CN113417248A - System and method for building reserve water source library by utilizing flood storage polder - Google Patents
System and method for building reserve water source library by utilizing flood storage polder Download PDFInfo
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- CN113417248A CN113417248A CN202110762639.3A CN202110762639A CN113417248A CN 113417248 A CN113417248 A CN 113417248A CN 202110762639 A CN202110762639 A CN 202110762639A CN 113417248 A CN113417248 A CN 113417248A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for building a reserve water source warehouse by utilizing a flood storage polder, wherein the system comprises a safe flood storage module, a water quality purification module and a water quantity allocation module, and is respectively responsible for controlling flood leading, storage, discharge and embankment safety, purifying and improving the water quality of the stored and stagnant flood in a grading way, and coordinating the capacity of the flood control warehouse with the capacity of the reserve water source warehouse. Each gate of the invention is communicated with the inside and outside of the polder and each canal and storehouse in the polder, and through independent on-off operation, the time and water amount of leading, storing and draining can be accurately controlled, thereby ensuring that the sufficient storehouse capacity is available for storing and regulating flood during flood, and replenishing reserve water source at the end of flood, and leading the polder to be safely, reasonably and orderly applied; in addition, by the combined application of a series of physical, chemical and biological grading water quality purification measures, the retention flood with large sand content and a large amount of pollutants is purified to the level capable of being used for production and life, and a stable reserve water source is provided for the social and economic activities in the polder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of flood control and disaster reduction and water resource utilization, in particular to a system and a method for constructing a reserve water source warehouse by utilizing a flood storage polder.
Background
The polder is an important flood control project in the Yangtze river basin and is widely distributed in midstream dongting lakes, Poyang lake areas and downstream plain water networks. The polder is separated from the external river and lake water body through a dam, the internal terrain is low and flat, the population is gathered, and agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery and processing industry are developed. The polder can develop normal production and life at ordinary times, and dikes can enter water in flood season, divide flow of rivers and lakes, and reduce flood control pressure of Yangtze river.
In the flood season, when the water level of the outer river and the lake of the polder is ultrahigh and the flow rate is large, the polder is flushed by flood when an embankment is dredged or is overhauled for a long time, or is forced to adopt an explosion means to carry out flood diversion under the flood pressure, and as a result, the polder floods the inner basic facilities, submerges the inner basic facilities, not only causes a large amount of economic loss, but also can induce pollutants of farmlands and fish ponds to be released into overlying water bodies, and causes water environment problems such as eutrophication and the like.
Meanwhile, after the flood season, the polder is always in shortage of water for life production in the polder. This is mainly due to the annual maldistribution of downstream water resources in the Yangtze river. Taking the Poyang lake tributary rich river as an example, the runoff rate of the Poyang lake tributary accounts for about 73.4% of the annual runoff total amount, and the runoff rate of the Poyang lake tributary in the dry season of 7 months is less than 30% of the annual runoff total amount, on the other hand, the Poyang lake area is a shallow dish-shaped lake basin, a small water level drops to cause large-area beach exposure, the water level drops rapidly after the flood season, the polder is difficult to fetch water from an external water body, and the production activities with large water demand such as paddy field planting in the polder, fishery culture and the like and the lives of residents are limited to a certain extent.
Therefore, the polder is operated in the current application mode, flood water in flood seasons can damage and lose the polder, the abundant water resources cannot be stored and utilized, the problem of insufficient water resources exists in non-flood seasons, and the contradiction between flood control and water resource utilization is prominent. Therefore, the polder needs a conversion method urgently, flood season active flood storage is realized, a reserve water source bank is built by using the stagnant flood storage, the flood control pressure is reduced on one hand, and the problem of shortage of water for producing and living of the polder is solved on the other hand.
