CN113418640A - Polar region ship anchor windlass roller stress detection device and stress detection method - Google Patents
Polar region ship anchor windlass roller stress detection device and stress detection method Download PDFInfo
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting the stress of a drum of an anchor windlass of an arctic ship. The stress-strain testing technology can be used for analyzing and researching the stress conditions of structures, parts and the like, judging the reliability of work, detecting the stress of the roller and other parts in real time, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness and giving an alarm in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of stress detection, in particular to a roller stress detection device and a stress detection method for an anchor windlass of a polar ship.
Background
At present, due to the fact that climate is warmed, an arctic route is opened, the arctic ship industry develops rapidly, the anchor winch is used as one of main components of ship clamping plate equipment, and the reliability and the safety of the anchor winch play a vital role in safe operation of ships. The drum of the mooring machine is generally used for winding the cable when the ship is parked at a dock, is moved away from the dock and is tied to the buoy, and is wound and recovered to bear the tensile load during the above-mentioned operations.
The main body component of the anchor and mooring machine comprises a cylinder body, a side partition plate, a clutch claw and a bearing bush. Under the condition of low temperature in polar regions, deck equipment can have cold-brittle transition and reduced mechanical properties; the water mist can be frozen under the action of low temperature, and the mechanical load is increased; wind surge can reduce ship stability and increase the stress of the mooring rope and the anchor windlass. Therefore, stress detection devices are arranged at key positions of the anchor windlass, such as a roller mainly stressed, a side partition plate and the like, and the anchor windlass is very favorable for safe and reliable operation of the ship in a severe environment.
At present, simulation software such as ANSYS is used for modeling and simulation in stress analysis, but the simulation analysis has higher requirements on modeling level and boundary conditions, stress conditions of deck machinery under low temperature, icing and poor sea conditions can be changed violently, and the simulation cannot provide accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting the stress of a roller of an anchor windlass of a polar ship, aiming at the technical problems in the prior art.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the stress detection device for the anchor windlass roller of the polar ship comprises a plurality of strain rosettes, a plurality of wireless stress sensor nodes, a wireless access point and an industrial personal computer, wherein each strain rosette comprises a plurality of strain gauges, each strain rosette is connected with one corresponding wireless stress sensor node, the strain rosettes and the corresponding wireless stress sensor nodes are fixedly arranged at a plurality of high-risk stress point positions of the anchor windlass roller of the polar ship and a side partition plate, and each wireless stress sensor node is in communication connection with the industrial personal computer through the wireless access point; each strain rosette is used for measuring the strain of the high-risk stress point in multiple directions and transmitting the strain to the corresponding wireless stress sensor node; each wireless stress sensor node is used for calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position according to the strain of the high-risk stress point position transmitted by the corresponding stress rosette in multiple directions and transmitting the calculated stress value to the industrial personal computer through the wireless access point; and the industrial personal computer is used for alarming the high-risk stress point position with the stress value exceeding the warning value.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Optionally, each strain rosette comprises three strain gauges for measuring strains in three directions of corresponding high-risk stress point locations;
correspondingly, each wireless stress sensor node is configured to calculate a stress value of a high-risk stress point location according to strains of the high-risk stress point location transferred by a corresponding stress rosette in multiple directions, and includes: the wireless stress sensor node calculates the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis according to the strain in the three directions; and calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position based on the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis, wherein an x-axis coordinate system and a y-axis coordinate system are established according to actual requirements.
Optionally, the wireless stress sensor node includes a strain measurement unit, a signal processing unit, a first wireless transceiver unit, an MCU processor, and a power supply; the strain measurement unit is a measurement bridge and is used for converting resistance signals of three strain gauges of the high-risk stress point position into voltage signals respectively, and calculating corresponding strain according to the voltage signals to obtain the strain in three directions; the signal processing unit is used for calculating stress values of the high-risk stress point positions according to the strains of the high-risk stress point positions in three directions and sending the stress values of the high-risk stress point positions to the wireless access point through the first wireless receiving and sending unit; and the MCU processor is used for controlling the wireless stress sensor node to enter dormancy or wake up.
