CN113410684A

CN113410684A - Terminal and processing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113410684A
Application number: CN202110803154.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王超; 苗云
Original assignee: Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Current assignee: Changchun Jetty Automotive Parts Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-15
Filing date: 2021-07-15
Publication date: 2021-09-17

Abstract

The invention provides a terminal and a processing method thereof, wherein the terminal comprises a connecting part, a first fixing part and a conductive part which are sequentially connected, wherein the connecting part is used for being connected with a cable; the conductive part comprises a plurality of elastic plates distributed at intervals along the circumference, the first ends of the elastic plates are fixedly connected with the first fixing part, and a first groove part is arranged between every two adjacent elastic plates. The invention solves the technical problems of larger contact resistance and higher temperature rise at the joint of the existing plug-in terminal.

Description

Terminal and processing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric devices, in particular to a terminal and a processing method thereof.

Background

In electrical connection, a wire harness is commonly used for conducting current and transmitting signals; the terminals of the wire harness are equipped with plug terminals for connection with corresponding wires. The plug terminal can be divided into matched with public terminal and female terminal, and under the normal condition, female terminal is equipped with the hole, and public terminal can peg graft in this hole, realizes that public terminal and female terminal peg graft together, and public terminal contacts with female terminal, conducts electricity through the contact zone. However, the existing plug-in terminal has the technical problems of large contact resistance and high temperature rise at the joint.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a terminal and a processing method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems of large contact resistance and high temperature rise at a connecting part of the conventional plug-in terminal.

The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a terminal, which comprises a connecting part, a first fixing part and a conductive part which are connected in sequence, wherein the connecting part is used for being connected with a cable; the conductive part comprises a plurality of elastic plates distributed at intervals along the circumference, the first ends of the elastic plates are fixedly connected with the first fixing part, and a first groove part is arranged between every two adjacent elastic plates.

In a preferred embodiment, the terminal includes a second fixing portion located at an end of the conductive portion away from the first fixing portion, and the second ends of the elastic plates are all fixed to the second fixing portion.

In a preferred embodiment, the terminal is provided with a terminal hole penetrating the second fixing portion and the conductive portion.

In a preferred embodiment, the conductive portion includes an inner concave portion having an inner diameter gradually increasing from a center to both ends.

In a preferred embodiment, the first groove portion is provided obliquely with respect to an axis of the terminal.

In a preferred embodiment, an angle between a tangent of the first groove portion and an axis of the terminal is equal everywhere.

In a preferred embodiment, an angle between a tangent of the first groove portion and an axis of the terminal ranges from 10 ° to 60 °.

In a preferred embodiment, the conductive portion and the first fixing portion are of an integral structure; or the conductive part and the first fixing part are connected together in a crimping, welding and screwing mode.

In a preferred embodiment, the terminal includes a conductive tube sleeved outside the conductive portion, the conductive tube is provided with a second groove portion extending in an axial direction of the terminal, and the elastic plate is capable of entering the second groove portion.

In a preferred embodiment, a ratio of a surface area of a portion of the elastic plate entering the second groove portion to a surface area of the second groove portion is 50% to 90%.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the conductive part and/or the conductive barrel contains tellurium.

In a preferred embodiment, the tellurium content in the material of the conductive part and/or the conductive barrel is 0.1% to 5%.

In a preferred embodiment, the conductive part and/or the conductive barrel has a plating layer thereon.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the plating on the conductive part and/or the conductive barrel is uniform.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the conductive part and/or the plating layer on the conductive barrel is not uniform.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the plating layer is one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In a preferred embodiment, the coating comprises a base layer and a surface layer.

In a preferred embodiment, the plating layer can be electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering or vacuum plating.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the bottom layer is one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy and zinc; the surface layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite-silver, graphene-silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.01 μm to 12 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.5 to 50 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the surface layer is 1 to 35 μm.

In a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion is circular, oval, polygonal, flat, diamond, semi-arc, or wave.

