CN113410639A - Vivaldi antenna - Google Patents
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- CN113410639A CN113410639A CN202110572605.8A CN202110572605A CN113410639A CN 113410639 A CN113410639 A CN 113410639A CN 202110572605 A CN202110572605 A CN 202110572605A CN 113410639 A CN113410639 A CN 113410639A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/02—Details
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves, and discloses a Vivaldi antenna which comprises a dielectric plate, wherein a metal grounding plate is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric plate, and a microstrip transmission line is arranged on the bottom surface of the dielectric plate; the metal grounding plate is provided with a circular hole, a trapezoidal hole and an exponential curve groove which are sequentially communicated; the metal grounding plates on two sides of the exponential type curve groove are provided with a plurality of special-shaped grooves, and each special-shaped groove comprises a semicircular hole and a rectangular groove which are communicated with each other. Through forming special metal ground plate structure by circular port, trapezoidal hole and exponential type curve groove to all set up a plurality of special-shaped grooves on the metal ground plate of exponential type curve groove both sides, realized having reduced the RCS of Vivaldi antenna in the broadband, and reduced the cut-off frequency channel of low frequency. Meanwhile, the Vivaldi antenna is small in size, simple in structure, convenient to process and integrate with wireless equipment, mature in manufacturing process, high in automation degree, cost-saving, capable of being well applied to the frequency band of 4.7-11GHz, and good in market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic fields and microwaves, and relates to a Vivaldi antenna.
Background
The Vivaldi antenna is an end-fire traveling wave antenna proposed by Gibson, which is formed by a narrow slot line and a wider slot line, also called a cone slot antenna (TSA), and is an ideal antenna for broadband applications, and has a simple structure, easy manufacturing, and high gain, and thus is very popular. In the modern high-tech informatization war, the stealth technology has important and profound significance on the viability and the operational efficiency of weaponry, so that the stealth design of the Vivaldi antenna is very important for airborne application.
The stealth technology design mainly aims at reducing a radar scattering cross section, and requires own equipment to keep low observability under a detection radar of an enemy, wherein the radar scattering cross section is a physical quantity for measuring the strength of an echo generated by a target under the irradiation of radar waves, namely the measurement of the radar signal reflecting capacity of the target in the radar receiving direction, which is called RCS for short. However, the RCS parameter of the conventional Vivaldi antenna is high, and cannot meet the design index.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of high radar scattering cross section parameter of the Vivaldi antenna in the prior art and provide the Vivaldi antenna.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a Vivaldi antenna comprising a dielectric plate; the top surface of the dielectric plate is provided with a metal grounding plate, and the bottom surface of the dielectric plate is provided with a microstrip transmission line; the metal grounding plate is provided with a circular hole, a trapezoidal hole and an exponential curve groove which are sequentially communicated; the metal grounding plates on two sides of the exponential type curve groove are provided with a plurality of special-shaped grooves, and each special-shaped groove comprises a semicircular hole and a rectangular groove which are communicated with each other.
The invention further improves the following steps:
the exponential-type curvilinear slot comprises a first curvilinear sidewall and a second curvilinear sidewall; the first curvilinear sidewall satisfies a first exponential-type curve function:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein y1 is the y-axis coordinate of the starting point of the first curve sidewall, y2 is the y-axis coordinate of the ending point of the first curve sidewall, x1 is the x-axis coordinate of the starting point of the first curve sidewall, x2 is the x-axis coordinate of the ending point of the first curve sidewall, and K is the X-axis coordinate of the ending point of the first curve sidewall1The opening ratio of the first curve side wall;
a second curvilinear sidewall of the exponential curvilinear slot satisfies a second exponential curvilinear function:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein y3 is the y-axis coordinate of the starting point of the second curve sidewall, y4 is the y-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall, x3 is the x-axis coordinate of the starting point of the second curve sidewall, x4 is the x-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall, and K is the X-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall2The opening ratio of the second curve sidewall.
The opening ratio K of the first curve side wall1Opening ratio K of the second curve side wall2＝0.07。
Six special-shaped grooves which are uniformly distributed are formed in the metal grounding plates on the two sides of the exponential type curve groove.
