CN113413235B - Animal experiment device for respiratory distress syndrome - Google Patents
Animal experiment device for respiratory distress syndrome Download PDFInfo
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- CN113413235B CN113413235B CN202110587375.2A CN202110587375A CN113413235B CN 113413235 B CN113413235 B CN 113413235B CN 202110587375 A CN202110587375 A CN 202110587375A CN 113413235 B CN113413235 B CN 113413235B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D7/00—Devices or methods for introducing solid, liquid, or gaseous remedies or other materials into or onto the bodies of animals
- A61D7/04—Devices for anaesthetising animals by gases or vapours; Inhaling devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
- A61B5/0536—Impedance imaging, e.g. by tomography
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D3/00—Appliances for supporting or fettering animals for operative purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2503/00—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
- A61B2503/40—Animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2503/00—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
- A61B2503/42—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals for laboratory research
Abstract
The present invention provides an animal experimental apparatus for respiratory distress syndrome, comprising: the device comprises a monitor, a mechanical ventilation mechanism, a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism and an electrode; the monitor is used for monitoring the physical signs of the experimental animals and feeding back physical sign monitoring information to the controller; one end of the electrode is arranged in a thoracic cavity of the experimental animal and used for collecting information of the heart and the lung of the experimental animal; the other end of the electrode is used for connecting a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism, and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism is used for feeding an imaging result back to the controller; the controller is used for starting or closing the mechanical ventilation mechanism according to the imaging result and the physical sign detection information. After the experimental animal is effectively verified by utilizing the experimental device, the aim of further quickly putting into clinical experiments and clinical use can be fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal experiment devices, in particular to an animal experiment device for respiratory distress syndrome.
Background
Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) refers to acute, progressive hypoxic respiratory failure caused by various intra-and extra-pulmonary pathogenic factors other than cardiogenic. War wounds are a high risk factor for ARDS. It has been found that ARDS may occur as a result of a variety of war injuries including lung contusion, craniocerebral and abdominal injuries, and the like. The method is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps: acute onset, complex pathogenesis, shadow of lungs on both sides of X-rays, refractory hypoxemia and high fatality rate; the existing clinical technology can meet the requirements of diagnosis and evaluation of ARDS, but cannot realize the real-time monitoring of the lung ventilation distribution during ARDS mechanical ventilation.
Therefore, there is a lack of an experimental device that can effectively verify mechanical ventilation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an animal experimental device for respiratory distress syndrome, which aims to realize the purposes of further quickly putting into clinical experiments and clinical use after effectively verifying experimental animals by utilizing the experimental device.
The present invention provides an animal experimental apparatus for respiratory distress syndrome, comprising: the device comprises a monitor, a mechanical ventilation mechanism, a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism and an electrode;
the monitor is used for monitoring the physical signs of the experimental animals and feeding back physical sign monitoring information to the controller;
one end of the electrode is arranged in a thoracic cavity of the experimental animal and used for collecting information of the heart and the lung of the experimental animal; the other end of the electrode is used for connecting a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism, and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism is used for feeding an imaging result back to the controller;
the controller is used for starting or closing the mechanical ventilation mechanism according to the imaging result and the physical sign detection information.
Preferably, the mechanical ventilation mechanism is used for ventilating the experimental animal, and comprises: the breathing device comprises a ventilation main machine and a breathing pipeline, wherein one end of the breathing pipeline is connected with the mouth and the nose of an experimental animal, and the other end of the breathing pipeline is connected with the ventilation main machine.
Preferably, the electrodes are arranged in plurality and are arranged on the belt body at intervals, a lead is arranged in the belt body and is used for connecting the electrodes and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism through a bus.
Preferably, the inside of the belt body is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, each mounting groove is internally used for embedding the electrode, the electrode is of a flexible sheet structure, the acquisition end of the electrode is far away from one surface of the mounting groove, and the signal output end of the electrode is positioned in the mounting groove and is connected with a bus through a lead.
Preferably, the outer surface of the belt body is provided with a clamping and fixing mechanism, and the clamping and fixing mechanism is used for fixing the belt body and the plurality of electrodes in the belt body at the thoracic cavity part of the experimental animal.
Preferably, the lower surface of the clamping and fixing mechanism is fixed on an experimental bed, an opening is arranged above the clamping and fixing mechanism, and the opening is used for clamping the thoracic cavity part of the experimental animal; the experimental bed is erected in a laboratory through the bed frame, and is convenient for the experimental animal to be erected and fixed.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the oleic acid injection mechanism is connected with a controller through a lead, and the controller is used for controlling the oleic acid injection mechanism to inject oleic acid into an experimental animal and duplicating an ARDS model by utilizing the oleic acid.
