CN113426245B - High-purity gas preparation method based on pressure swing adsorption - Google Patents
High-purity gas preparation method based on pressure swing adsorption Download PDFInfo
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- CN113426245B CN113426245B CN202110758276.6A CN202110758276A CN113426245B CN 113426245 B CN113426245 B CN 113426245B CN 202110758276 A CN202110758276 A CN 202110758276A CN 113426245 B CN113426245 B CN 113426245B
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 493
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 138
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013024 troubleshooting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
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- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of gas purification, in particular to a preparation method of high-purity gas based on pressure swing adsorption. According to the method, on the basis of keeping regeneration pressure equalization of the adsorption towers, the adsorption towers are connected in series on the adsorption path, so that the purity of the product gas is effectively improved, and during regeneration, the adsorption towers which are regenerated are connected in series into the adsorption path, and then the first-stage adsorption tower of the original adsorption path is disconnected for regeneration, so that the influence on the purity of the product gas during replacement of the adsorption towers can be reduced; meanwhile, the adsorption tower still keeps the advantages of the original pressure-equalizing operation, can keep larger adsorption pressure, reduce pressure drop, reduce air flow fluctuation and effectively improve the gas yield. The method can be used for purifying various gases such as hydrogen, methane and the like to obtain the product gas with higher purity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gas purification, in particular to a preparation method of high-purity gas based on pressure swing adsorption.
Background
Pressure swing adsorption, abbreviated as PSA, is an adsorption-desorption system consisting of pressure adsorption and pressure reduction regeneration. The adsorption quantity of the adsorbent to the adsorbate increases with the increase of the pressure and decreases with the decrease of the pressure, and the adsorbed gas is released in the process of reducing the pressure to normal pressure or vacuumizing under the condition of pressurization so as to regenerate the adsorbent. The system usually comprises a plurality of adsorption towers, and each adsorption tower circularly and alternately carries out pressurization adsorption and decompression regeneration processes, so that raw gas is continuously input, and product gas is continuously output.
The pressure boost and the step-down of adsorption tower adopt the mode of many towers voltage-sharing usually, the adsorption tower that is in the regeneration state that steps down all gives the adsorption tower that is in the state of stepping up in advance and pressure ratio its is low promptly with the gas in the adsorption tower, make the adsorption tower of regeneration state step down, the adsorption tower of the state that steps up in advance realizes stepping up, can effectually utilize the residual gas in the adsorption tower like this, avoid with its discharge system, cause the waste, the rate of recovery is improved, the multiple boost and the multiple step-down of adsorption tower simultaneously, it is undulant to the impact of adsorbent bed with the reduction gas to retrieve the pressure in the pressure-reducing tower.
For example, patent application with publication number CN108310909A discloses a method for extracting H2 from purified terephthalic acid tail gas containing CO by pressure swing adsorption, in example 1, 5 adsorption towers connected in parallel are adopted, and each adsorption tower respectively undergoes processes of adsorption, pressure equalization, evacuation, pressure equalization, final charge and the like in one cycle period, the process is 5-1-3V, that is, 1 adsorption tower in 5 adsorption towers is always in an adsorption state, and the other 4 adsorption towers are in processes of desorption, pressure boost and the like, wherein pressure equalization is performed for 3 times.
In pressure swing adsorption, the purity of gas purification is mainly influenced by factors such as adsorption pressure, loading of adsorbent, height of adsorption tower, and although the mode smoothly reaches higher adsorption pressure through pressure equalizing many times, only one adsorption tower adsorbs all the time, single adsorption tower adsorption capacity is limited all the time, and the cost is increased to a great extent again through mode promotion adsorption capacity such as increase body height of the tower. In order to solve the problem, part of the prior art adopts a series pressure swing adsorption mode, and most of the pressure swing adsorption modes are that all gas adsorbed by a first set of system is used as raw gas adsorbed by a second set of system to be adsorbed again, namely, two sets of systems in series are adopted to complete pressure swing adsorption in two steps or multiple steps to produce products. However, this causes the conditions that the utilization rate of the adsorption tower of the second stage or more is low, and the two systems are difficult to cooperate with each other for pressure equalization.
