CN113404495A - Low-disturbance deep-sea multi-metal nodule acquisition transmission mechanism and acquisition method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-disturbance deep sea multi-metal nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism, which comprises a mining vehicle body with a closed shell, wherein the front end of the shell is respectively provided with a hydraulic transmission arm and a telescopic transmission pipe, the front end of the transmission pipe is fixedly connected with a nodule drawing shovel port, and the nodule drawing shovel port is respectively connected with two support arms of the hydraulic transmission arm; a plurality of sections of matched conveying sections are arranged in the shell, two opposite side surfaces and the top of part of the conveying sections are provided with spray heads, a storage bin is correspondingly arranged obliquely below the rear end of the tail section of the plurality of sections of conveying sections, and the storage bin is communicated with a conveying pipeline outside the shell; the lower end of the multi-section conveying belt is provided with a sludge collecting and discharging conveying section, the tail end of the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section is provided with a cleaning and sludge storing device, and a sludge discharging port is arranged below the cleaning and sludge storing device; and a filtering draining pump is arranged outside the shell. The invention also discloses a collection method using the mechanism. The invention can realize low-disturbance, green and high-efficiency collection of deep-sea polymetallic nodules.

Description

Low-disturbance deep-sea multi-metal nodule acquisition transmission mechanism and acquisition method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of deep sea mining, in particular to a low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule acquisition transmission mechanism and an acquisition method thereof.

Background

In the world, nonferrous metals are important material bases for determining the development of national economy, scientific technology and national defense construction, and are key strategic resources for improving the national comprehensive strength and ensuring the national safety.

Polymetallic nodules are an important mineral resource in deep sea, are rich in dozens of nonferrous metals such as manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, copper and the like, have huge storage capacity, and are estimated to be 3 trillion tons of world seabed polymetallic nodule resources. However, the polymetallic nodule generally exists in shallow-layer thin and soft bottom materials of three thousand to six kilometers of the sea bottom, and the mining difficulty is extremely high.

At present, relatively mature polymetallic nodule collecting equipment is mainly divided into: water jet collection and mechanical excavation. Because the multi-metal nodule is buried in deep-sea thin soft soil, the strong water flow shooting of the water jet collection type greatly disturbs the seabed, so that the thin soft soil is easy to raise and suspend, and large, active and difficult-to-settle seabed flying dust is formed. Considering that the deep sea bottom ecology is extremely fragile, large-area bottom dust will inevitably cause destructive influence on the deep sea ecological environment. Most of mechanical excavation types are low-efficiency continuous acquisition, the disturbance to the seabed environment is huge, mechanical parts are complex and are easy to clamp and damage, and the mechanical parts cannot be repaired in time under the deep water condition. In summary, it is urgently needed to provide a novel collecting device for overcoming the defects of the current deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting device, and the low-disturbance, green and efficient collection of the deep sea polymetallic nodule is realized.

Chinese patent application CN 106194191 a discloses a large-scale deep-sea-bottom multi-metal nodule collecting machine, which comprises a walking chassis, a rack, an ore collecting box, an ore collecting roller, a roller bracket, a mechanical tooth type conveying belt and a power driving system, wherein the rack is fixed on the walking chassis, the ore collecting box is fixed on the rack, the ore collecting roller is installed on the rack through the roller bracket and is located at the front end of the whole ore collecting machine in the advancing direction, the mechanical tooth type conveying belt is arranged between the ore collecting roller and the ore collecting box, the ore collecting roller is provided with collecting teeth and is used for digging up the multi-metal nodules and then delivering the dug multi-metal nodules to the mechanical tooth type conveying belt, the conveying direction of the front end of the mechanical tooth type conveying belt is from bottom to top so as to convey the multi-metal nodules into the ore collecting box, and the power driving system drives the walking chassis, the ore collecting roller and the mechanical tooth type conveying belt to move. However, this patent application has the following disadvantages: firstly, mechanical roller ore collection is easy to cause mechanical parts to be blocked, so that faults are caused; secondly, the roller mine collection excavates and reverses all the seabed surface soil, greatly disturbs the seabed environment, and inevitably causes large-area dust raising and mud suspending; finally, the name is changed, no special sludge discharge device is provided, redundant sludge cannot be discharged, and the collection efficiency is extremely low. And this application adopts special shovel formula to gather, and is extremely low to the seabed disturbance, cooperates special under-deck multistage transmission mud discharging device, can get rid of unnecessary mud dirt under the condition that does not produce a large amount of raise dusts and hang mud, realizes the high-efficient exploitation of ore under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the environmental protection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a low-disturbance deep-sea polymetallic nodule acquisition transmission mechanism and an acquisition method thereof, which can realize low-disturbance, green and efficient acquisition of deep-sea polymetallic nodules.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism comprises a mining vehicle body with a closed shell, wherein the front end of the shell of the mining vehicle body is respectively provided with a hydraulic transmission arm and a telescopic transmission pipe communicated with the interior of the shell, the front end of the telescopic transmission pipe is fixedly connected with a nodule drawing shovel port communicated with the telescopic transmission pipe, the nodule drawing shovel port is of a cylindrical structure, and two ends close to the nodule drawing shovel port are respectively connected with two support arms of the hydraulic transmission arm;