Optionally, the wireless access point includes a second wireless transceiver unit, a storage unit and a USB interface, and the wireless access point is connected to the industrial personal computer through the USB interface; the second wireless receiving and transmitting unit is used for receiving the stress value sent by each wireless stress sensor node; and the storage unit is used for storing the stress value sent by each wireless stress sensor node and transmitting the stress value to the industrial personal computer through the USB interface.
Optionally, the wireless stress sensor node is sealed in the disc-shaped shell and is adhered or welded to the high-risk stress point, and the three strain gauges are adhered to the high-risk stress point and are connected with the corresponding wireless stress sensor node through a lead.
Optionally, each wireless stress sensor node is connected to the wireless access point through a wireless network, the transmission frequency of the wireless network is 2.4GHz, and the transmission distance is greater than or equal to 300 m.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a method for detecting the stress of a roller of an anchor windlass of a polar ship is provided, which comprises the following steps: fixedly arranging strain rosettes and wireless stress sensor nodes at each high-risk stress point position of a roller or a side partition plate of an anchor winch of a polar ship, wherein each strain rosettes comprises strain gauges arranged in three directions; measuring the strain in three directions at the position corresponding to the high-risk stress point by using three strain gauges; calculating stress values of high-risk stress point positions according to the strains in the three directions; and alarming the high-risk stress point position with the stress value exceeding the warning value.
Optionally, the calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point location according to the strains in the three directions includes: calculating the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis according to the strains of the high-risk stress point in three directions; and calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position based on the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis, wherein the x axis and the y axis are established according to actual requirements.
Optionally, calculating the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress, and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis according to the strain of the high-risk stress point in three directions, includes: establishing a calculation formula of the strain in three directions:
wherein epsilon1、ε2And ε3Is strain in three directions, theta1、θ2And theta3The included angles between the three strain gauges and the x axis are included; the strain epsilon in the x-axis direction of the parameter is solved according to the formulas (1), (2) and (3)xStrain in y-axis direction ∈yAnd shear strain gammaxy；
Based on epsilonx、εy、γxyThe maximum principal stress σ is calculated by the following formulamaxMinimum principal stress σminAnd the angle phi between the main direction and the x axis:
wherein E is the tensile elastic modulus;
based on the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis, calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position by the following formula:
in the formula, σ1＝σmax,σ2＝σmin,σ3＝0。
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting the stress of a drum of an anchor windlass of an arctic ship. The stress-strain testing technology can be used for analyzing and researching the stress conditions of structures, parts and the like, judging the reliability of work, detecting the stress of the roller and other parts in real time, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness and giving an alarm in time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a drum stress detection device of an anchor windlass of a polar vessel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the mounting directions of three strain gauges;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a wireless stress sensor node;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a wireless access point;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for detecting the stress of a roller of an anchor windlass of a polar vessel according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is an overall flowchart of a method for detecting the drum stress of the anchor windlass of the polar vessel according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a view of a stress detection device for a polar ship anchor-mooring machine roller, as shown in fig. 1, the stress detection device includes a plurality of strain rosettes, a plurality of wireless stress sensor nodes, a wireless access point and an industrial personal computer, each strain rosette includes a plurality of strain gauges, each strain rosette is connected with a corresponding wireless stress sensor node, the plurality of strain rosettes and the corresponding wireless stress sensor nodes are fixedly arranged at a plurality of high-risk stress points of the polar ship anchor-mooring machine roller and a side partition plate, and each wireless stress sensor node is in communication connection with the industrial personal computer through the wireless access point.
Each strain rosette is used for measuring the strain of the high-risk stress point in multiple directions and transmitting the strain to the corresponding wireless stress sensor node; each wireless stress sensor node is used for calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position according to the strain of the high-risk stress point position transmitted by the corresponding stress rosette in multiple directions and transmitting the calculated stress value to the industrial personal computer through the wireless access point; and the industrial personal computer is used for alarming the high-risk stress point position with the stress value exceeding the warning value.