In view of the above problem, patent application publication No. CN1460535A discloses a direct series one-step pressure swing adsorption process, in which the system comprises at least three adsorption tower sets, each adsorption tower is formed by directly connecting two adsorption towers in series, the raw material gas enters a first and a second adsorption towers communicated with each other in a certain tower set for adsorption, when the easily-adsorbed component in the product is about to exceed the standard, the output is cut off, then the tower set and other adsorption tower sets or/and a pressure equalizing tower, a certain adsorption tower in other adsorption tower sets and a certain tower in the tower set and a certain adsorption tower in other adsorption tower sets perform pressure equalizing drop, after the pressure equalizing drop finally, the gas evacuated from the second tower in the tower set in the direction opposite to the gas inlet direction is recovered, and then the pressure equalizing rise and the process are performed, and the process is repeated. This patent application is through directly establishing ties two adsorption towers as the tower group in pressure swing adsorption system, has effectively improved the purity of difficult absorption component product, but still has some problems, and it is more mainly to lie in required adsorption tower quantity, is 6 adsorption towers promptly for 3 groups at least, and two adsorption towers in every group adsorption tower are fixed to be collocated simultaneously to rotate simultaneously and adsorb, the pressure-equalizing, the desorption process etc. make the purity fluctuation of product gas great relatively.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-purity gas preparation method based on pressure swing adsorption, which can obtain high-purity gas and ensure that the purity of product gas is more stable.
The invention discloses a high-purity gas preparation method based on pressure swing adsorption, which comprises the steps of utilizing at least two adsorption towers to be connected in series to form an adsorption path to perform adsorption, introducing feed gas into a first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption through a feed gas pipeline, enabling the feed gas to sequentially pass through the rest adsorption towers for performing adsorption, enabling purified product gas to flow out of a last-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption to enter a product gas pipeline, and enabling adsorption towers which do not perform adsorption to respectively perform a regeneration process comprising pressure equalization, final rising and desorption;
when the first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption meets the desorption requirement, the regenerated rear-stage adsorption tower is connected in series into the adsorption path, the first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption is disconnected with the raw material gas pipeline and the product gas pipeline to form a new adsorption path, the adsorption tower disconnected from the adsorption path is communicated with other adsorption towers needing to be lifted through the pressure equalizing pipeline to perform uniform lifting, and the adsorption tower is desorbed, uniformly lifted and finally lifted and then connected into the adsorption path again to realize circulation.
Preferably, the final-rising line is connected to a product gas line, and when the adsorption tower is finished, the final rising is performed by introducing the product gas into the adsorption tower.
Preferably, after the adsorption towers are all lowered, the adsorption towers are sequentially deflated through a sequential deflation pipeline and then desorbed;
and the downstream gas release pipeline is connected with a pressurizing device in front of the adsorption system, and the downstream gas is introduced into the pressurizing device for pressurizing and then is adsorbed again.
Preferably, the pressure equalizing is carried out at least twice in the regeneration process of the adsorption tower, the final rising pipeline is used as a pressure equalizing pipeline for the first pressure equalizing, and the downstream gas discharging pipeline is used as a pressure equalizing pipeline for the rest pressure equalizing.
Preferably, the adsorption outlet pipeline of each adsorption tower is connected with a standby pipeline;
when a certain adsorption tower breaks down, the gas adsorbed by the upper-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower sequentially passes through the standby pipeline, the adsorption outlet pipeline of the fault adsorption tower and the serial pipeline of the fault adsorption tower and the next-stage adsorption tower and enters from the adsorption inlet pipeline of the next-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower, so that the upper-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower and the next-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower are connected in series to form a new adsorption path.
Preferably, an adsorption inlet pipeline of each adsorption tower is connected with a standby pipeline;
when a certain adsorption tower breaks down, the gas adsorbed by the upper-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower sequentially passes through the serial pipeline of the fault adsorption tower and the upper-stage adsorption tower, the adsorption inlet pipeline of the fault adsorption tower and the standby pipeline, and enters from the adsorption inlet pipeline of the lower-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower, so that the upper-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower and the lower-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower are connected in series to form a new adsorption path.
Preferably, the pressure equalizing pipeline is connected to an adsorption inlet pipeline of the adsorption tower;
when the pressure equalizing of the adsorption tower is carried out, gas in the adsorption tower which is lowered uniformly enters the pressure equalizing pipeline from the adsorption outlet pipeline through the series pipeline, and then enters from the adsorption inlet of the adsorption tower which is raised uniformly, so that the pressure equalizing is realized.