Three main problems need to be solved by constructing a reserve water source reservoir by utilizing the flood storage polder. Firstly, water storage is safe, on one hand, the flood guiding, storing and discharging amount needs to be ordered and controllable as required, safe water storage and ordered water discharging are realized, and the movement of the flood in the polder is effectively restrained; on the other hand, after the polder holds flood, the original dam is changed from a mode that the water of the outer river and the lake is blocked by a single side into a double-sided water retaining mode that the water of the outer river and the lake is blocked by one side, and the dike needs to be reinforced by measures. And secondly, water quality purification is carried out, the water coming from the upstream of the polder in the flood season is turbid, the sand content is large, the non-point source pollutants are more, and a water body needs to be purified in a grading manner by means of a series of physical, chemical and biological technologies, so that the water quality of a reserved water source reaches the production and living use standard. Finally, the flood storage function and the water demand of the polder are coordinated, the polder water storage space is reasonably utilized, the storage capacity is timely vacated before a flood, flood is regulated and stored during the flood, and the reserve water source is supplemented by the flood storage at the end of the flood, so that the flood storage space is prevented from being occupied by the reserve water source, and the reserve water source is prevented from being insufficient due to the fact that the flood storage space is idle. The prior art has not given a solution to the above three problems.
In conclusion, aiming at the contradiction between flood control and water consumption of the polder at present, the method for building the reserve water source library by using the stagnant flood is provided, flood control and water resource supply are comprehensively conducted, the flood control and disaster reduction and the economic and social development of the polder are effectively coordinated, good economic and social benefits can be generated, and the application value is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for constructing a reserve water source library by utilizing a flood-holding polder to enable the polder to actively feed and store flood, and provide a reserve water source which can be used for the polder to produce and live through a graded water quality purification technology, thereby comprehensively planning flood control and water resource supply, and promoting the flood control and disaster reduction of the polder and the coordinated development of the economy and the society.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A system for constructing a reserve water source reservoir by utilizing a flood-holding polder comprises a safe flood-holding module, a water quality purification module and a water quantity allocation module, wherein the safe flood-holding module, the water quality purification module and the water quantity allocation module are respectively responsible for controlling the flood guiding, storing, discharging and embankment safety, purifying and improving the water quality of the stored and stagnant flood in a grading manner, and coordinating a flood-control reservoir capacity and a reserve water source reservoir capacity;
the safety flood storage module comprises a porous flood inlet gate, a front-end reservoir, a double-sided water retaining dam, a trunk and a porous flood discharge gate, wherein the porous flood inlet gate is built for excavating an upstream levee of a river channel, the porous flood discharge gate is built for excavating a downstream levee of the river channel, the front-end reservoir is built after the porous flood inlet gate and is used for storing flood water introduced into the polder by the porous flood inlet gate, the double-sided water retaining dam is an original polder of the front-end reservoir, and the porous flood inlet gate and the porous flood discharge gate are communicated by the trunk;
the water quality purification module comprises a grid positioned below the porous flood inlet gate, a gabion placed along a bank line of the front reservoir and a water source reservoir built on two sides of the main channel, chemical adsorption materials are put in the front reservoir, straight water and floating plants are planted along the bank line of the water source reservoir, a gravel layer is laid at the bottom of the water source reservoir, a sludge layer is covered on the gravel layer, submerged plants are planted on the sludge layer, and large pollution-resistant benthonic animals are put in the water source reservoir;
the water quantity allocation module comprises a branch canal for communicating a main canal with a water source reservoir, and water taking canals built on two sides of the water source reservoir, wherein the canal head of each water taking canal is located in the water source reservoir, and the canal tail is located in various water using areas in the polder.
Further, the safety flood storage module further comprises a porous dry channel gate located at the head of the dry channel, the porous dry channel gate is used for controlling the communication between the dry channel and the preposed reservoir, and each hole is independently opened and closed to adjust the water quantity entering the dry channel from the preposed reservoir.
Furthermore, the double-sided water retaining dam adopts a concrete hexagonal grid for slope protection, and deep-rooted herbaceous vegetation is planted in the grid.
Furthermore, the main canal adopts ecological concrete for bank fixation, and is covered with deep-rooted herbaceous and shrub vegetation.
Furthermore, one side of the preposed reservoir leans against the polder to form an original dam, the original dam is changed into a double-sided water retaining dam, and the other side of the preposed reservoir adopts an ecological concrete dam.
Furthermore, the grating is responsible for the first-level physical purification, the preposed warehouse is responsible for the second-level physical chemical purification, and the water source warehouse is responsible for the third-level biological purification.