It can be understood that the defect that the accuracy cannot be improved by utilizing software to perform modeling simulation analysis on stress based on the current stage is overcome by the stress-strain testing technology, the stress-strain testing technology can be used for analyzing and researching the stress conditions of structures, parts and the like, the reliability of work is judged, the technology can realize real-time stress detection on the positions of rollers and the like, the accuracy and the timeliness are ensured, and timely alarming is realized.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device capable of detecting the stress of high-risk stress points such as a polar ship anchor windlass roller, a side partition plate and the like, wherein the device mainly comprises a plurality of wireless stress sensor nodes, the wireless stress sensor nodes are fixed on the inner wall of the roller and the high-risk points of the side partition plate, the high-risk stress points are large stress points obtained after a cable is wound according to actual survey data and simulation analysis results, and comprise the wound front end of the cable and the welding seam between the partition plate and a roller main body. The strain gauges are connected to sensor nodes, and typically, four channels are provided in one sensor node, so that four strain gauges can be connected. Under actual working conditions, the stress conditions of the roller are variable and complex, and the stress cannot be accurately calibrated, so that in the embodiment of the invention, the strain rosettes are adopted to test the strains in any three directions, and the strain rosettes formed by three strain gauges are simultaneously connected to the same sensor node. Namely, a set of strain rosettes and wireless stress sensor nodes are fixed at each high-risk stress point position of the anchor-mooring machine roller and the side partition plate, and all the wireless stress sensor nodes are connected into the industrial personal computer through wireless access points.
Specifically, the three strain gauges are used for respectively measuring the strain of the high-risk stress point in three directions, wherein the three directions refer to the installation directions of the three strain gauges at the high-risk stress point. The three strain gauges measure the strain in three directions, the wireless stress sensor node calculates the stress value of the high-risk stress point according to the measured strain in the three directions, and the calculated stress value and the position of the high-risk stress point are sent to the industrial personal computer through the wireless access point. And the industrial personal computer receives the stress value of each high-risk stress point position, compares the stress value with the stress warning value, and alarms the corresponding high-risk stress point position if the stress value exceeds the stress warning value.
The stress-strain testing technology can be used for analyzing and researching the stress conditions of structures, parts and the like, judging the reliability of work, detecting the stress of the roller and other parts in real time, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness and giving an alarm in time.
In a possible embodiment, each strain gage comprises three strain gauges, and the three strain gauges are installed in different directions and used for measuring the strain of the corresponding high-risk stress point in three directions. Correspondingly, each wireless stress sensor node is configured to calculate a stress value of a high-risk stress point location according to strains of the high-risk stress point location transferred by a corresponding stress rosette in multiple directions, and includes: the wireless stress sensor node calculates the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis according to the strain in the three directions; and calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position based on the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis.
It will be appreciated that the following can be establishedIn the x-y axis coordinate system of fig. 2, it should be noted that the coordinate axes are used to determine the relative positions of the three strains, and the selection of the x-axis and y-axis directions in the coordinate axes has no influence on the magnitude of the finally calculated stress value, where θ1、θ2And theta3Is the angle between the three strain gauges and the x-axis.
In a possible embodiment, the wireless stress sensor node includes a strain measurement unit, a signal processing unit, a first wireless transceiver unit, an MCU processor, and a power supply, see fig. 3, which supplies power to the strain measurement unit, the signal processing unit, the first wireless transceiver unit, and the MCU processor. The strain measurement unit is a measurement bridge and is used for converting resistance signals of three strain gauges of the high-risk stress point position into voltage signals respectively, and calculating corresponding strain according to the voltage signals to obtain the strain in three directions. The measuring bridge mainly has three bridge modes including a single arm, a half bridge and a full bridge, in the embodiment of the invention, the measuring bridge adopts the half bridge, and the corresponding strain is converted according to the output voltage of the bridge, wherein the output voltage U of the bridge is0And strain epsilon is U01/2K ∈ U, wherein U0The output voltage of the bridge circuit is U, the input voltage of the bridge circuit is K, the sensitivity coefficient of the resistance strain gauge is K, and the strain measuring unit is based on the output voltage of the bridge circuit U0The corresponding strain epsilon is calculated. The strain in the three directions is solved by adopting the mode, the strain in the three directions is measured by adopting the mode, and the measurement precision and linearity are ensured under the condition of reducing the operation difficulty.