Preferably, after the adsorption tower is lowered, reverse air release is carried out through a reverse air release pipeline, then desorption is carried out, and the reverse air release pipeline is connected with an adsorption inlet pipeline of the adsorption tower;
when the adsorption tower is pressure-equalized, the reverse air release pipeline is used as a pressure equalizing pipeline.
Preferably, an adsorption outlet pipeline of the adsorption tower is connected with a final-rise pipeline, and the final-rise pipeline is connected with a product gas pipeline;
when the adsorption tower is finished, the product gas enters the final-rising pipeline from the product gas pipeline and then enters the adsorption tower from the adsorption outlet pipeline of the adsorption tower which performs final rising.
Preferably, the adsorption inlet pipeline of the adsorption tower is connected with a final-rise pipeline;
when the adsorption tower is finished, the product gas enters an adsorption outlet pipeline of the adsorption tower for final lifting from a product gas pipeline, enters a final lifting pipeline through a serial pipeline between the adsorption tower for final lifting and the next-stage adsorption tower, and enters the adsorption tower from an adsorption inlet pipeline of the adsorption tower for final lifting from the final lifting pipeline.
According to the method, on the basis of keeping regeneration pressure equalization of the adsorption towers, the adsorption towers are connected in series on the adsorption path, so that the purity of the product gas is effectively improved, and during regeneration, the adsorption towers which are regenerated are connected in series into the adsorption path, and then the first-stage adsorption tower of the original adsorption path is disconnected for regeneration, so that the influence on the purity of the product gas during switching of the adsorption towers can be reduced; meanwhile, the adsorption tower still keeps the advantages of the original pressure-equalizing operation, can keep larger adsorption pressure, reduce pressure drop, reduce air flow fluctuation and effectively improve the gas yield. The method can be used for purifying various gases such as hydrogen, methane and the like to obtain product gas with higher purity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals are as follows:
v101 cis-bleed buffer tank of T101A-T101E desorption tower
V102 desorption gas buffer tank V103 product gas buffer tank
P101A, P101B vacuum pump 1 raw material gas pipeline
2 product gas pipeline 3 series pipeline
4 final rising pipeline 5 along gas discharge pipeline
6 reverse air release pipeline 7 vacuum pumping pipeline
8 spare pipeline 9 adsorbs inlet pipeline
10 adsorption outlet pipeline
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below.
The invention discloses a preparation method of high-purity gas based on pressure swing adsorption, which comprises the steps of utilizing at least two adsorption towers to be connected in series to form an adsorption path to perform adsorption, introducing feed gas into a first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption through a feed gas pipeline 1, sequentially passing through the rest adsorption towers for performing adsorption, enabling purified product gas to flow out of a last-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption and enter a product gas pipeline 2, and respectively executing regeneration processes including final rise, pressure equalization and desorption on the adsorption towers which do not perform adsorption;
when the first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption meets the desorption requirement, the regenerated rear-stage adsorption tower is connected in series into the adsorption path, the first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption is disconnected from the raw material gas pipeline 1 and the product gas pipeline 2 to form a new adsorption path, the adsorption tower disconnected from the adsorption path is communicated with other adsorption towers needing pressure equalization through a pressure equalization pipeline to perform pressure equalization, desorption, pressure equalization and final rise are performed after pressure equalization, and the adsorption path is connected again to realize circulation.
As shown in fig. 1, the description will be given by taking as an example the adsorption columns T101A, T101B performing adsorption and the adsorption columns T101C, T101D, T101E, T101F regenerating. The raw gas enters the bottom of an adsorption tower T101A from a raw gas pipeline 1 after being pressurized, the gas is output from the top of the adsorption tower T101A and then enters an adsorption tower T101B through a series pipeline 3, the gas after two-stage adsorption enters a product gas pipeline 2 from an adsorption outlet pipeline 10 at the top of the adsorption tower T101B, and the product gas pipeline 2 can be connected with a product gas buffer tank V103 for buffering;
because the adsorption tower T101A is used as the first-stage adsorption, it adsorbs more impurities, and first reaches the desorption regeneration requirement, and the judgment standard is that the leading edge of the mass transfer zone (also called adsorption leading edge) reaches the reserved section of the bed outlet, at this time, the adsorption tower T101C that has completed regeneration is connected in series to the adsorption tower T101B through the series pipeline 3 between the adsorption tower T101B and the adsorption tower T101C, and then the connection between the adsorption tower T101A and the adsorption path is disconnected, i.e. the raw material gas enters from the bottom of the adsorption tower T101B, and the product gas after adsorption by the adsorption tower T101B and the adsorption tower T101C enters from the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 at the top of the adsorption tower T101C into the product gas pipeline 2, thereby completing the replacement of the adsorption tower, and the subsequent cycle replacement is also performed according to this.
