CN113422093B - CCM membrane electrode, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
CCM membrane electrode, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
- H01M8/1006—Corrugated, curved or wave-shaped MEA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/886—Powder spraying, e.g. wet or dry powder spraying, plasma spraying
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- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CCM membrane electrode, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the CCM membrane electrode comprises the following steps: covering a screen on the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode, and peeling the screen after impressing, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 20-2000 meshes. The invention can prepare the CCM membrane electrode with the 3D regular structure catalyst layer simply and conveniently at low cost, realizes the separation of water-gas transmission, and optimizes the performance of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell under high current density.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a CCM membrane electrode, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The fuel cell has the advantages of high conversion efficiency, high energy density, zero pollution and the like, and is one of the most promising energy power systems in the 21 st century. The membrane electrode composed of proton exchange membrane, catalyst layer and gas diffusion layer is the core component of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Currently, the preparation methods of membrane electrodes are mainly classified into GDE (gas diffusion electrode) and CCM (catalyst coated membrane): in the former, a catalyst is loaded on the surface of a diffusion layer, then two diffusion layers are arranged on two sides of a proton exchange membrane, and a membrane electrode is obtained by hot pressing; the catalyst is loaded on two sides of the proton exchange membrane, and then the membrane is combined with the diffusion layer to obtain the membrane electrode. The GDE process is relatively simple and mature in operation, but has the defects of poor combination of a catalyst and Nafion, large contact resistance and charge transfer resistance and the like. The CCM process is relatively complex, the proton exchange membrane is easy to swell in the preparation process, but the required catalyst amount is lower, and the assembled battery has better performance. With the development of the preparation process, the CCM process is expected to gradually replace the GDE process and becomes the main preparation process of the membrane electrode.
Water management is one of the major factors affecting the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The cathode reaction gas oxygen/air is transmitted to the surface of the catalyst particles through the porous medium to react, while the water generated by the reaction on the surface of the catalyst needs to be transmitted to the flow channel through the porous medium to be discharged, and the transmission directions of the two are the same and opposite. When the battery works under a high current density, a large amount of water is generated at the cathode, a large number of channels are occupied for discharging the water, the water cannot be discharged in time and the oxygen cannot be transmitted to the surfaces of the catalyst particles for reaction due to water-gas collision, and the performance of the battery is rapidly reduced.
In order to solve the problem of water management in a fuel cell in the prior art, CN101373842a proposes to add a hydrophilic layer made of materials such as carbon cloth and carbon felt on the surface of an electrode gas diffusion layer, where the hydrophilic layer can make the surface of a flow field free of liquid drops, thereby ensuring effective transmission of gas. CN108075158A proposes an optimized transfer method for producing CCM membrane electrode, which adds a transition layer whose components are close to microporous layer between catalyst layer and transfer film, and can solve the water management of interface between catalyst layer and microporous layer and the mass transfer problem brought by it. Further, CN101689651a proposes a solution from the viewpoint of fuel cell structure, which proposes to provide an anode gas flow path member on the anode side of a fuel cell, wherein a first porous flow path layer and a shower plate having through holes are laminated, the shower plate being provided on the anode side, and a water-repellent layer being provided on the side of the shower plate closer to the anode, the water-repellent layer suppressing water moving from the cathode side to the anode side from entering inside the anode gas flow path member, and reducing the possibility that the reaction gas flow is blocked by water.
However, the preparation processes of the above schemes are complicated, and the production cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a CCM membrane electrode with a 3D regular structure catalytic layer and a preparation method thereof, which are simple and convenient and have low cost, realize the separation of water and gas transmission and optimize the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell under high current density.
The invention provides a CCM membrane electrodeWhich comprises the following steps: the catalyst layer is covered on two surfaces with the largest surface area of the proton exchange membrane, the catalyst layer on the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode has a 3D structure, and the catalyst loading capacity is more than or equal to 0.1mg/cm 2 Wherein the 3D structure comprises protrusions with the interval of 12.7-1270 μm, the height of the protrusions is 2-15 μm, and the number of the protrusions per inch is 20-2000.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode may have a 3D regular structured catalytic layer, wherein the protrusions are of equal width, equal length and/or equal height to each other.
In some embodiments of the invention, at least two dimensions of the projections, length, width and height, may be the same.
In some embodiments of the invention, the protrusions may be evenly distributed at equal intervals.
