CN113425749A - Utilization method of leftovers in processing of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces - Google Patents
Utilization method of leftovers in processing of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces Download PDFInfo
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- CN113425749A CN113425749A CN202110723348.3A CN202110723348A CN113425749A CN 113425749 A CN113425749 A CN 113425749A CN 202110723348 A CN202110723348 A CN 202110723348A CN 113425749 A CN113425749 A CN 113425749A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/13—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving cleaning, e.g. washing or peeling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/15—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving mechanical treatment, e.g. chopping up, cutting or grinding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/17—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/19—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving fermentation using yeast, bacteria or both; enzymatic treatment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
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Abstract
The invention discloses a utilization method of leftovers in processing of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces. The method comprises the following steps: washing to remove impurities, crushing, and breaking walls by enzymolysis: preparing cellulose hydrolysate, mixing cellulose dissolving enzyme and crushed leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, stirring, heating, separating effective components, and performing countercurrent extraction in the step 4: continuously turning over the separation liquid of the lower foot of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece under a pusher to displace and rub the separation liquid with a solvent to absorb and extract the effective components of the decoction piece, and performing ultrasonic extraction: the invention utilizes the ultrasonic radiation pressure to generate the strong cavitation effect outside the extraction tank, controls the environment inside the extraction tank to be normal temperature and normal pressure, has uniform temperature control, feeds and discharges slag.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of recycling of leftovers of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, in particular to a utilization method of leftovers in the processing of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces.
Background
The traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are prepared from traditional Chinese medicines according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory and the traditional Chinese medicine preparation method, and can be directly used as traditional Chinese medicines in traditional Chinese medicine clinical practice. The concept shows that the traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces have no absolute limit, and the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces comprise part of traditional Chinese medicine slices processed by the production place, original-shape traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and decoction pieces processed by cutting and processing. The first two types of management should be regarded as traditional Chinese medicines, and are understood as decoction pieces in the formula and preparation according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces often have leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces in the production.
However, the existing leftovers of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces can be directly discarded, so that the problem of resource waste of the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces due to the fact that the effective ingredients in the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces cannot be stably recycled exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for utilizing leftovers in the processing of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, which can extract and stably extract effective components, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, washing and impurity removal: collecting the leftovers of the processing of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, washing the leftovers by clear water, and drying the leftovers at 36-38 ℃ until the water content is 10% -18%, thereby obtaining the impurities.
Step 2, crushing treatment: crushing the dried leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine by a crusher, and then carrying out ball milling treatment.
Step 3, enzymolysis wall breaking: preparing cellulose enzymolysis liquid, mixing cellulose dissolving enzyme and crushed leftovers of the Chinese medicinal decoction pieces, stirring, heating, and separating effective components.
Step 4, countercurrent extraction: the separation liquid of the lower foot of the Chinese herbal pieces is continuously turned over under the pusher to be displaced and rubbed with the menstruum to absorb and extract the effective components of the pieces.
Step 5, ultrasonic extraction: the strong cavitation effect is generated outside the extraction tank by using the ultrasonic radiation pressure, and the normal temperature and the normal pressure of the internal environment of the extraction tank are controlled, so that the temperature control is uniform.
Step 6, feeding and deslagging: the solvent is quantitatively controlled and added by a flowmeter according to the process requirements, the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are uniformly added into the other end of the unit through a quantitative adding mechanism, and the residual medicine dregs enter a juice extractor and a solvent recoverer to be treated cleanly.
Further, the cellulose hydrolysate in the step 3 is obtained by directly fermenting trichoderma reesei and aspergillus niger fungi serving as production strains, and the cellulose fermentation liquor is stored at low temperature by a plate-frame filtrate storage tank with cooling water at 4 ℃ and concentrated to 650-850U/ml by an ultrafiltration membrane with 30 KD.
Furthermore, the solvent in the step 4 is 10 to 50 percent of ethanol which can extract cardiac glycoside, tannin, anthraquinone and its glycoside, bitter substance and the like; glycosides can be extracted from 60-70% ethanol; ethanol with concentration of 80-85% is used for extracting alkaloid, volatile oil, resin and chlorophyll.
Further, in the step 3, the mixture is centrifuged at 1200r/min for 20min at 10 ℃ and is kept still for 2 hours.
Further, the clear water in the step 1 is tap water with a pH value of 6.7, and the ball milling time in the step 2 is 20 min.
