CN113405487A - Rapid positioning and high-precision 3D scanning measurement method - Google Patents
Rapid positioning and high-precision 3D scanning measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113405487A CN113405487A CN202110622310.7A CN202110622310A CN113405487A CN 113405487 A CN113405487 A CN 113405487A CN 202110622310 A CN202110622310 A CN 202110622310A CN 113405487 A CN113405487 A CN 113405487A
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
Abstract
The application relates to a rapid positioning and high-precision 3D scanning measurement method, which belongs to the field of measurement methods and adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps: firstly, the method comprises the following steps: designing a 3D model of the part and forming 3D design data; II, secondly: clamping the component by using a fixed tool, and pasting mark points on the fixed tool and the component; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: scanning the component and the fixed tool by adopting a scanner to form a scanning model, and exporting and storing scanning data; fourthly, the method comprises the following steps: importing the scanning data and the 3D design data into detection software; fifthly: establishing a finished automobile coordinate system and importing the finished automobile coordinate system into detection software; sixthly, the method comprises the following steps: aligning the scanning data and the 3D design data to a coordinate system of the whole vehicle, and carrying out consistency comparison on the scanning data and the 3D design data; seventhly, the method comprises the following steps: and providing a size report, analyzing the size form of the component, and correcting the component according to the size report. The method and the device have the effects of high measurement precision and high repeatability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of measurement methods, in particular to a quick positioning and high-precision 3D scanning measurement method.
Background
Automotive composite parts refer to parts made of composite materials having designability and superior manufacturability, which are easier to form complicated smooth fillet structures and continuous integral structures than metals, and thus are generally applied to automotive non-structural parts such as automotive interiors. However, there is a dimensional deviation between the actual component and the theoretical design component, and there is a case where the mounting shaft angle is deviated in the later component mounting process, and at this time, it is necessary for the worker to specify the actual dimension of the component, and then compare it with the theoretical design dimension to correct the component.
At present, in the related art, the conventional method for measuring the dimensions of the components still adopts measuring tools such as a vernier caliper, an inner and outer diameter micrometer, a height gauge, an angle gauge, an R gauge and the like.
In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventor believes that the conventional measuring tool described above has disadvantages of low measurement accuracy and poor repeatability in detecting the dimensions of the component.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the measurement accuracy of the size of the component, the application provides a rapid positioning and high-accuracy 3D scanning measurement method, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a fast positioning and high-precision 3D scanning measurement method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: designing a 3D model of the part and forming 3D design data;
step two: clamping the component by using a fixed tool, and pasting mark points on the fixed tool and the component;
step three: scanning the component and the fixed tool by adopting a scanner to form a scanning model, and exporting and storing scanning data;
step four: importing the scanning data and the 3D design data into detection software;
step five: establishing a finished automobile coordinate system and importing the finished automobile coordinate system into detection software;
step six: aligning the scanning data and the 3D design data to a coordinate system of the whole vehicle, and carrying out consistency comparison on the scanning data and the 3D design data;
step seven: and providing a size report, analyzing the size form of the component, and correcting the component according to the size report.
By adopting the technical scheme, firstly, the part is arranged on the fixing tool, the fixing tool can support the part, the degree of deformation of the part due to gravity is reduced, the measuring accuracy is improved, if the product is not arranged on the fixing tool, the part is in a random arrangement state, the part deforms due to the influence of gravity, and the error value of the measuring result is larger; because the component needs to be installed in the whole vehicle in the actual production process, the actual scanning data of the component is aligned to the coordinate system of the whole vehicle, the installation state of the component in the coordinate system of the whole vehicle is simulated, the installation deviation of the component is confirmed, and the component is convenient for workers to correct; simultaneously, this application aligns the 3D design data of part in whole car coordinate system, consequently alright compare the scanning data and the 3D design data of part, confirms the design deviation of part, makes things convenient for the staff to the modification of part size. To sum up, this application is through with the fixed frock of part complex, and the accuracy is fixed a position the part, all imports into whole car coordinate system with part scan data and 3D design data, and the design deviation of judgement part that can be more accurate makes things convenient for the staff to the modification of part size.
Optionally, in the first step, the fixed tooling is provided with tooling reference holes, the 3D design model is provided with design reference holes which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the tooling reference holes, and the whole vehicle coordinate system is provided with theoretical reference holes which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the tooling reference holes; and step five, setting the coordinate values of the tool datum holes and the coordinate values of the design datum holes in one-to-one correspondence with the coordinate values of the theoretical datum holes.