a plurality of sections of matched conveying sections are arranged in the shell, the front ends of the initial sections of the plurality of sections of conveying sections correspond to the inlet of the telescopic conveying pipe, two opposite side surfaces and the top of part of the conveying sections are provided with spray heads, and a storage bin is correspondingly arranged obliquely below the rear ends of the tail sections of the plurality of sections of conveying sections and is communicated with a conveying pipeline arranged outside the shell; the lower end of the multi-section conveying belt is correspondingly provided with a sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section which is obliquely arranged, a cleaning and sludge storing device is arranged at the tail end of the downward inclination of the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section, and a sludge discharging port is correspondingly formed in a shell below the cleaning and sludge storing device; the outer part of the shell is provided with a filtering drainage pump used for draining water in the shell at the position corresponding to the tail end of the sludge collecting, draining and conveying section.

The multisection conveying section is by preceding to back in proper order for vibration desliming conveying section, first efflux desilt conveying section, vertical promotion conveying section and secondary efflux desilt conveying section, first efflux desilt conveying section and the equal level setting of secondary efflux desilt conveying section, vibration desilt conveying section installs the back below at the export of retractable transmission pipe, the terminal slant of vibration desilt conveying section sets up down, first efflux desilt conveying section is installed in the terminal oblique below of vibration desilt conveying section, first efflux desilt conveying section, vertical promotion conveying section and secondary efflux desilt conveying section connect gradually, vertical promotion conveying section sets up for terminal slant.

The inner walls of the shell and the top of the shell on two sides of the advancing direction of the primary jet flow desilting conveying section and the secondary jet flow desilting conveying section are both provided with spray heads, and the spray heads on the two sides are arranged in a staggered and transverse mode, namely the axes of the spray heads on the two sides are not on the same straight line; the shower nozzle vertical setting at first efflux desilt conveying section top, the shower nozzle of secondary efflux desilt conveying section top sets up along the direction of advance slope downwards.

The vertical and oblique downward spray heads are provided with a plurality of rows, and the adjacent two rows of spray heads are arranged in a staggered manner.

The width of the vibration desliming conveying section, the primary jet flow desliming conveying section, the vertical lifting conveying section, the secondary jet flow desliming conveying section and the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section is close to the width of the inner cavity of the shell, and a gap is reserved between the vibration desliming conveying section and the inner wall of the shell.

The vibration desliming conveying section, first efflux desilting conveying section, vertical promotion conveying section and secondary efflux desilting conveying section all include drive chain, connect member and running gear, running gear is located the both ends of conveying section, running gear is driven by power unit, the drive chain of at least two parallels is around on the running gear at both ends, connect the member through many connections between the drive chain of parallel, and rotate along with drive chain, it is gapped between the connection member, fall through the clearance to do benefit to water and rare soft mud and drop downwards.

The connecting rod pieces are long straight metal rods, the interval between every two adjacent connecting rod pieces is 5cm, and water permeation and mud permeation of the conveying section are achieved.

The running gear homoenergetic of vibration desliming conveying section and first efflux desilt conveying section realizes the vibration of high frequency low amplitude, can drive whole vibration desliming conveying section and the vibration of first efflux desilt conveying section, makes the many metal tuberculosis and the rare soft mud that move to vibration desliming conveying section and first efflux desilt conveying section on realize the separation.

The sludge collecting, discharging and separating conveying section comprises transmission chains, connecting rod pieces, a conveying belt and rotating gears, the rotating gears are located at two end portions of the conveying section and driven by a power mechanism, at least two parallel transmission chains are wound on the rotating gears at the two end portions and connected through a plurality of connecting rod pieces, the conveying belt is installed on the upper portion of each transmission chain, the rotating gears drive the transmission chains to rotate clockwise, and meanwhile, the conveying belt arranged on the transmission chains also rotates clockwise.