Further, the pressure in the step 5 is 0.02MPa-0.06MPa, the temperature is 60 ℃, and the ultrasonic frequency is 300W-3000W.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention prepares the cellulose hydrolysate, mixes and stirs cellulose dissolving enzyme and crushed leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, carries out heating treatment, separates effective components, continuously turns over the separation liquid of the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces under a pusher, and then carries out absorption extraction and ultrasonic extraction on the effective components of the decoction pieces by replacing and rubbing with solvent: the ultrasonic radiation pressure is utilized to generate strong cavitation effect outside the extraction tank, the combination of the continuous countercurrent technology and the ultrasonic extraction technology creates an incomparable combination of the extraction technology, the concentration difference of the solvent in the countercurrent extraction technology is extremely large in the extraction process, the concentration of the extracted substance in the solvent is 0 when the solvent enters the extraction tank, the solvent rapidly enters the extracted raw material, the strong cavitation effect of the ultrasonic enables the target components to rapidly enter the solvent, the extraction rate is greatly accelerated as a result of the two-phase action, and the extraction rate is remarkably improved. Meanwhile, the process can use any solvent, is not limited by the polarity of the solvent, and can be used for extracting a plurality of compounds. The process has the advantages of continuous extraction, normal temperature and pressure extraction, uniform temperature control, greatly reduced energy consumption, low solvent consumption, safe production, good stability of extract, low labor intensity, high labor productivity and low extraction cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the utilization method of the leftovers in the processing of the herbal pieces-of-chinese medicine includes the following steps:
step 1, washing and impurity removal: collecting the leftovers of the processing of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, washing the leftovers by clear water, and drying the leftovers at 36-38 ℃ until the water content is 10% -18%, thereby obtaining the impurities.
Step 2, crushing treatment: crushing the dried leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine by a crusher, and then carrying out ball milling treatment.
Step 3, enzymolysis wall breaking: preparing cellulose enzymolysis liquid, mixing cellulose dissolving enzyme and crushed leftovers of the Chinese medicinal decoction pieces, stirring, heating, and separating effective components.
Step 4, countercurrent extraction: the separation liquid of the lower foot of the Chinese herbal pieces is continuously turned over under the pusher to be displaced and rubbed with the menstruum to absorb and extract the effective components of the pieces.
Step 5, ultrasonic extraction: the strong cavitation effect is generated outside the extraction tank by using the ultrasonic radiation pressure, and the normal temperature and the normal pressure of the internal environment of the extraction tank are controlled, so that the temperature control is uniform.
Step 6, feeding and deslagging: the solvent is quantitatively controlled and added by a flowmeter according to the process requirements, the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are uniformly added into the other end of the unit through a quantitative adding mechanism, and the residual medicine dregs enter a juice extractor and a solvent recoverer to be treated cleanly.
In order to ensure the dissolution efficiency of the cellulase in the step 3 on the cell walls of the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine in the step 2 and the activity of the cellulase, the cellulase hydrolysate in the step 3 is obtained by directly fermenting trichoderma reesei and aspergillus niger fungi serving as production strains, and the cellulose fermentation liquor is stored at low temperature by a plate-and-frame filtrate storage tank with cooling water at 4 ℃ and concentrated to 650 plus 850U/ml by a 30KD ultrafiltration membrane.
In order to select corresponding solvent to effectively absorb the effective components in the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine according to the types of the actual leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine, the solvent in the step 4 is 10-50% of ethanol which can extract cardiac glycoside, tannin, anthraquinone and glycoside, bitter substance and the like; glycosides can be extracted from 60-70% ethanol; ethanol with concentration of 80-85% is used for extracting alkaloid, volatile oil, resin and chlorophyll.
In order to ensure the efficiency and the thoroughness of the cell lysis of the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine in the step 3 and carry out standing, precipitation and layering treatment on the lysis solution, the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine are centrifuged at the temperature of 10 ℃ and the temperature of 1200r/min for 20min in the step 3 and are kept standing for 2 hours.
In order to ensure the cleanness of the impurity washing on the surfaces of the traditional Chinese medicine leftovers in the step 1 and avoid the impurities in water from damaging the traditional Chinese medicine leftovers, the clear water in the step 1 is tap water with a pH value of 6.7, and the ball milling time in the step 2 is 20 min.
In order to ensure the continuity and stability of the extraction between the solvent and the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine in the step 5, the pressure in the step 5 is 0.02MPa-0.06MPa, the temperature is 60 ℃, and the ultrasonic frequency is 300W-3000W.
