CN113410529A - Battery charging method and device - Google Patents
Battery charging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113410529A CN113410529A CN202010181589.5A CN202010181589A CN113410529A CN 113410529 A CN113410529 A CN 113410529A CN 202010181589 A CN202010181589 A CN 202010181589A CN 113410529 A CN113410529 A CN 113410529A
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 304
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010278 pulse charging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a battery charging method and device, in the method, a battery is charged by controlling a charging current value according to a preset charging period, in the preset charging period, a charging current value is increased from a first current value to a second current value through a current rising stage, the second current value is determined according to a target maximum current value, the second current value can be ensured to be a larger charging current value in a continuous stage, but a lithium separation phenomenon of the battery caused by overlarge current can not occur, the continuous time of the continuous stage is shorter than a first preset time, and the lithium separation phenomenon of the battery charged by the larger current for a long time in a low-temperature state can be avoided. The method disclosed by the embodiment of the application charges the battery by periodically adopting larger current in the continuous stage without increasing the temperature of the battery, accelerates the charging speed of the battery in a low-temperature state, and effectively solves the problem that the battery is charged slowly in the low-temperature state.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of batteries, and more particularly, to a battery charging method and apparatus.
Background
With the rapid development of electric vehicles, the power battery in the electric vehicle has received a great deal of attention as a source of vehicle power. In the current power batteries, lithium ion batteries with better performance are generally adopted.
When the lithium ion battery is charged at a low temperature, the chemical reaction activity is reduced in a low-temperature state, so that the migration speed of lithium ions is reduced, the charging performance is remarkably reduced, and the optimal charging state of the battery is difficult to achieve. If the battery is charged by using a large current in a normal state at a low temperature, the lithium precipitation phenomenon of the negative electrode of the battery can be caused; and if a smaller current is used for charging, the charging time is extended. In the prior art, an external heating device is used to heat the lithium ion battery, and the charging performance of the battery is improved by increasing the temperature of the lithium ion battery, so that a slightly larger charging current is used for charging. However, it is difficult to accurately control the temperature of the lithium ion battery during the heating process, which is likely to cause uneven heating of the lithium ion battery, thus affecting the charging effect of the battery, and failing to effectively solve the problem of slow charging of the battery at low temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present application provide a battery charging method and apparatus, which can solve the problem in the prior art that battery charging is slow in a low temperature state by controlling a charging current value of a battery in the low temperature state.
The embodiment of the application discloses the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery charging method, including:
acquiring a charging instruction, and controlling a charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging period; the preset charging period comprises a current rising stage, a continuous stage and a current falling stage;
the control charging current value according to predetermineeing the charge cycle and charge to the battery includes:
in the current rising stage, controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value according to a preset increasing rate; the second current value is determined according to a target maximum current value, wherein the target maximum current value is the maximum current value at which a lithium separation phenomenon does not occur when the battery is in the current temperature, the current charge state and the pulse charging time is a first preset time;
in the continuous phase, keeping the charging current value as the second current value, wherein the continuous time of the continuous phase is less than the first preset time;
and in the current reduction phase, controlling the charging current value to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value according to a preset reduction rate.
Optionally, the controlling the charging current value to increase from the first current value to the second current value according to a preset increase rate includes:
controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value at a constant speed according to a preset increasing rate;
the controlling the charging current value to decrease from the second current value to the first current value at a preset decrease rate includes:
and controlling the charging current value to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value at a constant speed according to a preset reduction rate.
Optionally, the preset increase rate is determined by a charging current increase capability of the charging device; the preset reduction rate is determined by the charging current reduction capability of the charging device.
Optionally, the preset increasing rate is equal to the preset decreasing rate.
Optionally, the second current value is a target maximum current value.