In some embodiments of the invention, the catalyst loading may be from 0.1 to 0.4mg/cm 2 E.g. 0.35 to 0.4mg/cm 2 。
In some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the protrusions may be 8 μm to 10 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the number of protrusions per inch may be from 100 to 300.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode may have a 3D regular structured catalytic layer, and the protrusions are equal in width, length, and height with respect to each other; the length and width of the protrusions may be the same.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the CCM membrane electrode, which comprises the following steps: covering a screen on the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode, and peeling the screen after embossing, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 20-2000 meshes.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mesh size of the screen may be 100 to 300 mesh.
In the present invention, the term "mesh number" refers to the number of openings in one inch, i.e.: mesh number (aperture + filament diameter) =25.4mm. In some embodiments of the invention, the mesh may have a pore size of 7.5 μm to 850 μm, for example 50 μm to 150 μm. The mesh may have a filament diameter of 5.2 to 420 μm, for example 35 to 105 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the material of the screen may be a material conventionally used in the art, such as nylon or metal (stainless steel).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the embossing operations and conditions may be those conventionally used in the art. Preferably, the embossing may be performed using a press. The temperature of the imprinting may be room temperature (e.g., 10-30 ℃). The pressure of the imprint may be 1 to 10MPa, for example 2 to 10MPa, and for example 4 to 6MPa. The time of the embossing may be 5 to 30s, for example 10 to 20s.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mesh number of the screen may be 100 to 300 mesh, the imprinting pressure may be 4 to 6MPa, and the imprinting time may be 10 to 20s.
In some embodiments of the invention, the CCM membrane electrode has a 3D regular structure catalytic layer, wherein the 3D regular structure catalytic layer may have a height of 2 to 15 μm, for example 8 to 10 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the anode and the cathode of the CCM membrane electrode may be further covered with Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films before the cathode of the CCM membrane electrode is covered with the screen to prevent mechanical damage to the membrane electrode during embossing and to facilitate peeling of the screen after embossing. Preferably, the Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film may have a thickness of 0.02 to 0.5mm, for example 0.02 to 0.1mm (0.02 mm, 0.03mm, 0.05mm, 0.1 mm).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the CCM membrane electrode may be prepared using methods conventional in the art, such as ultrasonic spraying, knife coating, roll coating, pneumatic spraying, and the like, before the cathode of the CCM membrane electrode is covered with a screen. Preferably, the CCM membrane electrode is prepared by an ultrasonic spraying method. Specifically, the ultrasonic spraying method may include the steps of: step 1, ultrasonically dispersing and uniformly mixing catalyst powder, nafion solution and alcohol to obtain catalyst slurry (ink); and 2, placing the proton exchange membrane on a hot table, and ultrasonically spraying the catalyst slurry on two surfaces with the largest surface area of the proton exchange membrane (an ultrasonic atomization spraying device can be utilized) to obtain the CCM membrane electrode.
The operation, conditions, reagents and raw materials used in the ultrasonic spraying method may be those conventionally used in the art, and the present invention is preferably as follows.
In step 1, the catalyst may be a platinum catalyst, such as one or more of platinum black, platinum carbon, platinum ruthenium, platinum cobalt, platinum nickel, platinum iron, and platinum copper, for example, 20wt% to 40wt% of platinum carbon (such as platinum carbon available from shanghai hesen electrical), where wt% refers to the mass percentage of platinum in the platinum carbon.
In step 1, the Nafion solution is a perfluorosulfonic acid-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer solution, which is generally commercially available, the concentration of the Nafion solution can be 5-20 wt%, and the wt% refers to the mass percentage of Nafion in the Nafion solution.
In step 1, the alcohol may be ethanol and/or isopropanol.
In step 1, the time of ultrasonic dispersion may be 5 to 120min, for example, 20 to 60min (20 min, 30min, 45min, 60 min).
In step 2, the proton exchange membrane may be one or more of Dupont N115, dupont N117, dupont N211, and Dupont N212, such as Dupont N211.
In step 2, when the catalyst slurry is sprayed, the temperature of the hot stage can be 60-90 ℃ (60 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃) to accelerate the volatilization of alcohol and prevent the proton exchange membrane from swelling.
In step 2, the catalyst loading capacity of the anode side of the CCM membrane electrode can be 0.05-0.2 mg/cm 2 E.g. 0.15mg/cm 2 (ii) a The catalyst loading capacity of the cathode side can be 0.1-0.4 mg/cm 2 E.g. 0.35 to 0.4mg/cm 2 。
The invention also provides a CCM membrane electrode which is prepared by the preparation method of the CCM membrane electrode.
The invention also provides the use of a CCM membrane electrode as hereinbefore described in a fuel cell.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The reagents and starting materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The 3D regular structure on the surface of the catalytic layer promotes the separation of oxygen and product water transmission paths, and improves the quality transmission efficiency compared with a flat membrane electrode.
