CN113405979A - Adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiment - Google Patents
Adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113405979A CN113405979A CN202110692992.9A CN202110692992A CN113405979A CN 113405979 A CN113405979 A CN 113405979A CN 202110692992 A CN202110692992 A CN 202110692992A CN 113405979 A CN113405979 A CN 113405979A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments. The invention relates to the technical field of novel multi-factor combined snowfall overall process simulation tests of a building model, which comprises the following steps: the solar radiation simulation system comprises a heat source lifting simulation mechanism, a solar radiation simulation lamp house, a solar intensity calibration device and a solar intensity control system, wherein the angle of the lamp house is adjusted according to the difference of sunrise angles of the heat source lifting simulation mechanism, and sunlight simulation from sunrise to sunset is carried out; the solar radiation simulation lamp field adjusts the illumination intensity and the filtering grating according to different angles so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the intensity of a heat source as required; the solar intensity is calibrated through the solar intensity calibration device, and the solar intensity is adjusted through controlling the solar intensity control system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of novel multi-factor combined snowfall overall process simulation tests of building models, in particular to an adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and snow accumulation coupling experiments.
Background
Global extreme low temperature ice and snow disasters frequently occur, collapse accidents of buildings and structures caused by snow accumulation are increased continuously, and the snow resistance form of the building structure is very severe. Taking our country as an example, statistics are reported that in 2015, 11 months and in the middle of our country, big snow is generally fallen, and many provinces have snow to cause house collapse accidents, so that more than one thousand houses are damaged; in 1 month of 2018, the house collapses in more than 400 rooms and is damaged in more than 1900 rooms due to two large snow in the middle. Similar accidents are also frequent in japan, the united states, canada, and norway. In engineering disasters caused by nearly hundreds of snow, which occur at home and abroad since 2008, large-span space structures (25% of net rack net shells and 18% of space trusses), steel cantilever structures, light steel structures and other structures sensitive to snow load are more. The large-span space structure has the characteristics of light roof structure, large roof area and large proportion of snow load to total load, is usually controlled by snow load, and belongs to a structure sensitive to the snow load. On the other hand, the large-span space structure is mostly applied to public buildings such as stadiums, airport terminals, railway stations, and the like, which are very dense in personnel and have a great influence, so that the engineering disaster result caused by snow of the large-span space structure is very serious, and the design method for correctly mastering the roof snow load is of great significance.
A large number of post-disaster investigation results show that: the understanding of the accumulation mechanism and the change rule of the roof snow is unclear, and particularly, the understanding of the whole process mechanism of accumulation-ablation-crystallization-accumulation evolution of the roof snow under the influence of environmental factors such as wind, rain, heat and the like is almost blank and becomes the most fundamental cause of disasters. Therefore, only by comprehensively mastering the mechanism of accumulated snow on the roof, the roof snow load can be comprehensively known and correctly designed, and the safety and reliability of the structure are ensured from the source. At present, there are three methods for snow load research, which are field actual measurement, wind tunnel test and numerical simulation. The field actual measurement is limited by climate and measurement conditions, the work progress is slow, and the basic data is very deficient. The numerical simulation is low in cost and short in design period, but lacks support of actual measurement and experimental data and a unified standard. At present, wind tunnel tests are the main means for studying snow load by Chinese and foreign students, but when existing wind tunnels (traditional wind tunnels, French JV meteorological wind tunnels, Japan New village CES wind tunnels, Harmony big wind and snow combined test systems and the like) are applied for tests, the problems that the mechanism of snow accumulation on roofs is simulated, particularly the evolution of the snow accumulation property caused by solar radiation heat is not completely simulated, and the dynamic simulation of solar sunshine for 12 hours cannot be carried out exist. The problem radically influences the research on the snow load of the large-span spatial structure roof, so that a novel test device for solar radiation and snow coupling experiments needs to be developed urgently, and reliable data support is provided for the research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides reliable experimental data for researching the thermal snow melting mechanism of solar radiation in the process of snow accumulation on the roof, and deeply developing the research and standard revision of the snow load on the roof with the large-span space structure and the design of the large-span roof. The invention provides an adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments, which provides the following technical scheme:
an adjustable heat source testing device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments, the device comprises: the solar radiation simulation system comprises a heat source lifting simulation mechanism, a solar radiation simulation lamp house, a solar intensity calibration device and a solar intensity control system, wherein the angle of the lamp house is adjusted according to the difference of sunrise angles of the heat source lifting simulation mechanism, and sunlight simulation from sunrise to sunset is carried out; the solar radiation simulation lamp field adjusts the illumination intensity and the filtering grating according to different angles so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the intensity of a heat source as required; the solar intensity is calibrated through the solar intensity calibration device, and the solar intensity is adjusted through controlling the solar intensity control system.