And the signal processing unit is used for calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position according to the strain of the high-risk stress point position in three directions and sending the stress value of the high-risk stress point position to the wireless access point through the first wireless transceiving unit. The first wireless transceiving unit comprises a wireless transceiving chip and a PCB antenna. The MCU processor can control the whole wireless stress sensor node to enter dormancy or wake up, and can also be controlled by an external signal, usually when the conditions of reeling and unreeling a mooring rope and external wind surge are poor, the shaking amplitude of the ship body is large, and when the stress state change of the mooring rope and a roller is large, the whole module is activated to detect.
In a possible embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the wireless access point includes a second wireless transceiving unit, a storage unit, and a USB interface, and the wireless access point is connected to the industrial personal computer through the USB interface. The second wireless transceiving unit comprises a wireless transceiving chip and a PCB antenna and is used for receiving the stress value sent by each wireless stress sensor node; and the storage unit is used for storing the stress value sent by each wireless stress sensor node and transmitting the stress value to the industrial personal computer through the USB interface.
In a possible embodiment, the wireless stress sensor node is sealed in the disc-shaped housing and is adhered or welded to the high-risk stress point, and the three strain gauges are adhered to the high-risk stress point and are connected with the corresponding wireless stress sensor node through a lead.
It should be noted that, the whole wireless stress sensor node is sealed in the disc-shaped shell, and can be bonded or welded at the stress test point (high-risk stress point), and the strain measurement unit and the interface between the strain measurement unit and the internal module are all subjected to waterproof treatment, so that the normal operation of the node can be ensured under the wind and wave condition of the ship, and the service life is prolonged.
Each wireless stress sensor node and each wireless access point form a network connection for data transmission, the data network is constructed based on an IEEE.802.25.4 physical layer protocol, the wireless transmission frequency is 2.4GHz, and the communication distance can reach 300 m.
It should be noted that the traditional arrangement method of the wired stress detection device has the problems of complex wiring, easy damage in low-temperature and humid environment, difficult maintenance and the like for rotary machines such as a roller, so that the wireless stress detection device provided by the invention can intensively feed back data in real time aiming at a plurality of high-risk stress points, is simple to mount and dismount and easy to maintain, and the sealing performance provided by an external shell ensures stable work under extreme conditions. The method has the advantages of strong test stability, high precision, high efficiency, high reliability and the like.
Referring to fig. 5, a method for detecting the roller stress of an anchor windlass of a polar ship is provided, which comprises the following steps: 501. fixedly arranging strain rosettes and wireless stress sensor nodes at each high-risk stress point position of a roller or a side partition plate of the anchor windlass of the polar ship, wherein each strain rosettes comprises strain gauges arranged in three directions; 502. measuring the strain in three directions at the position corresponding to the high-risk stress point by using three strain gauges; 503. calculating stress values of high-risk stress point positions according to the strains in the three directions; 504. and alarming the high-risk stress point position with the stress value exceeding the warning value.
It can be understood that, the embodiment of the present invention provides a device capable of detecting stress at high-risk stress points such as anchor windlass drum and side partition of polar ship, and the specific structure of the device for detecting stress is referred to the foregoing embodiments and will not be described in detail herein.
Measuring the strain in three directions at the position corresponding to the high-risk stress point by using three strain gauges of the strain rosette; the wireless stress sensor node calculates the stress value of the high-risk stress point position according to the strain in three directions; and the remote industrial personal computer alarms the high-risk stress point position with the stress value exceeding the warning value.
In a possible embodiment, the calculating, by the wireless stress sensor node, the stress value of the high-risk stress point location according to the strains in three directions includes: calculating the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis according to the strains of the high-risk stress point in three directions; and calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position based on the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis.
