CN217746431U - Low-concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system - Google Patents
Low-concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN217746431U CN217746431U CN202222097043.9U CN202222097043U CN217746431U CN 217746431 U CN217746431 U CN 217746431U CN 202222097043 U CN202222097043 U CN 202222097043U CN 217746431 U CN217746431 U CN 217746431U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a low concentration hydrogen adsorbs purification system belongs to the gas separation field. The system comprises a basic purification system and a plurality of additional systems, wherein the basic purification system and the additional systems are both composed of a plurality of adsorption towers which are connected in series, the basic purification system and the additional systems are connected in series, and each adsorption tower is internally provided with an adsorbent with hydrogen absorption capacity. The utility model discloses utilize the different combination of basic purification system and additional system can satisfy the demand to the different purity of hydrogen (2N-15N). The utility model is suitable for a low concentration hydrogen purification scene, including but not limited to the purification of industrial waste gas under the low hydrogen concentration, natural gas adds hydrogen purification to the station, multiple scenes such as float glass manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the gas separation field relates to the direct purification field that adsorbs of hydrogen, especially relates to low concentration hydrogen adsorbs purification system.
Background
According to incomplete statistics, the carbon emission of Chinese automobiles in 2018 is close to 20 hundred million tons, and how to reduce the carbon emission becomes the focus of increasing attention of people at present. As a substitute of the traditional automobile, the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle can really realize the aim of zero carbon emission, and is the most effective way for solving the problem of carbon emission of automobile exhaust. Therefore, the purification technology and the transportation technology of hydrogen are the foundation for realizing the application of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle.
PSA-H is mostly adopted in the current industrial purification method of fuel hydrogen 2 However, the conventional method has a precondition that the content of hydrogen in the raw material gas should be higher than 50% and have a certain pressure. The transportation technology comprises high-pressure gas cylinder transportation, metal hydrogen storage transportation and pipeline transportation. Wherein, the transportation of the high-pressure gas cylinder is dangerous; metal hydrogen storage transportation needs metal alloy as a carrier, and the transportation amount is extremely limited; pipeline transportation is a common method for gas transportation, but a large number of pipelines need to be laid, and the infrastructure investment is high.
At present, a certain amount of hydrogen is mostly mixed into a natural gas pipeline for pipeline transportation at home and abroad, and the method has the advantages that the existing natural gas pipeline is utilized, so that the infrastructure investment cost in the hydrogen transportation process is greatly reduced, and the defects that the amount of the hydrogen mixed into the natural gas is limited, and the hydrogen concentration is very low and is generally not higher than 10 percent are overcome. By PSA-H 2 The power consumption is extremely high, and the purity of hydrogen extraction is difficult to reach more than 90%. The adsorption capacity of the existing adsorbent to methane is almost unchanged under high pressure, the pressure equalizing times of the PSA method are too many, the equipment is complex and the investment is high.
In the traditional method for purifying hydrogen, an adsorbent for adsorbing impurities in hydrogen is generally used, the hydrogen is used as a non-adsorption phase, and the direct purification of low-concentration hydrogen to more than 99 percent is difficult to realize. When the membrane separation method is adopted to purify the hydrogen, the hydrogen purification can be realized only by a metal palladium membrane diffusion method. However, the palladium membrane has high production cost and low hydrogen permeation rate, and cannot be applied to large-scale industrialization.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a new low-concentration hydrogen adsorption purification method that can achieve high purity, high efficiency and high yield of hydrogen separation at a low cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a low-concentration hydrogen adsorption and purification system, which aims to directly adsorb and separate the low-concentration hydrogen in C-type mixed gas (especially natural gas) to obtain high-purity hydrogen.
The utility model provides a technical scheme is:
an adsorption purification system for low-concentration hydrogen gas, comprising a basic purification system and a plurality of additional systems, wherein the basic purification system and the additional systems are composed of a plurality of adsorption columns connected in series, the basic purification system is connected in series with the additional systems, and an adsorbent having a hydrogen absorption capacity is contained in each of the adsorption columns in the purification system or the additional systems.
The number N of the adsorption towers in the basic purification system is given by the following formula, wherein P is the adsorption pressure of the low-concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system, K is the pressure in each pressure equalizing process, the value range of K is 0.4-1 MPa, and the optimization range of K is 0.6-0.8 MPa;
the raw gas enters an adsorption tower from the gas inlet end of a basic purification system under certain pressure, the adsorption tower is used for purifying hydrogen, impurity gas is discharged from the adsorption tower, the hydrogen obtained in the basic purification system is used as the raw gas and enters an additional system, the adsorption tower is used for purifying the hydrogen like the basic purification system, and the purified hydrogen is discharged from the endmost additional system as product gas.
The number of the adsorption towers of the additional system is 2-4, and the number of the additional system is 0-5.
A compressor is provided on a pipe connected in series between the basic purification system and the additional system.
And a plurality of valves and analytical instruments are arranged on the pipelines of the adsorption towers which are connected in series.