The invention provides a terminal processing method, which comprises the following steps:

step S10, forming a connecting part, a first fixing part, a conductive part and a second fixing part, wherein the connecting part is used for being connected with a cable; the conductive part comprises a plurality of elastic plates distributed at intervals along the circumference, the first ends of the elastic plates are fixedly connected with the first fixing part, and a first groove part is arranged between every two adjacent elastic plates; the second fixing part is positioned at one end of the conductive part, which is far away from the first fixing part, and the second ends of the elastic plates are fixedly connected with the second fixing part;

step S20, forming a plurality of overhanging plates distributed at intervals on the circumference of the outer end of the second fixing part;

step S30, the overhanging plate is folded outward to its end to be fixed to the first fixing portion.

The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:

the terminal can be used as a male terminal or a female terminal. Under the condition that this terminal is public terminal, the elastic plate outwards expands under self elasticity effect to with the female terminal in close contact with of matched with, the reliability of connection is ensured on the one hand, avoids the pine to take off, on the other hand the elastic plate can keep laminating with female terminal under self elasticity effect, has increased grafting complex area of contact. Under the condition that this terminal is female terminal, the elastic plate inwards contracts under self elasticity effect to with the public terminal in close contact with of matched with, the reliability of connection is ensured on the one hand, avoids the pine to take off, on the other hand the elastic plate can keep laminating with public terminal under self elasticity effect, has increased grafting complex area of contact. The terminal has the following advantages:

(1) the reliability of mechanical connection of splicing matching is guaranteed, the splicing is elastic, and the phenomenon of loosening is avoided;

(2) the contact area of the plug-in fit is increased, the contact resistance is small, and the conductivity is improved;

(3) the temperature rise of a contact area in the conduction process is reduced, so that the elasticity reduction of the terminal can be avoided, the deformation is reduced, and the service life of the terminal is prolonged;

(4) the processing and installation difficulty is lower, and processing is simple, and save material saves the cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1-4 are schematic structural views of an embodiment of a terminal provided in the present invention;

fig. 5-8 are schematic structural views of another embodiment of the terminal provided by the present invention;

fig. 9-11 are schematic diagrams illustrating the engagement of the conductive barrel and the conductive portion in the terminal provided by the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of a terminal processing method according to the present invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

10. a connecting portion; 11. a terminal hole; 12. an axis of the terminal;

21. a first fixed part; 22. a second fixed part;

30. a conductive portion; 31. an elastic plate; 32. a first groove portion;

40. an inner concave portion;

50. a conductive barrel; 51. a second groove portion; 52. a barrel recess.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

The present invention provides a terminal, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the terminal comprises a connecting part 10, a first fixing part 21 and a conductive part 30 which are connected in sequence, wherein the connecting part 10 is used for connecting with a cable; the conductive portion 30 includes a plurality of elastic plates 31 circumferentially spaced apart from each other, first ends of the elastic plates 31 are fixed to the first fixing portion 21, and a first groove portion 32 is disposed between two adjacent elastic plates 31.

The terminal can be used as a male terminal or a female terminal. Under the condition that this terminal is public terminal, elastic plate 31 outwards expands under self elasticity effect to with the female terminal in close contact with of matched with, the reliability of connection is ensured on the one hand, avoid taking off, on the other hand elastic plate 31 can keep laminating with female terminal under self elasticity effect, has increased grafting complex area of contact. Under the condition that this terminal is female terminal, the elastic plate 31 inwards contracts under self elasticity effect to with the public terminal in close contact with of matched with, the reliability of connection is ensured on the one hand, avoid taking off, on the other hand elastic plate 31 can keep laminating with public terminal under self elasticity effect, has increased grafting complex area of contact. The terminal has the following advantages: (1) the reliability of mechanical connection of splicing matching is guaranteed, the splicing is elastic, and the phenomenon of loosening is avoided; (2) the contact area of the plug-in fit is increased, the contact resistance is small, and the conductivity is improved; (3) the temperature rise of a contact area in the conduction process is reduced, so that the elasticity reduction of the terminal can be avoided, the deformation is reduced, and the service life of the terminal is prolonged; (4) the processing and installation difficulty is lower, and processing is simple, and save material saves the cost.