The microstrip transmission line comprises a first rectangular transmission line, a second rectangular transmission line, a first trapezoidal transmission line, a third rectangular transmission line and a fan-shaped transmission line; one end of the first rectangular transmission line is aligned with the edge of the dielectric plate, the other end of the first rectangular transmission line is connected with the side wall of the second rectangular transmission line, one end of the first trapezoidal transmission line is connected with the side wall of the second rectangular transmission line, and the other end of the first trapezoidal transmission line is sequentially connected with the circle center ends of the third rectangular transmission line and the fan-shaped transmission line.
The arc length L6 of the fan-shaped transmission line is 2.5-2.7 mm, and the central angle R2 is 75-85 degrees; the length L7 of the third rectangular transmission line is 1.78-1.98 mm, and the width W7 is 0.05-0.15 mm; the height L8 of the first trapezoidal transmission line is 0.9-1.1 mm; the length L9 of the second rectangular transmission line is 1.65-1.85 mm, and the width W8 is 0.2-0.4 mm; the length L10 of the first rectangular transmission line is 1.8-2.0 mm, and the width W9 is 10.5-10.7 mm; the length L1 of the medium plate 1 is 38.9-39.1 mm, and the width W1 is 65.9-66.1 mm; the diameter R1 of the circular hole is 4.6-4.8 mm; the short side length L2 of the trapezoid hole is 0.44-0.64 mm, the long side length L3 is 1.0-1.2 mm, and the height W2 is 6.6-6.8 mm; the length L4 of the notch of the exponential curve groove is 31.4-31.6 mm, and the distance W3 between the notch and the groove bottom is 43.9-44.1 mm; the width W4 of the rectangular groove is 2.4-2.6 mm, and the distance W5 between adjacent rectangular grooves is 2.9-3.1 mm; the distance W6 between the first rectangular groove and the antenna start end is 23.9-24.1 mm, wherein the first rectangular groove is the rectangular groove with the shortest distance to the antenna start end, and the antenna start end is the end of the antenna close to the circular hole.
The medium plate is made of polytetrafluoroethylene F4 b-2.
The thickness of the dielectric plate H1 is 0.8 +/-0.1 mm; the thicknesses of the metal grounding plate and the microstrip transmission line are H2-0.036 +/-0.1 mm.
The center lines of the circular hole, the trapezoid hole and the index-type curve groove are superposed with the center line of the metal grounding plate, the plurality of special-shaped grooves on two sides of the index-type curve groove are symmetrically arranged, and the center lines of the special-shaped grooves are perpendicular to the center line of the metal grounding plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the Vivaldi antenna of the invention, set up circular hole, trapezoidal hole and exponential type curve slot that communicate sequentially on the metal ground plate, the circular hole plays the impedance matching role to the microstrip transmission line, trapezoidal hole and microstrip line play the role of coupling transmission electromagnetic wave each other, the exponential gradual change slotline plays the guide role to the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna, and because the exponential type curve slot of the antenna bears the stronger surface current nearby, the surface current distribution of other part is weaker, and the radiation performance of the antenna depends on the surface current distribution close to the exponential type curve slot of the antenna mainly, therefore, set up several special-shaped slots on the metal ground plate of both sides of the exponential type curve slot, namely in the position where the surface current is weaker in the operating band, each special-shaped slot includes semicircular hole and rectangular channel communicated, on the premise of not influencing the radiation performance, has reduced the unnecessary metal part, thereby reducing the vertical reflection of the antenna and reducing the RCS. Meanwhile, the special-shaped grooves are formed in the two sides of the exponential type curve groove, so that the vertical reflection of the antenna is reduced, the energy reflected by the antenna is smaller, and the low-frequency cut-off frequency is reduced. The Vivaldi antenna is small and exquisite in size and simple in structure, the metal grounding plate comprises a circular hole, a trapezoid hole and an index curve groove, the structure is the basic structure of the Vivaldi antenna, the structure and the processing technology similar to those of a microstrip antenna are provided, the Vivaldi antenna is convenient and cheap to manufacture, easy to integrate with a microwave circuit, convenient to process and integrate with wireless equipment, high in automation degree, cost-saving, capable of being well applied to the frequency band of 4.7-11GHz, and good in market prospect.