Optionally, the first current value is zero; when the first current value is not zero, before the charging current value is controlled according to a preset charging period to charge the battery, the method further comprises: and controlling the charging current value to increase from zero to a first current value according to a preset pre-charging mode.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and monitoring the charge state of the battery, and stopping charging the battery according to the preset charging period control charging current value when the charge state of the battery is a preset stop state.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery charging apparatus, including:
the charging module is used for acquiring a charging instruction and controlling a charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging period; the preset charging period comprises a current rising stage, a continuous stage and a current falling stage;
the charging module includes:
the first current control submodule is used for controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value according to a preset increasing rate in the current rising stage; the second current value is determined according to a target maximum current value, wherein the target maximum current value is the maximum current value at which a lithium separation phenomenon does not occur when the battery is in the current temperature, the current charge state and the pulse charging time is a first preset time;
the second current control submodule is used for keeping the charging current value as the second current value in the continuous phase, and the continuous time of the continuous phase is less than the first preset time;
and the third current control submodule is used for controlling the charging current value to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value according to a preset reduction rate in the current reduction stage.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the pre-charging module is used for controlling the charging current value to increase from zero to the first current value according to a preset pre-charging mode before controlling the charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging period when the first current value is not zero.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the stopping module is used for monitoring the charge state of the battery, and stopping charging the battery according to the preset charging period control charging current value when the charge state of the battery is a preset stopping state.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
in the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the battery is charged by controlling the charging current value according to the preset charging period, in the preset charging period, the charging current value is increased from the first current value to the second current value through the current rising stage, the second current value is determined according to the target maximum current value, the charging with the larger charging current value in the continuous stage can be ensured, the lithium separation phenomenon of the battery caused by the overlarge current can be avoided, the charging current value is reduced to the first current value when the continuous time of the continuous stage is less than the first preset time, and the lithium separation phenomenon caused by the long-time charging with the larger current in the low-temperature state can be avoided. Therefore, according to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the battery is charged by periodically adopting the larger current in the continuous stage, the temperature of the battery is not required to be increased, the charging speed of the battery in the low-temperature state is increased, the lithium precipitation phenomenon of the battery can be ensured, the bad influence on the service performance of the battery can be avoided, and the problem that the battery is charged slowly in the low-temperature state is effectively solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a battery charging method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a charging method for charging a battery according to a preset charging cycle according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of another battery charging method provided in the embodiments of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of another charging method for charging a battery according to a preset charging cycle according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a change in a charging current value of a preset charging period according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
As described above, most of the power batteries for electric vehicles currently use lithium ion batteries, and during charging of the lithium ion batteries, lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode of the batteries and inserted into the negative electrode of the batteries. When the lithium ion battery is charged in a low temperature state, the migration speed of lithium ions is slow, and if the lithium ion battery is charged by a large current under normal conditions, the lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode but cannot be timely inserted into the negative electrode of the battery, so that the lithium ions extracted from the positive electrode and the lithium ions inserted into the negative electrode are unequal in amount, and the phenomenon of lithium separation occurs, wherein the surface of the negative electrode of the battery is covered by the lithium ions. Also, when the battery is charged using a charging current in a normal state for a long time in a low temperature state, a lithium deposition phenomenon of the battery in the low temperature state is increased. The lithium precipitation phenomenon may cause the problems of the performance reduction of the battery, the service life reduction of the battery, the capacity reduction of the battery, and the like, and is not favorable for the normal use of the battery.
The inventor finds that in order to ensure that the battery can be normally used, the charging can be carried out by using a smaller charging current at low temperature, and the lithium ion extraction speed from the positive electrode is reduced by reducing the charging current, so that the lithium precipitation phenomenon is avoided. However, the use of a small charging current results in a prolonged charging time, which is not favorable for the user. In the prior art, the influence of low temperature on the charging of the battery is considered, and when the battery is charged at low temperature, the influence of the low temperature on the state of the battery is reduced by adopting a method for heating the battery, so that the charging speed of the battery is improved. The common heating methods include direct heating and indirect heating, and the reaction activity of the battery is enhanced by increasing the temperature of the battery, so that the battery is charged by adopting a slightly larger current, and the charging time is shortened. However, when the battery is heated, it is difficult to precisely control the temperature of the battery, the problem of uneven heating is also easily caused by the direct heating method, and heat energy needs to be additionally provided for the battery, so that the problem that the battery is slowly charged in a low temperature state cannot be effectively solved.