In an embodiment, the terminal includes a second fixing portion 22 located at an end of the conductive portion 30 away from the first fixing portion 21, the second ends of the elastic plates 31 are all fixedly connected to the second fixing portion 22, and the two ends of the first groove portion 32 are both closed through the first fixing portion 21 and the second fixing portion 22, so that the mechanical connection reliability of the plug-in mating is further improved, and the terminal is prevented from being loosened.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the terminal is provided with a terminal hole 11 penetrating through the second fixing portion 22 and the conductive portion 30, the terminal is a female terminal, and an external terminal can be inserted into the terminal hole 11. In this embodiment, a cylindrical structure sleeved outside the conductive portion 30 is omitted, materials are saved, the processing and assembling difficulty is reduced, the processing is simpler, and the cost is reduced. Further, the end of the terminal hole 11 facing away from the first fixing portion 21 is provided with a chamfer or radius to facilitate the entry of the external terminal into the terminal hole 11 during plugging.

In one embodiment, the conductive portion 30 includes an inner recess 40, as shown in fig. 5-7, the inner diameter of the inner recess 40 gradually increases from the center to both ends. When an external terminal enters the terminal hole 11, the side wall of the terminal hole 11 is extruded outwards, the side wall of the terminal hole 11 expands outwards under the self elastic action, and the concave part 40 is arranged, so that the terminal and the external terminal have a larger contact area in the outward expansion state, on one hand, the contact resistance is reduced, and the conductivity is improved; on the other hand, the reliability of mechanical connection is guaranteed, and loosening is better avoided. As shown in fig. 7, the outer wall of the concave portion 40 gradually increases from the center to both ends along with the inner wall thereof.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, the first groove portion 32 is provided obliquely to the axis 12 of the terminal, and the elastic plate 31 is also provided obliquely to the axis 12 of the terminal. The external terminal is inserted into the terminal hole 11, and the inclined elastic plate 31 can generate a large resistance to the external terminal, so as to prevent the external terminal from withdrawing outwards along the axis 12 of the terminal, and prevent the external terminal from rotating around the axis 12 of the terminal, so that the external terminal and the terminal are connected more stably. The inclination angle of the first groove portion 32 with respect to the axis 12 of the terminal is equal to the inclination angle of the elastic plate 31 with respect to the axis 12 of the terminal.

The way in which the first groove portion 32 is provided obliquely with respect to the axis 12 of the terminal is not limited to one, for example: a longitudinal boundary line of a first groove portion 32 lies in a plane which is arranged obliquely with respect to the axis 12 of the terminal, the first groove portion 32 extends obliquely with respect to the axis 12 of the terminal, and the angle of inclination of the tangent at each longitudinal position of the first groove portion 32 with respect to the axis 12 of the terminal varies.

The inventor makes further improvements to the terminal: the angle between the tangent of the first groove portion 32 and the axis 12 of the terminal is equal everywhere, which can further improve the connection stability and conductivity between the terminal and the external terminal. Further, as shown in fig. 2, an angle β between a tangent of the first groove portion 32 and the axis 12 of the terminal is in a range of 10 ° to 60 °.

In order to test the influence of different included angles β on the electrical conductivity, the inventor selected 10 terminals with the same material, the same size and different angles for experiments, and after the terminals are inserted, the structures of the inserted terminals are electrified to detect the electrical conductivity of the corresponding terminals at the inserted positions, and the test results are shown in table 1. In this embodiment, the conductivity of more than 99% is desirable.

Table 1, effect of different angles on conductivity:

as can be seen from table 1, when the included angle β is less than 10 °, the conductivity does not reach the ideal value range, and the conductive effect is reduced; when the included angle β is larger than 60 °, although the ideal value range of the conductivity is satisfied, the tendency starts to decrease, and the terminal having the included angle β larger than 60 ° is very difficult to process, and has no practical value. Therefore, the inventor selects the value of the included angle beta which is most suitable for production and processing and has ideal conductive performance to be between 10 and 60 degrees.