Preferably, the clamping and fixing mechanism is a shell structure, an opening is formed in the shell structure, a clamping and limiting mechanism for clamping or loosening is arranged at the opening, an electrode driving mechanism is arranged inside the shell structure, and the electrode driving mechanism is used for retracting or extending the electrode and contacting or loosening the electrode with or from the experimental animal;
the electrode driving mechanism includes: the electrode is connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the movable rod is connected to the other end of the second connecting rod, the movable rod penetrates through the sealing plate, the inner wall of a shell of the clamping and fixing mechanism is arranged on one side, away from the electrode, of the sealing plate, a limiting cylinder with a cylindrical structure is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, a first notch is formed in one side of the limiting cylinder, and the movable rod penetrates from the sealing plate to the inside of the limiting cylinder and extends from the inside of the limiting cylinder to the inside of the shell of the clamping and fixing mechanism;
the inner part of the shell is also provided with third connecting rods, the third connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sealing plate, the third connecting rods are used for being rotatably connected with a fourth rotating shaft, the other end of the fourth rotating shaft is respectively connected with a group of first gears, the other end of each first gear is respectively connected with a limiting disc through a third rotating shaft, and a second gear is arranged between the limiting discs;
a second notch is formed in one surface, located on the inner wall of the shell, of the sealing plate, the second notch is of a semi-arc structure, a fifth connecting rod is arranged in the second notch in a sliding mode, one surface, far away from the second notch, of the fifth connecting rod is a plane, a toothed plate is arranged on the plane, and the toothed plate is used for being meshed with the second gear;
one end of the fifth connecting rod is connected with a fourth connecting rod, the other end of the fourth connecting rod is connected with a pushing piston, and the pushing piston is used for pushing the fourth connecting rod and the fifth connecting rod;
one surface of the movable rod, which is close to the first gear, is provided with a meshing tooth group, and the meshing tooth group is meshed with the first gear; one end of the movable rod, far away from the second connecting rod, is connected with a wire, and the other end of the wire is connected with a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism.
Preferably, the pushing piston is disposed at one end of a first pipe, the other end of the first pipe is used for connecting a driving device, the driving device is used for pushing the pushing piston, and the driving device includes: the pressurizing piston is positioned at one end, far away from the pushing piston, of the first pipeline and is used for pressurizing the first pipeline, a first movable groove is formed in the other end of the pressurizing piston, a first connecting rod is movably connected in the first movable groove, a connecting plate is arranged at the other end of the first connecting rod and is rotatably arranged between two second swing rods through a rotating shaft, and sector plates of sector structures are respectively arranged at one ends, far away from the connecting plate, of the second swing rods;
the fan-shaped plates and the second swing rods are fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft, and two groups of fan-shaped plates and second swing rods are arranged on the first rotating shaft at intervals; the two second swing rods are used for being rotatably connected with the connecting plate through a rotating shaft;
one end of the first rotating shaft, which is far away from the second swing rods, penetrates through the turntables respectively, the turntables are rotatably arranged on the first vertical plates, and the two first vertical plates are arranged on one surfaces, which are far away from the connecting plate, of the two second swing rods and correspond to the turntables respectively; one end of one of the turntables, which is far away from the vertical plate, is connected with a motor, and the axial center line of the first rotating shaft and the axial center line of the turntables are arranged at intervals;
the circumferential outer walls of one sides, close to the second swing rods, of the two turntables are respectively connected with two ends of a U-shaped connecting frame, and a U-shaped opening of the U-shaped connecting frame faces the fan-shaped plate;
the U type link is kept away from its open-ended one side interval and is provided with the third riser, be used for rotating the wherein one end of connecting the arc knee of arc structure between the third riser, the other end of arc knee is used for rotating the setting between two first pendulum rods through the articulated shaft, the equal spaced fixed connection of the other end of first pendulum rod is in the second pivot, the second pivot is established through the second riser frame the inner wall of casing, wherein one end of second pivot is followed the shells inner wall extends the outside of casing to the connection handle.
Preferably, the circumferential outer wall of the first pipeline is further provided with a mounting lug, and the mounting lug is used for erecting the first pipeline on the inner wall of the shell;
the first pipeline is further connected with a plurality of branch pipelines, the branch pipelines respectively start the pushing pistons in a one-to-one correspondence mode and are used for being connected with a gas storage tank, the output end of the gas storage tank is used for being connected with the gas outlet end of the mechanical ventilation mechanism, the branch pipelines are respectively connected with valves, and the valves are used for opening or closing the communication between the branch pipelines corresponding to the valves and the first pipeline.
Preferably, the device is applied to an animal test method for respiratory distress syndrome, comprising the steps of:
3, starting the mechanical ventilation mechanism by using a controller according to the information acquired by the monitor and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism;
and 6, carrying out pulmonary renaturation and PEEP titration on the obtained ARDS model to obtain an experimental result.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the present invention provides an animal experimental apparatus for respiratory distress syndrome, comprising: the device comprises a monitor, a mechanical ventilation mechanism, a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism and an electrode; the monitor is used for monitoring the physical signs of the experimental animals and feeding back the physical sign monitoring information to the controller; one end of the electrode is arranged in a thoracic cavity of the experimental animal and used for collecting information of the heart and the lung of the experimental animal; the other end of the electrode is used for connecting a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism, and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism is used for feeding an imaging result back to the controller; the controller is used for starting or closing the mechanical ventilation mechanism according to the imaging result and the physical sign detection information.
