CN113416081A - 一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，涉及钢铁生产技术领域，衬板采用不同粒度的硅质颗粒和细粉作为主原料，另外加入ρ‑Al2O3微粉、硅微粉、石墨、抑制剂和溶胶结合剂，采用振动加压成型工艺，并在高温窑炉中烧成处理。制得的衬板材料不仅生产成型效率高，且材料平整、不易弯曲变形，板衬间缝隙小且结合紧密；烧成制品耐火度高、导热系数低、强度高、均匀性好，方便施工砌筑和拆除，有利于衬板材料的高效使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及钢铁生产技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法。
背景技术
动力能源工程通常需要大尺寸规格的钢锭用于生产高性能超厚板。由于传统大型钢锭生产时，铸锭四周散热快，而心部往往是最后凝固，因此常会产生疏松、缩孔、偏析等缺陷，影响最终板材的内部性能和质量。因此，急需开发一种边部保温的耐火材料，消除大型铸锭心部疏松、缩孔等缺陷，提高钢水纯净度。
炉衬材料在大型优质钢锭浇注中承担了重要角色。由于浇注实施过程中炉衬存在缓慢的降温过程，为此，炉衬材料不仅要耐高温，隔热性能好，炉衬耐材间的缝隙要尽量小，接缝数要尽可能少，从而有效降低高温钢液对耐材的渗透侵蚀。同时，炉衬材料还要方便拆除以保障下一浇次的生产，提高生产效率和钢锭质量稳定性。
发明内容
本发明针对上述技术问题，克服现有技术的缺点，提供一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、将颗粒料、细粉和外加剂加入轮碾机中充分混匀、困料；
S2、采用振动加压成型工艺，成型压力80～150MPa，振动时间30～60s；
S3、干燥烘烤，烘烤温度≥150℃，时长≥12h；
S4、在1400～1650℃高温窑炉中烧成处理，保温时间≥5h，得到超薄硅质板。
技术效果：本发明基于大型优质钢锭的特殊冶炼要求，研制了一种专门的超薄衬板，不仅具有耐高温性能、良好的隔热性能和抗钢水渗透性，且便于砌筑和用后拆除，有利于保障冶炼的连续运行。
本发明进一步限定的技术方案是：
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，超薄硅质板中SiO2≥60%，采用不同粒度的硅质颗粒和细粉作为主原料，加入比例为：5-3mm加入量15%～20%，3-1mm加入量25%～30%，1-0mm加入量20%～25%，200～325目加入量20%～30%。
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，硅质颗粒和细粉为硅石、熔融石英或硬质粘土熟料中的任意一种矿物原料，其耐火度≥1700℃。
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，外加剂包括：抑制剂0%～0.05%，结合剂5%～10%。
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，抑制剂为柠檬酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖酸的任意一种。
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，结合剂为硅溶胶或莫来石质溶胶的任意一种。
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，超薄硅质板还包括氧化铝微粉5%～10%，硅微粉0%～3%，石墨0%～3%。
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，氧化铝微粉为一种含水合氧化铝的高纯氧化铝质原料，其平均粒径介于0.1～10um，ρ-Al2O3＞80%以上。
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，硅微粉为任意一种高含量的二氧化硅微粉，其含量≥90%。
前所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，石墨为任意一种天然石墨或人造石墨的一种，其粒度＜100目，含量≥90%。
本发明的有益效果是：
（1）本发明中以酸性或弱酸性的高耐火度的硅质原料为主原料，保障材料具有较高的耐火度和抗热震稳定性；同时避免向钢液中引入[Al]元素，避免了更多钢液铝夹杂物的形成，保障钢液的洁净度；以相似主组分的硅溶胶或莫来石溶胶为常温成型结合剂，不仅赋予炉衬材料足够的结合强度，也避免引入更多的外来杂质；还可实现炉衬材料的快速烘烤，节省材料制造成本；
（2）本发明中加入的水合氧化铝充当中高温烧结剂的角色，利用ρ-Al2O3相原料具有低晶度、亚稳态、高比表面积(一般超过150m2/g)的特点，中高温条件下极易形成固相烧结，提高材料的结合强度；同时还可与酸性材料的氧化硅组分发生莫来石膨胀反应，进一步巩固材料间的紧密结合；加入的硅微粉则是充当调节剂的作用，防止上述膨胀反应过度，也可起到抑制ρ-Al2O3常温下的水化；
（3）本发明中加入的抑制剂(如柠檬酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖酸)实质上为一种缓凝剂，防止ρ-Al2O3微粉与溶胶结合剂中的水分发生水化结合，本发明加入石墨的目的是保障大尺寸衬板容易与模具分离，充当润滑剂的效果；同时，烧成过程残留的微量碳能够进一步优化调控材料的抗热震性能，进一步优化材料的性能；
（4）本发明的炉衬材料属于薄板大平面尺寸的板衬，采用振动加压成型工艺和烧成热处理工艺，不仅生产成型效率高，且衬板平整、不易弯曲变形，板衬间缝隙小且结合紧密；且烧成制品耐火度高、导热系数低、强度高、均匀性好，有利于衬板材料的高效使用；