In one embodiment, the conductive portion 30 and the first fixing portion 21 are connected together by crimping, welding, or screwing. In some cases, the conductive portion 30 includes a plurality of independent elastic plates 31, and one end of each elastic plate 31 is fixed to the first fixing portion 21 so that the elastic plates 31 are circumferentially spaced, and the fixing method may be a crimping, welding or screwing method. In another embodiment, the conductive portion 30 and the first fixing portion 21 are an integral structure, specifically, the first fixing portion 21 and the conductive portion 30 may be an integral hollow cylinder structure, a plurality of first groove portions 32 are formed on the cylinder wall, and the elastic plate 31 is formed between two first groove portions 32, so that the difficulty in assembling and processing the terminal is reduced, and cost saving is facilitated.

In order to improve the conductive performance of the terminal, the inventor makes further improvements: the terminal comprises a conductive tube 50 sleeved outside the conductive part 30, the conductive tube 50 is provided with a second groove part 51 extending along the axial direction of the terminal, the elastic plate 31 can enter the second groove part 51, the conductive tube 50 and the conductive part 30 form a double-layer structure, and when the terminal is a female terminal, the external terminal drives the elastic plate 31 of the conductive part 30 to expand outwards into the second groove part 51, so that the conductive tube 50 and the conductive part 30 can be contacted with the external terminal, the contact area of the terminal and the external terminal is increased, the conductive performance is improved, the connection stability of the external terminal and the terminal is improved, and the external terminal is better prevented from rotating relative to the terminal. Preferably, a gap is provided between the conductive tube 50 and the conductive part 30, that is, a deformation space for the conductive part 30 to expand outward is provided between the inner wall of the conductive tube 50 and the outer wall of the conductive part 30. Preferably, the conductive barrel 50 is elastic, and the conductive barrel 50 can be expanded outward by being pressed by the external terminal.

Further, the second groove portion 51 is disposed obliquely with respect to the axis 12 of the terminal, and the elastic plate 31 is aligned with the second groove portion 51. In some cases, as shown in fig. 9, the inclination angle of the second groove portion 51 is equal to the inclination angle of the elastic plate 31. In other cases, the inclination angle of the second groove portion 51 is not equal to the inclination angle of the elastic plate 31; preferably, as shown in fig. 10, the inclination angle of the second groove portion 51 is smaller than that of the elastic plate 31.

Further, the conductive barrel 50 is provided with a barrel concave portion 52, the inner diameter of the barrel concave portion 52 gradually increases from the center to both ends, the barrel concave portion 52 can expand outwards under the extrusion of the external terminal, and the barrel concave portion 52 and the inner concave portion 40 simultaneously apply extrusion force to the external terminal, so that the connection stability is improved. Further, as shown in fig. 11, the degree of recess of the can recess 52 is greater than that of the inner recess 40, facilitating simultaneous contact of the conductive can 50 and the elastic plate 31 with the external terminal, increasing the contact area. The conductive tube 50 and the conductive part 30 are preferably an integral structure.

Further, the ratio of the surface area of the portion of the elastic plate entering the second groove portion to the surface area of the second groove portion is 50% to 90%. So as to ensure enough contact area and ensure that the conductivity meets the actual requirement.

In order to test the influence of different ratios on the terminal conductivity, the inventor selects the conductive cylinder 50 with the same specification and 10 conductive parts 30 with different sizes for testing. The ratio of the surface area of the portion of the elastic plate entering the second groove portion to the surface area of the second groove portion is 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, respectively. After the terminals are inserted, the inserted terminal structure is electrified, the conductivity of the corresponding terminal insertion part is detected, and the test results are shown in table 2. In this embodiment, the conductivity of more than 99% is desirable.

Table 2, effect of different ratios on terminal conductivity:

as can be seen from table 1, when the ratio of the surface area of the portion of the elastic plate entering the second groove portion to the surface area of the second groove portion is less than 50%, the electrical conductivity does not reach the ideal value range, and the electrical conductivity of the terminal is significantly decreased; when the ratio of the surface area of the portion of the elastic plate entering the second groove to the surface area of the second groove is greater than 90%, although the ideal value range of the conductivity is satisfied, the tendency starts to decrease, and considering that the terminal processing difficulty is high and the terminal assembly difficulty is high when the ratio of the surface area of the portion of the elastic plate entering the second groove to the surface area of the second groove is greater than 90%, the inventor selects the most suitable range of the ratio of the surface area of the portion of the elastic plate entering the second groove to the surface area of the second groove to be 50% -90%.