Furthermore, the exponential curve functions of the two side walls of the exponential curve slot are disclosed, the two side walls of the exponential curve slot meet the exponential curve functions, the Vivaldi antenna is enabled to have larger bandwidth, the exponential curve slot plays a guiding role on electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna, and the electromagnetic waves are enabled to propagate along the exponential curve slot.
Furthermore, the microstrip transmission line comprises a first rectangular transmission line, a second rectangular transmission line, a first trapezoidal transmission line, a third rectangular transmission line and a fan-shaped transmission line, the microstrip transmission line is easy to process in a microstrip-slot line feeding mode, and the microstrip transmission line adopts a gradually-changed microstrip line structure, so that impedance matching is easy to realize.
Furthermore, the medium plate is made of polytetrafluoroethylene F4b-2, so that the manufacturing cost is low, and the medium plate is easy to process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a trapezoidal aperture structure of a Vivaldi antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the backside structure of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a microstrip transmission line of a Vivaldi antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the reflection coefficient results for a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the gain of a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is the E-plane and H-plane directional patterns of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 5 GHz;
FIG. 9 is the E-plane and H-plane directional patterns of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 7 GHz;
FIG. 10 is the E-plane and H-plane directional patterns of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 9 GHz;
FIG. 11 is the E-plane and H-plane directional patterns of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 11 GHz;
fig. 12 is a diagram of RCS for a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention at theta 0 and phi 0;
fig. 13 is a diagram of RCS for a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention at theta 10 and phi 0;
FIG. 14 is a diagram of RCS with phi ranging from 0 to 180 when the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention is operated at 5GHz and theta 90 deg.;
FIG. 15 is a graph of RCS for a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 7GHz, theta 90 deg., with phi ranging from 0 to 180 deg.;
FIG. 16 is a graph of RCS for a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 9GHz and theta 90 deg. with phi ranging from 0 to 180 deg.;
fig. 17 is a diagram of RCS for a Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 11GHz and theta 90 deg., with phi ranging from 0 to 180 deg..
Wherein: 1-a dielectric plate; 2-a metal ground plate; 3-a microstrip transmission line; 4-exponential curve slot; 5-trapezoidal hole; 6-circular hole; 7-a profiled groove.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a Vivaldi antenna, including a dielectric plate 1; the top surface of the dielectric plate 1 is provided with a metal grounding plate 2, and the bottom surface is provided with a microstrip transmission line 3; the metal grounding plate 2 is provided with a circular hole 6, a trapezoidal hole 5 and an exponential type curve groove 4 which are sequentially communicated; the metal grounding plates 2 at two sides of the exponential type curve groove 4 are provided with a plurality of special-shaped grooves 7, and each special-shaped groove 7 comprises a semicircular hole and a rectangular groove which are communicated with each other.
The circular hole 6, the semicircular hole, and the trapezoidal hole 5 are holes formed in the middle of the metal ground plate 2. The exponential curve grooves 4 and the rectangular grooves both represent open grooves formed in the side edge of the metal ground plate 2.
The two sidewalls of the exponential-type curve groove 4 are curved sidewalls, that is, the exponential-type curve groove 4 includes a first curved sidewall and a second curved sidewall, and both extend according to an exponential-type curve function. In this embodiment, the two sidewalls of the exponential-type curved groove 4 are symmetrically disposed along the center line of the exponential-type curved groove 4. Referring to fig. 2, the first curved sidewall of the exponential-curve groove 4 extends on the metal ground plate 2 along an exponential-curve starting at a and ending at B.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the first curve sidewall satisfies a first exponential curve function:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein y1 is the y-axis coordinate of the starting point of the first curve sidewall, y2 is the y-axis coordinate of the ending point of the first curve sidewall, x1 is the x-axis coordinate of the starting point of the first curve sidewall, x2 is the x-axis coordinate of the ending point of the first curve sidewall, and K is the X-axis coordinate of the ending point of the first curve sidewall1The opening ratio of the first curve sidewall.
The second curvilinear side wall of the exponential curvilinear groove 4 satisfies a second exponential curvilinear function:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein y3 is the y-axis coordinate of the starting point of the second curve sidewall, y4 is the y-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall, x3 is the x-axis coordinate of the starting point of the second curve sidewall, x4 is the x-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall, and K is the X-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall2The opening ratio of the second curve sidewall.