The inventors have studied and found that, in consideration of the fact that a large charging current cannot be used for a long time in a low temperature state, pulse charging can be used. And for different temperatures, different states of charge and different charging times, the charging currents of the battery with the lithium separation phenomenon are different, so that the target maximum current value without the lithium separation phenomenon can be determined according to the current temperature, the current state of charge and the preset charging time with larger current, namely the pulse charging time, and the maximum current value of the pulse charging can be determined according to the target maximum current value. And the battery is charged in a pulse period, thereby realizing rapid charging of the battery in a low temperature state.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, the figure is a flowchart of a battery charging method according to an embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the method may be implemented by the following steps S101 to S102, for example.
S101: and acquiring a charging instruction.
S102: controlling a charging current value according to a preset charging period to charge the battery; wherein the preset charging period comprises a current rise phase, a duration phase and a current fall phase.
It should be noted that the battery in the embodiment of the present application may be a lithium ion battery, and the specific type of the lithium ion battery is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and the lithium ion battery may be a power battery such as a lithium iron phosphate battery or a ternary lithium battery.
In one possible implementation manner, the charging instruction may be automatically generated by the charging device by detecting a connection state of the charging interface or a numerical value of the current value, and in another possible implementation manner, the charging instruction may also be generated by other related devices or apparatuses. In the embodiment of the present application, a condition for triggering the charging instruction for charging according to the preset charging cycle is not defined, and in one possible implementation manner, when the battery is charged, the battery may be charged in advance, and generation of the charging instruction is triggered when the battery is charged according to the preset charging cycle is satisfied.
It is understood that the preset charging period may be determined according to the kind of the battery, the performance of the battery, the charging performance of the charging device, and the like. In the embodiment of the present application, the ending condition of charging according to the preset charging period and the number of periods in the charging process when the preset charging period is completed are not limited, and the ending condition of stopping charging according to the preset charging period may be determined according to the charging performance of the battery and the stopping condition of stopping charging according to the preset charging period required by the battery.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery is charged by controlling the charging current value, and the magnitude of the specific charging current value when the charging is started according to the preset charging period is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and may be set according to the actual charging requirement.
In the embodiment of the present application, the preset charging period may include a current rising phase, a duration phase, and a current falling phase. The current rising stage may be a stage for controlling the charging current value to increase, the sustaining stage may be a stage for controlling the charging current value to be stable and unchanged, and the current falling stage may be a stage for controlling the charging current value to decrease. In the embodiment of the present application, the initial value and the changed final value of the charging current value in the current rising stage and the current falling stage, and the rate of increasing and decreasing the current are not limited, and may be set according to the need of charging batteries of different types or different states.
In S102, the battery is charged by controlling the charging current value according to a preset charging period, which may be implemented through S1021 to S1023. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a charging method for charging a battery according to a preset charging cycle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
S1021: and in the current rising phase, controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value according to a preset increasing rate.
The first current value in the present embodiment is a charging current value at the beginning of the current rising phase, and the specific magnitude of the first current value is not limited in the present embodiment, and may be set according to the need of charging the battery.
In this application embodiment, the second current value is determined according to a target maximum current value, a specific manner of determining the second current value according to the maximum current value is not limited in this application embodiment, and the second current value may be obtained by calculating a product of the maximum current value and a weight value, where the weight value may be less than or equal to 1, and a specific value of the weight value may be set according to a charging requirement.
Whether the lithium deposition phenomenon occurs in the battery is determined by the temperature, the state of charge and the magnitude of the charging current, and the extent of lithium deposition is also influenced by the charging time. Therefore, the target maximum current value is the maximum current value at which the lithium separation phenomenon does not occur when the battery is at the current temperature, the current state of charge and the pulse charging time is the first preset time. It should be noted that the current state of charge (SOC) of the battery refers to a ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery to the capacity of the battery in a fully charged state, and is usually expressed by a percentage, and the value ranges from 0 to 1. The pulse charging time refers to a holding time of the charging current value when the charging current value is the maximum value in one charging period, and the first preset time may be set according to the charging performance of the battery and the performance of the charging device. It can be understood that the current temperature and the charge state of the battery may affect whether the lithium ion battery may generate a lithium analysis phenomenon, and for different temperatures and charge states, the maximum current value of the lithium analysis phenomenon is different, and the time for charging by using the maximum current value may also affect the lithium analysis degree, so that the maximum current value may be obtained in advance by testing or calculating according to the current temperature, the current charge state, and the pulse charging time of the battery.