In some embodiments, the conductive part 30 and/or the conductive barrel 50 may be made of tellurium.

Further, the tellurium content in the material of the conductive part 30 and/or the conductive barrel 50 is 0.1% to 5%.

That is, the conductive part 30 and/or the conductive barrel 50 are made of tellurium copper alloy, so that the terminal has good conductivity and easy cutting performance, the electrical performance is ensured, the processability can be improved, and meanwhile, the elasticity of the tellurium copper alloy is excellent. Preferably, the tellurium content in the tellurium-copper alloy is 0.2% -1.2%.

The inventor selects 10 terminals with the same shape for testing, the conductive part 30 and the conductive cylinder 50 of each terminal have the same size, and the material is tellurium-copper alloy, wherein the content of tellurium accounts for 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 7% respectively. After the terminals are inserted, the inserted terminal structure is electrified, the conductivity of the corresponding terminal insertion part is detected, and the test results are shown in table 3. In this embodiment, the conductivity of more than 99% is desirable.

Table 3, effect of tellurium copper alloys of different tellurium contents on terminal conductivity:

as can be seen from Table 2, when the content ratio of Te is less than 0.1% or more than 5%, the conductivity is remarkably decreased and the desired value of conductivity cannot be satisfied. When the content of tellurium is 0.2% or more and 1.2% or less, the conductivity is the most excellent, and when the content of tellurium is 1.2% or more and 5% or less, the conductivity satisfies the desired value, but the conductivity tends to be gradually lowered and the conductivity also tends to be lowered. Therefore, the inventor selects tellurium copper alloy with 0.1% -5% of tellurium content. Under the most ideal condition, 0.2-1.2% tellurium-copper alloy is selected.

In some embodiments, the conductive portion 30 and the conductive barrel 50 have plating thereon. The purpose is to improve corrosion resistance, conductivity and plugging times, and to prolong the service life of the conductive part 30 and the conductive tube 50.

The plating layer can adopt methods such as electroplating, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering or vacuum plating. The electroplating method is a process of plating a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the surface of metal by utilizing the electrolysis principle. The chemical plating method is a deposition process for generating metal through controllable oxidation-reduction reaction under the catalytic action of the metal. The magnetron sputtering method is characterized in that electrons spirally run near the surface of a target by utilizing the interaction of a magnetic field and an electric field, so that the probability that the electrons collide with argon gas to generate ions is increased, and the generated ions collide with the surface of the target under the action of the electric field so as to sputter out a target material. The vacuum plating method is to deposit various metal and non-metal films on the surface of the part by distillation or sputtering under vacuum condition.

The thickness of the plating layer on the conductive part 30 and the conductive barrel 50 is uniform. The plating layer thickness is unanimous, can once only electroplate the shaping when processing, need not carry out complicated electroplating process in order to obtain the different plating layer thickness in different regions, saves the processing cost, reduces the pollution of electroplating.

The material of the plating layer on the conductive part 30 is different from the material of the plating layer on the conductive barrel 50. The different coatings can be selected according to the needs, for example, a combination with higher conductivity or a combination with better corrosion resistance can be selected according to the needs, or a combination which is most suitable for the actual working environment is selected by comprehensively considering various factors.

The material of the coating is one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite-silver, graphene-silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy. Copper as a reactive metal will undergo oxidation reaction with oxygen and water during use, so one or more kinds of inactive metals are required as a plating layer to prolong the service life of the terminal. In addition, for the metal contact which needs to be plugged and pulled frequently, better wear-resistant metal is needed to be used as a plating layer, and the service life of the contact can be greatly prolonged. The contact also needs good conductive performance, and the conductivity and the stability of the metal are superior to those of copper or copper alloy, so that the terminal can obtain better electrical performance and longer service life.