In the regeneration process of the adsorption tower T101A, the pressure equalization can be carried out with other adsorption towers, for example, the adsorption tower T101A can carry out the first pressure equalization with the adsorption tower T101D and then carry out the second pressure equalization with the adsorption tower T101E; the adsorption tower T101A may be desorbed after being lowered, and the specific desorption may be vacuum pumping or flushing, and is determined according to specific requirements, as shown in the embodiment of fig. 1, that is, the vacuum pumping pipeline 7 is provided, and the vacuum pumping pipeline 7 is connected to the vacuum pumps P101A and P101B, and the desorption is performed by vacuum pumping. After the desorption of the adsorption tower T101A is finished, the adsorption tower T101A is communicated with other adsorption towers for uniform rising, and finally, after the adsorption tower T101A is connected to an adsorption loop after the final rising pressure reaches the adsorption pressure, the adsorption is executed, and the other adsorption towers are circulated according to the adsorption loop. The regeneration pressure equalizing process of the adsorption tower can be executed by referring to the existing pressure equalizing process. The total number of the adsorption towers and the number of the adsorption towers connected in series are set according to requirements, and the more the number of the adsorption towers connected in series is, the better the gas purification effect is. For example, if the total number of the adsorption towers is 6, a mode of serially connecting 2 adsorption towers for adsorption can be adopted, and the rest 4 adsorption towers are in a state of pressure-equalizing regeneration and the like; for another example, if the total number of adsorption towers is 10, 5 or 6 adsorption towers may be used to perform adsorption in series, and the remaining 5 or 4 adsorption towers may be in a state of pressure equalization regeneration.
The final rise of the adsorption tower can be pressurized by using raw material gas, or by using product gas, however, if the raw material gas is pressurized, part of impurities will be brought into the adsorption tower, although most of the part of impurities will also be adsorbed, but the adsorption environment is different from that of the formal adsorption loop, when the adsorption tower is connected in series to the adsorption path, the flow of the part of gas may affect the stability of the purity of the product, therefore, as shown in fig. 1, in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the final rise pipeline 4 is connected with the product gas pipeline 2, and when the adsorption tower is finally raised, the product gas is introduced into the adsorption tower to perform the final rise.
The adsorption tower still contains partial pressure after all falling, needs to be deflated, and can be deflated in a forward deflation mode and a reverse deflation mode in a specific deflation mode, wherein the forward deflation mode and the reverse deflation mode have advantages and disadvantages respectively. In one embodiment of the present application, the adsorption towers are all lowered and then are vented along the vent line 5, followed by desorption; and the downstream gas discharge pipeline 5 is connected with a pressurizing device in front of the adsorption system, and the downstream gas is introduced into the pressurizing device for pressurizing again and then adsorbing. In this way, the yield of the product can be further improved, and a forward gas release buffer tank V101 for buffering gas can be provided in the forward gas release line 5. Certainly, the reverse air release can also be carried out, and the reverse air release has the advantages that part of impurities can be released while the air release is carried out, so that the subsequent flushing or vacuumizing desorption is more thorough, the reverse air release and the vacuumized gas contain more impurities, and the buffer post-treatment can be uniformly carried out through the desorption gas buffer tank V102.
