CN113417659B - Pile-arch integrated protection structure for shallow-buried bias tunnel portal and construction method - Google Patents
Pile-arch integrated protection structure for shallow-buried bias tunnel portal and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113417659B CN113417659B CN202110689763.1A CN202110689763A CN113417659B CN 113417659 B CN113417659 B CN 113417659B CN 202110689763 A CN202110689763 A CN 202110689763A CN 113417659 B CN113417659 B CN 113417659B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/207—Securing of slopes or inclines with means incorporating sheet piles or piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/226—Protecting piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
A pile-arch integrated protection structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel portal and a construction method relate to the field of tunnel construction, and comprise anti-slide piles arranged on two sides of a tunnel portal forming face, steel bar sleeves and angle steels pre-embedded in the anti-slide piles, and pipe shed sleeve arches arranged among the anti-slide piles; two ends of the pipe shed sleeve arch are welded with angle steel; the arch part of the pipe shed cover arch is connected with the slide-resistant pile through the connecting steel bar inserted in the steel bar sleeve. The pipe shed cover arch comprises a section steel arch frame arranged on a tunnel entrance forming surface, an orifice pipe arranged on the top surface of the section steel arch frame at intervals, and concrete poured in a space between the top surface of the section steel arch frame and anti-slide piles on two sides of the tunnel entrance forming surface. The invention solves the problems of accidents such as tunnel roof collapse, main structure cracking and the like caused by the fact that a pipe shed cover arch is easy to slide along the axial direction of a tunnel, the pipe shed cover arch is easy to slide along the side slope direction, the pipe shed cover arch sinks integrally in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a pile-arch integrated protection structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel portal and a construction method.
Background
The tunnel portal is the throat of the tunnel and is one of the weak links of the whole tunnel, and the portal part is generally serious in weathering of rock and soil mass and relatively poor in terrain and geological conditions. Due to unfavorable factors such as biased terrain, ground surface joint cracks, underground water, rainfall and the like, the phenomenon of instability of a tunnel portal area is easily caused during construction, and diseases such as ground surface cracking, sliding, sinking, tunnel face collapse, protrusion and the like occur. Whether the tunnel mouth section is stable or not is directly related to the difficulty and the operation safety of tunnel construction. How to take effective measures under the complex geological conditions to avoid the instability of the hole is a problem which needs to be focused in design and construction.
In mountain tunnel construction, a pipe shed cover arch is usually arranged at a broken and soft tunnel opening section, and a long pipe shed is erected to reinforce the tunnel opening section.
However, for a section with very poor geological conditions and serious shallow buried bias, even if a long pipe shed is constructed, when underground excavation construction is carried out, the load of an uphill slope at the tunnel entrance can be too large, so that the sleeve arch of the pipe shed slides along the axial direction of the tunnel; the tunnel portal cross slope has large gradient, overlarge side slope load and serious bias voltage, so that the pipe shed cover arch slides along the side slope direction. The bearing capacity of the pipe shed cover arch foundation is poor, so that the pipe shed cover arch is integrally sunk and the like. And further causes accidents such as collapse of the tunnel roof and cracking of the main structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pile-arch integrated protection structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel portal and a construction method, and solves the problems of accidents such as collapse of tunnel roof and cracking of a main structure caused by the fact that a pipe shed sleeve arch is easy to slide along the axial direction of a tunnel, the pipe shed sleeve arch is easy to slide along the side slope direction, the pipe shed sleeve arch sinks integrally and the like in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the pile-arch integrated protective structure for the shallow-buried bias tunnel portal comprises anti-slide piles arranged on two sides of a tunnel portal forming face, steel bar sleeves and angle steel pre-embedded in the anti-slide piles, and pipe shed sleeve arches arranged between the anti-slide piles; two ends of the pipe shed sleeve arch are welded with angle steel; the arch part of the pipe shed cover arch is connected with the slide-resistant pile through the connecting steel bar inserted in the steel bar sleeve.
Further preferred technical scheme: the pipe shed cover arch comprises a section steel arch frame arranged on a tunnel entrance forming surface, an orifice pipe arranged on the top surface of the section steel arch frame at intervals, and concrete poured in a space between the top surface of the section steel arch frame and anti-slide piles on two sides of the tunnel entrance forming surface.