The preset increasing rate may be determined by the charging current increasing capability of the charging device, and the preset increasing rate may be set according to the increasing capability of the charging device for the charging current in a certain time. In another possible implementation manner, the preset increasing rate may not be a fixed value in the current rising phase, and may change with time, and the specific changing manner may be determined according to the charging performance of the battery.
It is understood that the second current value is greater than the first current value, and the second current value determined according to the maximum current value is a current value that can be greater than the constant current charging in the low temperature state in the related art.
It should be noted that the preset increasing rate is determined according to the performance of battery charging and the performance of the corresponding charging device, and the specific value of the preset increasing rate and the changing manner of the rate are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
S1022: in the continuous phase, the charging current value is kept to be the second current value, and the duration time of the continuous phase is less than the first preset time.
It can be understood that, in the continuous phase, the charging current value is kept constant, and the duration of the continuous phase is less than the first preset time, so as to ensure that the lithium precipitation phenomenon does not occur in the battery. The specific determination method of the duration is not limited in the embodiment of the application, and the determination method may be determined according to the performance of the charging device, or may be calculated according to the first preset time.
S1023: and in the current reduction phase, controlling the charging current value to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value according to a preset reduction rate.
It should be noted that the preset reduction rate is determined according to the performance of battery charging and the performance of the corresponding charging device, and in the embodiment of the present application, specific values of the preset reduction rate and the change mode of the rate are not limited, and the relationship between the preset reduction rate and the preset increase rate is not limited. The preset reduction rate may also be a fixed value during the current ramp down phase. It should be noted that the increasing capability and the decreasing capability of the charging current of the charging device may not correspond to each other, and in a possible implementation manner, the preset increasing rate is equal to the preset decreasing rate; in another possible implementation, the preset increasing rate and the preset decreasing rate may not have a corresponding relationship.
It can be understood that, when the battery is charged according to the preset charging cycle, after the current decreasing phase of one preset charging cycle is finished, the current increasing phase of the next preset charging cycle can be directly performed.
The battery charging method provided by the embodiment of the application can charge the battery through a larger second current value in a continuous phase in a preset charging period by adjusting the charging current value of the battery, and can ensure that the lithium separation phenomenon cannot occur in the charging process of the battery through the limitation on the second current value and the limitation on the duration time of the continuous phase, thereby avoiding the adverse effect on the battery in a low-temperature large-current charging mode and realizing the rapid charging in a low-temperature state.
Second embodiment
In the first embodiment described above, the preparation condition and the end condition for charging in accordance with the preset charging cycle are not defined, and the specific magnitude of the second current value is not defined, and the good effect of low-temperature charging in accordance with the preset charging cycle may not be achieved.
In view of the above situation, the present application provides another battery charging method, and fig. 3 is a flowchart of another battery charging method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The method can be implemented, for example, by the following steps S201 to S203, and this embodiment will be described in detail below.
S201: and acquiring a charging instruction, and controlling the charging current value to increase from zero to the first current value according to a preset pre-charging mode when the first current value is not zero.
It will be appreciated that in one possible embodiment, the first current value may be zero, and since the charging current value is zero at the start, the charging current value does not need to be adjusted in advance, and charging according to the preset charging period may be performed at the start of charging. In another possible implementation manner, the first current value may not be zero, and the charging current value needs to be increased from an initial value of zero to the first current value before charging according to a preset charging period.
S202: controlling a charging current value according to a preset charging period to charge the battery; wherein the preset charging period comprises a current rise phase, a duration phase and a current fall phase.
In S202, the battery is charged by controlling the charging current value according to a preset charging period, which can be implemented through S2021-S1023. Fig. 4 is a flowchart of another charging method for charging a battery according to a preset charging cycle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
S2021: in the current rising phase, controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value according to a preset increasing rate determined by the charging current increasing capacity of the charging equipment; the second current value is a target maximum current value.