(2) Compared with other processing methods for constructing an ordered membrane electrode or realizing water-gas separation, the embossing method is simple to operate and low in cost.
(3) In some schemes, the ultrasonic spraying method is used for facilitating the uniform dispersion of the platinum catalyst and effectively reducing the using amount of the platinum catalyst.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a polarization diagram of a fuel cell of example 1 of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a polarization graph of a fuel cell according to example 2 of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a polarization graph of a fuel cell according to example 3 of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a polarization graph of a fuel cell according to example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing polarization curves of fuel cells of comparative examples 1 to 2 and examples 1 to 4 according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a confocal laser microscope photograph of the 3D catalyst layer with regular structure prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
In the following examples, room temperature means 10 to 30 ℃ and preferably 25 ℃.
Confocal laser scanning micrographs were taken with a Keyence VK-X100K.
The cell polarization curve is measured by the electronic load: and recording the output voltage of the battery under different current densities, and plotting the output voltage of the battery to the current to obtain a single battery polarization curve.
Platinum carbon catalyst was purchased from shanghai hesen electrical.
Nafion solution was purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
Isopropanol, ethanol were purchased from General-Reagent (Shanghai Tatan science).
The N211, N212 proton exchange membranes are available from Dupont (DuPont, USA).
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film and screen were purchased from Taobao. Wherein the parameters of the screen are shown in the following table:
| number of meshes | Pore | Wire diameter | |
| 20 | 850μm | 420μm | |
| 100 | | 105μm | |
| 300 | 50μm | 35μm | |
| 2000 | 7.5μm | 5.2μm | |
| 3000 | 5μm | 3.5μm |
Example 1
40wt% of platinum-carbon catalyst powder, 5wt% of nafion solution, and isopropanol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1. Placing the Dupont N212 proton exchange membrane on a hot table heated to 60 ℃, and respectively spraying catalyst slurry on the surfaces of the two sides of the proton exchange membrane by using an ultrasonic atomization spraying device to obtain a CCM membrane electrode (the platinum loading capacity of the anode side is about 0.15mg cm) -2 Cathode side platinum loading of about 0.40mg cm -2 ). Two sides of the CCM membrane electrode are covered with Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes with the thickness of 0.50mm, and the cathode side is covered with a stainless steel screen with the mesh size of 20; and (3) impressing the membrane for 5s at room temperature by using a press machine under the pressure of 2MPa, and peeling the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and the screen on two sides after impressing to obtain the CCM membrane electrode (the 3D structure height is about 2 mu m) containing the 3D regular structure cathode catalyst layer. Post-cell test after hot pressing with Hessen HCP-120 carbon paper (with leveling layer) (test conditions: 60 ℃,1.5atm,100% RH). The maximum power density of the battery is about 675mW cm -2 Limiting current density of about 1.30A cm -2 。
Example 2
20wt% of platinum-carbon catalyst powder, 5wt% of nafion solution, and isopropanol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1. Placing Dupont N211 proton exchange membrane on a hot bench heated to 90 ℃, and respectively spraying catalyst slurry on the surfaces of the two sides of the proton exchange membrane by using an ultrasonic atomization spraying device to obtain a CCM membrane electrode (the platinum loading capacity of the anode side is about 0.15mg cm) -2 Cathode side platinum loading of about 0.40mg cm -2 ). Covering Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films with the thickness of 0.03mm on two sides of the CCM membrane electrode, and covering a nylon screen mesh with 100 meshes on the cathode side; and (3) impressing the membrane for 10s at room temperature by using a press machine under the pressure of 4MPa, and peeling the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and the screen on two sides after impressing to obtain the CCM membrane electrode (the 3D structure height is about 8 mu m) containing the 3D regular structure cathode catalyst layer. HCP-120 carbon of HesenPaper (with a leveling layer) was hot-pressed and post-loaded with a battery test (test conditions: 60 ℃,1.5atm,100% RH). The maximum power density of the battery is about 705mW cm -2 The limiting current is close to 1.40A cm -2 . The confocal laser scanning micrograph thereof is shown in FIG. 6.