The utility model is suitable for a low concentration hydrogen purification scene, including but not limited to the purification of industrial waste gas under the low hydrogen concentration, natural gas adds hydrogen purification to the station, multiple scenes such as float glass manufacturing. Experiments prove that the utility model discloses utilize different grades of purification system can satisfy the demand to the different purity of hydrogen (2N-15N): the basic purification system can meet the requirement that the purity of the hydrogen is 80-99 percent; the basic purification system and 1 additional system can meet the requirement that the purity of the hydrogen is 99-99.99 percent; the basic purification system and 2 additional systems can meet the requirement that the purity of the hydrogen is 99.99-99.99999%; the basic purification system and 3 additional systems can meet the requirement that the purity of hydrogen is 99.99999% -99.99999999%; the basic purification system and 4 additional systems can meet the requirement that the purity of the hydrogen is 99.99999999-99.99999999999 percent; the basic purification system and 5 additional systems can meet the requirement that the purity of the hydrogen is 99.99999999999% -99.9999999999999%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the series connection between a basic purification system and an additional system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of adsorption columns in series in a basic purification system and an additional system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described and illustrated with reference to specific embodiments, but without limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
According to the requirement that the hydrogen concentration of the required product is 99.999 percent, as shown in figure 1, the low-concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system of the utility model adopts a basic purification system and two additional systems to realize the requirement. The adsorbent is A 2 Adsorbent of type B Mg 2 Ni, raw material gas 85% by weight CH 4 /15％H 2 The adsorption temperature of the mixed gas of (3) was 85 ℃. The adsorption pressure is 4MPa, the desorption pressure is-1 MPa, and the air inlet flow is 1000m 3 H is used as the reference value. The basic purification system and the two additional systems are connected in series, a compressor is respectively connected between the basic purification system and the additional systems and between the two additional systems, and product gas in the basic purification system is compressed and then enters the additional systems as raw material gas. Wherein the basic purification system and the additional system are composed of a plurality of adsorption towers connected in series, and the adsorption towers are connected in seriesThe formula of the number of the adsorption towers in the basic purification system is
N =4MPa/0.8MPa +1, namely 4 adsorption towers A-D connected in series in the basic purification system, wherein the number of the adsorption towers in each additional system is 2, namely the adsorption towers E and F connected in series and the adsorption towers G and H connected in series, and are shown in figure 2.
The adsorption towers in the additional system and the basic purification system are in a series structure. An adsorbent for directly adsorbing hydrogen is arranged in the adsorption tower, and the filling amount of the hydrogen adsorbent is adjusted according to the hydrogen content in the feed gas, the pressure of the feed gas, the flow rate of the feed gas and the adsorption time; the packed amount of the adsorbent in each adsorption column in this example was 500kg.
The pressure swing adsorption process for each adsorption column in the basic purification system and the additional system is as follows:
adsorption: the raw material gas enters the adsorption tower from the inlet end of the front-end adsorption tower under a certain pressure, hydrogen is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and methane is discharged from the outlet end of the adsorption tower as adsorption tail gas;
pressure equalizing: stopping the raw gas from entering the adsorption tower, and sequentially placing the high-pressure methane in the adsorption tower into other low-pressure adsorption towers which are subjected to regeneration along the adsorption direction;
placing in sequence: continuously discharging methane in the adsorption tower, and finishing the forward discharging process when the detector detects that the discharged gas contains hydrogen;
and (3) emptying: discharging residual hydrogen in the adsorption tower from the gas inlet end of the adsorption tower;
pressurizing: the raw material gas enters an adsorption tower, and the pressure is increased to the preset adsorption pressure.
A plurality of pipelines are arranged on the adsorption towers which are connected in series in the basic purification system and the additional system and are respectively a raw material gas inlet pipeline, an adsorbed tail gas output pipeline, an adsorbed tail gas return pipeline, a product gas output pipeline and the like, and a plurality of program control valves, regulating valves, instruments and control systems are arranged on the pipelines. The program control valve and the regulating valve are set according to the program of the control system, and the opening and closing actions and the opening of the regulating valve are allowed to be finished, so that the continuous operation of the system is ensured; after the separation is finished, the purity of the hydrogen is more than or equal to 99.999 percent.
The utility model provides a low concentration hydrogen adsorbs purification system to basically the purification system is the core, establishes ties with the additional system of different numbers, realizes purification and the separation to the low concentration hydrogen in hydrogen and the C class gas mixture. Different combinations can yield hydrogen of different purities, for example: the fuel hydrogen gas may recommend the use of a basic purification system or a basic purification system plus one additional system, and the high purity hydrogen gas may recommend the basic purification system plus two or three additional systems; ultra-high purity hydrogen may recommend a basic purification system plus four or five additional systems.
It is noted that the disclosed embodiments are intended to aid in further understanding of the invention, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments disclosed, but the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An adsorption purification system for low-concentration hydrogen gas, which is characterized by comprising a basic purification system and a plurality of additional systems, wherein the basic purification system and the additional systems are respectively composed of a plurality of adsorption towers which are connected in series, the basic purification system is connected with the additional systems in series, and an adsorbent with hydrogen absorption capacity is filled in each adsorption tower in the basic purification system or the additional systems.
2. The adsorption purification system for low concentration hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein the number N of adsorption columns in the basic purification system is obtained by the following formula,
wherein P is the adsorption pressure, and K is the pressure in the pressure equalizing process each time.
3. The low concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system of claim 2, wherein K is in the range of 0.4 to 1MPa.
4. The system for adsorptive purification of low concentration hydrogen gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein said additional system comprises from 2 to 4 adsorption columns.
5. The low concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system of claim 1, wherein the number of additional systems is 0 to 5.
6. The low concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system of claim 1, wherein a compressor is provided on a line connecting the basic purification system and the additional system in series.
7. The system for adsorptive purification of low concentration hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein said adsorption column is provided with a plurality of valves and analytical instrumentation in series connected piping.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202222097043.9U CN217746431U (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Low-concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system |
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| CN202222097043.9U CN217746431U (en) | 2022-08-10 | 2022-08-10 | Low-concentration hydrogen adsorption purification system |
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