Further preferred technical solution: the slide-resistant piles and the pipe shed cover arches are cast into a whole through concrete.
Further preferred technical solution: one end of the connecting steel bar is welded on the orifice pipe, and the other end is inserted in the steel bar sleeve.
Further preferred technical solution: the outer surface of the vertical limb of the angle steel is flush with the inner surface of the slide-resistant pile, and the horizontal limb is embedded in the slide-resistant pile.
Further preferred technical scheme: two ends of the profile steel arch are welded on the vertical limbs of the angle steel.
Further preferred technical solution: the anti-slide pile is made of reinforced concrete material.
Further preferred technical solution: the profile steel arch is an I-shaped steel frame.
Further preferred technical scheme: the steel bar sleeve is embedded in the inner side of the slide-resistant pile at horizontal intervals, and the inner end face of the steel bar sleeve is flush with the inner side face of the slide-resistant pile.
The construction method of the pile-arch integrated protection structure for the shallow-buried bias tunnel portal comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging two anti-slide piles on two sides of a tunnel forming face of a tunnel portal, and determining the size of the anti-slide pile according to the side and up slope load.
And step two, embedding a steel bar sleeve and angle steel in the slide-resistant pile during the construction of the slide-resistant pile.
And thirdly, excavating rock-soil mass at the arch position of the tunnel portal pipe shed cover by adopting a reserved core soil method.
Step four, constructing a profile steel arch frame in the pipe shed cover arch, welding two ends of the profile steel arch frame with angle steel pre-embedded in the slide-resistant piles, and connecting the two ends of the profile steel arch frame with the angle steel into a whole; because the slide-resistant pile extends into the rock-soil mass at the bottom of the tunnel deeply, a stable foundation can be provided for the pipe shed cover arch.
And step five, connecting the pipe shed cover arch with the anti-slide pile through the connecting steel bars inserted into the embedded steel bar sleeve to form an integral structure.
And sixthly, pouring concrete into the pipe shed cover arch to form an anti-slide pile-pipe shed cover arch integral structure to resist the load of the side slope and the inverted slope of the tunnel opening.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the steel bar sleeve and the angle steel are embedded in the slide-resistant pile, so that the steel bar sleeve and the orifice pipe are connected together through the connecting steel bar, two ends of the steel arch are welded on the angle steel, and the slide-resistant pile and the pipe shed sleeve arch are connected into an integral structure; adopt stake arch integral structure, can reduce tunnel portal side up slope excavation, effectively prevent tunnel portal side up slope slip, unstability, effectively prevent to sink and cave entrance collapses because of pipe shed cover arch subsides the tunnel in-tunnel structure that leads to, provide a stake arch integral protection structure and the construction method that are used for shallowly burying bias voltage tunnel portal for tunnel entering tunnel construction under the shallowly bury bias voltage soft country rock condition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front elevation view of a pile-arch integrated protective structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel portal of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the pile-arch integrated protection structure for shallow-buried bias tunnel portal of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the portion A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-slide-resistant pile, 2-steel bar sleeve, 3-angle steel, 4-pipe shed sleeve arch, 5-connecting steel bar, 4.1-steel arch frame, 4.2-orifice pipe and 4.3-concrete.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention is mainly used in tunnel portal construction under the conditions of shallow buried bias voltage, soft surrounding rock and provides a safe and effective protective structure and a construction method for tunnel entry construction.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a pile-arch integrated protection structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel opening and a construction method are provided.
The pile-arch integrated protective structure for the shallow-buried bias tunnel portal comprises anti-slide piles 1 arranged on two sides of a tunnel portal forming face, a steel bar sleeve 2 and angle steel 3 embedded in the anti-slide piles 1, and a pipe shed sleeve arch 4 arranged between the anti-slide piles 1; two ends of the pipe shed cover arch 4 are welded with the angle steel 3; the arch part of the pipe shed cover arch 4 is connected with the slide-resistant pile 1 through a connecting steel bar 5 inserted in the steel bar sleeve 2.
The slide-resistant pile 1 is made of reinforced concrete material.