Example 3
20wt% of platinum-carbon catalyst powder, 5wt% of nafion solution, and isopropanol were mixed at a mass ratio of 1. Placing Dupont N211 proton exchange membrane on a hot bench heated to 90 ℃, and respectively spraying catalyst slurry on the surfaces of the two sides of the proton exchange membrane by using an ultrasonic atomization spraying device to obtain a CCM membrane electrode (the platinum loading capacity of the anode side is about 0.15mg cm) -2 Cathode side platinum loading of about 0.35mg cm -2 ). Covering Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films with the thickness of 0.10mm on two sides of the CCM membrane electrode, and covering a 2000-mesh stainless steel screen on the cathode side; and (3) impressing the membrane for 30s at room temperature by using a press machine under the pressure of 10MPa, and peeling the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and the screen on two sides after impressing to obtain the CCM membrane electrode (the 3D structure height is about 15 mu m) containing the 3D regular structure cathode catalyst layer. Post-cell test after hot pressing with Hessen HCP-120 carbon paper (with leveling layer) (test conditions: 60 ℃,1.5atm,100% RH). The maximum power density of the battery is about 670mW cm -2 Limiting current density of about 1.35Acm -2 。
Example 4
Mixing 20wt% of platinum-carbon catalyst powder, 5wt% of nafion solution and ethanol in a mass ratio of 1. Placing Dupont N211 proton exchange membrane on a hot table heated to 80 ℃, and respectively spraying catalyst slurry on the surfaces of two sides of the proton exchange membrane by using an ultrasonic atomization spraying device to obtain a CCM membrane electrode (the anode side platinum loading is about 0.15mg cm) -2 Cathode side platinum loading of about 0.40mg cm -2 ). Two sides of the CCM membrane electrode are covered with Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films with the thickness of 0.02mm, and the cathode side is covered with a 300-mesh nylon screen; and impressing the membrane for 20s at room temperature by using a press at 6MPa, and peeling the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and the screen at two sides after impressing to obtain the CCM membrane electrode (the 3D structure height is about 10 mu m) containing the 3D regular structure cathode catalyst layer. He Sen and HesenHCP-120 carbon paper (with a leveling layer) was hot pressed and post-loaded with a battery test (test conditions: 60 ℃,1.5atm,100% RH). The maximum power density of the battery is about 700mW cm -2 Limiting current density of about 1.35A cm -2 。
Comparative example 1
Mixing 20wt% of platinum-carbon catalyst powder, 5wt% of nafion solution, isopropyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 1. Placing Dupont N211 proton exchange membrane on a hot bench heated to 90 ℃, and respectively spraying catalyst slurry on the surfaces of the two sides of the proton exchange membrane by using an ultrasonic atomization spraying device to obtain a CCM membrane electrode (the platinum loading capacity of the anode side is about 0.15mg cm) -2 Cathode side platinum loading of about 0.40mg cm -2 ). Post-cell test after hot pressing with Hesen HCP-120 carbon paper (with a leveling layer) (test conditions: 60 ℃,1.5atm,100% RH). The maximum power density of the battery is 645mW cm -2 Limiting current density of 1.30A cm -2 。
Comparative example 2
Mixing 20wt% of platinum-carbon catalyst powder, 5wt% of nafion solution, ethanol in a mass ratio of 1. Placing Dupont N211 proton exchange membrane on a hot bench heated to 80 deg.C, respectively spraying catalyst slurry on the surfaces of both sides of the proton exchange membrane by using ultrasonic atomization spraying device to obtain CCM membrane electrode (platinum loading amount of about 0.15mg cm on anode side) -2 Cathode side platinum loading of about 0.40mg cm -2 ). Covering Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films with the thickness of 0.02mm on two sides of the CCM membrane electrode, and covering a 3000-mesh nylon screen on the cathode side; and stamping the membrane for 20s at room temperature by using a press machine under the pressure of 12MPa, and stripping the polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and the screen on two sides after stamping to obtain the CCM membrane electrode (the 3D structure height is about 18 mu m) containing the cathode catalyst layer with the 3D regular structure. Post-cell test after hot pressing with Hessen HCP-120 carbon paper (with leveling layer) (test conditions: 60 ℃,1.5atm,100% RH). The maximum power density of the battery is about 620mW cm -2 Limiting current density of about 1.25A cm -2 。
As can be seen by comparing the polarization curves of the 4 examples with the 2 comparative examples: when the size of the imprinting template and the imprinting pressure are appropriate, the peak power density and the limiting current density of the fuel cell assembled by the membrane electrode are both improved to a certain degree, and the 3D regular structure catalyst layer prepared by the method is proved to successfully realize the optimization of mass transmission.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. The preparation method of the CCM membrane electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps: covering a screen on the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode, stamping, and then peeling the screen, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 20-2000 meshes; the pressure of the stamping is 1-10Mpa;