Furthermore, the grating is used for intercepting large-volume floaters entering a water body of the preposed reservoir from the polder outer river lake, and a gabion placed along a shoreline of the preposed reservoir is used for reducing flood kinetic energy entering the preposed reservoir and settling suspended matters; chemical adsorption materials put in the preposed reservoir are used for reducing the content of heavy metals and organic pollutants, and pollution-resistant large-scale benthonic animals put in the water source reservoir are used for reducing the content of nutrient salts.
Furthermore, the water quantity allocation module further comprises a porous branch canal gate built at the tail of the branch canal and a water taking gate built at the head of the water taking canal, the porous branch canal gate is used for controlling the communication between the branch canal and the water source reservoir, each hole is independently opened and closed, the water quantity entering the water source reservoir from the main canal through the branch canal is adjusted, and the water taking gate is used for controlling the communication between the water taking canal and the water source reservoir.
Furthermore, the branch channel and the water taking channel adopt rammed earthwork to fix slopes, and deep-rooted herbaceous and shrub vegetation is planted on the slopes.
A method for constructing a reserve water source reservoir by using a flood-saving polder, which is carried out by adopting the system, comprises the following steps:
before flood, closing the porous flood inlet gate and the porous branch canal gate, opening the porous dry canal gate and the porous flood discharge gate, discharging stagnant water in the pre-reservoir through the porous dry canal gate, the dry canal and the porous flood discharge gate to an agricultural owner, and vacating the reservoir capacity of the pre-reservoir;
during flood, the porous flood inlet gate is opened, the porous dry canal gate is closed, flood enters the pre-reservoir from the porous flood inlet gate, the pre-reservoir stores flood, and the double-sided water retaining dam ensures the safety of the pre-reservoir dyke;
at the end of flood, opening a porous flood inlet gate, a porous dry channel gate and a porous branch channel gate, closing a porous flood discharge gate and a water intake gate, enabling flood to enter from the porous flood inlet gate, performing primary purification through a grating, entering a pre-reservoir, performing secondary purification through a gabion and a chemical adsorption material in the pre-reservoir, then entering a water source reservoir through the porous dry channel gate, a main channel, a branch channel and the porous branch channel gate, and performing tertiary purification through aquatic animals and plants in the water source reservoir;
and in the dry season, the water taking gate is opened, the reserve water source enters the water taking canal from the water source reservoir through the water taking gate, and the polder is supplied with water.
Due to the adoption of the system and the method, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, each gate is communicated with the inside and the outside of the polder and each canal and reservoir in the polder, and the time and the water volume for guiding, storing and draining can be accurately controlled through independent on-off operation, so that not only is sufficient reservoir capacity for regulating and storing flood during flood but also a reserve water source can be supplemented at the end of flood, and the polder water storage space is safely, reasonably and orderly applied; and secondly, by the combined application of a series of physical, chemical and biological grading water quality purification measures, the retention flood with large sand content and a large amount of pollutants is purified to a level which can be used for production and life, and a stable reserve water source is provided for the social and economic activities in the polder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of one embodiment of the system for constructing a reserve water source reservoir by using a flood-holder according to the present invention, wherein arrows indicate water flow directions;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-library of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water reservoir according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application method of the system for constructing the reserve water source reservoir by using the flood-storage polder according to the present invention before a flood, wherein a black bottom frame indicates that the gate is closed, a white bottom frame indicates that the gate is opened, a dotted line outer frame indicates that the system is not applied in the period, and a solid line outer frame indicates that the system is applied in the period;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an application method of the system for constructing the reserve water source reservoir by using the flood-storage polder according to the present invention during a flood, wherein a black bottom frame indicates that the gate is closed, a white bottom frame indicates that the gate is opened, a dotted line outer frame indicates that the system is not applied during the period, and a solid line outer frame indicates that the system is applied during the period;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an application method of the system for constructing the reserve water source reservoir by using the flood-storage polder according to the present invention at the end of a flood, where a black bottom frame indicates that the gate is closed, a white bottom frame indicates that the gate is opened, a dotted line outer frame indicates that the gate is not applied at this time, and a solid line outer frame indicates that the gate is applied at this time;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an application method of the system for constructing the reserve water source reservoir by using the flood-saving polder according to the present invention in the dry season, where a black bottom frame indicates that the gate is closed, a white bottom frame indicates that the gate is opened, a dotted line frame indicates that the gate is not applied in the dry season, and a solid line frame indicates that the gate is applied in the dry season.