The main body of the hydraulic transmission arm is composed of three telescopic hydraulic mechanical arms, and the position of the tuberculosis shovel port can be adjusted through the hydraulic mechanical arms, including the height above the ground, the shovel angle and the like.

The front end opening of the tuberculosis shovel port is of a downward-inclined shovel-shaped structure, the height of the gap of the opening of the tuberculosis shovel port is 25-40cm in consideration of the occurrence depth of the multi-metal tuberculosis, and the deep-sea-bottom multi-metal tuberculosis occurrence layer can be shoveled into the mining equipment.

Both sides of the tuberculosis suction shovel opening are closed side plates, disturbance to seabed weak soil can be reduced in the mud shoveling process, the weak soil is prevented from rolling to both sides, and seabed dust is effectively reduced.

A low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting transmission mechanism collecting method comprises the following steps:

1) mining along the movement direction, a nodule drawing shovel port of the mining vehicle shovels the polymetallic nodules on the sea bottom, and the polymetallic nodules are conveyed to a vibration desliming conveying section through a telescopic conveying pipe by the reaction force of forward movement of mining equipment; the thin and soft mud which falls off through high-frequency low-amplitude vibration falls into a sludge collection, discharge and conveying section, and the multi-metal nodules which are preliminarily deslimed are continuously conveyed to the next working section;

2) the polymetallic nodules are transported to a primary jet flow desilting conveying section, the polymetallic nodules and the thin soft mud are further separated through vibration of the whole primary jet flow desilting conveying section, and the fallen thin soft mud falls into a sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section;

3) the left and right transverse desilting nozzles of the primary jet desilting conveying section jet transverse high-pressure water flow to wash the attached thin soft mud on the multi-metal nodule, and the thin soft mud falls into the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section after falling off; the vertical desilting nozzles above the primary jet desilting conveying section jet vertical high-pressure water flow to wash the attached thin soft mud on the polymetallic nodules, the thin soft mud falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section after falling off, and the polymetallic nodules further subjected to desilting are continuously conveyed to the next working section;

4) the multi-metal nodules are transported to the vertical lifting conveying section, the thin and soft mud attached to the multi-metal nodules further falls off and falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section, and the multi-metal nodules further subjected to mud removal are continuously conveyed to the next working section;

5) the multi-metal nodule is transported to a secondary jet flow desilting conveying section, transverse desilting nozzles at two sides of the secondary jet flow desilting conveying section spray transverse high-pressure water flow to wash the thin soft mud attached to the multi-metal nodule, and the thin soft mud falls into a sludge collecting and discharging conveying section after falling off; the mud removing spray head obliquely behind the upper part of the secondary jet mud removing conveying section sprays high-pressure water flow obliquely behind to wash the thin soft mud attached to the multi-metal nodules, the thin soft mud falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section after falling off, and the multi-metal nodules are transported backwards under the action of the high-pressure water flow and the connecting rod pieces;

6) transporting the polymetallic nodules into a storage bin;

7) transporting the multi-metal nodules to a transport ship on the sea surface through a delivery pipeline;

8) the sludge collected by the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section is conveyed to the sludge cleaning and storing device through the conveying belt in the process, when the sludge stored on the sludge cleaning and storing device is accumulated to a certain amount, the sludge cleaning and storing device can be automatically opened downwards, and the deposited sludge can be discharged from the mining truck body.

Compared with the traditional jet flow scouring mining mode, the jet flow scouring mining device adopts a fully-closed streamline shell structure, the jet flow scouring mud cleaning is continuously carried out in the whole transportation process, and the whole jet flow scouring mud cleaning process is completely carried out in the fully-closed streamline shell, so that the dust raising problem can be better solved, and the innovation point and the advantage point of the jet flow scouring mining device are also the points.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal flow field of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the direction of movement of ore according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a tuberculosis extraction shovel port according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal components of the conveyor belt of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the vibratory desliming conveyor section of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the primary jet desliming transport section of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a top view of a vertically elevated conveying section of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a top view of the secondary jet desilting transport section of the present invention;

the system comprises a hydraulic transmission arm 1, a nodule pumping shovel port 2, a telescopic transmission pipe 3, a vibration desliming transmission section 4, a primary jet flow desilting transmission section 5, a vertical lifting transmission section 6, a secondary jet flow desilting transmission section 7, a sludge collecting, discharging and transmitting section 8, a transverse desilting spray head 9, a vertical desilting spray head 10, a storage bin 11, a material conveying pipeline 12, a filtering and draining pump 13, a cleaning and storing device 14, a rotating gear 15, a transmission chain 16 and a connecting rod piece 17.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

