CN110685286A - Deep foundation pit supporting construction process for adjacent road under complex geological condition - Google Patents
Deep foundation pit supporting construction process for adjacent road under complex geological condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110685286A CN110685286A CN201911004456.4A CN201911004456A CN110685286A CN 110685286 A CN110685286 A CN 110685286A CN 201911004456 A CN201911004456 A CN 201911004456A CN 110685286 A CN110685286 A CN 110685286A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000001999 Transcription Factor Pit-1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/08—Restraining of underground water by employing open ditches arranged below the level of the water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a deep foundation pit supporting construction process of an adjacent road under a complex geological condition, which comprises the following steps: step 1, excavating a foundation pit beside a road to a rock layer, and performing slope releasing construction to form a first foundation pit; step 2, driving a first column pile along the edge of the bottom of the first foundation pit to form a first inclined column support; step 3, excavating a rock stratum at the bottom of the first foundation pit to form a second foundation pit, carrying out slope releasing construction, and then carrying out anchor rod support; and 4, drilling a second column pile along the edge of the bottom of the second foundation pit to form a second inclined column support. According to the invention, the deep foundation pit is supported by adopting the modes of the inclined column support, the anchor bolt support and the inclined column support, so that the problems of difficulty in supporting the deep foundation pit of the adjacent road under the complex geological condition, high construction cost, easiness in potential safety hazard and the like are solved, the deep foundation pit support construction of the adjacent road under the complex geological condition is realized, and successful practical experience is provided for the field of support construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit supporting construction, in particular to a deep foundation pit supporting construction process of an adjacent road under a complex geological condition.
Background
The foundation pit supporting is a temporary measure for supporting, reinforcing, protecting and controlling underground water, which is adopted for the side wall of the foundation pit and the surrounding environment in order to ensure the safety of the underground structure construction and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit, the foundation pit supporting engineering is a temporary engineering, the designed safety reserve is relatively small, but the construction cost is high, the number of the construction work is large, the technology is complex, the construction engineering is the most challenging technical difficulty in the building engineering, and meanwhile, the construction cost is reduced, and the key point of the engineering quality is ensured.
The foundation pit supporting forms mainly include row pile supporting, cement retaining walls, soil nailing walls, underground continuous wall supporting, reverse arch walls and the like, generally, the foundation pit supporting forms are different in application according to different depths of foundation pits, however, for deep foundation pit supporting under complex geological conditions, the geological conditions are basically soft and hard geological stratification and are always key points and difficulties of a construction party, and how to apply the foundation pit supporting forms, the foundation pit supporting forms need to be determined according to the specific complex geological conditions of the deep foundation pits. Taking the CLZF-2 standard engineering from the Cheng lan railway Cheng Du to the Chuan main temple as an example, when building the projects of Huangshengguan and Chuan main temple station houses, the site temporary site is narrow, the line distance between the excavation lines of the foundation pit and the site temporary road is about 50cm, the depth of the foundation pit exceeds 5m, the geological conditions are complex, the upper part of the stratum is a loose soil layer with high humidity, and the lower part is a hard and compact rock layer, if the conventional continuous vertical retaining plate support (the horizontal retaining plate is not suitable for the foundation pit with the depth of more than 5 m) is adopted, the vertical retaining plate can not effectively play a retaining role because the soil layer is only 2-3m and the reason of the adjacent road, the wall of the foundation pit is not suitable for being made into a vertical type, the soil body is easy to deform and collapse under the pressure, correspondingly, if the existing pile arranging structure is adopted, the shearing force borne by the concrete cast-in-situ pile, nor can an effective supporting function be formed. Therefore, the traditional single supporting form cannot form an effective supporting structure, and if a supporting form is used in combination, because no referential example exists, according to the characteristics of each supporting form, technical personnel can think that the problem is solved by adopting a continuous vertical retaining plate supporting and pile row supporting mode, however, the main defects of the mode are that a rock layer is not a vertical slope-laying structure, so that a large gap exists between a rock layer side slope and a pile row, a large amount of soil body needs to be backfilled for filling, the construction amount is large, the later-period cleaning is troublesome, meanwhile, because the depth is deeper, a cast-in-place pile with higher height needs to be manufactured, the construction cost is high, and when the side slope is broken and rolled stones occur, the shearing force of the pile row is too large to intercept, so that the potential safety hazard is easy to occur, therefore, the mode is not suitable for developing, and suitable for the complex geological conditions, especially under the condition that the side slope surface is close to the road, a construction process for deep foundation pit support.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a deep foundation pit supporting construction process of an adjacent road under a complex geological condition.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a deep foundation pit supporting construction process for an adjacent road under a complex geological condition is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, excavating a foundation pit beside a road until the bottom of the foundation pit reaches a rock layer, and meanwhile, carrying out slope releasing construction on the formed foundation pit to form a first foundation pit;
step 3, excavating a rock layer at the bottom of the first foundation pit to form a second foundation pit, wherein the distance between an excavation starting point and the first inclined column support is 0.5-2m, the excavation depth is up to the design depth, meanwhile, slope releasing construction is carried out on the formed foundation pit, and then anchor rod support is carried out on the rock slope of the second foundation pit according to the existing anchor rod support construction standard;
and 4, driving a second column pile along the edge of the bottom of the second foundation pit, supporting a stone blocking plate on the inner side of the second column pile, and supporting by using a second inclined strut to form a second inclined strut support.