In conclusion, the utilization method of the leftovers in the processing of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, provided by the invention, has the following steps of washing and impurity removal: collecting leftovers of decoction pieces of Chinese medicinal materials, washing with clear water, drying at 36-38 deg.C until the water content is 10% -18%, removing impurities, crushing the dried leftovers of Chinese medicinal materials with a crusher, ball milling to obtain cellulose hydrolysate, mixing cellulose dissolving enzyme and the leftovers of the crushed decoction pieces of Chinese medicinal materials, stirring, heating, separating effective components, continuously stirring the leftover separating liquid of the decoction pieces of Chinese medicinal materials with a pusher, replacing the leftover separating liquid with solvent, and rubbing to absorb and extract the effective components of the decoction pieces, the strong cavitation effect is generated outside the extraction tank by utilizing the ultrasonic radiation pressure, the normal temperature and the normal pressure of the internal environment of the extraction tank are controlled, the temperature is controlled uniformly, the solvent is added quantitatively by a flowmeter according to the process requirement, the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are uniformly added into the other end of the unit by a quantitative adding mechanism, and the residual medicine dregs enter a juice extractor and a solvent recoverer to be treated cleanly.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utilization method of the leftovers in the processing of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, washing and impurity removal: collecting the leftovers of the processing of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, washing the leftovers by clear water, and drying the leftovers at 36-38 ℃ until the water content is 10% -18%, thereby obtaining the impurities.
Step 2, crushing treatment: crushing the dried leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine by a crusher, and then carrying out ball milling treatment.
Step 3, enzymolysis wall breaking: preparing cellulose enzymolysis liquid, mixing cellulose dissolving enzyme and crushed leftovers of the Chinese medicinal decoction pieces, stirring, heating, and separating effective components.
Step 4, countercurrent extraction: the separation liquid of the lower foot of the Chinese herbal pieces is continuously turned over under the pusher to be displaced and rubbed with the menstruum to absorb and extract the effective components of the pieces.
Step 5, ultrasonic extraction: the strong cavitation effect is generated outside the extraction tank by using the ultrasonic radiation pressure, and the normal temperature and the normal pressure of the internal environment of the extraction tank are controlled, so that the temperature control is uniform.
Step 6, feeding and deslagging: the solvent is quantitatively controlled and added by a flowmeter according to the process requirements, the leftovers of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are uniformly added into the other end of the unit through a quantitative adding mechanism, and the residual medicine dregs enter a juice extractor and a solvent recoverer to be treated cleanly.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cellulose hydrolysate obtained in step 3 is prepared by direct fermentation of Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger, and the cellulose fermentation broth is stored in a plate-and-frame filtrate tank at low temperature with 4 deg.C cooling water, and concentrated to 650-850U/ml through 30KD ultrafiltration membrane.
3. The method for utilizing leftovers in processing of herbal pieces-for-decoction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solvent used in the step 4 is 10-50% ethanol capable of extracting cardiac glycoside, tannin, anthraquinone and its glycosides, bitter substances, etc.; glycosides can be extracted from 60-70% ethanol; ethanol with concentration of 80-85% is used for extracting alkaloid, volatile oil, resin and chlorophyll.
4. The method for utilizing leftovers in processing of Chinese herbal pieces according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugation in step 3 is performed at 1200r/min for 20min at 10 ℃, and the standing is performed for 2 hours.
5. The method for utilizing leftovers in processing of herbal pieces-for-chinese-medicinal according to claim 1, wherein the clear water in step 1 is tap water with PH of 6.7, and the ball milling time in step 2 is 20 min.
6. The method for utilizing leftovers in processing of herbal pieces-for-chinese-medicinal according to claim 1, wherein the pressure in step 5 is 0.02MPa-0.06MPa, the temperature is 60 ℃ and the ultrasonic frequency is 300W-3000W.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114344938A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 九盛医学生物(吉林)有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine refining and manufacturing process |
Citations (3)
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| CN101993902A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-03-30 | 漳州职业技术学院 | Method for extracting flavonoids compounds from asparagus and leftovers thereof |
| CN207605393U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-07-13 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of auxiliary low temperature continuous reverse flow leaching extraction element of ultrasonic wave |
| CN112915154A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-08 | 四川工大西南食品研究有限责任公司 | Preparation method of asparagus flavone in asparagus leftovers |
-
2021
- 2021-06-29 CN CN202110723348.3A patent/CN113425749A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101993902A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-03-30 | 漳州职业技术学院 | Method for extracting flavonoids compounds from asparagus and leftovers thereof |
| CN207605393U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-07-13 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of auxiliary low temperature continuous reverse flow leaching extraction element of ultrasonic wave |
| CN112915154A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-06-08 | 四川工大西南食品研究有限责任公司 | Preparation method of asparagus flavone in asparagus leftovers |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 周济铭: "《酶制剂生产及应用技术》", 30 September 2014, 重庆大学出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114344938A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-15 | 九盛医学生物(吉林)有限公司 | Chinese herbal medicine refining and manufacturing process |
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Application publication date: 20210924 |