before the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode is covered with a screen, the anode and the cathode of the CCM membrane electrode are also covered with polytetrafluoroethylene films;
the catalytic layer on the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode has a 3D structure and the catalyst loading capacity is more than or equal to 0.1mg/cm 2 。
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mesh number of the screen is 100 to 300 meshes;
and/or the material of the screen mesh is nylon or metal;
and/or the aperture of the screen is 7.5-850 μm;
and/or the wire diameter of the screen is 5.2-420 μm;
and/or, the imprinting is carried out by a press;
and/or the temperature of the stamping is 10-30 ℃;
and/or the pressure of the stamping is 2-10Mpa or 4-6Mpa;
and/or the stamping time is 5 to 30s;
and/or the CCM membrane electrode is provided with a 3D regular structure catalyst layer, and the height of the 3D regular structure catalyst layer is 2-15 mu m.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mesh has a pore size of 50 μm to 150 μm;
and/or the wire diameter of the screen is 35-105 μm;
and/or the stamping time is 10 to 20s;
and/or the height of the 3D regular structure catalyst layer is 8-10 mu m.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction mixture,
the thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene film is 0.02-0.5 mm.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene film has a thickness of 0.02 to 0.1mm.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the CCM membrane electrode is prepared by an ultrasonic spraying method before a cathode of the CCM membrane electrode is covered with a mesh.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic spray coating method comprises the steps of: step 1, ultrasonically dispersing and uniformly mixing catalyst powder, nafion solution and alcohol to obtain catalyst slurry;
and 2, placing the proton exchange membrane on a hot table, and ultrasonically spraying the catalyst slurry on two surfaces with the largest surface area of the proton exchange membrane to obtain the CCM membrane electrode.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step 1, the catalyst is a platinum catalyst;
and/or in the step 1, the concentration of the Nafion solution is 5 to 20wt%, wherein the wt% refers to the mass percentage of Nafion in the Nafion solution;
and/or, in step 1, the alcohol is ethanol and/or isopropanol;
and/or in the step 1, the time of ultrasonic dispersion is 5 to 120min;
and/or, in step 2, the proton exchange membrane is one or more of Dupont N115, dupont N117, dupont N211 and Dupont N212;
and/or in the step 2, when the catalyst slurry is sprayed, the temperature of the hot platform is 60 to 90 ℃;
and/or in the step 2, the catalyst loading capacity of the anode side of the CCM membrane electrode is 0.05-0.2mg/cm 2 (ii) a The catalyst loading capacity of the cathode side is 0.1 to 0.4mg/cm 2 。
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein in the step 1, the catalyst is one or more of platinum black, platinum carbon, platinum ruthenium, platinum cobalt, platinum nickel, platinum iron and platinum copper;
and/or in the step 1, the time of ultrasonic dispersion is 20 to 60min;
and/or in the step 2, the catalyst loading capacity of the anode side of the CCM membrane electrode is 0.15mg/cm 2 (ii) a The catalyst loading capacity of the cathode side is 0.35 to 0.4mg/cm 2 。
10. A CCM membrane electrode prepared by the method of claim 1 comprising: the catalyst layer is covered on two surfaces with the largest surface area of the proton exchange membrane, and is characterized in that the catalyst layer on the cathode side of the CCM membrane electrode has a 3D structure and the catalyst loading capacity is more than or equal to 0.1mg/cm 2 The 3D structure comprises protrusions with the interval of 12.7-1270 mu m, the height of the protrusions is 2-15 mu m, and the number of the protrusions per inch is 20-2000.
11. The CCM membrane electrode of claim 10 having a 3D regular structured catalytic layer on its cathode side, wherein said protrusions are of equal width, length and/or height relative to each other;
and/or at least two dimensions of the length, width and height of the projection are the same;
and/or the bulges are uniformly distributed at equal intervals;
and/or the catalyst loading capacity is 0.1 to 0.4mg/cm 2 ；
And/or the height of the protrusions is 8-10 μm;
and/or the number of the protrusions per inch is 100 to 300.
12. The CCM membrane electrode of claim 11, wherein the catalyst loading is 0.35 to 0.4mg/cm 2 。
13. The CCM membrane electrode of claim 10 having a 3D regular structured catalytic layer on its cathode side, said protrusions being of equal width, length and height relative to each other; the length and width of the projection are the same.
14. Use of a CCM membrane electrode of any one of claims 10 to 13 in a fuel cell.
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| CN114824299B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2024-07-05 | 华东理工大学 | CCM membrane electrode and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115869956A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-31 | 西安交通大学 | FeCo with a domain-restricted structure 2 O 4 Photoelectrocatalysis thin film material, preparation method and application thereof |
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