The structure, proportion, size and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so that the person skilled in the art can understand and read the description, and the description is not used for limiting the limit condition of the implementation of the invention, so the method has no technical essence, and any structural modification, proportion relation change or size adjustment still falls within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed by the invention without affecting the effect and the achievable purpose of the invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-9, a low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting transmission mechanism, one end of a hydraulic transmission arm 1 is installed on a nodule extraction shovel port 2, the other end is installed on a mining equipment shell, a main body of the hydraulic transmission arm 1 is composed of three telescopic hydraulic mechanical arms, and the position of the nodule extraction shovel port 2 can be adjusted through the hydraulic mechanical arms, including the height above the ground, the extraction shovel angle and the like. As shown in figure 4, the front side of the tuberculosis suction shovel port 2 is an inclined shovel with a certain angle, the height of the gap between the openings of the tuberculosis suction shovel port 2 is 25-40cm in consideration of the occurrence depth of the multi-metal tuberculosis, the deep-sea-bottom multi-metal tuberculosis occurrence layer can be sucked and shoveled into the mining equipment, the two sides of the tuberculosis suction shovel port 2 are closed side plates, disturbance to the seabed weak soil can be reduced in the mud shoveling process, the weak soil is prevented from rolling to the two sides, and the seabed dust can be effectively reduced.

The tuberculosis suction shovel port 2 is arranged in front of the telescopic transmission pipe 3; one end of a telescopic conveying pipe 3 is arranged behind the nodule shovel port 2, and the other end of the telescopic conveying pipe is arranged on the mining equipment shell. The telescopic transmission pipe 3 is a flexible pipe which can be telescopic, and the telescopic transmission pipe 3 can move along with the movement of the tuberculosis shovel port 2.

As shown in fig. 1 and 6, the vibrating desliming conveying section 4 is installed behind the telescopic conveying pipe 3 and is in a downward inclined direction; the vibrating desliming conveying section 4 is a conveying device with the direction inclined downwards, the conveying device is composed of a transmission chain, a connecting rod piece and a rotating gear, the two ends of the connecting rod piece are connected with the transmission chain, and the rotating gear drives the transmission chain to rotate clockwise. The width of the vibratory desliming conveying section 4 is close to the width of the inner side wall of the mining vehicle, a small gap is left between the left side and the right side of the vibratory desliming conveying section 4 and the side wall of the mining vehicle, and the vibratory desliming conveying section 4 is not directly connected with the inner side wall of the mining vehicle. The connecting rod pieces are long straight metal rods, the interval between every two adjacent connecting rod pieces is preferably 5cm, and water and mud permeation of the conveying section is achieved. The rotating gear can realize high-frequency low-amplitude vibration and can drive the whole vibrating desliming conveying section 4 to vibrate, so that the polymetallic nodules and the thin soft mud moving to the vibrating desliming conveying section 4 are primarily separated. The multi-metal nodules which are subjected to preliminary desliming are continuously conveyed to the next working section, and the thin and soft mud which is separated by high-frequency low-amplitude vibration falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section 8.

As shown in fig. 1 and 7, the primary jet flow desilting conveying section 5 is installed behind the vibrating desilting conveying section 4 and is horizontal in direction; the primary jet flow desilting conveying section 5 is a conveying device with the horizontal direction, the conveying device is composed of a transmission chain, a connecting rod piece and a rotating gear, the two ends of the connecting rod piece are connected with the transmission chain, and the rotating gear drives the transmission chain to rotate clockwise.

The width of the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 is close to the width of the inner side wall of the mining vehicle, a small gap is reserved between the left side and the right side of the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 and the side wall of the mining vehicle, and the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 is not directly connected with the inner side wall of the mining vehicle. The connecting rod pieces are long straight metal rods, the interval between every two adjacent connecting rod pieces is 5cm, and water and mud permeation of the conveying section is achieved.

The rotating gear can realize high-frequency low-amplitude vibration, and can drive the whole primary jet flow desilting conveying section 5 to vibrate, so that the polymetallic nodule and the rare soft mud moving to the primary jet flow desilting conveying section 5 are further separated. The further deslimed polymetallic nodules are continuously conveyed to the next working section, and the thin and soft mud which is peeled off through high-frequency low-amplitude vibration falls into the sludge collection and discharge conveying section 8.