Generally, the more the pressure equalizing times of the adsorption tower are, the higher the gas yield is, and the smaller the pressure drop and the gas shock fluctuation are, and of course, the specific pressure equalizing times are set as required. Under the conditions of forward air release and final rise of the product gas, if the pressure equalization is carried out on the adsorption tower at least twice, the final rise pipeline 4 is used as a pressure equalization pipeline for the first pressure equalization, and the forward air release pipeline 5 is used as a pressure equalization pipeline for the rest of pressure equalization. Note that the primary pressure equalization here includes the uniform ascending of one adsorption column and the uniform descending of one adsorption column, and both of them are combined to form the primary pressure equalization. For the first time of pressure equalization, because the pressure is relatively high and impurities in the gas are relatively less, the final rising pipeline 4 can be used as a pressure equalization pipeline, and excessive impurities cannot be brought to the final rising pipeline 4; and as the subsequent pressure equalization is carried out, part of impurities can be desorbed from the adsorption tower along with the reduction of the pressure, so that the downstream gas discharge pipeline is adopted as a pressure equalization pipeline, and the impurities are prevented from entering a final rising pipeline, and further, the increase of the impurities in the product gas is avoided.
Because each adsorption tower in this application is the looks series connection, in case certain adsorption tower breaks down, then can cause the series connection route to break off, and whole adsorption system can't continue the circulation operation, in order to solve this problem, this application provides following two kinds of implementation modes.
Firstly, an adsorption outlet pipeline of each adsorption tower is connected with a standby pipeline; when a certain adsorption tower breaks down, gas adsorbed by the upper-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower sequentially passes through the standby pipeline, the adsorption outlet pipeline of the fault adsorption tower, and the serial pipeline of the fault adsorption tower and the lower-stage adsorption tower, and enters from the adsorption inlet pipeline of the lower-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower, so that the upper-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower and the lower-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower are connected in series to form a new adsorption path.
Taking the downdraft pipeline 5 in fig. 1 as an example of a spare pipeline, if the adsorption tower T101B fails, the adsorption path is eliminated, and after the gas is output from the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 of the adsorption tower T101A, the gas sequentially passes through the spare pipeline, the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 of the adsorption tower T101B, and the serial pipeline 3 of the adsorption towers T101B and T101C, and enters from the adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower T101C, that is, the adsorption towers T101A and T101C form a serial adsorption path.
Secondly, an adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of each adsorption tower is connected with a standby pipeline; when a certain adsorption tower breaks down, gas adsorbed by the upper-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower sequentially passes through the serial pipeline of the fault adsorption tower and the upper-stage adsorption tower, the adsorption inlet pipeline of the fault adsorption tower and the standby pipeline, and enters from the adsorption inlet pipeline of the lower-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower, so that the upper-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower and the lower-stage adsorption tower of the fault adsorption tower are connected in series to form a new adsorption path.
As shown in fig. 2, the spare line 8 is provided on the side of the adsorption inlet line 9 of each adsorption tower, and if the adsorption tower T101B fails, the gas is discharged from the adsorption outlet line 10 of the adsorption tower T101A out of the adsorption path, and then sequentially passes through the serial line 3 of the adsorption towers T101A and T101B, the adsorption inlet line 9 of the adsorption tower T101B, and the spare line 8, and enters from the adsorption inlet line 9 of the adsorption tower T101C, that is, the adsorption towers T101A and T101C form the serial adsorption path.
Above-mentioned two kinds of embodiments all can be when certain adsorption tower breaks down, walk around this adsorption tower and make adsorption system still can operate, can overhaul the trouble adsorption tower during this period, treat the troubleshooting back, insert the adsorption loop with it again, make the system resume normal operating.
The existing pressure equalizing mode, the gas that is the adsorption tower that all falls simultaneously flows from the adsorption outlet, behind the pressure equalizing pipe, the adsorption tower that rises from all flows in from the adsorption outlet, mention earlier the pressure equalizing in-process because pressure reduces, some impurity can come out from the desorption in the adsorption tower, carried by the pressure equalizing air current, the absorption entry of this part of impurity adsorption tower after desorption gets into, can be close to the district of entry and form the secondary absorption in the adsorption tower, when this adsorption tower inserts the absorption return circuit once more, by adsorbed impurity can have partly again and flow out from the adsorption outlet along with the air current, and then influence the purity of product gas, and the pressure equalizing number of times is more, this situation is more obvious. In view of this, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the pressure equalizing line is connected to the adsorption inlet line 9 of the adsorption column; when the pressure of the adsorption tower is equalized, gas in the adsorption tower which is uniformly dropped enters a pressure equalizing pipeline from the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 through the series pipeline 3, and then enters from the adsorption inlet of the adsorption tower which is uniformly risen, so that the pressure equalization is realized. Namely, the series pipeline 3 between the adsorption towers is utilized to lead the pressure equalizing gas from the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 to the adsorption inlet pipeline 9, the gas is fed from the adsorption inlet pipeline 9, the secondary adsorption of impurities in the pressure equalizing gas is also in the area of the adsorption tower close to the adsorption inlet pipeline 9, and the purity of the product gas of the part of impurities can not be influenced after the subsequent adsorption path is connected.