In the figure: 1-porous flood inlet gate, 2-preposition warehouse, 3-double-sided water retaining dam, 4-trunk canal, 5-porous flood outlet gate, 6-porous dry canal gate, 7-grid, 8-water source warehouse, 9-branch canal, 10-porous branch canal gate, 11-water taking canal, 12-water taking gate, 21-gabion, 81-deep herbaceous vegetation, 82-emergent and floating plants, 83-gravel layer, 84-silt layer and 83-submerged plant.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the following, referring to fig. 1-3 of the present invention, a system and a method for constructing a reserve water source reservoir by using stagnant water are constructed by taking the cornucopia of the fluvian delta between the cornucopia branch changjiang and the tail lvs of the le-an county in the west province as an example, and the technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described.
The cornucopia polder is located in the alluvial delta between the afflux river branch Changjiang and the taill of the Lean river in Poyang county in Jiangxi, originally built in 1954, the existing dike has a top height of 24.0-24.5m and a top width of 8.0m, and can resist 20-year flood. The riverway polder is forced to settle and flood during flood in 7 months in 2020.
The embodiment of the invention provides a system for constructing a reserve water source reservoir by utilizing a flood polder, which comprises a safe flood storage module, a water quality purification module and a water quantity allocation module, wherein the safe flood storage module, the water quality purification module and the water quantity allocation module are respectively responsible for controlling flood diversion, storage, discharge and embankment safety, purifying and improving the water quality of the stored and stagnant flood in a grading way, and coordinating a flood control reservoir capacity and a reserve water source reservoir capacity. The following description of each module is provided (as shown in fig. 1):
(1) the safety flood storage module is responsible for flood guiding and embankment safety, and comprises a porous flood inlet gate 1 (ten holes in the embodiment), a preposed reservoir 2, a double-sided water retaining dam 3, a trunk channel 4, a porous flood discharge gate 5 (ten holes in the embodiment) and a porous dry channel gate 6 (five holes in the embodiment), wherein the porous flood inlet gate 1, the preposed reservoir 2, the trunk channel 4, the porous flood discharge gate 5 and the porous dry channel gate 6 are responsible for controlling the introduction, the stagnation storage and the discharge of flood, and the double-sided water retaining dam 3 is responsible for embankment safety.
Excavating levee banks around river at the upstream of Changjiang river, and constructing a porous flood gate 1 for introducing water bodies of the levee, wherein the gate length is 60m, and the single-hole flood passing capacity is 60m3And/s, each hole is independently opened and closed, and the water inflow amount is adjusted to ensure that the flood passing capacity of the porous flood gate 1 is 0-600m3/s；
Excavating a riverside levee at the lower part of Changjiang river, and constructing a porous flood discharge gate 5 for draining water in the riverside levee, wherein the gate length is 60m, and the single-hole flood discharge capacity is 60m3S, each hole is independently opened and closed, the water discharge amount is adjusted, and the flood passing capacity of the porous flood discharge gate 5 is 0-600m3/s。
After the porous flood gate 5, a front reservoir 2 is built, the reservoir depth is 10m, and the volume is 2 multiplied by 108m3The method is used for storing and preliminarily processing the flood which is introduced into the polder; one side of the preposed reservoir 2 leans against the original embankment, the original embankment is double-sided to retain water, and the other side of the preposed reservoir adopts an ecological concrete dam.
The double-sided water retaining dam 3 adopts a concrete hexagonal grid slope protection, and is covered with deep-rooted herbaceous vegetation comprising vetiver grass, curcuma aromatica and burdock with the quantity ratio of 1:1:1 and the planting density of 5-8 plants/m3The reinforcing structure is used for reinforcing the dike and preventing the dike from breaking.
Excavating a main canal 4 in the preposed warehouse 2, wherein the width of the canal is 30m, the depth of the canal is 3m, the main canal 4 is communicated with a porous flood discharge gate 5, the main canal 4 is communicated with the porous flood discharge gate 1 and the porous flood discharge gate 5, ecological concrete is adopted for bank fixation, deep-root type herbaceous plants and shrubs are covered on the main canal, the herbaceous plants comprise vetiver, curcuma aromatica and burdock, the number ratio of the herbaceous plants to the myrcia struthiopteris to 1:1, and the planting density is 5-8 plants/m3(ii) a The shrub comprises Ligustrum quihoui, Photinia serrulata and Buxus Davidiana at a ratio of 1:1:1 and a planting density of 2 plants/m3(ii) a Planting herbaceous and shrub alternatelyThe ground area ratio is 2: 1.
