CN113403691B - Machine-harvested cotton cleaning process - Google Patents
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- CN113403691B CN113403691B CN202110650296.1A CN202110650296A CN113403691B CN 113403691 B CN113403691 B CN 113403691B CN 202110650296 A CN202110650296 A CN 202110650296A CN 113403691 B CN113403691 B CN 113403691B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
- D01B1/02—Separating vegetable fibres from seeds, e.g. cotton
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Abstract
The invention discloses a machine-harvested cotton cleaning process, which sequentially processes machine-harvested cotton through a cotton feeder, a seed cotton pre-cleaner, a heavy impurity separator, a first discharger, a three-filament machine, a primary drying system, a primary boll-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, a secondary drying system, a secondary boll-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, a lower air suction seed cleaner, a cotton-distributing auger, a cotton gin, an airflow hull cleaner, a sawtooth hull cleaner, a cotton-collecting dust-collecting auger and a packing machine. The technical effects achieved are as follows: the seed cotton cleaning machine has the advantages that key problems such as a seed cotton cleaning process are researched, the current situation of mechanical cotton picking processing is combined, the novel cotton boll cleaning machine and the novel leaf cleaning machine are provided, the combined type combined cleaning machine shortens a mechanical cotton picking processing flow, avoids repeated damage of the machine to the length of seed cotton, reduces workload of manual cleaning of impurity discharging ports of the machine, and can bring more economic benefits to cotton enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cotton processing, in particular to a machine-harvested cotton cleaning process.
Background
The cotton planting density in China is high, and the excessive planting mode brings a plurality of problems to the seed cotton cleaning work. At present, mechanical picking modes are mostly used for picking Xinjiang cotton, and due to the fact that the Xinjiang cotton is planted densely, a plurality of cotton branches, cotton leaves and boll shells cannot fall off and are picked along with unginned cotton; therefore, the impurity content of the seed cotton purchased by cotton processing enterprises can reach more than 20 percent, which increases the burden of the seed cotton cleaning work.
At present, the seed cotton pretreatment processing process flow of cotton processing enterprises in China is long, and the seed cotton pretreatment processing process mainly reflects in the aspects of diversification and complication of seed cotton cleaning equipment and the like; the pretreated seed cotton has poor consistency, high impurity content and large damage to cotton fibers, and the quality of the final ginned cotton product is seriously influenced; especially in the later stage of processing, the Xinjiang weather is cold, and the processing personnel body is cold lazy to move, and the machine is arranged miscellaneous position and is blockked up unmanned clearance by impurity, equals invalid idle running, does not reach the effect of unginned cotton clearance at all.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a machine-harvested cotton cleaning process to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
according to the first aspect of the invention, the machine-harvested cotton is processed and treated by a cotton feeder, a seed cotton pre-cleaner, a heavy impurity separator, a first discharger, a three-wire machine, a primary drying system, a primary boll-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, a secondary drying system, a secondary boll-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, a lower air-suction seed cleaner, a cotton-distributing auger, a cotton gin, an airflow hull cleaner, a sawtooth hull cleaner, a cotton dust collector and a packer in sequence.
Further, the cotton feeder, the unginned cotton precleaner, heavy miscellaneous separator, first tripper, three silk machines, one-level drying system, one-level bell negative pressure combination formula unginned cotton cleaning unit, second grade drying system, second grade bell negative pressure combination formula unginned cotton cleaning unit, the seed cleaner that induced drafts down, join in marriage the cotton auger, the gin, the air current skin cleaner, the sawtooth skin cleaner, the collection cotton dirt dragon and the baling press connects gradually.
Further, the primary drying system comprises a second discharger, a first electric drying unit and a first drying tower, wherein an inlet of the second discharger is communicated with the three-wire machine, an outlet of the second discharger is communicated with an inlet of the first electric drying unit, an outlet of the first electric drying unit is communicated with the upper end of the first drying tower, and an outlet of the lower end of the first drying tower is communicated with the primary ring-removing negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit.
Furthermore, the primary bell-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit comprises a third discharger, a first clean seed cleaner and a first airflow leaf cleaner, an inlet of the third discharger is connected with an outlet at the lower end of the first drying tower, an outlet of the third discharger is connected with an inlet of the first clean seed cleaner, an outlet of the first clean seed cleaner is connected with an inlet of the first airflow leaf cleaner, and an outlet of the first airflow leaf cleaner is connected with the secondary drying system.