Similarly to the above, the pressure equalizing pipeline may be independently arranged, or other pipelines may be used as well, for example, when reverse gas release is adopted, the reverse gas release is performed through the reverse gas release pipeline 6 after the adsorption tower is lowered, and then desorption is performed, and the reverse gas release pipeline 6 is connected to the adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower; when the adsorption tower is pressure-equalized, the reverse air release pipeline 6 is used as a pressure equalizing pipeline, so that the number of pipelines and valves can be reduced to a certain extent, and the investment cost is reduced.
As mentioned above, the purity of the adsorbed product gas can be ensured to be stable by performing the final rising of the product gas, as shown in fig. 1, in the specific implementation, the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 of the adsorption tower can be connected with the final rising pipeline 4, and the final rising pipeline 4 is connected with the product gas pipeline 2; when the adsorption tower is finished, the product gas enters a final-rising pipeline 4 from a product gas pipeline 2 and then enters the adsorption tower from an adsorption outlet pipeline 10 of the adsorption tower which performs final rising. In the pressure equalizing process, the air pressure is reduced, partial impurities can enter the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 of the adsorption tower, and the gas containing a small amount of impurities in the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 can be pressed back to the adsorption tower through the embodiment, so that the purity of the product gas is prevented from being influenced.
The pressure equalizing gas flows in from the adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower, when the adsorption tower is finished, the product gas can also enter the adsorption tower from the inlet end of the final adsorption tower to realize the final rising, and the embodiment also has the advantages that in the case of adopting reverse bleeding, only reverse bleeding gas and vacuumizing gas flow out from the adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower, and the adsorption, uniform rising and final rising processes can all realize the entry from the adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower, so that the impact of pressure gas flow on the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is reduced to the maximum extent, the stability of the system operation is ensured, the service life of the adsorbent is prolonged, the pressure change amplitude and speed of the reverse bleeding gas and the vacuumizing are relatively low, and the influence on the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is small. Particularly, in the case where desorption is performed after the adsorption tower is lowered and the desorption is performed again by discharging gas through the gas discharge line 5, all the gas flows out through the adsorption outlet line 10 of the adsorption tower and all the gas flows in through the adsorption inlet line 9 of the adsorption tower, except for evacuation, so that the stability of the adsorbent in the tower can be ensured to the maximum extent.
The gas is fed from an adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower for final rising, and specifically, two ways can be adopted, wherein as shown in fig. 3, a final rising pipeline 4 is connected to the adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower, and the final rising pipeline 4 is connected to the product gas pipeline 2; when the adsorption tower is finished, the product gas enters the final-rising pipeline 4 from the product gas pipeline 2 and then enters the adsorption tower from the adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower for final rising. Secondly, as shown in fig. 4, an adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower is connected with a final-rise pipeline 4, and the final-rise pipeline 4 is not required to be directly connected with the product gas pipeline 2; when the adsorption tower is finished, the product gas enters an adsorption outlet pipeline 10 of the adsorption tower for final lift from a product gas pipeline 2, enters a final lift pipeline 4 through a serial pipeline 3 between the adsorption tower for final lift and the next-stage adsorption tower, and enters the adsorption tower from an adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the adsorption tower for final lift from the final lift pipeline 4. Although the method is complex, the method has the advantage of realizing the final lift by feeding gas from the adsorption inlet pipeline 9 of the final-lift adsorption tower, and can also purge the series pipeline 3 and the adsorption outlet pipeline 10 through high-purity product gas, so that the gas containing a small amount of impurities is pressed back to the adsorption tower, the subsequent impurities connected to an adsorption path are reduced, and the effect on the condition of carrying out pressure equalization by using the series pipeline 3 is remarkable.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the high-purity gas based on the pressure swing adsorption is characterized in that at least two adsorption towers are connected in series to form an adsorption path to perform adsorption, feed gas is introduced into a first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption through a feed gas pipeline and sequentially passes through the other adsorption towers for performing adsorption, purified product gas flows out of a last-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption and enters a product gas pipeline, and the adsorption towers which do not perform adsorption respectively perform a regeneration process comprising final rising, pressure equalization and desorption;