A porous dry channel gate 6 is built at the joint of the preposed reservoir 2 and the head of the main channel 4, the main channel 4 is controlled to be communicated with the preposed reservoir 2, the gate length is 30m, and the single-hole flood passing capacity is 60m3S, each hole is independently opened and closed, the water inflow amount is adjusted, and the flood passing capacity of the porous dry channel gate 6 is 0-300m3/s。
(2) The water quality purification module is responsible for purifying and improving the water quality of the impounded flood in a grading way and comprises a grating 7, a preposed warehouse 2 and a water source warehouse 8.
Under the porous flood gate hole 1, lay grid 7, grid 7 clearance 0.05m intercepts bigger volume floaters such as plastic bottle, disposal bag, billet piece, plays the first filtration effect.
A gabion 21 is placed along the 2 shore line of the preposed reservoir, the diameter of a mesh is 3.0mm, and meshes are 60 multiplied by 80mm, so that the kinetic energy of flood entering the preposed reservoir is reduced, suspended impurities in water are settled, the water body is clarified, and a secondary filtering effect is realized; and chemical adsorption materials including active carbon, zeolite and a micro-electrolysis biomembrane are put into the preposed warehouse 2 to reduce the contents of heavy metals and organic pollutants.
Two water source storehouses 8 are respectively built at two sides of the main canal 4 and used for storing water sources, the depth of each storehouse is 2m, and the volume of each storehouse is 0.1 multiplied by 106m3(ii) a The water source bank 8 adopts ecological concrete for bank fixation, and is covered with deep-rooted herbaceous vegetation 81 comprising vetiver, curcuma aromatica and burdock with the quantity ratio of 1:1:1 and the planting density of 5-8 plants/m3；
Planting the emergent aquatic plants and the floating plants 82 along the shore line of the water source reservoir 8 for purifying the water source during storage so as to prevent water body pollution; the emergent aquatic plants comprise herba Menyanthis, herba Sambuci Chiensis, and medulla Junci at a ratio of 1:1:2, and planting density of 7-10 plants/m3The floating plants comprise water lily, water standing grain and pennisetum sinese Roxb, the number ratio of the water lily to the water standing grain is 2:1:1, and the planting density is 2-3 plants/m3The ratio of the occupied area of emergent aquatic plants to the occupied area of floating plants is 1: 1.
A pebble layer 83 with the thickness of 0.1m is arranged at the bottom of the water source reservoir 8, the particle size of pebbles is 60-200mm, the particle size of gravel is 2-60mm, and the pebbles: the gravel volume ratio is 6: 4; a gravel layer 83 coated with a sludge layer 84 with a thickness of 0.2-0.3m, the sludge layer 84 being planted with submerged plants 85 such as Myocastor coypus, herba Swertiae Bimaculatae, and herba Wedeliae Mileensis at a ratio of 1:1:1, and waterPutting pollution-resistant large-scale benthonic animals including river crabs, clamworms and razor clams into the source storehouse, wherein the number ratio of the river crabs to the clam worms to the razor clams is 2:1:1, and the putting density is 0.2kg/m2The device is used for purifying water during water source storage period and preventing water body pollution.
(3) The water quantity allocation module is responsible for coordinating flood control reservoir capacity and reserve water source reservoir capacity and comprises a branch canal 9, a porous branch canal gate 10, a water taking canal 11 and a water taking gate 12.
Excavating branch channels 9, wherein the width of each channel is 10m, the depth of each channel is 2m, the head of each channel is positioned in a trunk channel, the tail of each channel is positioned in a water source reservoir, the trunk channels and the water source reservoir are communicated, tamping earthwork is adopted to fix slopes, deep-rooted herbs and shrubs are planted on the slopes, and the deep-rooted herbs and the shrubs are covered on the slopes; the herbaceous plant comprises vetiver, radix Curcumae and burdock at a ratio of 1:1:1, and planting density of 5-8 plants/m3(ii) a The shrub comprises Ligustrum quihoui, Photinia serrulata and Buxus Davidiana at a ratio of 1:1:1 and a planting density of 2 plants/m3(ii) a Planting herbaceous plants and shrubs alternately, wherein the occupied area ratio is 2: 1.