It can be understood that, since the target maximum current value is the maximum current value at which the lithium separation phenomenon does not occur when the current temperature, the current charge state and the pulse charging time are the first preset time, the maximum charging current value at which the lithium separation phenomenon does not occur can be reached when the second current value is the target maximum current value, and accordingly, the charging speed of the battery is the fastest.
The preset increasing rate may be determined by the charging current increasing capability of the charging device, and the preset increasing rate may be set according to the increasing capability of the charging device for the charging current in a certain time. In another possible implementation manner, the preset increasing rate may not be a fixed value in the current rising phase, and may change with time, and the specific changing manner may be determined according to the charging performance of the battery.
S2022: in the continuous phase, the charging current value is kept to be the second current value, and the duration time of the continuous phase is less than the first preset time.
S2023: in the current drop phase, the charging current value is controlled to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value at a preset reduction rate determined by a charging current reduction capability of the charging device.
It will be appreciated that the preset reduction rate may be determined by the charging current reduction capability of the charging device, and may also be a fixed value during the current ramp down phase. It should be noted that the increasing capability and the decreasing capability of the charging current of the charging device may not correspond to each other, and in a possible implementation manner, the preset increasing rate is equal to the preset decreasing rate; in another possible implementation, the preset increasing rate and the preset decreasing rate may not have a corresponding relationship.
S203: and monitoring the charge state of the battery, and stopping controlling the charging current value according to a preset charging cycle to charge the battery when the charge state of the battery is a preset stop state.
It can be understood that, when the battery is charged according to the preset charging period, after the state of charge of the battery reaches a certain stop state, the battery needs to be stopped from being charged according to the preset charging period, and other charging modes are changed. The stop state is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and may be set according to the performance of the battery.
In the embodiment of the present application, by defining the second current value as the target maximum current value and defining the start condition and the stop condition for starting and stopping the charging according to the preset charging cycle, a good effect of performing the low-temperature charging according to the preset charging cycle can be achieved.
Third embodiment
The method for executing the scheduling task provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced above, and the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced below with reference to a specific scenario.
In the scene, the charging pile acquires a charging instruction, and the charging current value is controlled according to a preset charging period to charge the battery. The preset charging period comprises a current rising stage, a continuous stage and a current falling stage, and each stage in the preset charging period is divided according to the change situation of the charging current value. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a change in a charging current value of a preset charging period according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Wherein, 0 to t1At the moment of current rise, t2To t3The time is a continuous period t3To t4The moment is the current reduction stage.
And in the current rising phase, controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value according to a preset increasing rate. In the embodiment of the present application, the first current value is 0, and the second current value is i1。i1The method is determined according to a target maximum current value, wherein the target maximum current value is the maximum current value at which lithium separation does not occur when the battery is in the current temperature, the current charge state and the pulse charging time is the first preset time. For example, when the current temperature of the battery is-10 ℃ and the current state of charge is 8%, the pulse charging time, that is, the time when the current value is maximum in one cycle, can be determined according to the performance of the charging device and the batteryThe pulse charging time can be preset to t in the embodiment of the application0Thus, the maximum current value i of the battery without lithium precipitation can be obtainedlim. In the embodiment of the present application, i is used to achieve better charging effect1Is ilim。
In the duration phase, the charging current value is kept at the second current value, and the duration of the duration phase is t3And t2The absolute value of the difference needs to be less than t0And the time of the continuous stage is not overlong, so that the phenomenon of lithium separation is avoided.
In the current-down phase, the charging current value is controlled to decrease from the second current value to the first current value, i.e. from i, at a preset decrease rate1Is reduced to 0.
The preset increasing rate and the preset decreasing rate are determined according to the charging equipment, software and hardware of the charging pile and the battery pack, and the change capability of the current which can be supported. In the scenario of the embodiment of the present application, the preset increasing rate and the preset decreasing rate have the same value, and are fixed values in both the current increasing stage and the current decreasing stage, and are not changed.