In order to demonstrate the influence of different plating materials on the overall performance of the terminal, the inventor uses the same specification and material, adopts terminal sample pieces of different plating materials, and utilizes the terminal sample pieces of the same specification to carry out a series of plugging times and corrosion resistance time tests on the adapting plug-in piece. The results of the experiment are shown in table 4 below.

The following table 4 shows the number of plugging times that the terminals are respectively fixed on the experiment table, the terminals are plugged and unplugged in a simulation manner by adopting a mechanical device, and the situation that the surface plating layer of the terminals is damaged is observed when each 100 times of plugging and unplugging is performed, the surface plating layer of the terminals is scratched, the material of the terminals is exposed, the experiment is stopped, and the number of plugging and unplugging times at that time is recorded. In this embodiment, the number of plugging times is not more than 8000.

The corrosion resistance time test in table 4 below is to place the terminal in a salt spray test chamber, spray salt spray to each position of the terminal, take out the terminal every 20 hours, clean and observe the surface corrosion condition, i.e. a cycle, stop the test until the surface corrosion area of the terminal is greater than 10% of the total area, and record the cycle number at that time. In this example, the number of cycles less than 80 was considered to be unacceptable.

As can be seen from table 4 below, when the plating layer is made of the commonly used metals of tin, nickel and zinc, the experimental results are far inferior to those of other selected metals, although the plating layer nickel passes the number of plugging times, the number of plugging times is not much, and the salt spray experiment does not pass the number of plugging times. And the experimental results of other metals are more than the standard value, and the performance is more stable. Therefore, the inventor selects the plating layer material to be one or more of gold, silver-antimony alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver, palladium-nickel alloy, tin-lead alloy or silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

Table 4, influence of different plating materials on terminal plugging times and corrosion resistance:

in some embodiments, the coating includes a base layer and a surface layer.

Furthermore, the plating layer adopts a multi-layer plating method, after the conductive part 30 and the conductive cylinder 50 are processed, a plurality of gaps and holes still exist under the actual surface microcosmic interface, and the gaps and holes are the biggest reasons for abrasion and corrosion of the conductive part 30 and the conductive cylinder 50 in the using process, so that a bottom layer is plated on the surfaces of the conductive part 30 and the conductive cylinder 50 firstly to fill the gaps and holes on the surfaces, so that the surfaces of the conductive part 30 and the conductive cylinder 50 are flat and have no holes, and then the surface plating layer is plated, so that the bonding is firmer and smoother, no gaps and holes exist on the surface of the plating layer, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the electrical property of the terminal are better, and the service life of the terminal is greatly prolonged.

The bottom layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy and zinc; the surface layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

In another embodiment, the underlayer has a thickness of 0.01 μm to 12 μm. Preferably, the thickness of the primer layer is 0.1 μm to 9 μm.

In another embodiment, the thickness of the surface layer is 0.5 μm to 50 μm. Preferably, the thickness of the surface layer is 1 μm to 35 μm.

In order to demonstrate the influence of the change of the thickness of the bottom plating layer on the overall performance of the terminal, the inventor uses the same specification and material, adopts terminal samples with different thicknesses of nickel plating bottom layers and the same thickness of silver plating surface layers, and uses the matching plug-in unit with the same specification to carry out a series of temperature rise and corrosion resistance time tests, and the experimental results are shown in the following table 5.

Table 5, effect of different primer plating thickness on terminal temperature rise and corrosion resistance:

in the temperature rise test in table 5, the same current is applied to the inserted terminal and the mating terminal 30, the temperature of the same position of the terminal before the current application and after the temperature stabilization is detected in a closed environment, and the absolute value is obtained by subtracting the temperatures. In this example, a temperature rise greater than 50K is considered unacceptable.

The corrosion resistance time test in table 5 is to put the terminal into a salt spray test box, spray salt spray to each position of the terminal, take out and clean every 20 hours to observe the surface corrosion condition, namely a cycle, stop the test until the surface corrosion area of the terminal is greater than 10% of the total area, and record the cycle number at that time. In this example, the number of cycles less than 80 was considered to be unacceptable.