A porous branch canal gate 10 (for example, two holes) is built at the head of the branch canal 9, the communication between the branch canal 9 and the water source reservoir 8 is controlled, the gate length is 10m, and the single-hole flood passing capacity is 60m3And/s, each hole is independently opened and closed, the water quantity entering the water source reservoir can be adjusted, and the flood passing capacity of the branch canal gates of the two holes is 0-120m3/s。
Excavating a water taking channel 11, wherein the width of the channel is 3m, the depth of the channel is 1m, the head of the channel is positioned in a water source warehouse 8 and leads to various water using areas in the polder, including an agricultural planting area, a fishery culture area, a water landscape area and a hydrophilic activity area; tamping earthwork to fix slope, and planting deep-root herbaceous plants and shrubs on the slope; the herbaceous plant comprises vetiver, radix Curcumae and burdock at a ratio of 1:1:1, and planting density of 5-8 plants/m3(ii) a The shrub comprises Ligustrum quihoui, Photinia serrulata and Buxus Davidiana at a ratio of 1:1:1 and a planting density of 2 plants/m3(ii) a Planting herbaceous plants and shrubs alternately, wherein the occupied area ratio is 2: 1.
A single-hole water taking gate 12 is built at the head of the water taking channel 11, the water taking channel is controlled to be communicated with a water source reservoir, the gate length is 1m, and the flood passing capacity is 20m3/s。
Referring to fig. 4-7, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for constructing a reserve water source base by using a flood-holder polder, which is performed by using the system for constructing the reserve water source base by using the flood-holder polder, and the system is used in different periods as follows;
before flood, closing the porous flood inlet gate 1 and the porous branch canal gate 10, opening the porous dry canal gate 6 and the porous flood discharge gate 5, discharging the retained water in the pre-reservoir 2 through the porous dry canal gate 6, the dry canal 9 and the porous flood discharge gate 5 to a polder, and vacating the reservoir capacity of the pre-reservoir 2;
during flood, the porous flood inlet gate 1 is opened, the porous dry canal gate 10 is closed, flood enters the preposed warehouse 2 from the porous flood inlet gate 1, the preposed warehouse 2 stores flood, and the double-sided water retaining dam 3 ensures the safety of the dike of the preposed warehouse 2;
at the end of flood, opening the porous flood inlet gate 1, the porous dry channel gate 6 and the porous branch channel gate 10, closing the porous flood outlet gate 5 and the water intake gate 12, enabling flood to enter the porous flood inlet gate 1, performing primary purification through the grating 7, entering the pre-reservoir 2, performing secondary purification through a gabion and a chemical adsorption material in the pre-reservoir 2, then entering the water source reservoir 8 through the porous dry channel gate 6, the main channel 4, the branch channel 9 and the porous branch channel gate 10, and performing tertiary purification through aquatic animals and plants in the water source reservoir 8;
in the dry season, the water intake gate 12 is opened, the reserve water source enters the water intake canal 12 from the water source reservoir 8 through the water intake gate, and water is supplied to the polder.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a system for utilize flood storage polder to construct reserve water supply storehouse which characterized in that: comprises a safe flood storage module, a water quality purification module and a water quantity allocation module;
the safety flood storage module comprises a porous flood inlet gate, a front-end reservoir, a double-sided water retaining dam, a trunk and a porous flood discharge gate, wherein the porous flood inlet gate is built for excavating an upstream levee of a river channel, the porous flood discharge gate is built for excavating a downstream levee of the river channel, the front-end reservoir is built after the porous flood inlet gate and is used for storing flood water introduced into the polder by the porous flood inlet gate, the double-sided water retaining dam is an original polder of the front-end reservoir, and the porous flood inlet gate and the porous flood discharge gate are communicated by the trunk;
the water quality purification module comprises a grid positioned below the porous flood inlet gate, a gabion placed along a bank line of the front reservoir and a water source reservoir built on two sides of the main channel, chemical adsorption materials are put in the front reservoir, straight water and floating plants are planted along the bank line of the water source reservoir, a gravel layer is laid at the bottom of the water source reservoir, a sludge layer is covered on the gravel layer, submerged plants are planted on the sludge layer, and large pollution-resistant benthonic animals are put in the water source reservoir;
the water quantity allocation module comprises a branch canal for communicating a main canal with a water source reservoir, and water taking canals built on two sides of the water source reservoir, wherein the canal head of each water taking canal is located in the water source reservoir, and the canal tail is located in various water using areas in the polder.