The pipe shed cover arch 4 is made of profile steel and concrete materials; the pipe shed cover arch 4 comprises a section steel arch frame 4.1 arranged on the tunnel entrance forming surface, orifice pipes 4.2 arranged on the top surface of the section steel arch frame 4.1 at intervals, and concrete 4.3 poured in the space between the top surface of the section steel arch frame 4.1 and the anti-slide piles 1 on the two sides of the tunnel entrance forming surface; wherein, the section steel arch frame 4.1 is an I-shaped steel frame.
One end of the connecting steel bar 5 is welded on the orifice pipe 4.2, and the other end is inserted in the steel bar sleeve 2.
And the steel bar sleeve 2 pre-embedded in the slide-resistant pile 1 is used for connecting the slide-resistant pile 1 and the pipe shed cover arch 2.
The outer surface of the vertical limbs of the angle steel 3 is flush with the inner surface of the slide-resistant pile 1, and the horizontal limbs are embedded in the slide-resistant pile 1.
The angle steel 3 is arranged in the slide-resistant pile 1 and used for connecting the slide-resistant pile 1 with a section steel arch in the pipe-shed cover arch 2, so that the slide-resistant pile 1 and the pipe-shed cover arch 2 form an integral structure.
Two ends of the section steel arch 4.1 are welded on the vertical limbs of the angle steel 3.
The invention mainly overcomes major geological disasters such as collapse, slippage and the like of a shallow-buried bias tunnel portal and provides the pile-arch integrated protection structure and the construction method for the shallow-buried bias tunnel portal, which have the advantages of small construction difficulty, quick construction progress and stable structure.
According to the invention, the steel bar sleeves and the angle steels are embedded in the slide-resistant piles, so that the steel bar sleeves and the orifice pipes are connected together through the connecting steel bars, two ends of the steel arch are welded on the angle steels, and the slide-resistant piles and the pipe shed sleeve arches are connected into an integral structure; adopt stake arch integral structure, can reduce tunnel portal side adverse slope excavation, effectively prevent tunnel portal side adverse slope slip, unstability, effectively prevent to sink because of pipe canopy cover encircles the tunnel cave inner structure that subsides and lead to and the portal collapses, advance the tunnel construction of cave under the soft country rock condition of bias voltage for the shallow tunnel of burying and provide a safe effectual stake arch integration protective structure and construction method that is used for shallow bias voltage tunnel portal.
The invention relates to a construction method of a pile-arch integrated protection structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel portal, which comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging two anti-slide piles on two sides of a tunnel forming face of a tunnel portal, and determining the size of the anti-slide pile according to the side and up slope load.
And step two, embedding the steel sleeve and the angle steel in the anti-slide pile during construction of the anti-slide pile.
And step three, excavating the rock-soil mass at the position of the pipe shed cover arch of the tunnel portal by adopting a reserved core soil method.
Step four, constructing a profile steel arch frame in the pipe shed cover arch, welding two ends of the profile steel arch frame with angle steel pre-embedded in the slide-resistant piles, and connecting the two ends of the profile steel arch frame with the angle steel into a whole; because the slide-resistant pile extends into the bottom rock-soil body of the tunnel deeply, a stable foundation can be provided for the pipe shed cover arch.
And step five, connecting the pipe shed cover arch with the anti-slide pile through the connecting steel bars inserted into the embedded steel bar sleeve to form an integral structure.
And sixthly, pouring concrete into the pipe shed cover arch to form an anti-slide pile-pipe shed cover arch integral structure which can resist the load of the side slope and the inverted slope of the tunnel opening.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions and improvements to part of the technical features of the foregoing embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A stake arch integration protective structure for shallowly bury bias voltage tunnel entrance to a cave, its characterized in that: the tunnel comprises anti-slide piles (1) arranged on two sides of a tunnel portal forming surface, steel bar sleeves (2) and angle steel (3) pre-embedded in the anti-slide piles (1), and pipe shed sleeve arches (4) arranged between the anti-slide piles (1); two ends of the pipe shed sleeve arch (4) are welded with the angle steel (3); the arch part of the pipe shed cover arch (4) is connected with the slide-resistant pile (1) through a connecting steel bar (5) inserted in the steel bar sleeve (2);
the pipe shed cover arch (4) comprises a section steel arch frame (4.1) arranged on the tunnel entrance forming surface, orifice pipes (4.2) arranged on the top surface of the section steel arch frame (4.1) at intervals, and concrete (4.3) poured in a space between the top surface of the section steel arch frame (4.1) and the anti-slide piles (1) on the two sides of the tunnel entrance forming surface;
the steel bar sleeves (2) are embedded on the inner sides of the anti-slide piles (1) at horizontal intervals, and the inner end faces of the steel bar sleeves (2) are flush with the inner side faces of the anti-slide piles (1).