According to the invention, a piglet ARDS model, namely an animal ARDS model, is firstly established by using the device, and then analysis and inspection are carried out according to the ARDS model, specifically, the piglet ARDS model is established by using the device, mechanical ventilation and EIT monitoring are carried out, then the ARDS model is duplicated by using oleic acid, and finally lung renaturation and PEEP titration are carried out by using a PEEP increasing method. Monitoring the monitor and mechanical ventilation parameters in real time, testing the model in the experimental process through blood gas analysis, and dissecting a pathology detection verification model after the experiment; thereby realizing the stability, accuracy and effectiveness in the animal experiment process; so that the method can be safely, effectively and quickly applied to clinical experiments after multiple experiments, or can be safely and effectively applied to the confirmed diagnosis of the respiratory distress syndrome; further realizes the purpose of rapidly obtaining a treatment scheme after diagnosis is confirmed, thereby improving the diagnosis rate of the respiratory distress syndrome.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a clamping and fixing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of normal lung tissue in the pathology validation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of ARDS model lung tissue in pathology validation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the curve of the relative impedance change during the repeating and titrating process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a lung window image for imaging verification according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an image of a mediastinal window for imaging verification in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the best compliance image for the imaging verification of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a functional image of the imaging verification breath time constant of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the electrode driving mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the pushing piston structure of the electrode driving mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the driving device of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the curved rod configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the connection plate and the first link according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a first pipe and a branch pipe according to the present invention;
wherein, 1-controller, 2-resistance imaging monitoring mechanism, 3-monitor, 4-mechanical ventilation mechanism, 5-experimental animal, 6-electrode, 7-clamping fixing mechanism, 8-belt body, 9-experimental bed, 10-bed frame,
11-a mounting lug, 12-a first pipeline, 13-an air inlet end, 14-a pressurizing piston, 15-a first movable groove, 16-a first connecting rod, 17-a rotating disc, 18-a hinged shaft, 19-a first vertical plate, 20-a first rotating shaft, 21-a second rotating shaft, 22-a second vertical plate, 23-a U-shaped connecting frame, 24-a third vertical plate, 25-an arc-shaped bent rod, 26-a first swing rod, 27-a connecting plate, 28-a second swing rod, 29-a sector plate and 30-a valve,
31-a fourth vertical plate, 32-a second connecting rod, 33-a sealing plate, 34-a first baffle, 35-a limiting cylinder, 36-a third connecting rod, 37-a first notch, 38-a movable rod, 39-a first gear, 40-a third rotating shaft, 41-a second gear, 42-a meshing tooth group, 43-a fourth connecting rod, 44-a pushing piston, 45-a fifth connecting rod, 46-a toothed plate, 47-a second notch, 48-a fourth rotating shaft, 49-a limiting disc and 50-a branch pipeline.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
According to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-2, there is provided an animal experimental apparatus for respiratory distress syndrome, comprising: the device comprises a monitor 3, a mechanical ventilation mechanism 4, a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism 2 and an electrode 6; the monitor 3 is used for monitoring the physical signs of the experimental animal 5 and feeding back the physical sign monitoring information to the controller 1; one end of the electrode 6 is arranged in the thoracic cavity of the experimental animal 5 and used for collecting information of the heart and the lung of the experimental animal 5; the other end of the electrode 6 is used for connecting a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism 2, and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism 2 is used for feeding an imaging result back to the controller 1; the controller 1 is used for starting or closing the mechanical ventilation mechanism 4 according to the imaging result and the sign detection information.
The mechanical ventilation mechanism 4 is used for ventilating a laboratory animal 5, and the mechanical ventilation mechanism 4 comprises: the breathing device comprises a ventilation main machine and a breathing pipeline, wherein one end of the breathing pipeline is connected with the mouth and the nose of the experimental animal 5, and the other end of the breathing pipeline is connected with the ventilation main machine.
The electrodes 6 are arranged in a plurality and are positioned on the belt body 8 at intervals, a lead is arranged in the belt body 8 and is used for connecting the electrodes 6 and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism 2 through a bus.
The inside of the belt body 8 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves, each of which is used for embedding the electrode 6, the electrode 6 is designed to be a flexible sheet structure, the acquisition end of the electrode 6 is far away from one surface of the mounting groove, and the signal output end of the electrode 6 is positioned in the mounting groove and is connected with a bus through a lead.
The outer surface of the belt body 8 is provided with a clamping and fixing mechanism 7, and the clamping and fixing mechanism 7 is used for fixing the belt body 8 and the plurality of electrodes 6 in the belt body 8 at the thoracic cavity part of the experimental animal 5.
The lower surface of the clamping and fixing mechanism 7 is fixed on an experimental bed 9, an opening is formed above the clamping and fixing mechanism 7, and the opening is used for clamping the thoracic cavity part of the experimental animal 5; the experimental bed 9 is erected in a laboratory through a bed frame 10 and facilitates the purpose that the experimental animal 5 can be erected and fixed.
Further comprising: the device comprises an oleic acid injection mechanism, wherein the oleic acid injection mechanism is connected with a controller 1 through a lead, and the controller 1 is used for controlling the oleic acid injection mechanism to inject oleic acid into an experimental animal 5 and copying an ARDS model by utilizing the oleic acid.