Specifically, when the stress value of high-risk stress point position is calculated at wireless stress sensor node, wherein, according to the strain of the three directions of high-risk stress point position, calculate the contained angle of maximum principal stress, minimum principal stress and principal direction and x axle, include:
establishing a calculation formula of the strain in three directions:
wherein epsilon1、ε2And ε3Is strain in three directions, theta1、θ2And theta3The included angles between the three strain gauges and the x axis are included; the strain epsilon in the x-axis direction of the parameter is solved according to the formulas (1), (2) and (3)xStrain in y-axis direction ∈yAnd shear strain gammaxy；
Based on epsilonx、εy、γxyThe maximum principal stress σ is calculated by the following formulamaxMinimum principal stress σminAnd the angle phi between the main direction and the x axis:
wherein E is the tensile elastic modulus, and the maximum principal stress sigma of the high-risk stress point can be calculated according to the formula (4)maxAccording to the formula (5), the minimum principal stress sigma of the high-risk stress point can be calculatedminAnd calculating an included angle phi between the main direction of the high-risk stress point and the x axis according to a formula (6).
Based on the maximum principal stress sigmamaxMinimum principal stress σminAnd an included angle phi between the main direction and the x axis, and calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position by the following formula:
in the formula, σ1＝σmax,σ2＝σmin,σ3＝0。
Each wireless stress sensor node calculates a stress value at a high-risk stress point position, the stress value is transmitted to a remote industrial personal computer through a wireless access point, and when the industrial personal computer analyzes a received real-time stress signal, the industrial personal computer timely alarms and gives position information of the dangerous stress point after judging that the stress exceeds a warning value under the environmental condition.
Referring to fig. 6, an overall flow chart of a method for detecting drum stress of an anchor windlass of an arctic ship is provided, which includes initializing, activating each wireless stress sensor node to detect a stress value of each high-risk stress point location, transmitting the measured stress value of each high-risk stress point location to an industrial personal computer, judging whether the stress value of each high-risk stress point location reaches an alarm value by the industrial personal computer, and if so, alarming the high-risk stress point location.
The invention provides a polar ship anchor windlass roller stress detection device and a stress detection method, aiming at the defects that the traditional stress analysis utilizes simulation software such as ANSYS and the like to carry out modeling simulation, higher requirements are set on the modeling level and boundary conditions, stress conditions of deck machinery at low temperature, icing and poor sea conditions can be changed violently, the simulation cannot provide accuracy, the stress strain test technology can well overcome the problems, the device and the method can be used for completing the analysis and research of stress conditions of structures, parts and the like and judging the reliability of work, the technology can realize the real-time stress detection of the roller and other parts, the accuracy and the timeliness are ensured, and the alarm is given in time.
The traditional wired stress detection device's arrangement mode has the wiring complicacy to this type of rotating machinery of cylinder, damages easily under the low temperature humid environment, maintains difficult scheduling problem, utilizes wireless stress detection device can concentrate real-time feedback data to a plurality of high-risk stress point positions, and the installation is simple with the dismantlement, easy to maintain, and the stable work under extreme condition has been guaranteed to the leakproofness that an outside casing provided, and it is strong to have test stability, and the precision is high, and the high efficiency, advantages such as high reliability.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. The device for detecting the stress of the anchor windlass roller of the polar ship is characterized by comprising a plurality of strain rosettes, a plurality of wireless stress sensor nodes, a wireless access point and an industrial personal computer, wherein each strain rosette comprises a plurality of strain gages, each strain rosette is connected with one corresponding wireless stress sensor node, the strain rosettes and the corresponding wireless stress sensor nodes are fixedly arranged at a plurality of high-risk stress points of the anchor windlass roller and a side partition plate of the polar ship, and each wireless stress sensor node is in communication connection with the industrial personal computer through the wireless access point;
each strain rosette is used for measuring the strain of the high-risk stress point in multiple directions and transmitting the strain to the corresponding wireless stress sensor node;
each wireless stress sensor node is used for calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position according to the strain of the high-risk stress point position transmitted by the corresponding stress rosette in multiple directions and transmitting the calculated stress value to the industrial personal computer through the wireless access point;
and the industrial personal computer is used for alarming the high-risk stress point position with the stress value exceeding the warning value.