From table 5 above, it can be seen that when the thickness of the nickel-plating layer of the bottom layer is less than 0.01 μm, the temperature rise of the terminal is acceptable, but the corrosion resistance cycle number of the terminal is less than 80 because the plating layer is too thin, which does not meet the performance requirement of the terminal. The overall performance and the service life of the butt-joint plug-in have great influence, and the service life of the product is suddenly reduced or even the product fails to work in case of serious accidents. When the thickness of the bottom layer nickel plating layer is larger than 12 mu m, the heat generated by the terminal cannot be dissipated because the bottom layer plating layer is thick, so that the temperature rise of the terminal is unqualified, and the plating layer is thick and is easy to fall off from the surface of the terminal, so that the corrosion resistance periodicity is reduced. Therefore, the inventors selected the thickness of the undercoat layer to be 0.01 μm to 12 μm. Preferably, the inventors found that the effect of the combination of temperature rise and corrosion resistance of the terminal is more excellent when the primer plating layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 9 μm, and therefore, in order to further improve the safety reliability and the practicality of the product itself, the primer plating layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 9 μm.

In order to demonstrate the influence of the change of the thickness of the surface plating layer on the overall performance of the terminal, the inventor uses the same specification and material, adopts the terminal sample pieces with the same thickness of the nickel plating bottom layer and different thicknesses of the silver plating surface layer, and uses the matching plug-in pieces with the same specification to carry out a series of temperature rise and corrosion resistance time tests, and the experimental results are shown in the following table 6.

The experimental method is the same as the above experimental method.

Table 6, effect of different surface layer plating thickness on temperature rise and corrosion resistance:

from the above table 6, it can be seen that when the thickness of the silver plating layer on the surface layer is less than 0.5 μm, the temperature rise of the terminal is acceptable, but the corrosion resistance cycle number of the terminal is less than 80 because the plating layer is too thin, which does not meet the performance requirement of the terminal. The overall performance and the service life of the butt-joint plug-in have great influence, and the service life of the product is suddenly reduced or even the product fails to work in case of serious accidents. When the thickness of the silver coating on the surface layer is more than 50 mu m, the heat generated by the terminal cannot be dissipated because the coating on the bottom layer is thick, so that the temperature rise of the terminal is unqualified, and the coating is thick and is easy to fall off from the surface of the terminal, so that the corrosion resistance periodicity is reduced. Further, since the surface layer plating metal is expensive, the performance is not improved and the use value is not high by using a thick plating layer. Therefore, the inventors selected the thickness of the silver plating layer on the surface layer to be 0.1 μm to 50 μm. Preferably, the inventors found that the effect of the combination of temperature rise and corrosion resistance of the terminal is more excellent when the primer plating layer has a thickness of 1 to 35 μm, and therefore, in order to further improve the safety reliability and the practicality of the product itself, the primer plating layer has a thickness of 1 to 35 μm.

The terminal is connected to a mating terminal via a conductive portion 30 and is connected to a cable via a connecting portion 10. The connecting portion 10 may be cylindrical, solid columnar, or solid plate-shaped. In a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion 10 is circular, oval, polygonal, flat, diamond, semi-arc, or wave. The cross-sectional shape of connecting portion 10 designs into various shapes, makes things convenient for the designer to select the terminal of different shapes according to the environment that the actual terminal was arranged, reduces the volume of grafting structure, optimizes area of contact, strengthens the electrical property of terminal. In addition, the shapes of the inscribed cross sections of the terminals are various, the terminals can be matched with plug terminals with more shapes, and more choices can be provided for designers.

Example two

The present invention provides a terminal processing method, as shown in fig. 12, the terminal processing method includes: step S10, molding the connecting part 10, the first fixing part 21, the conductive part 30 and the second fixing part 22, wherein the connecting part 10 is used for connecting with a cable; the conductive part 30 comprises a plurality of elastic plates 31 distributed at intervals on the circumference, the first ends of the elastic plates 31 are fixedly connected with the first fixing part 21, and a first groove part 32 is arranged between every two adjacent elastic plates 31; the second fixing portion 22 is located at one end of the conductive portion 30 away from the first fixing portion 21, and the second ends of the elastic plates 31 are all fixedly connected to the second fixing portion 22; step S20, forming a plurality of overhanging plates distributed at intervals on the circumference of the outer end of the second fixing part 22; in step S30, the overhanging plate is folded outward to its end to be fixed to the first fixing portion 21.