In the method, firstly, for the construction of a deep foundation pit with a soft and hard geological structure, a mode of excavating the foundation pit in layers is adopted for supporting, and the problem of different geological conditions is solved by a mode of supporting in layers, so that the defect that the same supporting structure cannot be suitable for different geological conditions is avoided, furthermore, by designing and adopting a mode of inclined column supporting, anchor rod supporting and inclined column supporting, inclined column supporting is adopted at the uppermost layer of the geology, side supporting is provided for a roadbed, the problem that loose foundation soil around the roadbed collapses under the action of heavy pressure and rainwater is avoided, the influence of the foundation pit on the strength of the roadbed of the road is reduced, the influence of the dispersed foundation soil falling into a second foundation pit is also prevented, good construction conditions are provided for forming a supporting structure of the second foundation pit, anchor rod supporting is adopted in a rock layer (hard layer), and the problems that the rock layer collapses and large rocks fall off are mainly prevented, meanwhile, the inclined column support is matched with the inclined column support at the bottom of the second foundation pit, so that the problem of second foundation pit support is solved, the mode of row pile support with a high-column pile structure is avoided, the backfilling soil amount and the construction cost are greatly reduced, potential safety hazards are eliminated, meanwhile, the problem that effective matching cannot be formed among all support structures when various support structures are combined and used is integrally solved, the deep foundation pit support construction close to a road under complex geological conditions is realized, and successful practical experience is provided for the field of support construction.
Furthermore, the rubble of considering the rock stratum side slope to roll off can form the impact to the stake of second batter post support, especially second stake and foundation ditch pit bottom junction, and the stress concentration degree that its formed is great, and the fill soil tamp forms the buffering soil layer between fender slabstone and rock stratum side slope to solve the rubble and strike second stake and cause the problem of junction stress concentration.
Furthermore, in consideration of the problems of convenience in tamping soil backfilling at the early stage and clearing away at the later stage, the backfilling height of the buffer soil layer is 2/5-3/5 of the height of the second column pile, so that the basic effect of the buffer soil layer can be guaranteed while the backfilling tamping soil amount is reduced as much as possible.
In the invention, because the deep foundation pit supporting construction is adopted, the problem of rock seepage can occur in the rock stratum part, in order to facilitate the removal of the part of water, a drainage ditch is dug at the joint of the rock stratum side slope and the pit bottom of the second foundation pit, the drainage ditch forms a ring along the joint, a cover plate with a through hole or a through groove is laid at the top of the drainage ditch, and the buffer soil layer is positioned on the cover plate. The infiltration of rock stratum side slope permeates to the escape canal in through buffer soil layer, then leads to drainage department through the escape canal, has solved the adverse effect of rock infiltration to the foundation ditch.
Further, in order to better perform the slope releasing construction of the second foundation pit, the slope releasing gradient of the slope releasing construction of the second foundation pit is 1: 0.25.