2. The stress detection device of claim 1, wherein each strain gage comprises three strain gages for measuring strain in three directions of a corresponding high-risk stress point;
correspondingly, each wireless stress sensor node is configured to calculate a stress value of a high-risk stress point location according to strains of the high-risk stress point location transferred by a corresponding stress rosette in multiple directions, and includes:
the wireless stress sensor node calculates the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis according to the strain in the three directions;
calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position based on the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis;
and the x-axis coordinate system and the y-axis coordinate system are established according to actual requirements.
3. The stress detection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wireless stress sensor node comprises a strain measurement unit, a signal processing unit, a first wireless transceiver unit, an MCU processor and a power supply;
the strain measurement unit is a measurement bridge and is used for converting resistance signals of three strain gauges of the high-risk stress point position into voltage signals respectively, and calculating corresponding strain according to the voltage signals to obtain the strain in three directions;
the signal processing unit is used for calculating stress values of the high-risk stress point positions according to the strain of the high-risk stress point positions in three directions and sending the stress values of the high-risk stress point positions to the wireless access point through the first wireless receiving and sending unit;
and the MCU processor is used for controlling the wireless stress sensor node to enter dormancy or wake up.
4. The stress detection device of claim 3, wherein the wireless access point comprises a second wireless transceiver unit, a storage unit and a USB interface, and the wireless access point is connected with the industrial personal computer through the USB interface;
the second wireless transceiving unit is used for receiving the stress value sent by each wireless stress sensor node;
and the storage unit is used for storing the stress value sent by each wireless stress sensor node and transmitting the stress value to the industrial personal computer through the USB interface.
5. The stress detection device of claim 4, wherein the wireless stress sensor node is sealed in a disc-shaped housing and is adhered or welded to the high-risk stress point, and the three strain gauges are adhered to the high-risk stress point and are connected with the corresponding wireless stress sensor node through a wire.
6. The stress detection device of claim 4, wherein each wireless stress sensor node is connected with the wireless access point through a wireless network, the transmission frequency of the wireless network is 2.4GHz, and the transmission distance is greater than or equal to 300 m.
7. A method for detecting the stress of a roller of an anchor windlass of a polar ship is characterized by comprising the following steps:
fixedly arranging strain rosettes and wireless stress sensor nodes at each high-risk stress point position of a roller or a side partition plate of an anchor winch of a polar ship, wherein each strain rosettes comprises strain gauges arranged in three directions;
measuring the strain in three directions at the position corresponding to the high-risk stress point by using three strain gauges;
calculating stress values of high-risk stress point positions according to the strains in the three directions;
and alarming the high-risk stress point position with the stress value exceeding the warning value.
8. The stress detection method according to claim 7, wherein the calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point according to the strains in the three directions comprises:
calculating the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis according to the strains of the high-risk stress point in three directions;
calculating the stress value of the high-risk stress point position based on the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis;
and the x-axis coordinate system and the y-axis coordinate system are established according to actual requirements.
9. The stress detection method according to claim 7, wherein the calculating of the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x-axis according to the strains in the three directions of the high-risk stress point comprises:
establishing a calculation formula of the strain in three directions:
wherein epsilon1、ε2And ε3For strain in three directions, measured by strain rosettes, theta1、θ2And theta3The included angles between the three strain gauges and the x axis are included;
the strain epsilon in the x direction of the parameter is solved according to the formulas (1), (2) and (3)xStrain in y-axis direction ∈yAnd shear strain gammaxy；
Based on epsilonx、εy、γxyThe maximum principal stress σ is calculated by the following formulamaxMinimum principal stress σminAnd the angle phi between the main direction and the x axis:
wherein E is the tensile elastic modulus;
based on the maximum principal stress, the minimum principal stress and the included angle between the principal direction and the x axis, the stress value of the high-risk stress point position is calculated through the following formula:
in the formula, σ1＝σmax,σ2＝σmin,σ3＝0。
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