when a first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption meets the desorption requirement, serially connecting a regenerated rear-stage adsorption tower into an adsorption path, disconnecting the first-stage adsorption tower for performing adsorption from a raw material gas pipeline and a product gas pipeline to form a new adsorption path, connecting the adsorption tower disconnected from the adsorption path with other adsorption towers needing to be uniformly lifted through a pressure equalizing pipeline, performing uniform lifting, performing desorption, uniform lifting after uniform lifting, and re-connecting the adsorption path after final lifting to realize circulation;
an adsorption inlet pipeline of the adsorption tower is connected with a final-rise pipeline;
when the adsorption tower is finished, the product gas enters an adsorption outlet pipeline of the adsorption tower for final lifting from a product gas pipeline, enters a final lifting pipeline through a serial pipeline between the adsorption tower for final lifting and the next-stage adsorption tower, and enters the adsorption tower from an adsorption inlet pipeline of the adsorption tower for final lifting from the final lifting pipeline.
2. The pressure swing adsorption-based process for the production of high purity gas according to claim 1, wherein a final-liter line is connected to the product gas line, and wherein the final-liter is carried out by feeding the product gas to the adsorption column at the time of the final-liter in the adsorption column.
3. The pressure swing adsorption-based process for the production of high purity gas according to claim 2, wherein the adsorption column is purged through a purge line after being lowered, and then desorbed;
and the downstream gas release pipeline is connected with a pressurizing device in front of the adsorption system, and the downstream gas is introduced into the pressurizing device for pressurizing and then is adsorbed again.
4. The pressure swing adsorption-based process for the production of a high purity gas according to claim 3 wherein pressure equalization is performed at least twice during regeneration of the adsorption column, the first pressure equalization using the final-rise line as a pressure equalization line and the remaining pressure equalization using the downstream line as a pressure equalization line.
5. The pressure swing adsorption-based high purity gas production process of claim 1, wherein a spare line is connected to the adsorption outlet line of each adsorption column;
when a certain adsorption tower breaks down, the gas adsorbed by the upper-stage adsorption tower of the failed adsorption tower sequentially passes through the standby pipeline, the adsorption outlet pipeline of the failed adsorption tower and the serial pipeline of the failed adsorption tower and the next-stage adsorption tower and enters from the adsorption inlet pipeline of the next-stage adsorption tower of the failed adsorption tower, so that the upper-stage adsorption tower of the failed adsorption tower and the next-stage adsorption tower of the failed adsorption tower are connected in series to form a new adsorption path.
6. The pressure swing adsorption-based process for producing a high purity gas according to claim 1, wherein a spare line is connected to the adsorption inlet line of each adsorption column;
when a certain adsorption tower breaks down, the gas adsorbed by the upper-stage adsorption tower of the failed adsorption tower sequentially passes through the serial pipeline of the failed adsorption tower and the upper-stage adsorption tower, the adsorption inlet pipeline of the failed adsorption tower and the standby pipeline, and enters from the adsorption inlet pipeline of the lower-stage adsorption tower of the failed adsorption tower, so that the upper-stage adsorption tower of the failed adsorption tower and the lower-stage adsorption tower of the failed adsorption tower are connected in series to form a new adsorption path.
7. The pressure swing adsorption-based high purity gas production process according to claim 1, wherein the pressure equalizing line is connected to an adsorption inlet line of the adsorption column;
when the adsorption towers are subjected to pressure equalization, gas in the descending adsorption towers enters the pressure equalization pipeline from the adsorption outlet pipeline through the series pipeline, and then enters from the adsorption inlets of the ascending adsorption towers, so that the pressure equalization is realized.
8. The pressure swing adsorption-based process for producing a high purity gas according to claim 7, wherein the adsorption tower is depressurized through a reverse gas release line connected to an adsorption inlet line of the adsorption tower and then desorbed;
when the pressure of the adsorption tower is equalized, the reverse air release pipeline is used as an equalizing pipeline.
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