The oleic acid injection mechanism injects oleic acid into the body of an experimental animal by using an electric injector, so that the lung tissue of the experimental animal presents an injury mechanism, and the injury mechanism is further used for simulating clinical symptoms of respiratory distress syndrome.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the device is firstly utilized to establish the piglet ARDS model, then analysis and inspection are carried out according to the ARDS model, specifically, the device is utilized to establish the piglet ARDS model and implement mechanical ventilation and EIT monitoring, then the ARDS model is replicated by using oleic acid, and then lung refolding and PEEP titration are implemented by adopting a PEEP increasing method. Monitoring the monitor 3 and mechanical ventilation parameters in real time, testing the model in the experimental process through blood gas analysis, and dissecting the pathology detection verification model after the experiment; thereby realizing the stability, accuracy and effectiveness in the animal experiment process; so that the reagent can be safely, effectively and quickly applied to clinical experiments after multiple experiments or is safely and effectively applied to the definite diagnosis of the respiratory distress syndrome; further realizes the purpose of rapidly obtaining a treatment scheme after diagnosis is confirmed, thereby improving the diagnosis rate of the respiratory distress syndrome.
The clamping and fixing device is used for clamping the experimental animal 5 on the experimental bed 9, so that the condition that the experimental data is inaccurate due to displacement or falling of the electrode 6 of the experimental animal 5 in the experimental process is reduced, and the stability and the reliability in the experimental process are further improved.
In the prior art, when a mechanical ventilation mechanism 4 is used for ventilating an experimental animal 5, over-set PEEP value can cause over-expansion of opened and ventilated alveoli, and over-set PEEP can cause unobvious pulmonary renaturation effect, so that hypoxemia cannot be improved. The device provided by the invention can display in real time by utilizing the ARDS model, and once the PEEP value is too high or too low, the mechanical ventilation mechanism 4 can be adjusted by the controller 1, so that the stability, reliability and effectiveness of the experiment are greatly improved, and meanwhile, the body discomfort of the experimental animal 5 is reduced.
In one embodiment, shown in fig. 1-2, the device is applied to an animal experimental method for respiratory distress syndrome, comprising the steps of:
and 6, carrying out pulmonary renaturation and PEEP titration on the obtained ARDS model to obtain an experimental result.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the device is firstly utilized to establish the piglet ARDS model, then analysis and inspection are carried out according to the ARDS model, specifically, the device is utilized to establish the piglet ARDS model and implement mechanical ventilation and EIT monitoring, then the ARDS model is replicated by using oleic acid, and then lung refolding and PEEP titration are implemented by adopting a PEEP increasing method. Monitoring the monitor 3 and mechanical ventilation parameters in real time, testing the model in the experimental process through blood gas analysis, and dissecting the pathology detection verification model after the experiment; thereby realizing the stability, accuracy and effectiveness in the animal experiment process; so that the method can be safely, effectively and quickly applied to clinical experiments after multiple experiments, or can be safely and effectively applied to the confirmed diagnosis of the respiratory distress syndrome; further realizes the purpose of rapidly obtaining a treatment scheme after diagnosis is confirmed, thereby improving the diagnosis rate of the respiratory distress syndrome.
In the experiment process, a plurality of experimental animals 5 are subjected to experiments, so that the acquisition of a plurality of experimental information is realized, and the effectiveness of the experimental result is further improved; according to the invention, by using the method, the EIT expiration time constant index is optimized, a foundation is laid for the functional image to reflect the expiration capacity of the lung unit and the ventilation poor region, and a reference is provided for early warning of the occurrence of mechanical ventilation related lung injury.
Referring to the lung tissue schematic in the pathology verification shown in fig. 3-4, in normal lung tissue, the alveolar wall thickness in the visual field is uniform, no obvious thickening is seen, the alveolar space is uniform in size, no atelectasis is seen, mild bleeding is seen on the alveolar wall in a small range, a small amount of red blood cells are seen, and a point a is shown; a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration can also be seen on the alveolar wall, shown at B; eosinophilic exudation was seen in a small number of alveolar spaces, indicated at C; no other obvious abnormality of the tissue is seen.
Inflammatory cells such as neutrophilic granulocytes, pus cells, macrophages and the like with densely stained nuclei are accumulated in a large number of alveolar cavities in an ARDS model lung tissue, so that partial tissues are materialized, the lung tissue structure is disordered, and the position D1 is shown; a small range of alveolar wall broadening, shown at D2; local small-scale visualization of cellulose-like material, shown at D5; eosinophilic edema fluid was visible in some of the alveolar spaces, as indicated at D3; capillary congestion on the alveolar wall, shown at D4.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the one-dimensional impedance change curve of pulmonary atelectasis and PEEP titration of one of the experimental animals 5, in which peak airway pressure and tidal volume change with the adjustment of positive end expiratory pressure, and the baseline EIT boundary voltage and the relative change level change accordingly
Fig. 6 shows a chest flat-scan CT image of experimental animal 5, the lung window result shows inflammation of the lower lobes of both lungs, and atelectasis of both lungs, and the mediastinal window shows bilateral pleural effusion.