By adopting the technical scheme, after a whole vehicle coordinate system is established in detection software, scanning data 4 are imported into the whole vehicle coordinate system, the coordinate value of the tooling datum hole corresponds to the coordinate value of the theoretical datum hole, the coordinate value of the design datum hole corresponds to the coordinate value of the theoretical datum hole, and then a scanning result is analyzed. The design benchmark hole and the setting of frock benchmark hole can accurate simulation part's mounted state in whole car coordinate system, reduce simulation error, guarantee the simulation precision to can make things convenient for the alignment of part and whole car relevant position.
Optionally, in the first step, the component is installed before the fixture is fixed, and the fixture reference hole is cleaned to ensure that no oil stain is left in the fixture reference hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when having impurity such as greasy dirt or dust in the frock locating hole, can bring measured data's noise, cause the scanning data precision low. After the tool positioning hole is cleaned, the condition that oil stains influence the installation precision of the tool positioning hole can be reduced, the installation precision of the tool positioning hole is guaranteed, the degree of alignment of the installation reference hole and the theoretical reference hole is guaranteed, installation errors are reduced, and the measurement precision is improved.
Optionally, in the step one, the component is mounted before the fixing tool, and the surface of the component is cleaned to ensure that the surface of the component is clean and free of oil stains.
By adopting the technical scheme, the surface of the product is clean and free of oil stains, the accuracy of the size of the scanning surface of the product can be guaranteed, the real state of the surface of the product is reflected, and the measurement precision is further improved.
Optionally, when the surface of the component is cleaned, the surface of the component is wiped by alcohol, and scratches on the surface of the component are avoided.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the clearance part, be stained with alcohol with soft cloth, clean the part surface gently, adopt the mode of alcohol wiping, it is convenient simple, can guarantee the cleaning nature on part surface. When oil stains or dust and other impurities exist on the surface of the component, the accuracy of scanning data is influenced, and the testing precision is influenced. But after the surface of the component is cleaned, the cleaning performance of the surface of the component can be improved, and the detection accuracy is ensured.
Optionally, in the second step, when the component is assembled with the fixing tool, the mounting state and the stress state of the component in the whole vehicle are simulated, and the component is mounted on the fixing tool according to the step of mounting the component on the whole vehicle.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the component is installed, the fixing tool is firstly placed, then the component is clamped according to the installation steps of the component, and the stress state and the installation condition of the component in the whole vehicle are simulated when the component is clamped. Because the part has a certain deformation trend, when the part is stressed too much, the part deforms, the difference between the part and the installation state of the part in the whole vehicle is larger, at the moment, the difference between the scanning result and the installation state of the part in the whole vehicle is larger, but when the installation state of the part in the whole vehicle is simulated by adopting the fixed tool, even if the part deforms, the deformation degree and the deformation trend of the part are both consistent with the deformation state and the deformation degree of the part in the whole vehicle. The setting of fixed frock can simulate the mounted state of part in whole car, makes the stress state of part in fixed frock keep unanimous with the stress state in whole car as far as, reduces the influence of installation environment to the part size, promotes the precision to component detection.
Optionally, in the second step, before the mark point is attached to the surface of the component, the scanning surface of the component is sprayed with the developer.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the surface of a workpiece with a rough surface or a dark color is scanned, the surface of the workpiece is not smooth or the contrast of the surface color display is low, so that all scanning data are difficult to obtain.
Optionally, in the second step, mark points are pasted around the fixed tool reference hole and on the surface of the component, the interval between two adjacent mark points is 60-100mm, and the mark points are fully distributed on the whole component.
By adopting the technical scheme, the interval between two adjacent mark points is 60-100mm, the accuracy of scanning data can be ensured, the efficiency of point pasting can be improved, and the mark points are saved.
Optionally, the mark points are arranged irregularly.
By adopting the technical scheme, when labeling mark points, the mark points need to be ensured to be uniform and random. The mark points are pasted into a line, the mark points are identified disorderly in the array process, the scanning dislocation condition occurs, the scanning precision is influenced, the mark points are irregularly arranged, the scanning dislocation condition can be reduced, and the scanning precision is improved.