As shown in fig. 1 and 8, the vertical lifting conveying section 6 is arranged behind the primary jet flow desilting conveying section 5 and is in an oblique upward direction; the vertical lifting conveying section 6 is a device which is obliquely upward in one direction and consists of a transmission chain, a connecting rod piece and a rotating gear, wherein the two ends of the connecting rod piece are connected with the transmission chain, and the rotating gear drives the transmission chain to rotate clockwise.

The width of the vertical lifting conveying section 6 is close to the width of the inner side wall of the mining vehicle, smaller gaps are left between the left side and the right side of the vertical lifting conveying section 6 and the side wall of the mining vehicle, and the vertical lifting conveying section 6 is not directly connected with the inner side wall of the mining vehicle. The connecting rod pieces are long straight metal rods, the interval between every two adjacent connecting rod pieces is preferably 3-5cm, and water and mud permeation of the conveying section is realized. The further deslimed polymetallic nodules are continuously conveyed to the next working section, and the deslimed thin sludge falls into the sludge collection and discharge conveying section 8.

As shown in fig. 1 and 9, the secondary jet desilting conveying section 7 is installed behind the vertical lifting conveying section 6 and is horizontal; the secondary jet flow desilting conveying section 7 is a device which is horizontal in one direction and comprises a transmission chain, a connecting rod piece and a rotating gear, wherein the two ends of the connecting rod piece are connected with the transmission chain, and the rotating gear drives the transmission chain to rotate clockwise.

The width of the secondary jet desilting conveying section 7 is close to the width of the inner side wall of the mining vehicle, smaller gaps are reserved between the left side and the right side of the secondary jet desilting conveying section 7 and the side wall of the mining vehicle, and the secondary jet desilting conveying section 7 is not directly connected with the inner side wall of the mining vehicle. The connecting rod pieces are long straight metal rods, the interval between every two adjacent connecting rod pieces is preferably 5cm, and water and mud permeation of the conveying section is achieved. The further deslimed polymetallic nodules are continuously conveyed to the next working section, and the deslimed thin sludge falls into the sludge collection and discharge conveying section 8.

The sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section 8 is arranged below the vibrating desliming conveying section 4, the primary jet flow desilting conveying section 5, the vertical lifting conveying section 6 and the secondary jet flow desilting conveying section 7 in an obliquely downward direction; the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section 8 is a device which is obliquely downward in one direction and consists of a transmission chain, a connecting rod piece, a conveying belt and a rotating gear, wherein the transmission chain is connected with two ends of the connecting rod piece, and the rotating gear drives the transmission chain to rotate clockwise. Meanwhile, the conveyor belt arranged on the conveyor chain also rotates clockwise.

The width of the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section 8 is close to the width of the inner side wall of the mining vehicle, a small gap is left between the left side and the right side of the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section 8 and the side wall of the mining vehicle, and the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section 8 is not directly connected with the inner side wall of the mining vehicle. The sludge collection and discharge conveying section 8 can collect the thin and soft sludge falling from the upper device and discharge the thin and soft sludge to the cleaning and sludge storage device 14 through the conveying belt.

The transverse desilting nozzle 9 is arranged above the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 and the secondary jet desilting conveying section 7, and the direction is transverse; the high-pressure jet nozzles of the transverse desilting sprayer 9 and the vertical desilting sprayer 10 are arranged at intervals and are used for flushing the attached dilute and soft mud on the multi-metal nodule by spraying high-pressure water flow. The vertical desilting sprayer 10 is arranged right above the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 and the secondary jet desilting conveying section 7, wherein the vertical desilting sprayer 10 above the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 is downward in direction, and the vertical desilting sprayer 10 above the secondary jet desilting conveying section 7 is obliquely backward in direction;

horizontal desilting shower nozzles 9 are arranged on the side wall of the mining vehicle inside on the two sides of the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 at intervals, the high-pressure jet nozzles scour the attached thin soft mud on the multi-metal nodule through spraying horizontal high-pressure water flow, and the thin soft mud falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section 8 after falling off.

Vertical desilting spray heads 10 are arranged above the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 at intervals, the jet nozzles wash attached thin soft mud on the polymetallic nodule through spraying vertical water flow, and the thin soft mud falls into a sludge collecting and discharging conveying section 8 after falling off.

The inside lateral wall of mining car of secondary efflux desilt transfer section 7 both sides has horizontal desilt shower nozzle 9 to go up the interval arrangement, and high-pressure jet nozzle is through spraying adnexed rare soft mud on the horizontal high-pressure rivers washout many metal nodule, falls into mud collection after the rare soft mud drops off and removes transfer section 8.