In fig. 8, the maximum compliance in the dorsal region of both lungs is shown to be at the PEEP max level, indicating that the region requires a large PEEP value to open the alveoli if normal ventilation is to be maintained, consistent with the clinical manifestation of atelectasis in the CT image.
It can be seen from the functional image of expiration time constants that a significant 'boundary' occurs on the back side of both lungs due to a large difference in expiration time constants, the boundary partially coincides with a boundary of pleural effusion liquid level on both sides of a CT mediastinum window, and high shear force is easily generated at the boundary of local lung units during periodic mechanical ventilation of a ventilator due to a significant difference between lung local compliance and expiration time constants at the boundary, which is a high risk factor of VALI (ventilator-related lung injury).
Compared with the CT, the functional EIT image has low spatial resolution and high temporal resolution, can quickly give dynamic function information of lung ventilation although a clear anatomical structure and an accurate lesion part cannot be given, provides direct reference for guiding a mechanical ventilation strategy and PEEP titration by a bedside and provides a new quick image monitoring method for early warning of VALI.
According to fig. 1-15, in one embodiment, the clamping and fixing mechanism 7 is a housing structure, an opening is formed on the housing structure, a clamping and limiting mechanism for clamping or loosening is arranged at the opening, an electrode driving mechanism is arranged inside the housing structure, and the electrode driving mechanism is used for retracting or extending the electrode 6 and contacting or loosening the electrode 6 with the experimental animal 5;
the electrode driving mechanism includes: the electrode 6 is connected to one end of the second connecting rod 32, the movable rod 38 is connected to the other end of the second connecting rod 32, the movable rod 38 penetrates through the sealing plate 33, one surface of the sealing plate 33, which is far away from the electrode 6, is the inner wall of a housing of the clamping and fixing mechanism 7, a limiting cylinder 35 with a cylindrical structure is arranged on the inner wall of the housing, one surface of the limiting cylinder 35 is provided with a first notch 37, and the movable rod 38 penetrates from the sealing plate 33 to the inside of the limiting cylinder 35 and extends from the inside of the limiting cylinder 35 to the inside of the housing of the clamping and fixing mechanism 7;
a third connecting rod 36 is further arranged inside the housing, the third connecting rod 36 is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sealing plate 33, the third connecting rod 36 is used for being rotatably connected with a fourth rotating shaft 48, the other end of the fourth rotating shaft 48 is used for being respectively connected with a group of first gears 39, the other end of each first gear 39 is respectively connected with a limiting disc 49 through a third rotating shaft 40, and a second gear 41 is arranged between the limiting discs 49;
a second notch 47 is formed in one surface, located on the inner wall of the housing, of the sealing plate 33, the second notch 47 is of a semi-arc structure, a fifth connecting rod 45 is arranged in the second notch 47 in a sliding manner, one surface, away from the second notch 47, of the fifth connecting rod 45 is a plane, a toothed plate 46 is arranged on the plane, and the toothed plate 46 is arranged to be meshed with the second gear 41;
one end of the fifth connecting rod 45 is connected with a fourth connecting rod 43, the other end of the fourth connecting rod 43 is connected with a pushing piston 44, and the pushing piston 44 is used for pushing the fourth connecting rod 43 and the fifth connecting rod 45;
one surface of the movable rod 38 close to the first gear 39 is provided with a meshing tooth group 42, and the meshing tooth group 42 and the first gear 39 are meshed with each other; one end of the movable rod 38 far away from the second connecting rod 32 is connected with a lead, and the other end of the lead is connected with the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism 2.
In this embodiment, when an experiment needs to be performed on an experimental animal 5, the experimental animal 5 is anesthetized, and the clamping and fixing mechanism 7 is used to clamp and fix the experimental animal 5 on the experiment bed 9, because the experimental animal 5 has uncertainty, for example, when the experimental animal 5 is an experimental piglet and an experimental dog, the attachment position of the electrode 6 is different, the inner diameter of the clamping and fixing mechanism 7 is different, and the force applied when the electrode 6 is attached is different, so that the situation that the lean experimental animal 5 cannot attach the electrode 6 well can be caused; therefore, through the electrode driving mechanism, the electrode 6 can be very conveniently attached to the experimental animal 5 more firmly and reliably, and the thorax part of the experimental animal 5 is attached to the electrode, so that the purpose of acquiring information of the experimental animal 5 normally, reliably and effectively in an experiment can be realized.
When the concrete work is performed, firstly, the pushing piston 44 is started, and when the pushing piston 44 moves, the fifth connecting rod 45 is driven to reciprocate in the second notch 47 of the sealing plate 33, so that the purpose that the toothed plate 46 on the fifth connecting rod 45 drives the second gear 41 to be meshed is further realized, therefore, the limiting disc 49 drives the third rotating shafts 40 on two sides to rotate, and the third rotating shafts 40 rotate, so that the first gear 39 rotates on the third connecting rod 36 through the fourth rotating shaft 48; the first gear 39 rotates and contacts with the movable rod 38 leaking from the first notch 37 in the limiting cylinder 35, the movable rod 38 is provided with a meshing tooth group 42, the meshing tooth group 42 is meshed with the first gear 39 and then drives the movable rod 38 and the second connecting rod 32 to reciprocate, so that the electrode 6 connected with the second connecting rod 32 is driven to reciprocate, the collecting end of the electrode 6 can be contracted and extended according to different collecting positions or different experimental animals 5, the collecting end can be always in close contact with the experimental animals 5, and the purpose that the electrode 6 can normally, effectively and reliably collect physical information of the experimental animals 5 is guaranteed.