2. The system for constructing a reserve water source tank by using a flood holder according to claim 1, wherein: the safety flood storage module further comprises a porous dry channel gate positioned at the head of the dry channel, the porous dry channel gate is used for controlling the communication between the dry channel and the preposed reservoir, and each hole is independently opened and closed to adjust the water quantity entering the dry channel from the preposed reservoir.
3. The system for constructing a reserve water source tank by using a flood holder according to claim 1, wherein: the double-sided water retaining dam adopts a concrete hexagonal grid for slope protection, and deep-rooted herbaceous vegetation is planted in the grid.
4. The system for constructing a reserve water source tank by using a flood holder according to claim 1, wherein: the main canal adopts ecological concrete to fix the bank and is covered with deep-rooted herbaceous and shrub vegetations.
5. The system for constructing a reserve water source tank by using a flood holder according to claim 1, wherein: one side of the preposed bank leans against the original dike of the polder, the original dike becomes double-sided water retaining, and the other side of the preposed bank adopts an ecological concrete dike.
6. The system for constructing a reserve water source tank by using a flood holder according to claim 1, wherein: the grating is responsible for the first-level physical purification, the preposed warehouse is responsible for the second-level physical chemical purification, and the water source warehouse is responsible for the third-level biological purification.
7. The system for constructing a reserve water source tank by using a flood holder according to claim 6, wherein: the grating is used for intercepting large-volume floaters entering a water body of the preposed reservoir from the polder outer river lake, and a gabion placed along a shoreline of the preposed reservoir is used for reducing flood kinetic energy entering the preposed reservoir and settling suspended matters; chemical adsorption materials put in the preposed reservoir are used for reducing the content of heavy metals and organic pollutants, and pollution-resistant large-scale benthonic animals put in the water source reservoir are used for reducing the content of nutrient salts.
8. The system for constructing a reserve water source tank by using a flood holder according to claim 1, wherein: the water quantity allocation module further comprises a porous branch canal gate built at the tail of the branch canal and a water taking gate built at the head of the water taking canal, the porous branch canal gate is used for controlling the communication of the branch canal and the water source reservoir, each hole is independently opened and closed, the water quantity entering the water source reservoir from the branch canal through the main canal is adjusted, and the water taking gate is used for controlling the communication of the water taking canal and the water source reservoir.
9. The system for constructing a reserve water source tank by using a flood holder according to claim 1, wherein: the branch channel and the water taking channel adopt rammed earthwork for slope fixation, and deep-rooted herbaceous and shrub vegetation is planted on the branch channel and the water taking channel.
10. A method of constructing a reserve reservoir using a flood-holder, characterized by using the system of any of claims 1-9, the method comprising:
before flood, closing the porous flood inlet gate and the porous branch canal gate, opening the porous dry canal gate and the porous flood discharge gate, discharging stagnant water in the pre-reservoir through the porous dry canal gate, the dry canal and the porous flood discharge gate to an agricultural owner, and vacating the reservoir capacity of the pre-reservoir;
during flood, the porous flood inlet gate is opened, the porous dry canal gate is closed, flood enters the pre-reservoir from the porous flood inlet gate, the pre-reservoir stores flood, and the double-sided water retaining dam ensures the safety of the pre-reservoir dyke;
at the end of flood, opening a porous flood inlet gate, a porous dry channel gate and a porous branch channel gate, closing a porous flood discharge gate and a water intake gate, enabling flood to enter from the porous flood inlet gate, performing primary purification through a grating, entering a pre-reservoir, performing secondary purification through a gabion and a chemical adsorption material in the pre-reservoir, then entering a water source reservoir through the porous dry channel gate, a main channel, a branch channel and the porous branch channel gate, and performing tertiary purification through aquatic animals and plants in the water source reservoir;
and in the dry season, the water taking gate is opened, the reserve water source enters the water taking canal from the water source reservoir through the water taking gate, and the polder is supplied with water.
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