The vertical desilting shower nozzle 10 at slant rear has been arranged to the top interval of secondary efflux desilting transfer section 7, and high-pressure jet nozzle erodees adnexed rare soft mud on the many metal tuberculosis through spraying high-pressure rivers, falls into mud collection and discharges and leave transfer section 8 after rare soft mud falls off, and simultaneously, the high-pressure rivers at slant rear are rushed many metal tuberculosis to feed bin 11 the inside.

The bin 11 is arranged obliquely behind the secondary jet flow desilting conveying section 7; the storage bin 11 is a water-permeable and mud-permeable cuboid structure and plays a role in storing multi-metal nodules. The thin and soft mud attached to the multi-metal nodules in the bin 11 can fall into the sludge collection and discharge conveying section 8 and the cleaning and mud storage device 14 through the bin 11.

The material conveying pipeline 12 is arranged behind the storage bin 11; the feed line 12 is a device for transporting multi-metal nodules, one end of which is connected to the silo 11 and the other end is connected to the work ship on the sea surface.

The filtering and draining pump 13 is arranged behind the sludge collecting and draining conveying section 8 and below the storage bin 11; the filtered drain pump 13 discharges the water in the mining equipment to the lower right by draining, and the thin and soft mud can be better discharged out of the mining equipment.

The cleaning and sludge storage device 14 is installed behind the sludge collection and discharge conveying section 8 and below the filtering and drainage pump 13. The sludge cleaning and storing device 14 can clean and collect the attached soft sludge on the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section 8, and when the amount of the soft sludge stored on the sludge cleaning and storing device 14 reaches a certain amount, the sludge cleaning and storing device 14 rotates downwards to discharge the deposited soft sludge out of the mining equipment.

The mining vehicle adopts a closed streamline shell design, the nodule drawing shovel port 2 is a polymetallic nodule collecting area, and a sludge discharge port convenient for discharging the thin and soft sludge is arranged below the cleaning and sludge storage device 14.

As shown in fig. 2, a schematic view of the flow field inside the mining apparatus can be seen.

As shown in figures 1-3, the collection method of the low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collection transmission mechanism,

the mining equipment shown in fig. 1 carries out mining operation along the moving direction, a nodule drawing and shoveling port 2 of the mining vehicle shovels the polymetallic nodule on the seabed, and the reaction force of the forward movement of the mining equipment transports the polymetallic nodule to a vibration desliming conveying section 4 through a telescopic conveying pipe 3.

Many metal nodules are transported to vibration desliming conveying section 4, and the running gear on vibration desliming conveying section 4 can realize the vibration of high frequency low amplitude, can drive the vibration of whole vibration desliming conveying section 4, makes and moves many metal nodules and the realization initial segregation of rare soft mud on vibration desliming conveying section 4. The thin and soft mud which falls off through high-frequency low-amplitude vibration falls into the sludge collection, discharge and conveying section 8, and the multi-metal nodules which are preliminarily deslimed are continuously conveyed to the next working section.

Next, many metal nodules transport first efflux desilt conveying section 5, and the running gear on the first efflux desilt conveying section 5 can realize the low amplitude vibration of high frequency, can drive the vibration of whole first efflux desilt conveying section 5, makes the many metal nodules and the rare soft mud that move to on the first efflux desilt conveying section 5 realize further separation, and the rare soft mud that drops through the low amplitude vibration of high frequency falls into mud collection and discharges from conveying section 8. Horizontal desilting shower nozzles 9 are arranged on the side wall of the mining vehicle at intervals on the left side and the right side of the primary jet desilting conveying section 5, the high-pressure jet nozzles scour the attached dilute sludge on the multi-metal nodule by spraying horizontal high-pressure water flow, and the dilute sludge falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section 8 after falling off. Vertical desilting spray heads 10 are arranged above the primary jet desilting conveying section 5 at intervals, the high-pressure jet nozzles scour the attached dilute sludge on the multi-metal nodules by spraying vertical high-pressure water flow, the dilute sludge falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section 8 after falling off, and the multi-metal nodules further subjected to desilting are continuously conveyed to the next working section.

Then, the polymetallic nodules are transported to the vertical lifting conveying section 6, the attached thin and soft mud on the polymetallic nodules further falls off and falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section 8, and the polymetallic nodules further subjected to mud removal are continuously conveyed to the next working section.