The two ends of the overhanging plate are respectively fixed on the first fixing part 21 and the second fixing part 22, the plurality of overhanging plates form the conductive cylinder 50 into a double-layer structure, the conductive cylinder 50 and the conductive part 30 form the double-layer structure, the conductive cylinder 50 and the conductive part 30 can be simultaneously contacted with an external terminal, the contact area of the terminal and the external terminal is increased, the conductive performance is improved, the external terminal can be better prevented from rotating relative to the terminal, and the connection stability of the external terminal and the terminal is improved.

In an embodiment of the present invention, in step S30, the overhanging plate is fixed to the first fixing portion 21 by pressing, welding, or screwing.

The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention according to the disclosure of the application document without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A terminal is characterized by comprising a connecting part, a first fixing part and a conducting part which are connected in sequence, wherein the connecting part is used for being connected with a cable; the conductive part comprises a plurality of elastic plates distributed at intervals along the circumference, the first ends of the elastic plates are fixedly connected with the first fixing part, and a first groove part is arranged between every two adjacent elastic plates.

2. A terminal according to claim 1, wherein the terminal comprises a second fixing portion at an end of the conductive portion facing away from the first fixing portion, and a second end of the resilient plate is fixedly connected to the second fixing portion.

3. A terminal according to claim 2, wherein the terminal is provided with a terminal hole penetrating the second fixing portion and the conductive portion.

4. A terminal according to claim 3, wherein the conductive portion includes an inner concave portion having an inner diameter gradually increasing from a center to both ends.

5. A terminal according to claim 1, wherein the first groove portion is arranged obliquely to an axis of the terminal.

6. A terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that the angle between the tangent of the first groove part and the axis of the terminal is equal everywhere.

7. A terminal according to claim 6, wherein the angle between the tangent of the first groove portion and the axis of the terminal is in the range 10 ° to 60 °.

8. A terminal according to claim 1, wherein the conductive portion is of unitary construction with the first fixing portion; or the conductive part and the first fixing part are connected together in a crimping, welding and screwing mode.

9. A terminal according to claim 3, comprising a conductive barrel sleeved outside the conductive portion, the conductive barrel being provided with a second groove portion extending in an axial direction of the terminal, the elastic plate being capable of entering the second groove portion.

10. The terminal of claim 9, wherein a ratio of a surface area of a portion of the elastic plate entering the second groove portion to a surface area of the second groove portion is 50% to 90%.

11. A terminal according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the material of the conductive part and/or the conductive barrel contains tellurium.

12. The terminal according to claim 11, wherein the tellurium content in the material of the conductive part and/or the conductive barrel is 0.1% to 5%.

13. A terminal according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the conductive portion and/or the conductive barrel has a plating thereon.

14. A terminal according to claim 13, wherein the plating on the conductive portion and/or conductive barrel is of uniform thickness.

15. A terminal according to claim 13, wherein the material of the plating on the conductive portion and/or the conductive barrel is non-uniform.

16. The terminal of claim 13, wherein the plating material is one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite-silver, graphene-silver, and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

17. The terminal of claim 13, wherein the plating comprises a base layer and a surface layer.

18. The terminal of claim 13, wherein the plating is selected from the group consisting of electroplating, electroless plating, magnetron sputtering, and vacuum plating.

19. The terminal of claim 17, wherein the primer material is one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, and zinc; the surface layer is made of one or more of gold, silver, nickel, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite-silver, graphene-silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.

20. A terminal according to claim 17, wherein the base layer has a thickness of 0.01 to 12 μm.

21. A terminal as claimed in claim 17, wherein the base layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 9 μm.

22. A terminal according to claim 17, wherein the skin thickness is 0.5 to 50 μm.

23. A terminal according to claim 17, wherein the skin thickness is 1 μm to 35 μm.

24. The terminal of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the connecting portion is circular, elliptical, polygonal, flat, diamond, semi-arc, or wave.

25. A method for processing a terminal, comprising: