CN114899420B - Fuel cell catalytic layer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell catalytic layer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114899420B CN114899420B CN202210431598.4A CN202210431598A CN114899420B CN 114899420 B CN114899420 B CN 114899420B CN 202210431598 A CN202210431598 A CN 202210431598A CN 114899420 B CN114899420 B CN 114899420B
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003937 Aquivion® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 43
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 25
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
- H01M4/8657—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites layered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8842—Coating using a catalyst salt precursor in solution followed by evaporation and reduction of the precursor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The application provides a fuel cell catalytic layer and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: alternately spraying the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry to form a fuel cell catalytic layer with an interlayer structure; the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry comprise a catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer and a dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and volatile alcohol; in the water-rich catalyst slurry, the mass percentage of volatile alcohol in the dispersing agent is 5-30%; in the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, the mass percentage of volatile alcohol in the dispersing agent is 60-95%. The method can exert the respective advantages of the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, so that the prepared catalytic layer has a certain macroporous structure for mass transfer and good proton conductivity, thereby optimizing the output performance of the fuel cell.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a fuel cell catalytic layer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell can convert chemical energy into electric energy, has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, no pollution of products and the like, and can be used as an automobile power source, a mobile power source and a fixed power station. The structure of the catalytic layer determines the output performance, stability and durability of the pem fuel cell as the site where the electrochemical reaction occurs. Currently, the catalytic layer is prepared primarily from a catalyst slurry precursor, wherein the slurry dispersant is typically an alcohol or water/alcohol mixed solvent. The water-rich catalyst slurry helps create more macropores in the catalytic layer, thereby facilitating transport of reactants and products. However, the catalyst layer formed by the water-rich catalyst slurry has poor proton conductivity, resulting in undesirable battery performance. In contrast to the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, the catalyst layer prepared by the catalyst slurry has a less macroporous structure, is unfavorable for mass transfer, and has excellent proton conductivity. Although the use of a moderate water/alcohol ratio can balance the contradiction between pore structure and proton conductivity to some extent, the advantages of the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry are impaired, respectively, and it is difficult to maximize their advantages.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a fuel cell catalytic layer and a preparation method thereof, and the method can exert respective advantages of water-rich catalyst slurry and alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, so that the prepared catalytic layer has a certain macroporous structure and good proton conductivity, thereby optimizing the output performance of a fuel cell.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:
a method of preparing a fuel cell catalytic layer, the method comprising: alternately spraying the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry to form a fuel cell catalytic layer with an interlayer structure;
the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry comprise a catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer and a dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and volatile alcohol;
in the water-rich catalyst slurry, the mass percentage of volatile alcohol in the dispersing agent is 5-30%;
in the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, the mass percentage of volatile alcohol in the dispersing agent is 60-95%.
Based on the technical scheme, preferably, the ratio of the discharge amount of the water-rich catalyst slurry to the discharge amount of the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry is 1-3:1.
Based on the technical scheme, preferably, in the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, the total mass fraction of the catalyst and the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 0.1-3%.
Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the catalyst includes a carbon carrier and a catalytically active material, and the mass ratio of the carbon carrier to the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 1:0.3 to 1.2 percent of catalyst, wherein the mass percentage of the catalytic active substances in the catalyst is 10 to 70 percent.
Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the carbon carrier is one of Ketjen Black, vulcan XC-72, BP2000, and the catalytically active material is one of Pt, ptCo, ptIr, ptPd, ptRu, ptAu.
Based on the above technical solution, preferably, the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is one of Nafion and 3M, aquivion.
Based on the above technical scheme, preferably, the volatile alcohol is one or a mixture of at least two of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and n-propanol.
The application also provides a membrane electrode of the fuel cell, which comprises a proton exchange membrane, a gas diffusion layer, a polyester frame and a catalytic layer, wherein the catalytic layer is prepared by the preparation method.
Based on the technical proposal, preferably, the loading capacity of Pt in the catalytic layer at the anode and the cathode is 0.05-0.4 mg/cm 2 。
The application also provides a fuel cell comprising the membrane electrode.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
(1) The preparation method can well exert the respective advantages of the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, so that the prepared catalytic layer has a certain pore structure and good proton conductivity; the catalyst layer formed by the water-rich catalyst slurry has larger pore diameter and larger macroporous volume, can provide a transportation channel for reactants and products, and provides good proton conductivity. Therefore, the combination of the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry ensures the timely supply of protons and reactants in the catalytic layer, and simultaneously enables the generated product water to be discharged in time, thereby effectively relieving flooding of the fuel cell and greatly improving the output performance of the fuel cell.
(2) The preparation method is relatively simple, and can improve the existing spraying process, thereby realizing large-scale production and being beneficial to commercialization of fuel cells.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process for the preparation of the present application;
in the figure: 1. the alcohol-rich catalyst comprises a first alcohol-rich catalyst slurry layer, a first water-rich catalyst slurry layer, a second alcohol-rich catalyst slurry layer, a second water-rich catalyst slurry layer, a third alcohol-rich catalyst slurry layer, a third water-rich catalyst slurry layer, a fourth alcohol-rich catalyst slurry layer, a fourth water-rich catalyst slurry layer and a third alcohol-rich catalyst slurry layer, wherein the first alcohol-rich catalyst slurry layer, the second water-rich catalyst slurry layer, the 5 alcohol-rich catalyst slurry layer, the 6-rich catalyst slurry layer, the third water-rich catalyst slurry layer, the 7-rich catalyst slurry layer, the fourth alcohol-rich catalyst slurry layer and the fourth water-rich catalyst slurry layer;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing pore size distribution of the catalytic layers of comparative examples 1-3 and example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a proton conductivity resistance chart of the membrane electrode assembly catalytic layers of comparative examples 1-3 and example 1 of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the polarization curves of the membrane electrodes of comparative examples 1 to 3 and example 1 according to the present application under hydrogen air conditions.
Detailed Description
The application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The specific operation process is as follows:
in all of the following examples and comparative examples, the formulation parameters of the anode side catalyst slurry were: 40wt.% Pt content of the carbon supported platinum catalyst, the mass ratio of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer to catalyst carbon support was 0.65:1, the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer adopts Nafion, the dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and isopropanol, wherein the mass percent of the isopropanol is 50%, and the total mass percent of the carbon-supported platinum catalyst and the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 1%.
Filling the dispersed anode catalyst slurry into a spray gun, and spraying the anode catalyst slurry onto a proton exchange membrane to prepare an anode catalyst layer, wherein the Pt loading amount of the anode catalyst layer is 0.2mg/cm 2 。
Comparative example 1
The preparation parameters of the cathode side catalyst slurry are as follows: 40wt.% Pt content of the carbon supported platinum catalyst, the mass ratio of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer to catalyst carbon support was 0.65:1, the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer adopts Nafion, the dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and isopropanol, wherein the mass percent of the isopropanol is 20%, and the total mass percent of the carbon-supported platinum catalyst and the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 1%.
And loading the dispersed catalyst slurry into a spray gun, and spraying the catalyst slurry onto a proton exchange membrane to prepare the cathode catalytic layer. Wherein the Pt loading of the cathode catalytic layer is 0.1mg/cm 2 Finally, the membrane electrode is obtained by hot pressing with the gas diffusion layer.
Comparative example 2
The preparation parameters of the cathode side catalyst slurry are as follows: 40wt.% Pt content of the carbon supported platinum catalyst, the mass ratio of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer to catalyst carbon support was 0.65:1, the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer adopts Nafion, the dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and isopropanol, wherein the mass percent of the isopropanol is 80%, and the total mass percent of the carbon-supported platinum catalyst and the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 1%.
And loading the dispersed catalyst slurry into a spray gun, and spraying the catalyst slurry onto a proton exchange membrane to prepare the cathode catalytic layer. Wherein the Pt loading of the cathode catalytic layer is 0.1mg/cm 2 Finally, the membrane electrode is obtained by hot pressing with the gas diffusion layer.
Comparative example 3
The preparation parameters of the cathode side catalyst slurry are as follows: 40wt.% Pt content of the carbon supported platinum catalyst, the mass ratio of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer to catalyst carbon support was 0.65:1, the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer adopts Nafion, the dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and isopropanol, wherein the mass percent of the isopropanol is 50%, and the total mass percent of the carbon-supported platinum catalyst and the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 1%.
And loading the dispersed catalyst slurry into a spray gun, and spraying the catalyst slurry onto a proton exchange membrane to prepare the cathode catalytic layer. Wherein the Pt loading of the cathode catalytic layer is 0.1mg/cm 2 Finally, the membrane electrode is obtained by hot pressing with the gas diffusion layer.
Example 1
The preparation parameters of the cathode side catalyst slurry are as follows:
the preparation parameters of the water-rich catalyst slurry are as follows: 40wt.% Pt content of the carbon supported platinum catalyst, the mass ratio of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer to catalyst carbon support was 0.65:1, a perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer adopts Nafion, a dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and isopropanol, wherein the mass percent of the isopropanol is 20%, and the total mass percent of a carbon-supported platinum catalyst and the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 1%;
the preparation parameters of the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry are as follows: 40wt.% Pt content of the carbon supported platinum catalyst, the mass ratio of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer to catalyst carbon support was 0.65:1, the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer adopts Nafion, the dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and isopropanol, wherein the mass percent of the isopropanol is 80%, and the mass percent of the carbon-supported platinum catalyst and the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 1%.
The total mass of the carbon-supported platinum catalyst in the water-rich catalyst slurry and the carbon-supported platinum catalyst in the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry were the same as the mass of the carbon-supported platinum catalyst in the catalyst slurries of comparative examples 1, 2, and 3.
Filling dispersed water-rich catalyst slurry into one spray gun, filling dispersed alcohol-rich catalyst slurry into another spray gun, alternately spraying the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry onto a proton exchange membrane to form a cathode catalytic layer with an interlayer structure, wherein the discharge amount of the single-layer water-rich catalyst slurry and the discharge amount of the single-layer alcohol-rich catalyst slurry are 0.1mL min -1 . Wherein the Pt loading of the cathode catalytic layer is 0.1mg/cm 2 Finally, the membrane electrode is obtained by hot pressing with the gas diffusion layer.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the preparation method of the present application. By alternately spraying the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, a repeated alcohol-rich slurry catalyst layer/water-rich slurry catalyst layer-by-layer stack structure can be formed. The catalytic layer formed by the alcohol-rich slurry provides good proton conductivity, and the catalytic layer formed by the water-rich slurry provides a transportation channel for reactants and products, so that the timely supply of protons and reactants in the catalytic layer is ensured, and meanwhile, the generated product water can be timely discharged, so that the flooding of the fuel cell is effectively relieved, and the output performance of the fuel cell is greatly improved. In addition, the preparation method of the application is relatively simple, can meet the large-scale production requirement without damaging the original spraying process, and is beneficial to commercialization of fuel cells.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing pore diameter distribution of the catalytic layers of comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and example 1. As can be seen from the figure, the macropores of comparative example 1 have the largest pore diameter and the largest macropore volume due to the use of the water-rich catalyst slurry. Whereas comparative example 2, which uses an alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, has the smallest macropore pore size and the smallest macropore volume. Comparative example 3, which uses a medium water/alcohol ratio catalyst slurry, has a macropore pore size between comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and a macropore volume greater than that of comparative example 2. The macropore aperture of example 1 is equivalent to that of comparative example 1, and the macropore volume is greater than that of comparative examples 2 and 3, which shows that the method of the application can well retain the advantages of the water-rich catalyst slurry, has equivalent macropore aperture and certain macropore volume, and simultaneously has a better catalytic layer pore structure than that of the catalyst layer with proper water/alcohol ratio, namely larger macropore aperture and larger macropore volume, and shows the advantages of the method of the application in optimizing the catalytic layer pore structure, which is undoubtedly convenient for transporting reactants and product water, thereby being beneficial to improving the performance of the battery.
Fig. 3 is proton conduction resistance diagrams of the membrane electrode catalytic layers of comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and example 1 of the present application. It can be seen that comparative example 1 has the greatest proton conduction resistance, i.e., the worst proton transport capacity. The proton conduction resistance of comparative example 3 was significantly lower than that of comparative example 1, but still higher than that of comparative example 2 and example 1. The proton conduction resistances of comparative example 2 and example 1 are not quite different. This shows that the method of the application well retains the excellent proton conductivity of the catalytic layer prepared by the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, and also embodies the advantage of the method of the application in improving the proton conductivity of the catalytic layer.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing polarization curves of the membrane electrodes of comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and example 1 according to the present application under hydrogen air conditions. The catalytic layer prepared in example 1 has a certain pore structure and good proton conductivity, so that the performance of the membrane electrode battery in example 1 is obviously improved compared with that of the membrane electrode batteries in comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the effectiveness and the advantage of the method for improving the output performance of the battery are shown.
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any person skilled in the art, using the above-mentioned disclosure, can make various changes or modifications equivalent to the equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a catalytic layer of a fuel cell, the method comprising: alternately spraying the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry to form a fuel cell catalytic layer with an interlayer structure;
the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry comprise a catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer and a dispersing agent, wherein the dispersing agent is a mixed solvent of water and volatile alcohol;
in the water-rich catalyst slurry, the mass percentage of volatile alcohol in the dispersing agent is 5-30%;
in the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry, the mass percentage of volatile alcohol in the dispersing agent is 60-95%.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the amount of the water-rich catalyst slurry discharged to the amount of the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry discharged is 1 to 3:1.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water-rich catalyst slurry and the alcohol-rich catalyst slurry each have a total mass fraction of catalyst and perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer of 0.1 to 3%.
4. The method of preparing according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises a carbon support and a catalytically active material, the mass ratio of the carbon support to perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is 1:0.3 to 1.2 percent of catalyst, wherein the mass percentage of the catalytic active substances in the catalyst is 10 to 70 percent.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the carbon carrier is one of Ketjen Black, vulcan XC-72, BP2000, and the catalytically active material is one of Pt, ptCo, ptIr, ptPd, ptRu, ptAu.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the perfluorosulfonic acid ionomer is one of Nafion, 3M, aquivion.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the volatile alcohol is one or a mixture of at least two of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-propanol.
8. A membrane electrode of a fuel cell, comprising a proton exchange membrane, a gas diffusion layer, a polyester frame and a catalytic layer, wherein the catalytic layer is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The membrane electrode according to claim 8, wherein Pt loading of the anode and the cathode in the catalyst layer is 0.05-0.4 mg/cm 2 。
10. A fuel cell comprising the membrane electrode according to any one of claims 8 to 9.
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| CN114899420A (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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