（5）本发明中采用的原料和结合剂均属于环保型材料，生产和使用过程中几乎不会形成污染性的气体，符合国家环保政策和行业规定。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例提供的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，先将颗粒料放进轮碾机内混碾5 min，沿一定的方向缓慢加入约1/3的结合剂再混碾3～5 min；然后将用强力搅拌机预混后的基质全部加入轮碾机混碾8～10min；最后将剩余的结合剂缓慢加入继续混碾约20 min后出料；困料12～24h后进行成型和热处理。
以熔融石英为颗粒和细粉，其5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm、200～325目的加入比例依次为20%、26%、22%、20%；纯ρ-Al2O3微粉8%、硅微粉1%、石墨3%、柠檬酸(外加)0.03%、硅溶胶(外加)8%～8.5%。设定炉衬大板的尺寸为：200～400×300～800×30～50mm，成型压力100MPa，烘烤温度200℃，保温时间24h，之后在1450℃烧成，保温时长10h。
衬板外观平整，无弯曲变形，其性能指标：SiO2≥90%，线收缩率-0.45%～-0.6%，容重1.75～1.80g/cm3，导热系数(1000℃)0.8～1.0w/m·k，耐压强度50～60MPa。
实施例2
本实施例提供的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，与实施例1的区别在于，以45焦宝石(硬质粘土熟料)为颗粒，其5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm加入比例依次为15%、25%、20%；熔融石英为细粉200～325目27%。活性氧化铝微粉(其中ρ-Al2O3相50%)10%、硅微粉2%、石墨1%、酒石酸(外加) 0.05%、莫来石溶胶(外加)9%～10%。设定炉衬大板的尺寸为：200～400×300～800×30～50mm，成型压力120MPa，烘烤温度200℃，保温时间24h，之后在1450℃烧成，保温时长10h。
衬板外观平整，无弯曲变形，其性能指标：SiO2≥60%，线收缩率-0.8%～-0.6%，容重2.2～2.4g/cm3，导热系数(1000℃)3.2～3.4w/m·k，耐压强度60～70MPa。
实施例3
本实施例提供的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，与实施例1的区别在于，以硅石为颗粒，其5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm加入比例依次为20%、25%、25%；70烧结莫来石200～325目8%；熔融石英为细粉200～325目10%。ρ-Al2O3粉10%、硅微粉1%、石墨1%、柠檬酸(外加)0.05%、硅溶胶(外加)8%～9%。设定炉衬大板的尺寸为：200～400×300～800×30～50mm，成型压力80MPa，烘烤温度200℃，保温时间24h，之后在1400℃烧成，保温时长10h。
衬板外观平整，无弯曲变形，其性能指标：SiO2≥80%，线收缩率-0.5%～-0.4%，容重1.9～2.1g/cm3，导热系数(1000℃)1.2～1.4w/m·k，耐压强度50～60MPa。
综上，该烧成超薄硅质板适用于大型优质钢锭浇注，制得的衬板材料不仅生产成型效率高，且衬板平整、耐火度高、导热系数低、强度高、均匀性好，施工操作简单，极大提高了大型优质钢锭的生产效率和质量稳定性，适用于生产高纯净度大型优质钢锭。
除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
S1、将颗粒料、细粉和外加剂加入轮碾机中充分混匀、困料；
S2、采用振动加压成型工艺，成型压力80～150MPa，振动时间30～60s；
S3、干燥烘烤，烘烤温度≥150℃，时长≥12h；
S4、在1400-1650℃高温窑炉中烧成处理，保温时间≥5h，得到超薄硅质板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述超薄硅质板中SiO2≥60%，采用不同粒度的硅质颗粒和细粉作为主原料，加入比例为：5-3mm加入量15%～20%，3-1mm加入量25%～30%，1-0mm加入量20%～25%，200～325目加入量20%～30%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述硅质颗粒和细粉为硅石、熔融石英或硬质粘土熟料中的任意一种矿物原料，其耐火度≥1700℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述外加剂包括：抑制剂0%～0.05%，结合剂5%～10%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述抑制剂为柠檬酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖酸的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述结合剂为硅溶胶或莫来石质溶胶的任意一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述超薄硅质板还包括氧化铝微粉5%～10%，硅微粉0%～3%，石墨0%～3%。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述氧化铝微粉为一种含水合氧化铝的高纯氧化铝质原料，其平均粒径介于0.1～10um，ρ-Al2O3＞80%以上。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述硅微粉为任意一种高含量的二氧化硅微粉，其含量≥90%。
10.根据权利要求7所述的一种用于大型优质钢锭浇注的烧成超薄硅质板制备方法，其特征在于：所述石墨为任意一种天然石墨或人造石墨的一种，其粒度＜100目，含量≥90%。
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