In one embodiment, the pushing piston 44 is disposed at one end of the first pipe 12, and the other end of the first pipe 12 is used for connecting a driving device, the driving device is used for pushing the pushing piston 44, and the driving device includes: the pressurizing piston 14 is positioned at one end of the first pipeline 12 far away from the pushing piston 44 and is used for pressurizing the first pipeline 12, a first movable groove 15 is formed in the other end of the pressurizing piston 14, the first connecting rod 16 is movably connected in the first movable groove 15, a connecting plate 27 is arranged at the other end of the first connecting rod 16, the connecting plate 27 is rotatably arranged between two second swing rods 28 through a rotating shaft, and sector plates 29 with sector structures are respectively arranged at one ends of the second swing rods 28 far away from the connecting plate 27;
the fan-shaped plates 29 and the second swing rods 28 are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 20, and two groups of fan-shaped plates 29 and the second swing rods 28 are arranged on the first rotating shaft 20 at intervals; the two second swing rods 28 are used for being rotatably connected with the connecting plate 27 through a rotating shaft;
one end of the first rotating shaft 20, which is far away from the second swing rods 28, penetrates through the rotary tables 17 respectively, the rotary tables 17 are rotatably arranged on the first vertical plates 19, two first vertical plates 19 are arranged, and the two first vertical plates are arranged on one surfaces, which are far away from the connecting plate 27, of the two second swing rods corresponding to the rotary tables 17 respectively; one end of one of the turntables 17, which is far away from the vertical plate, is connected with a motor, and the axial center line of the first rotating shaft 20 and the axial center line of the turntables 17 are arranged at intervals;
the circumferential outer walls of one sides of the two turntables 17 close to the second swing rods 28 are respectively connected with two ends of a U-shaped connecting frame 23, and a U-shaped opening of the U-shaped connecting frame 23 faces the sector plate 29;
a third vertical plate 24 is arranged on one side, far away from the opening, of the U-shaped connecting frame 23 at intervals, one end of an arc-shaped bent rod 25 of an arc-shaped structure is connected between the third vertical plates 24 in a rotating mode, the other end of the arc-shaped bent rod 25 is arranged between two first swing rods 26 in a rotating mode through a hinge shaft 18, the other ends of the first swing rods 26 are fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft 21 at intervals, the second rotating shaft 21 is erected on the inner wall of the shell through a second vertical plate 22, and one end of the second rotating shaft 21 extends out of the shell from the inner wall of the shell and is connected with a handle;
the circumferential outer wall of the first pipeline 12 is further provided with a mounting lug 11, and the mounting lug 11 is used for erecting the first pipeline 12 on the inner wall of the shell.
The first pipeline 12 is further connected with a plurality of branch pipelines 50, each branch pipeline 50 respectively starts the pushing piston 44 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and is used for connecting an air storage tank, an output end of the air storage tank is used for connecting an air outlet end of the mechanical ventilation mechanism 4, the branch pipelines 50 are respectively connected with a valve 30, and the valve 30 is used for opening or closing the communication between the corresponding branch pipeline 50 and the first pipeline 12.
In this embodiment, the pushing piston 44 is driven by a driving device when moving, and when the driving device works, the motor connected to the first rotating shaft 20 is provided with a switch, and the switch is located on the outer surface of the clamping and fixing mechanism 7, so that an experimenter can conveniently operate the same,
during specific work, when an experimenter starts a switch, the motor rotates to drive the rotating disc 17 to rotate, the rotating disc 17 rotates to drive the sector disc to swing, the sector disc swings to drive the second swing rod 28 to swing, the second swing rod 28 swings to realize the swing of the connecting plate 27, the swing of the connecting plate 27 drives the first connecting rod 16 to swing, the other end of the first connecting rod 16 is movably connected with the pressurizing piston 14, so that the first connecting rod 16 can drive the pressurizing piston 14 to pressurize at the air inlet of the first pipeline 12 during swinging, the first pipeline 12 transmits high-pressure gas to the air outlet end of the first pipeline 12, the air outlet end of the first pipeline 12 is used for pushing the pushing piston 44 on one hand and for pressurizing the mechanical ventilation mechanism 4 on the other hand, thereby realizing the purpose of regulating the oxygen delivery in the mechanical ventilation mechanism 4;
furthermore, the driving device can also achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressure, and the purpose of adjusting the output pressure of the branch pipeline 50 is achieved by adjusting the magnitude of the output pressure; the purpose of adjusting the pressure of the oxygen conveying pipeline of the push-pull piston or the mechanical ventilation mechanism 4 connected with the branch pipeline 50 is further realized;