Next, many metal nodules are transported to secondary efflux desilt conveying section 7, and the top interval arrangement of secondary efflux desilt conveying section 7 has horizontal desilt shower nozzle 9, and high-pressure jet nozzle is through spouting adnexed rare mud on the horizontal high-pressure rivers washout many metal nodules, falls into mud collection after the rare mud falls off and discharges from conveying section 8. The vertical desilting shower nozzle 10 at slant rear has been arranged to the top interval of secondary efflux desilting transfer section 7, and high-pressure jet nozzle washes attached rare soft mud on the many metal concretions through the high-pressure rivers that spray slant rear, falls into mud collection and discharges from transfer section 8 after rare soft mud falls off, and many metal concretions are transported to the rear under the effect of high-pressure rivers and transportation pole.

Next, the polymetallic nodules are transported into a silo 11.

Next, the polymetallic nodules are transported via the delivery pipeline 12 to a transport vessel on the sea surface.

In the above process, the sludge collected by the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section 8 is conveyed to the sludge cleaning and storing device 14 through the conveying belt, when the sludge stored on the sludge cleaning and storing device 14 is accumulated to a certain amount, the sludge cleaning and storing device 14 is automatically opened downwards, and the deposited sludge is discharged from the mining equipment.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism is characterized by comprising a mining vehicle body with a closed shell, wherein the front end of the shell of the mining vehicle body is respectively provided with a hydraulic transmission arm and a telescopic transmission pipe communicated with the interior of the shell, the front end of the telescopic transmission pipe is fixedly connected with a nodule drawing shovel port communicated with the telescopic transmission pipe, the nodule drawing shovel port is of a cylindrical structure, and two ends close to the nodule drawing shovel port are respectively connected with two support arms of the hydraulic transmission arm;

a plurality of sections of matched conveying sections are arranged in the shell, the front ends of the initial sections of the plurality of sections of conveying sections correspond to the inlet of the telescopic conveying pipe, two opposite side surfaces and the top of part of the conveying sections are provided with spray heads, and a storage bin is correspondingly arranged obliquely below the rear ends of the tail sections of the plurality of sections of conveying sections and is communicated with a conveying pipeline arranged outside the shell; the lower end of the multi-section conveying belt is correspondingly provided with a sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section which is obliquely arranged, a cleaning and sludge storing device is arranged at the tail end of the downward inclination of the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section, and a sludge discharging port is correspondingly formed in a shell below the cleaning and sludge storing device; the outer part of the shell is provided with a filtering drainage pump used for draining water in the shell at the position corresponding to the tail end of the sludge collecting, draining and conveying section.

2. The low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the multi-section conveying section comprises a vibration desliming conveying section, a primary jet desliming conveying section, a vertical lifting conveying section and a secondary jet desliming conveying section from front to back in sequence, the primary jet desliming conveying section and the secondary jet desliming conveying section are both horizontally arranged, the vibration desliming conveying section is arranged behind and below an outlet of a telescopic conveying pipe, the tail end of the vibration desliming conveying section is obliquely arranged downwards, the primary jet desliming conveying section is arranged obliquely below the tail end of the vibration desliming conveying section, the primary jet desliming conveying section, the vertical lifting conveying section and the secondary jet desliming conveying section are sequentially connected, and the vertical lifting conveying section is arranged obliquely upwards.

3. The low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism of claim 2, wherein the inner wall and the top of the shell on both sides of the advancing direction of the primary jet flow desilting conveying section and the secondary jet flow desilting conveying section are provided with spray heads, and the spray heads on both sides are arranged transversely in a staggered mode, namely, the axes of the spray heads on both sides are not on the same straight line; the spray head at the top of the primary jet flow desilting conveying section is vertically arranged, and the spray head at the top of the secondary jet flow desilting conveying section is obliquely arranged downwards along the advancing direction; the vertical and oblique downward spray heads are provided with a plurality of rows, and the adjacent two rows of spray heads are arranged in a staggered manner.

4. The low disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and driving mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein the widths of the vibration desliming conveying section, the primary jet desliming conveying section, the vertical lifting conveying section, the secondary jet desliming conveying section and the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section are all close to the width of the inner cavity of the shell, and have a gap with the inner wall of the shell.

5. The low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the vibration desliming transmitting section, the primary jet desliming transmitting section, the vertical lifting transmitting section and the secondary jet desliming transmitting section comprise transmission chains, connecting rod pieces and rotating gears, the rotating gears are positioned at two end parts of the transmitting section and driven by a power mechanism, at least two parallel transmission chains are wound on the rotating gears at the two end parts, the parallel transmission chains are connected through a plurality of connecting rod pieces and rotate along with the transmission chains, and gaps are formed among the connecting rod pieces so as to facilitate water and soft mud to fall down through the gaps.