Preferably, the heat source lifting simulation mechanism divides the angle according to 12 hours, and adjusts the angle of the lamp field every 2 hours.
Preferably, the solar radiation simulation light field adopts floodlights.
Preferably, the device further comprises a temperature testing system, the system comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature protection switch, the temperature sensor and the temperature protection switch are arranged in an area where solar radiation cannot reach, the temperature sensor and the temperature protection switch monitor the temperature of the lamp field in real time and detect the temperature in the control system, once the temperature is abnormal, the temperature is larger than or equal to 65 ℃, the lamp field enters a protection state, operation is stopped, an alarm is given, and the temperature sensor needs to record data at least once every minute.
Preferably, the solar intensity control system controls the solar intensity calibration device, records the use time and the switching times of the lamp, and simultaneously records the use time and the switching times of the lamp tube, and the system detects the current of the light source.
Preferably, the solar intensity calibration device comprises a sunlight sensor and ballasts, each lamp cap is connected with one ballast, and continuous and stable voltage and current are provided for two ends of the bulb according to the required radiation intensity, so that power grid fluctuation and aging of the bulb in the service life are compensated.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the test equipment fully considers the snow melting and recrystallization processes caused by a heat source of solar radiation. The method provides important support for the simulation research of the whole process of accumulated snow accumulation-ablation-crystallization-accumulation evolution of the large-span spatial structure roof. The elevating mechanism can adjust the angle of the lamp field according to the change of the actual sunrise angle and time, divides the angle according to 12 hours, and adjusts the angle of one lamp field every 2 hours, thereby more reasonably simulating the solar full-period sunlight radiation process in a natural state and increasing the reliability of the test. The intensity of the heat source can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the irradiation intensity of the irradiation light, the filter grating and other devices, so that the experimental result is closer to the real snow melting process.
The invention utilizes a high-precision multi-task monitoring and control system to measure the radiation intensity and the spectral range inside the tunnel body in real time. The remote control and parameter monitoring functions of the system are realized, the occurrence of accidents is avoided, and the faults are eliminated in time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an adjustable heat source test apparatus for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adjustable heat source test control system for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling tests.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
according to fig. 1 to 2, the invention provides an adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments, which comprises: the solar radiation simulation system comprises a heat source lifting simulation mechanism, a solar radiation simulation lamp house, a solar intensity calibration device and a solar intensity control system, wherein the angle of the lamp house is adjusted according to the difference of sunrise angles of the heat source lifting simulation mechanism, and sunlight simulation from sunrise to sunset is carried out; the solar radiation simulation lamp field adjusts the illumination intensity and the filtering grating according to different angles so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the intensity of a heat source as required; the solar intensity is calibrated through the solar intensity calibration device, and the solar intensity is adjusted through controlling the solar intensity control system.
The heat source lifting simulation mechanism divides the angle according to 12 hours, and adjusts the angle of one lamp field every 2 hours.
The solar radiation simulation light field adopts a floodlight, the design of the light is low in maintenance, the igniter is wrapped by silica gel integrally, and the solar radiation simulation light field is suitable for being used in a high-low temperature bin or a wind tunnel, and the light source and the filter disc are matched to obtain the spectral distribution meeting the CIE-85Table 4/DIN75220 standard.
The adjustable heat source testing device for the solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiment further comprises a temperature testing system, the system comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature protection switch, the temperature sensor and the temperature protection switch are arranged in an area where solar radiation cannot reach, the temperature sensor and the temperature protection switch monitor the temperature of a lamp field in real time and detect the temperature in a control system, once the temperature is abnormal, the temperature is larger than or equal to 65 ℃, the lamp field enters a protection state, the lamp field stops running and gives an alarm for prompting, and the temperature sensor needs to record data at least once every minute.