specifically, a handle is arranged at one end of the second rotating shaft 21, which extends out of the housing, and the handle is used for rotating the second rotating shaft 21; when pressure regulation is needed, the handle is rotated, so that the first swing rod 26 swings, and further drives the arc-shaped bent rod 25 at the other end to swing, the other end of the arc-shaped bent rod 25 drives the U-shaped connecting frame 23 to swing through the third vertical plate 24, the U-shaped connecting frame 23 drives the rotary plate 17 to rotate on the first vertical plate 19, the rotary plate 17 drives the first rotary shaft 20 to rotate, axial center lines of the first rotary shaft 20 and the rotary plate 17 are different, therefore, when the rotary plate 17 rotates, the position relation of the first rotary shaft 20 changes accordingly, and the distance between the second swing rod 28 and the fan-shaped plate 29 on the first rotary shaft 20 and the pressure end of the first pipeline 12 is adjusted; therefore, the distance between the first connecting rod 16 and the pressurizing end of the first pipeline 12 with the pressurizing piston 14 is also adjusted, so that the purpose of adjusting the pressurizing pressure of the first pipeline 12 by adjusting the distance of the pressurizing piston 14 extending into the first pipeline 12 is achieved, and the purpose of adjusting the pressure by using the first pipeline 12 and further adaptively adjusting the pressure of the branch pipeline 50 is achieved;
the valve 30 on the branch pipe 50 can be opened or closed according to the actual use condition, so that the branch pipe 50 can perform the purposes of stopping pushing and starting pushing when the pushing piston 44 is started; and the adjustment of the pressurization or non-pressurization of the oxygen delivery pipeline of the mechanical ventilation mechanism 4 by using the valve 30 can be realized; meanwhile, the branch pipe 50 can be used to further pressurize or conventionally pressurize the oxygen delivery pipe according to actual needs during the pressurizing operation.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. An animal testing device for respiratory distress syndrome, comprising: the device comprises a monitor, a mechanical ventilation mechanism, a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism and electrodes;
the monitor is used for monitoring the physical signs of the experimental animals and feeding back the physical sign monitoring information to the controller;
one end of the electrode is arranged in a thoracic cavity of the experimental animal and used for collecting information of the heart and the lung of the experimental animal; the other end of the electrode is used for connecting a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism, and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism is used for feeding an imaging result back to the controller;
the controller is used for starting or closing the mechanical ventilation mechanism according to the imaging result and the physical sign detection information;
the resistance imaging monitoring device comprises a belt body, a plurality of electrodes and a lead, wherein the plurality of electrodes are arranged on the belt body at intervals;
the outer surface of the belt body is provided with a clamping and fixing mechanism, and the clamping and fixing mechanism is used for fixing the belt body and a plurality of electrodes in the belt body at the chest part of the experimental animal;
the electrode clamping and fixing mechanism is of a shell structure, an opening is formed in the shell structure, a clamping and limiting mechanism for clamping or loosening is arranged at the opening, an electrode driving mechanism is arranged inside the shell structure, and the electrode driving mechanism is used for retracting or extending the electrode and contacting or loosening the electrode with or from an experimental animal;
the electrode driving mechanism includes: the electrode is connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the movable rod is connected to the other end of the second connecting rod, the movable rod penetrates through the sealing plate, the inner wall of a shell of the clamping and fixing mechanism is arranged on one side, away from the electrode, of the sealing plate, a limiting cylinder with a cylindrical structure is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, a first notch is formed in one side of the limiting cylinder, and the movable rod penetrates from the sealing plate to the inside of the limiting cylinder and extends from the inside of the limiting cylinder to the inside of the shell of the clamping and fixing mechanism;
the inner part of the shell is also provided with third connecting rods, the third connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sealing plate, the third connecting rods are used for being rotatably connected with a fourth rotating shaft, the other end of the fourth rotating shaft is respectively connected with a group of first gears, the other end of each first gear is respectively connected with a limiting disc through a third rotating shaft, and a second gear is arranged between the limiting discs;
a second notch is formed in one surface, located on the inner wall of the shell, of the sealing plate, the second notch is of a semi-arc structure, a fifth connecting rod is arranged in the second notch in a sliding mode, one surface, away from the second notch, of the fifth connecting rod is a plane, a toothed plate is arranged on the plane, and the toothed plate is used for being meshed with the second gear;
one end of the fifth connecting rod is connected with a fourth connecting rod, the other end of the fourth connecting rod is connected with a pushing piston, and the pushing piston is used for pushing the fourth connecting rod and the fifth connecting rod;
one surface of the movable rod, which is close to the first gear, is provided with a meshing tooth group, and the meshing tooth group is meshed with the first gear; one end of the movable rod, far away from the second connecting rod, is connected with a wire, and the other end of the wire is connected with a resistance imaging monitoring mechanism.
2. An animal testing device for respiratory distress syndrome according to claim 1, wherein said mechanical ventilation means is for ventilating a test animal, said mechanical ventilation means comprising: the breathing device comprises a ventilation main machine and a breathing pipeline, wherein one end of the breathing pipeline is connected with the mouth and the nose of an experimental animal, and the other end of the breathing pipeline is connected with the ventilation main machine.