Optionally, in the first step, the height of the scanner from the component is 25-35 cm.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the component is scanned, the distance between the scanner and the component is ensured to be 25-35cm, and the component is scanned at higher precision within the distance range.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the setting of fixed frock can simulate the mounted state of part in whole car for the stress state of part on fixed frock tends to the stress state in whole car system, promotes the accuracy and the precision that detect, makes things convenient for the later stage staff to revise the part.
2. The arrangement of the tool reference hole facilitates the alignment of the scanning data to the coordinate system of the whole vehicle; the arrangement of the design reference hole can facilitate aligning the data of the 3D data model to the coordinate system of the whole vehicle.
3. The surfaces of the reference hole and the component are clean and have no oil stains, and the detection accuracy can be further ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fixing tool in the present application.
Reference numerals: 1. fixing the tool; 11. a fixing plate; 111. a tooling datum hole; 12. a clamping assembly; 2. and (4) components.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application discloses a quick positioning and high-precision 3D scanning measurement method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
according to design requirements, a 3D model of a component 2 is designed through three-dimensional software CATIA and 3D design data are formed, the 3D design model comprises a component 2 model and three design datum holes, and the three design datum holes are arranged on the periphery of the component 2 model and distributed on the periphery of the component 2 model.
Step two:
2.1: preparing a fixing tool 1: referring to fig. 1, the fixing tool 1 includes a fixing plate 11 and a clamping assembly 12 for clamping the component 2, the fixing plate 11 is a horizontally disposed rectangular plate-shaped structure, the clamping assembly 12 is provided with a plurality of groups, the clamping assembly 12 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the fixing plate 11, and the clamping assembly 12 is annularly disposed on the periphery of the edge of the component 2. The top surface of the fixing plate 11 is provided with three tool reference holes 111, the three reference holes surround the periphery of the profile formed by the plurality of groups of clamping assemblies 12, and the three tool reference holes 111 are distributed at intervals along the periphery of the profile of the plurality of groups of clamping assemblies 12; the three tooling datum holes 111 and the three design datum holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the relative position relationship between the three tooling datum holes 111 and the component 2 is consistent with the relative position relationship between the three design datum holes and the component 2 model.
2.2: the installation state and the stress state of the component 2 in the whole vehicle are simulated by standardizing the operation and installing the component 2 on the clamping assembly 12 according to the installation state and the installation step of the component 2 in the whole vehicle.
2.3: cleaning component 2 and tooling datum hole 111: dipping soft cloth into alcohol, lightly wiping the surface of the component 2 until the surface of the component 2 is clean and free of oil stains, and spraying a developer on the surface of the component 2; dipping the soft cloth with alcohol, and lightly wiping the tool reference hole 111 until the inside of the tool reference hole 111 is clean and free of oil stains.
2.4: marking points: pasting mark points on the surface of the component 2 randomly, randomly and randomly, wherein the interval between two adjacent mark points is 80 mm; the periphery of the tooling reference hole 111 is pasted with the mark points, the periphery of each tooling reference hole 111 is pasted with four mark points, and the four mark points are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the tooling reference hole 111.
Step three:
the method comprises the steps of connecting a scanner with a working computer, starting the computer and the scanner, starting scanning software, holding the scanner by hand, keeping the distance between the scanner and a component 2 and a fixed tool 1 to be 30cm, scanning the component 2 and the fixed tool 1 to form a three-dimensional scanning model, and then exporting and storing scanning data.
Step four:
starting GOM (generic object model) inspection software, and importing scanning data into the GOM inspection software; and (4) importing the 3D design data obtained in the step one into GOM inspection software.
Step five:
designing a whole vehicle model through three-dimensional software CATIA, forming a whole vehicle coordinate system, and importing the obtained whole vehicle coordinate system into GOM (generic object model) inspection software; the whole vehicle coordinate system comprises three theoretical reference holes, and the three theoretical reference holes and the three design reference holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Step six:
aligning the scanning data and the 3D design data to a coordinate system of the whole vehicle, specifically, arranging three tool reference holes 111 and three theoretical reference holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and arranging three design reference holes and three theoretical reference holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner; and setting the coordinate values of the tool datum holes 111 and the design datum holes and the coordinate values of the theoretical datum holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and performing consistency comparison on the scanning data and the 3D design data.