The solar intensity control system controls the solar intensity calibration device, records the service time and the switching times of the lamp, simultaneously records the service time and the switching times of the lamp tube, and detects the current of the light source.
Preferably, the solar intensity calibration device comprises a sunlight sensor and ballasts, each lamp cap is connected with one ballast, and continuous and stable voltage and current are provided for two ends of the bulb according to the required radiation intensity, so that power grid fluctuation and aging of the bulb in the service life are compensated.
The invention aims to provide adjustable heat source test equipment for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments, which can be used for researching a thermal snow melting mechanism of solar radiation in a roof accumulated snow process and providing reliable experimental data for deeply developing roof snow load research, specification revision and large-span roof design of a large-span space structure.
As the part with the largest time span in the simulation of the whole process of multiple snowfall, the snow melting and recrystallization process caused by sunshine is an important part for researching the snow load of the roof. For the change of the all-weather sunshine environment of true simulation, erect sunshine device and annular slide rail in experimental section, adjust the distance, angle and the radiation intensity of sunshine device through radiation monitoring, control system, and then the sunshine environment of each period of reappearance.
The working process and the working principle of the invention are as follows: during operation, the angle of the solar radiation simulation lamp field is adjusted by the lifting simulation mechanism, and the adjustment of illumination intensity and the adjustment of the light filtering grating are carried out at different angles, so that the full-period sunlight radiation effect of the naturally occurring sun is simulated.
The technical indexes which can be achieved by the adjustable heat source test equipment for the solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiment provided by the invention are as follows: 1) power: 500-1200W/m 2, uniform and continuously adjustable; 2) irradiation modulation precision: < + -. 1%; 3) wavelength range: 280-3000 nm; 4) uniformity of radiation intensity: < + -. 10 percent; 5) radiation intensity stability: < + -. 1%; 6) solar radiation light source life: and ≧ 1000 h.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the adjustable heat source test device for the solar radiation and snow accumulation coupling experiment, and the protection range of the adjustable heat source test device for the solar radiation and snow accumulation coupling experiment is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea belong to the protection range of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and variations which do not depart from the gist of the invention will be those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains and which are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and snow coupled experiment, characterized by: the device comprises: the solar radiation simulation system comprises a heat source lifting simulation mechanism, a solar radiation simulation lamp house, a solar intensity calibration device and a solar intensity control system, wherein the angle of the lamp house is adjusted according to the difference of sunrise angles of the heat source lifting simulation mechanism, and sunlight simulation from sunrise to sunset is carried out; the solar radiation simulation lamp field adjusts the illumination intensity and the filtering grating according to different angles so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the intensity of a heat source as required; the solar intensity is calibrated through the solar intensity calibration device, and the solar intensity is adjusted through controlling the solar intensity control system.
2. The adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heat source lifting simulation mechanism divides the angle according to 12 hours, and adjusts the angle of one lamp field every 2 hours.
3. The adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solar radiation simulation light field adopts a floodlight.
4. The adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises a temperature testing system, wherein the system comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature protection switch, the temperature sensor and the temperature protection switch are arranged in an area where solar radiation cannot reach, the temperature sensor and the temperature protection switch monitor the temperature of the lamp field in real time and detect the temperature in the control system, once the temperature is abnormal, the temperature is more than or equal to 65 ℃, the lamp field enters a protection state, the operation is stopped, an alarm is given, and the temperature sensor needs to record data at least once every minute.
5. The adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solar intensity control system controls the solar intensity calibration device, records the service time and the switching times of the lamp, simultaneously records the service time and the switching times of the lamp tube, and detects the current of the light source.
6. The adjustable heat source test device for solar radiation and accumulated snow coupling experiments as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the solar intensity calibration device comprises a sunlight sensor and ballasts, each lamp holder is connected with one ballast, continuous and stable voltage and current are provided for two ends of the bulb according to the required radiation intensity, and power grid fluctuation and aging of the bulb in the service life are compensated.
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