3. An animal experiment device for respiratory distress syndrome according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of mounting grooves are formed in the interior of the band body, the electrodes are embedded in the mounting grooves, the electrodes are provided with flexible sheet structures, the collecting ends of the electrodes are far away from one surface of the mounting grooves, and the signal output ends of the electrodes are located in the mounting grooves and connected with the bus through wires.
4. An animal experiment device for respiratory distress syndrome according to claim 1, wherein the lower surface of the clamping and fixing mechanism is fixed on the experiment bed, and an opening is arranged above the clamping and fixing mechanism and is used for clamping the thoracic cavity part of the experimental animal; the experimental bed is erected in a laboratory through the bed frame, and experimental animals can be erected and fixed conveniently.
5. An animal testing device for respiratory distress syndrome according to claim 1, further comprising: the oleic acid injection mechanism is connected with a controller through a lead, and the controller is used for controlling the oleic acid injection mechanism to inject oleic acid into an experimental animal and duplicating an ARDS model by utilizing the oleic acid.
6. An animal testing device for respiratory distress syndrome according to claim 1, wherein said push piston is provided at one end of a first tube, the other end of said first tube being adapted to be connected to a driving means for pushing said push piston, said driving means comprising: the pressurizing piston is positioned at one end, far away from the pushing piston, of the first pipeline and is used for pressurizing the first pipeline, a first movable groove is formed in the other end of the pressurizing piston, a first connecting rod is movably connected in the first movable groove, a connecting plate is arranged at the other end of the first connecting rod and is rotatably arranged between two second swing rods through a rotating shaft, and sector plates of sector structures are respectively arranged at one ends, far away from the connecting plate, of the second swing rods;
the fan-shaped plates and the second swing rods are fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft, and two groups of fan-shaped plates and second swing rods are arranged on the first rotating shaft at intervals; the two second swing rods are used for being rotatably connected with the connecting plate through a rotating shaft;
one end of the first rotating shaft, which is far away from the second swing rods, penetrates through the turntables respectively, the turntables are rotatably arranged on the first vertical plates, and the two first vertical plates are arranged on one surfaces, which are far away from the connecting plate, of the two second swing rods and correspond to the turntables respectively; one end of one of the turntables, which is far away from the vertical plate, is connected with a motor, and the axial center line of the first rotating shaft and the axial center line of the turntables are arranged at intervals;
the circumferential outer walls of one sides, close to the second swing rods, of the two turntables are respectively connected with two ends of a U-shaped connecting frame, and a U-shaped opening of the U-shaped connecting frame faces the fan-shaped plate;
the U-shaped connecting frame is provided with third vertical plates at intervals on one side far away from the opening of the U-shaped connecting frame, one end of an arc-shaped bent rod of an arc-shaped structure is rotatably connected between the third vertical plates, the other end of the arc-shaped bent rod is rotatably arranged between the two first swing rods through a hinge shaft, the other ends of the first swing rods are fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft at intervals, the second rotating shaft is arranged on the inner wall of the shell through a second vertical plate frame, and one end of the second rotating shaft extends out of the shell from the inner wall of the shell and is connected with a handle; the circumferential outer wall of the first pipeline is also provided with mounting lugs, and the mounting lugs are used for erecting the first pipeline on the inner wall of the shell;
the first pipeline is further connected with a plurality of branch pipelines, the branch pipelines respectively start the pushing pistons in a one-to-one correspondence mode and are used for being connected with a gas storage tank, the output end of the gas storage tank is used for being connected with the gas outlet end of the mechanical ventilation mechanism, the branch pipelines are respectively connected with valves, and the valves are used for opening or closing the communication between the branch pipelines corresponding to the valves and the first pipeline.
7. An animal testing device for respiratory distress syndrome according to any of claims 1 to 6, applied to an animal testing method for respiratory distress syndrome, said method comprising the steps of:
step 1, fixing an experimental animal on an experimental bed, and respectively connecting an electrode and a breathing pipeline to the chest part and the mouth and nose part of the experimental animal;
step 2, starting the controller, and starting the monitor and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism by using the controller;
3, starting the mechanical ventilation mechanism by using a controller according to the information acquired by the monitor and the resistance imaging monitoring mechanism;
step 4, acquiring the imaging result and sign detection information of the experimental animal subjected to mechanical ventilation by the mechanical ventilation mechanism again;
step 5, performing oleic acid injection on the mechanically ventilated experimental animal by using an oleic acid injection mechanism, and obtaining an ARDS model copied by using oleic acid;
and 6, carrying out pulmonary renaturation and PEEP titration on the obtained ARDS model to obtain an experimental result.
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| DE102005022896B3 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-05-11 | Dräger Medical AG & Co. KG | Method for controlling respirator involves receiving measuring signals with the help of electrical impedance measuring instrument fitted with electrode application at test person |
| DE102006018198A1 (en) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-10-25 | Dräger Medical AG & Co. KG | Method and device for lung ventilation |
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| CN1457876A (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2003-11-26 | 北京中医药大学 | New use of fleahane preparation for teating acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| CN1701793A (en) * | 2004-05-24 | 2005-11-30 | 上海睿星基因技术有限公司 | Usage of pirfenidone for treating hepatic injury and necrosis and acute lung injury |
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