Step seven:
the size report is given, the size form of the component 2 is analyzed, and the size of the component 2 is corrected according to the detection result.
By adopting the detection method, the size precision of the detection part 2 can be improved, the detection efficiency is improved, multiple rounds of rectification optimization caused by measurement deviation are reduced, and the measurement and optimization cost is saved.
The core in the application is: on one hand: the fixing tool 1 is adopted to accurately position the component 2, the mounting step of the component 2 on the whole vehicle is completely simulated when the component 2 is clamped, the stress state of the component 2 on the whole vehicle is simulated, the condition that the component 2 deforms due to environmental factors is reduced, and the size deviation of the component 2 caused by the external environment is reduced; on the other hand, this application aligns the 3D design data of part 2 and the scanning data of part 2 to whole car coordinate system, and further accurate compares theoretical data and actual data, carries out the accuracy and marks, gives follow-up optimization and provides accurate dimensional basis, makes things convenient for the correction of staff to part 2 size.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A quick positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: designing a 3D model of the component (2) and forming 3D design data;
step two: clamping the component (2) by using a fixed tool (1), and labeling mark points on the fixed tool (1) and the component (2);
step three: scanning the component (2) and the fixed tool (1) by adopting a scanner to form a scanning model, and exporting and storing scanning data;
step four: importing the scanning data and the 3D design data into detection software;
step five: establishing a finished automobile coordinate system and importing the finished automobile coordinate system into detection software;
step six: aligning the scanning data and the 3D design data to a coordinate system of the whole vehicle, and carrying out consistency comparison on the scanning data and the 3D design data;
step seven: a size report is generated, the size form of the component (2) is analyzed, and the component (2) is corrected according to the size report.
2. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, a fixture reference hole (111) is formed in the fixed fixture (1), design reference holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixture reference hole (111) are formed in the 3D design model, and theoretical reference holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the fixture reference hole (111) are formed in the whole vehicle coordinate system; in the fifth step, the coordinate value of the tool reference hole (111) and the coordinate value of the design reference hole are set in one-to-one correspondence with the coordinate value of the theoretical reference hole.
3. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the first step, the component (2) is arranged in front of the fixed tool (1), the tool reference hole (111) is cleaned, and the inside of the tool reference hole (111) is ensured to be clean and free of oil stains.
4. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the component (2) is arranged in front of the fixing tool (1), the surface of the component (2) is cleaned, and the surface of the component (2) is ensured to be clean and free of oil stains.
5. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, when the surface of the component (2) is cleaned, the surface of the component (2) is wiped by alcohol, and scratches on the surface of the component (2) are avoided.
6. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, when the component (2) is matched with the fixed tool (1), the mounting state and the stress state of the component (2) in the whole vehicle are simulated, and the component (2) is mounted on the fixed tool (1) according to the step of mounting the component (2) on the whole vehicle.
7. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, before the mark points are pasted on the surface of the component (2), the developer is sprayed on the scanning surface of the component (2).
8. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, marking points are pasted around the datum hole of the fixed tool (1), a plurality of marking points are pasted around the datum hole (111) of the tool, and the marking points around the datum hole (111) of the tool are distributed at intervals along the axis of the datum hole (111) of the tool; labeling mark points on the surface of the component (2), wherein the interval between two adjacent mark points on the surface of the component (2) is 60-100mm, and the mark points on the surface of the component (2) are distributed on the whole component (2).
9. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the marking points are arranged irregularly.
10. The fast positioning and high precision 3D scanning measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the height of the scanner from the part (2) is 25-35 cm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114777719A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-22 | 陕西飞机工业有限责任公司 | Tool detection method based on reverse scanning |
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| CN109115112A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-01-01 | 广州广汽荻原模具冲压有限公司 | A kind of scanning bracket based on photographic scanning technique and the scan method using the bracket |
| CN110345865A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-10-18 | 中铁高新工业股份有限公司 | A kind of steel construction digitizing detection method based on 3-D scanning |
| CN111299975A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-19 | 孙晓杰 | Method for improving machining efficiency of complex casting by using robot |
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2021
- 2021-06-03 CN CN202110622310.7A patent/CN113405487A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN201548209U (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-08-11 | 华南理工大学 | Auxiliary measuring device used for 3D scanner |
| CN103759696A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method for three-dimension scanning detection of inner cavity structure of cavity |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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