2. The pile-arch integrated shelter structure for shallow-buried biased tunnel portal of claim 1, wherein: the slide-resistant pile (1) and the pipe shed cover arch (4) are poured into a whole through concrete (4.3).
3. The pile-arch integrated shelter structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel opening of claim 1, wherein: one end of the connecting steel bar (5) is welded on the orifice pipe (4.2), and the other end is inserted in the steel bar sleeve (2).
4. The pile-arch integrated shelter structure for shallow-buried biased tunnel portal of claim 1, wherein: the outer surfaces of the vertical limbs of the angle steel (3) are flush with the inner surface of the slide-resistant pile (1), and the horizontal limbs are embedded in the slide-resistant pile (1).
5. The pile-arch integrated shelter structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel portal of claim 4, wherein: two ends of the profile steel arch (4.1) are welded on the vertical limbs of the angle steel (3).
6. The pile-arch integrated shelter structure for a shallow-buried bias tunnel opening of claim 1, wherein: the slide-resistant pile (1) is made of reinforced concrete materials.
7. The pile-arch integrated shelter structure for shallow-buried biased tunnel portal of claim 1, wherein: the section steel arch (4.1) is an I-shaped steel frame.
8. The construction method of the pile-arch integrated protection structure for the shallow buried bias tunnel portal according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
arranging two anti-slide piles on two sides of a tunnel forming face at a tunnel portal, and determining the size of the anti-slide pile according to the side and up slope load;
step two, embedding a steel bar sleeve and angle steel in the anti-slide pile during construction of the anti-slide pile;
excavating rock-soil mass at the arch position of the tunnel portal pipe shed cover by adopting a reserved core soil method;
step four, constructing a profile steel arch frame in the pipe shed cover arch, welding two ends of the profile steel arch frame with angle steel pre-embedded in the slide-resistant piles, and connecting the two ends of the profile steel arch frame with the angle steel into a whole; the anti-slide piles extend deeply into rock-soil mass at the bottom of the tunnel, so that a stable foundation can be provided for the pipe shed cover arch;
step five, connecting the pipe shed cover arch with the anti-slide pile through the connecting steel bars inserted into the embedded steel bar sleeves to form an integral structure;
and step six, pouring concrete into the pipe shed cover arch to form an anti-slide pile-pipe shed cover arch integral structure to resist the load of the side slope and the inverted slope of the tunnel portal.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110689763.1A CN113417659B (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Pile-arch integrated protection structure for shallow-buried bias tunnel portal and construction method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110689763.1A CN113417659B (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Pile-arch integrated protection structure for shallow-buried bias tunnel portal and construction method |
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| CN113417659B true CN113417659B (en) | 2022-12-02 |
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| CN114320405B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2024-05-14 | 重庆交通大学 | Tunnel ultra-shallow buried broken surrounding rock artificial arching supporting system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005126917A (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-05-19 | Techno Pro Kk | Bamboo split type entrance of steel construction |
| CN102071949B (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2013-01-16 | 湖南省交通规划勘察设计院 | Pile type composite tube roofing cover arch structure for tunnel portal and construction method thereof |
| CN203308470U (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-11-27 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | Cover arch structure suitable for large-section unsymmetrical loading tunnel portal section |
| CN204609899U (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-09-02 | 贵州省公路工程集团有限公司 | A kind of supporting and protection structure for soft soil layer tunnel |
| CN209277895U (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-08-20 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | A kind of tunnel portal anchor pile and pipe canopy are oriented to wall connection structure |
| CN215108930U (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-12-10 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Pile-arch integrated tunnel portal protection structure |
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