1A 2021-07-07 2021-07-07 Space-time coordination method for charging electric automobile Pending CN113428040A (en)

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