Preferably, the opening ratio K of the first curved sidewall1Opening ratio K of the second curve side wall20.07. After the start point and the end point of the curved sidewall are determined, the curved sidewall is bent to a different degree due to different aperture ratios, and the curved sidewall with different bending degree affects the parameter performance of the antenna, for example: return loss characteristics S11, gain, RCS, etc. In combination with the designed antenna model, the aperture ratio of the curved sidewall is preferably 0.07 in consideration of the performance of various antennas.
Preferably, in this embodiment, six irregular grooves 7 are uniformly distributed on the metal ground plate 2 on both sides of the exponential-type curve groove 4. According to the surface current distribution of the antenna in the working bandwidth when the special-shaped slot 7 is not arranged, it can be known that the antenna bears stronger surface current near the exponential-type curve slot 4, and the surface current distribution of other parts is weaker, so that the radiation performance of the antenna is mainly determined by the surface current distribution close to the antenna exponential-type curve slot 4. Therefore, the positions with weaker surface currents in the working frequency band, namely the positions of the plurality of special-shaped grooves 7 on the two sides of the exponential-type curve groove 4 are found, and by forming the special-shaped grooves 7, on the premise of not influencing the radiation performance, unnecessary metal parts are reduced, so that the vertical reflection of the antenna is reduced, and the RCS is reduced.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the microstrip transmission line 3 includes a first rectangular transmission line, a second rectangular transmission line, a first trapezoidal transmission line, a third rectangular transmission line, and a sector transmission line; one end of the first rectangular transmission line is aligned with the edge of the dielectric plate 1, the other end is connected with the side wall of the second rectangular transmission line, one end of the first trapezoidal transmission line is connected with the side wall of the second rectangular transmission line, the other end is sequentially connected with the circle center ends of the third rectangular transmission line and the fan-shaped transmission line, and the feeding mode of the Vivaldi antenna mainly adopts coaxial line-slot line feeding, coplanar waveguide-slot line feeding and microstrip line-slot line feeding. The characteristic impedance of the slot line is generally more than one hundred ohms, the selected SMA head is generally 50 ohms, in order to realize impedance matching, a gradual change microstrip line, namely a first rectangular transmission line, a second rectangular transmission line, a first trapezoidal transmission line and a third rectangular transmission line, is adopted for impedance matching, and the fan-shaped transmission line is used for improving the feeding efficiency.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the dielectric plate 1 is made of teflon F4b-2, and has a dielectric constant of 2.65, and the dielectric plate is made of teflon, which is low in cost and easy to process, and has a dielectric constant of 2.65.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the center lines of the circular hole 6, the trapezoid hole 5 and the exponential-type curved slot 4 coincide with the center line of the metal ground plate 2, the plurality of special-shaped slots 7 on both sides of the exponential-type curved slot 4 are symmetrically arranged, the center line of the special-shaped slot 7 is perpendicular to the center line of the metal ground plate 2, the circular hole 6 performs an impedance matching function on the microstrip transmission line, the trapezoid hole 5 and the microstrip transmission line perform an electromagnetic wave transmission function through mutual coupling, and the exponential-type curved slot 4 performs a guiding function on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the antenna.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the arc length L6 of the fan-shaped transmission line is 2.5 to 2.7mm, and the central angle R2 is 75 to 85 °; the length L7 of the third rectangular transmission line is 1.78-1.98 mm, and the width W7 is 0.05-0.15 mm; the height L8 of the first trapezoidal transmission line is 0.9-1.1 mm; the length L9 of the second rectangular transmission line is 1.65-1.85 mm, and the width W8 is 0.2-0.4 mm; the length L10 of the first rectangular transmission line is 1.8-2.0 mm, and the width W9 is 10.5-10.7 mm; the length L1 of the medium plate 1 is 38.9-39.1 mm, and the width W1 is 65.9-66.1 mm; the diameter R1 of the circular hole 6 is 4.6-4.8 mm; the short side length L2 of the trapezoidal hole 5 is 0.44-0.64 mm, the long side length L3 is 1.0-1.2 mm, and the height W2 is 6.6-6.8 mm; the length L4 of the notch of the exponential curve groove 4 is 31.4-31.6 mm, and the distance W3 between the notch and the groove bottom is 43.9-44.1 mm; the width W4 of the rectangular groove is 2.4-2.6 mm, and the distance W5 between adjacent rectangular grooves is 2.9-3.1 mm; the distance W6 between the first rectangular groove and the start end of the antenna is 23.9-24.1 mm.