Further, in step 4, the anchor rod construction is preferably: drilling a hole on the vertical wall of the rock to a designed depth, placing a pull rod in the hole, pouring cement mortar to combine the cement mortar and the rock into an anchor rod with strong tensile resistance, wherein one end of the anchor rod is fixed on the rock wall, and the other end of the anchor rod is anchored in a rock layer, so that the anchor rod support is formed.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the deep foundation pit is supported by adopting the modes of the inclined column support, the anchor bolt support and the inclined column support, so that the problems of difficulty in supporting the deep foundation pit of the adjacent road under the complex geological condition, high construction cost, easiness in potential safety hazard and the like are solved, the deep foundation pit support construction of the adjacent road under the complex geological condition is realized, and successful practical experience is provided for the field of support construction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deep foundation pit supporting structure of an adjacent road under a complex geological condition. The labels in the figure are: 1 is the road bed, 2 is first foundation ditch, 3 is the second foundation ditch, 4 is the rock layer, 5 is first batter post supports, 501 is first post stake, 502 is the fender breast board, 503 is first bracing, 504 is wooden vaulting pole, 6 is backfill layer, 7 is the bracing platform, 8 is anchor bolt support, 9 is second batter post support, 901 is the second post stake, 902 is the fender stone slab, 903 is the second bracing, 10 is the buffering soil layer, 11 is the escape canal, 12 is the foundation soil layer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Examples
Taking CLZF-2 standard engineering from Chengdu railway Chengdu to Chuan main temple section accepted by an applicant as an example, the engineering comprises 5 station buildings including a Mao county station, a Zhenjiangguan station, a Pan station, a Chuan main temple station and a Huangshengguan station, wherein when the engineering of the Huangshengguan and the Chuan main temple station buildings is built, a site temporary site is narrow, a foundation pit excavation line is about 50cm away from the site temporary road, the depth of the foundation pit exceeds 5m, the geological condition is complex, the upper part of the stratum is a loose soil layer with high humidity, the lower part of the stratum is a hard and compact rock layer, and the traditional supporting structure cannot be applied, in order to solve the problem, as shown in figure 1, the deep foundation pit supporting construction process adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
step 1, excavating a foundation pit beside a road subgrade 1 until the bottom of the foundation pit reaches a rock stratum 5, namely excavating 2-3m until a relatively soft foundation soil layer is excavated, and meanwhile, carrying out slope releasing construction on the formed foundation pit to form a first foundation pit 2, wherein the slope releasing construction is selected according to the slope gradient and the slope coefficient of the side slope according to the original design requirement, for example, the ratio of 1:0.5 can be adopted in the embodiment;
step 3, excavating a rock layer 5 at the bottom of the first foundation pit 2 to form a second foundation pit 3, wherein the distance between an excavation starting point and a first inclined strut is 0.5-2m (in the embodiment, the distance between the excavation starting point and the first inclined strut is 1.5m is most appropriate), an inclined strut platform 7 is formed, the excavation depth of the second foundation pit 3 reaches the design depth of 3m, when the second foundation pit 3 is excavated, slope releasing construction needs to be carried out on the second foundation pit 3, and the slope releasing gradient of the slope releasing construction is 1: 0.25;
step 4, according to the existing anchor bolt support construction standard, performing anchor bolt support 8 on the rock vertical wall of the second foundation pit, namely drilling a hole on the rock vertical wall to a designed depth, placing a pull rod in the hole, pouring cement mortar and combining the cement mortar and the rock into a steel bar anchor bolt with strong tensile resistance, wherein one end of the steel bar anchor bolt is fixed on the rock wall, and the other end of the steel bar anchor bolt is anchored in the rock layer, and protecting the stability of the rock slope through anchor bolt support (the steel bar anchor bolt support is a preferred example, and other anchor bolt support structures, such as a steel wire rope mortar anchor bolt support or a pipe seam type anchor bolt support;
and 5, driving a second column 901 along the edge of the bottom of the second foundation pit 3, supporting a stone baffle plate 902 on the inner side of the second column 901, and supporting by using a second diagonal brace 903 to form a second diagonal brace 9.
In the above construction process, the first batter post support 5 adopted in the first foundation pit 2 is an existing and common batter post support structure, and the construction requirements and construction operations thereof are performed according to existing standards, that is, the soil retaining plate 902 is fixed on the inner side of the first post pile 501, the outer side of the first post pile 501 is supported by the first batter brace 503, the bottom end of the first batter brace 503 is on the wooden support pile 504, and the inner side of the soil retaining plate 502 is backfilled with soil, which will not be described in detail herein. Correspondingly, the second batter post support adopted in the second foundation pit 3 is also an existing common batter post support structure, and it is only required to be executed according to the existing construction standard. In order to better enable the second inclined column support to play a role of supporting the blocking stones, the blocking boards 502 are replaced by concrete or steel blocking boards 902 with higher material strength, and backfill forming a backfill layer 6 on the inner sides of the blocking boards 902 is not needed.
Further, considering that the crushed stones falling from the side slope of the rock layer 4 may impact the second piles 901 of the second batter post supports 9, and particularly, the stress concentration formed at the joints of the second piles 901 and the bottom of the foundation pit is relatively large, as shown in fig. 1, a buffer soil layer 10 is formed by filling and tamping soil between the stone blocking plate 902 and the side slope of the rock layer 4 to solve the problem of stress concentration at the joints caused by the crushed stones impacting the piles.
Further, in consideration of the problems of convenience in rammed soil backfilling at the early stage and clearing away at the later stage, the backfilling height of the buffer soil layer 10 is between 2/5 and 3/5 of the height of the second column pile 901, which can be 2/5, 5/10 or 3/5, and the specific value is selected according to the actual situation, so that the arrangement mode can reduce the backfilling ramming soil amount as much as possible and ensure the basic function of the buffer soil layer 10.