Fourth embodiment
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery charging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
For example, the method may specifically include:
the charging module 301 is configured to obtain a charging instruction, and control a charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging cycle; the preset charging period comprises a current rising stage, a continuous stage and a current falling stage;
the charging module includes:
the first current control submodule 3011 is configured to, in the current rising stage, control the charging current value to increase from the first current value to a second current value according to a preset increase rate; the second current value is determined according to a target maximum current value, wherein the target maximum current value is the maximum current value at which a lithium separation phenomenon does not occur when the battery is in the current temperature, the current charge state and the pulse charging time is a first preset time;
the second current control submodule 3012 is configured to maintain the charging current value as the second current value in the duration phase, where a duration time of the duration phase is less than the first preset time;
and the third current control submodule 3013 is configured to, in the current reduction stage, control the charging current value to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value at a preset reduction rate.
Further, when the first current value is not zero, the apparatus further includes:
and the pre-charging module is used for controlling the charging current value to increase from zero to the first current value according to a preset pre-charging mode before controlling the charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging period when the first current value is not zero.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
and the stopping module is used for monitoring the charge state of the battery, and stopping controlling the charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging cycle when the charge state of the battery is a preset stopping state.
It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" for describing an association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, e.g., "a and/or B" may indicate: only A, only B and both A and B are present, wherein A and B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the apparatus embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, it is relatively simple to describe, and reference may be made to some descriptions of the method embodiment for relevant points. The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and the units and modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. In addition, some or all of the units and modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present application and it is noted that numerous modifications and adaptations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of charging a battery, the method comprising:
acquiring a charging instruction, and controlling a charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging period; the preset charging period comprises a current rising stage, a continuous stage and a current falling stage;
the control charging current value according to predetermineeing the charge cycle and charge to the battery includes:
in the current rising stage, controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value according to a preset increasing rate; the second current value is determined according to a target maximum current value, wherein the target maximum current value is the maximum current value at which a lithium separation phenomenon does not occur when the battery is in the current temperature, the current charge state and the pulse charging time is a first preset time;
in the continuous phase, keeping the charging current value as the second current value, wherein the continuous time of the continuous phase is less than the first preset time;
and in the current reduction phase, controlling the charging current value to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value according to a preset reduction rate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value at a preset increase rate comprises:
controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value at a constant speed according to a preset increasing rate;
the controlling the charging current value to decrease from the second current value to the first current value at a preset decrease rate includes:
and controlling the charging current value to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value at a constant speed according to a preset reduction rate.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the preset increase rate is determined by a charging current increase capability of a charging device; the preset reduction rate is determined by the charging current reduction capability of the charging device.
4. A method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the preset rate of increase is equal to the preset rate of decrease.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second current value is a target maximum current value.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first current value is zero;
when the first current value is not zero, before the charging current value is controlled according to a preset charging period to charge the battery, the method further comprises: and controlling the charging current value to increase from zero to a first current value according to a preset pre-charging mode.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and monitoring the charge state of the battery, and stopping charging the battery according to the preset charging period control charging current value when the charge state of the battery is a preset stop state.
8. A battery charging apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the charging module is used for acquiring a charging instruction and controlling a charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging period; the preset charging period comprises a current rising stage, a continuous stage and a current falling stage;
the charging module includes:
the first current control submodule is used for controlling the charging current value to increase from a first current value to a second current value according to a preset increasing rate in the current rising stage; the second current value is determined according to a target maximum current value, wherein the target maximum current value is the maximum current value at which a lithium separation phenomenon does not occur when the battery is in the current temperature, the current charge state and the pulse charging time is a first preset time;
the second current control submodule is used for keeping the charging current value as the second current value in the continuous phase, and the continuous time of the continuous phase is less than the first preset time;
and the third current control submodule is used for controlling the charging current value to be reduced from the second current value to the first current value according to a preset reduction rate in the current reduction stage.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising:
and the pre-charging module is used for controlling the charging current value to increase from zero to the first current value according to a preset pre-charging mode before controlling the charging current value to charge the battery according to a preset charging period when the first current value is not zero.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising:
and the stopping module is used for monitoring the charge state of the battery, and stopping charging the battery according to the preset charging period control charging current value when the charge state of the battery is a preset stopping state.
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