The first rectangular slot is the rectangular slot with the shortest distance to the antenna starting end, and the antenna starting end is the end of the antenna close to the circular hole 6.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the thickness H1 of the dielectric sheet 1 is 0.8 ± 0.1 mm; the thicknesses of the metal grounding plate 2 and the microstrip transmission line 3 are H2 which is 0.036 +/-0.1 mm.
Based on the Vivaldi antenna in the above example, the following parametric tests were performed.
Referring to fig. 6, the input reflection coefficient of the Vivaldi antenna is a main performance characteristic of the antenna, and as can be seen from fig. 6, the operation bandwidth of the Vivaldi antenna is 4.7-11GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 80.3%. Generally, the input reflection coefficient of the antenna is required to be less than-10 dB, and S11 of the antenna designed by the invention is less than-10 dB within 4.7-11 GHz. Most of antennas belong to broadband antennas, the Vivaldi antenna belongs to an ultra-wideband antenna, can work in a wider working frequency band, and has smaller size compared with the Vivaldi antenna which can realize low radar scattering surface in a similar working frequency band in recent years, which is equivalent to reduction of manufacturing cost.
Referring to fig. 7, for the gain curve of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, the gain is also a main performance characteristic of the antenna, and as can be seen from fig. 7, the gain peak of the antenna can reach 11 dBi. Most gains of the existing Vivaldi antenna capable of realizing a low radar scattering surface in a similar working frequency band are less than 10dBi and basically about 6dBi, and the peak value of the gain of the antenna can reach 11dBi, so that the antenna belongs to a high-gain antenna and has better performance.
Referring to fig. 8, the directional diagrams of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention working in the E-plane and H-plane of 5 GHz; referring to fig. 9, the E-plane and H-plane directional patterns of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention working at 7GHz are shown; referring to fig. 10, the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operates in the E-plane and H-plane patterns of 9 GHz; referring to fig. 11, the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention is shown to operate in the E-plane and H-plane patterns of 11 GHz. Through the directional diagrams of the E-plane and the H-plane of the Vivaldi antenna in the four frequency bands of fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11, it can be seen that the Vivaldi antenna has good radiation characteristics and a good signal receiving range.
Referring to fig. 12, it is RCS when the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention has a pitch angle of the incident wave, or an angle theta between the incident wave and the z-axis in the vertical direction, which is 0, and an azimuth angle of the incident wave, or an angle phi between the incident wave and the x-axis in the xoy plane, which is 0; referring to fig. 13, the RCS of the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention is shown when theta is 10 and phi is 0; referring to fig. 14, for the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 5GHz, theta is 90 ° with an RCS with phi ranging from 0 to 180 °; referring to fig. 15, for the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 7GHz, theta is 90 ° with an RCS with phi ranging from 0 to 180 °; referring to fig. 16, for the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention operating at 9GHz, theta is 90 ° with an RCS with phi ranging from 0 to 180 °; referring to fig. 17, for the Vivaldi antenna of the present invention, the RCS range from phi 0 to 180 ° when operating at 11GHz, theta 90 °. As can be seen from fig. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, the Vivaldi antenna has a very low RCS and can well meet the design criteria.
In conclusion, the Vivaldi antenna has the advantages that the gain peak value can reach 11dBi within a wide working frequency band of 4.7-11GHz, the minimum RCS can reach-55 dbsm, the Vivaldi antenna has low RCS, the volume is small, the Vivaldi antenna is easy to process, and the Vivaldi antenna has a wide application prospect in the fields of onboard fire control systems and the like.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A Vivaldi antenna, characterized in that it comprises a dielectric plate (1); the top surface of the dielectric plate (1) is provided with a metal grounding plate (2), and the bottom surface is provided with a microstrip transmission line (3); the metal grounding plate (2) is provided with a circular hole (6), a trapezoidal hole (5) and an exponential type curve groove (4) which are communicated in sequence; a plurality of special-shaped grooves (7) are formed in the metal grounding plates (2) on two sides of the index type curve groove (4), and each special-shaped groove (7) comprises a semicircular hole and a rectangular groove which are communicated with each other.
2. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that said exponential curvilinear slot (4) comprises a first curvilinear side wall and a second curvilinear side wall; the first curvilinear sidewall satisfies a first exponential-type curve function:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein y1 is the y-axis coordinate of the starting point of the first curved sidewall, y2 is the y-axis coordinate of the ending point of the first curved sidewall, x1 is the x-axis coordinate of the starting point of the first curved sidewall, and x2 is the x-axis coordinate of the ending point of the first curved sidewallMark, K1The opening ratio of the first curve side wall;
the second curvilinear side wall of the exponential curvilinear groove (4) satisfies a second exponential curvilinear function:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein y3 is the y-axis coordinate of the starting point of the second curve sidewall, y4 is the y-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall, x3 is the x-axis coordinate of the starting point of the second curve sidewall, x4 is the x-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall, and K is the X-axis coordinate of the ending point of the second curve sidewall2The opening ratio of the second curve sidewall.
3. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the aperture ratio K of the first curvilinear side wall1Opening ratio K of the second curve side wall2＝0.07。
4. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that six profile slots (7) are provided evenly distributed in the metallic ground plane (2) on both sides of the exponential-type curvilinear slot (4).
5. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the microstrip transmission line (3) comprises a first rectangular transmission line, a second rectangular transmission line, a first trapezoidal transmission line, a third rectangular transmission line and a sector transmission line; one end of the first rectangular transmission line is aligned with the edge of the dielectric plate (1), the other end of the first rectangular transmission line is connected with the side wall of the second rectangular transmission line, one end of the first trapezoidal transmission line is connected with the side wall of the second rectangular transmission line, and the other end of the first trapezoidal transmission line is sequentially connected with the circle center ends of the third rectangular transmission line and the fan-shaped transmission line.
6. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 5, wherein the sector transmission line has an arc length L6-2.5-2.7 mm and a central angle R2-75-85 °; the length L7 of the third rectangular transmission line is 1.78-1.98 mm, and the width W7 is 0.05-0.15 mm; the height L8 of the first trapezoidal transmission line is 0.9-1.1 mm; the length L9 of the second rectangular transmission line is 1.65-1.85 mm, and the width W8 is 0.2-0.4 mm; the length L10 of the first rectangular transmission line is 1.8-2.0 mm, and the width W9 is 10.5-10.7 mm; the length L1 of the medium plate 1 is 38.9-39.1 mm, and the width W1 is 65.9-66.1 mm; the diameter R1 of the circular hole (6) is 4.6-4.8 mm; the short side length L2 of the trapezoid hole (5) is 0.44-0.64 mm, the long side length L3 is 1.0-1.2 mm, and the height W2 is 6.6-6.8 mm; the length L4 of the notch of the exponential curve groove (4) is 31.4-31.6 mm, and the distance W3 between the notch and the groove bottom is 43.9-44.1 mm; the width W4 of the rectangular groove is 2.4-2.6 mm, and the distance W5 between adjacent rectangular grooves is 2.9-3.1 mm; the distance W6 between the first rectangular groove and the antenna starting end is 23.9-24.1 mm, wherein the first rectangular groove is the rectangular groove with the shortest distance to the antenna starting end, and the antenna starting end is the end of the antenna close to the circular hole (6).
7. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the dielectric plate (1) is made of teflon F4 b-2.
8. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness H1 of the dielectric plate (1) is 0.8 ± 0.1 mm; the thicknesses of the metal grounding plate (2) and the microstrip transmission line (3) are H2 which is 0.036 +/-0.1 mm.
9. A Vivaldi antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the center lines of the circular hole (6), the trapezoidal hole (5) and the exponential curved slot (4) coincide with the center line of the metallic ground plate (2), the several shaped slots (7) on both sides of the exponential curved slot (4) are symmetrically arranged, and the center line of the shaped slot (7) is perpendicular to the center line of the metallic ground plate (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110572605.8A CN113410639B (en) | 2021-05-25 | 2021-05-25 | Vivaldi antenna |
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| CN114188709A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-03-15 | 山东师范大学 | Vivaldi antenna for medical imaging and manufacturing method thereof |
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