6. The low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism of claim 5, wherein the connecting rod is a long straight metal rod, the rotating gears of the vibration desilting conveying section and the primary jet desilting conveying section can realize high-frequency low-amplitude vibration, and the whole vibration desilting conveying section and the primary jet desilting conveying section can be driven to vibrate, so that the polymetallic nodule moving to the vibration desilting conveying section and the primary jet desilting conveying section is separated from the thin soft mud.

7. The low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the sludge collecting, discharging and transmitting section comprises transmission chains, connecting rod pieces, transmission belts and rotating gears, the rotating gears are positioned at two end parts of the transmitting section, the rotating gears are driven by a power mechanism, at least two parallel transmission chains are wound on the rotating gears at the two end parts, the parallel transmission chains are connected through a plurality of connecting rod pieces, the transmission belts are installed at the upper parts of the transmission chains, the rotating gears drive the transmission chains to rotate clockwise, and meanwhile, the transmission belts arranged on the transmission chains also rotate clockwise.

8. The low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and driving mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the main body of the hydraulic driving arm is composed of three telescopic hydraulic mechanical arms, and the position of a nodule drawing shovel opening, including the height above the ground and the drawing shovel angle, is adjusted through the hydraulic mechanical arms.

9. The low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collecting and transmitting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the opening at the front end of the nodule drawing shovel port is a downward-inclined shovel-shaped structure, the gap height of the opening of the nodule drawing shovel port is 25-40cm, and the deep sea bottom polymetallic nodule occurrence layer can be drawn and shoveled into the mining vehicle body; both sides of the tuberculosis suction shovel opening are closed side plates, disturbance to seabed weak soil is reduced in the mud shoveling process, the weak soil is prevented from rolling to both sides, and seabed dust is effectively reduced.

10. A collection method of a low-disturbance deep sea polymetallic nodule collection transmission mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) mining along the movement direction, a nodule drawing shovel port of the mining vehicle shovels the polymetallic nodules on the sea bottom, and the polymetallic nodules are conveyed to a vibration desliming conveying section through a telescopic conveying pipe by the reaction force of forward movement of mining equipment; the thin and soft mud which falls off through high-frequency low-amplitude vibration falls into a sludge collection, discharge and conveying section, and the multi-metal nodules which are preliminarily deslimed are continuously conveyed to the next working section;

2) the polymetallic nodules are transported to a primary jet flow desilting conveying section, the polymetallic nodules and the thin soft mud are further separated through vibration of the whole primary jet flow desilting conveying section, and the fallen thin soft mud falls into a sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section;

3) the left and right transverse desilting nozzles of the primary jet desilting conveying section jet transverse high-pressure water flow to wash the attached thin soft mud on the multi-metal nodule, and the thin soft mud falls into the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section after falling off; the vertical desilting nozzles above the primary jet desilting conveying section jet vertical high-pressure water flow to wash the attached thin soft mud on the polymetallic nodules, the thin soft mud falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section after falling off, and the polymetallic nodules further subjected to desilting are continuously conveyed to the next working section;

4) the multi-metal nodules are transported to the vertical lifting conveying section, the thin and soft mud attached to the multi-metal nodules further falls off and falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section, and the multi-metal nodules further subjected to mud removal are continuously conveyed to the next working section;

5) the multi-metal nodule is transported to a secondary jet flow desilting conveying section, transverse desilting nozzles at two sides of the secondary jet flow desilting conveying section spray transverse high-pressure water flow to wash the thin soft mud attached to the multi-metal nodule, and the thin soft mud falls into a sludge collecting and discharging conveying section after falling off; the mud removing spray head obliquely behind the upper part of the secondary jet mud removing conveying section sprays high-pressure water flow obliquely behind to wash the thin soft mud attached to the multi-metal nodules, the thin soft mud falls into the sludge collecting and discharging conveying section after falling off, and the multi-metal nodules are transported backwards under the action of the high-pressure water flow and the connecting rod pieces;

6) transporting the polymetallic nodules into a storage bin;

7) transporting the multi-metal nodules to a transport ship on the sea surface through a delivery pipeline;

8) the sludge collected by the sludge collecting, discharging and conveying section is conveyed to the sludge cleaning and storing device through the conveying belt in the process, when the sludge stored on the sludge cleaning and storing device is accumulated to a certain amount, the sludge cleaning and storing device can be automatically opened downwards, and the deposited sludge can be discharged from the mining truck body.

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