In the invention, because the deep foundation pit supporting construction is adopted, the problem of rock water seepage can occur at the rock layer 4 part, in order to remove the part of water, a drainage ditch 11 is dug at the joint of the rock layer 4 side slope and the pit bottom of the second foundation pit 3, the drainage ditch 11 forms a ring along the joint, a cover plate (not shown in the figure) with a through hole or a through groove is paved at the top of the drainage ditch 11, and the buffer soil layer 10 is positioned on the cover plate. The infiltration of 4 slopes on rock layer permeates to escape canal 11 in through buffer soil layer 10, then leads to drainage department through escape canal 11, has solved the adverse effect of rock infiltration to the foundation ditch.
In the construction process, the construction process is suitable for deep foundation pit supporting construction with two types of soft and hard stratum structures when a deep foundation pit is excavated, namely, when the rock layer in the embodiment is changed into a hard soil layer, the construction process is also suitable, the deep foundation pit is supported by adopting a mode of inclined column support, anchor rod support and inclined column support, the problems that the deep foundation pit of a near road under a complex geological condition is difficult to support, the construction cost is high, potential safety hazards are easy to occur and the like are solved, the deep foundation pit supporting construction of the near road under the complex geological condition is realized, and successful practical experience is provided for the supporting construction field.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A deep foundation pit supporting construction process for an adjacent road under a complex geological condition is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, excavating a foundation pit beside a road until the bottom of the foundation pit reaches a rock layer, and meanwhile, carrying out slope releasing construction on the formed foundation pit to form a first foundation pit;
step 2, driving a first column pile along the edge of the bottom of the first foundation pit, supporting a soil retaining plate on the inner side of the first column pile and supporting the soil retaining plate with a first inclined strut, and filling soil on the inner side of the soil retaining plate and tamping the soil retaining plate to form a first inclined strut;
step 3, excavating a rock layer at the bottom of the first foundation pit to form a second foundation pit, wherein the distance between an excavation starting point and the first inclined column support is 0.5-2m, the excavation depth is up to the design depth, meanwhile, slope releasing construction is carried out on the formed foundation pit, and then anchor rod support is carried out on the rock slope of the second foundation pit according to the existing anchor rod support construction standard;
and 4, driving a second column pile along the edge of the bottom of the second foundation pit, supporting a stone blocking plate on the inner side of the second column pile, and supporting by using a second inclined strut to form a second inclined strut support.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein a buffer soil layer is formed between the stone blocking plate and the rock slope by filling and tamping.
3. A deep foundation pit supporting construction process for an adjacent road under complex geological conditions as claimed in claim 2, wherein the backfill height of the buffer soil layer is 2/5-3/5 of the height of the second column pile.
4. A deep foundation pit supporting construction process near roads under complex geological conditions as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein a drainage ditch is dug at the junction of the rock layer side slope and the bottom of the second foundation pit, a cover plate with through holes or through grooves is laid on the top of the drainage ditch, and the buffer soil layer is positioned on the cover plate.
5. A deep foundation pit supporting construction process for an adjacent road under complex geological conditions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slope of the slope releasing construction of the second foundation pit is 1: 0.25.
6. A deep foundation pit supporting construction process for an adjacent road under complicated geological conditions as claimed in claim 1, wherein a hole is drilled to a designed depth in the vertical wall of the rock, a tie rod is placed in the hole, cement mortar is poured into the hole to combine with the rock into an anchor rod with strong tensile strength, one end of the anchor rod is fixed on the rock wall, and the other end of the anchor rod is anchored in the rock layer, thereby forming the anchor rod support.
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| CN201911004456.4A CN110685286A (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Deep foundation pit supporting construction process for adjacent road under complex geological condition |
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| CN201911004456.4A CN110685286A (en) | 2019-10-22 | 2019-10-22 | Deep foundation pit supporting construction process for adjacent road under complex geological condition |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN111101524A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-05 | 龚大娇 | Temporary supporting structure for foundation pit construction and temporary supporting construction method |
| CN111305237A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-19 | 中煤科工集团重庆设计研究院有限公司 | Slope supporting structure and construction method |
| CN112211199A (en) * | 2020-04-06 | 2021-01-12 | 广东华星建设集团有限公司 | Large deep foundation pit supporting construction structure and method thereof |
| CN112663622A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 深圳市宏源建设工程有限公司 | Anti-seepage construction method for anchor cable in deep foundation pit supporting engineering |
| CN112813984A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Deep foundation pit construction method under complex geological condition |
| CN113668556A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-19 | 深圳市盛业建筑科技(集团)有限公司 | Double-row pile supporting method for adding connecting beams in soil layer |
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| CN112813984A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Deep foundation pit construction method under complex geological condition |
| CN112813984B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-29 | 攀钢集团工程技术有限公司 | Deep foundation pit construction method under complex geological condition |
| CN113668556A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-19 | 深圳市盛业建筑科技(集团)有限公司 | Double-row pile supporting method for adding connecting beams in soil layer |
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