Further, the secondary drying system comprises a fourth discharger, a second electric dryer and a second drying tower, an outlet of the first airflow leaf removing machine is connected with an inlet of the fourth discharger, an outlet of the fourth discharger is communicated with an inlet of the second electric dryer, an outlet of the second electric dryer is communicated with the upper end of the second drying tower, and an outlet at the lower end of the second drying tower is communicated with the secondary bell cleaning negative pressure combined type seed cotton cleaning unit.
Furthermore, the secondary bell-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit comprises a fifth discharger, a second clean seed cleaner and a second airflow leaf cleaner, wherein an inlet of the fifth discharger is connected with an outlet at the lower end of the second drying tower, an outlet of the fifth discharger is connected with an inlet of the second clean seed cleaner, an outlet of the second clean seed cleaner is connected with an inlet of the second airflow leaf cleaner, and an outlet of the second airflow leaf cleaner is connected with the lower air suction seed cleaner.
Further, the saw-tooth leather cleaning machine further comprises a four-way valve, and the cotton gin is respectively connected with the saw-tooth leather cleaning machine through the four-way valve.
Further, the airflow lint picker is an S-shaped airflow lint picker.
Furthermore, the airflow skin cleaning machine is divided into a plurality of groups.
Further, the heavy impurity separator is a centrifugal heavy impurity cleaning machine.
Furthermore, the saw tooth skin cleaning machine is a plurality of groups.
The invention has the following advantages: according to the machine-harvested cotton cleaning process, key problems such as seed cotton cleaning process and the like are researched, and a novel boll cleaning machine and a novel leaf cleaning machine are released by combining the current situation of machine-harvested cotton processing, and the two combined cleaning machines are combined, so that the machine-harvested cotton processing flow is shortened, the seed cotton length is prevented from being damaged for many times by the machine, the workload of manually cleaning the impurity discharge port of the machine is reduced, and more economic benefits can be brought to cotton enterprises; the concrete points are as follows:
1. the equipment investment is reduced, and the electric charge is saved;
2. the quality of the seed cotton is improved, and the grade of the cotton is increased;
3. the equipment has high running efficiency, the failure rate is almost zero, no special person is needed to take care and clean, and the wind power impurity removal replaces manual impurity removal;
4. because the seed cotton cleaning process flow adopts negative pressure impurity suction, the dust content discharged in a workshop and in the atmosphere is superior to that of the traditional process, and the working environment of cotton processing personnel is improved;
5. the principle of removing heavy impurities first and then removing fine impurities is followed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary and that other implementation drawings may be derived from the provided drawings by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the whole system of a machine-harvested cotton cleaning process according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial block diagram of a machine-harvested cotton cleaning process according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial block diagram of a machine harvested cotton cleaning process according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial block diagram of a machine harvested cotton cleaning process according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a partial block diagram of a machine harvested cotton cleaning process according to some embodiments of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the cotton feeder, 2, a seed cotton pre-cleaning machine, 3, a heavy impurity separator, 4, a first discharger, 5, a three-silk machine, 6, a second discharger, 7, a first electric drying machine, 8, a first drying tower, 9, a third discharger, 10, a first seed-cleaning machine, 11, a first airflow leaf-cleaning machine, 12, a fourth discharger, 13, a second electric drying machine, 14, a second drying tower, 15, a fifth discharger, 16, a second seed-cleaning machine, 17, a second airflow leaf-cleaning machine, 18, a lower air-suction seed-cleaning machine, 19, a cotton distribution auger, 20, a cotton gin, 21, an airflow peel-cleaning machine, 22, a four-way valve, 23, a sawtooth peel-cleaning machine, 24, a cotton dust-collecting dragon, 25 and a packing machine.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in the machine-harvested cotton cleaning process in the first embodiment of the present invention, the machine-harvested cotton is sequentially processed by a cotton feeder 1, a seed cotton pre-cleaner 2, a heavy impurity separator 3, a first discharger 4, a three-filament machine 5, a primary drying system, a primary boll-cleaning negative pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, a secondary drying system, a secondary boll-cleaning negative pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, a lower air suction seed cleaner 18, a cotton distribution auger 19, a cotton gin 20, an airflow hull cleaner 21, a saw-toothed hull cleaner 23, a cotton dust collector 24 and a packer 25.
In the above embodiment, it should be noted that the cotton feeder 1, the seed cotton pre-cleaner 2, the heavy impurity separator 3, the first discharger 4, the three-wire machine 5, the primary drying system, the primary boll-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, the secondary drying system, the secondary boll-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, the lower air-suction seed cleaner 18, the cotton distribution auger 19, the cotton gin 20, the airflow skin cleaner 21, the sawtooth skin cleaner 23, the cotton collecting dust dragon 24 and the baler 25 are connected in sequence.
The technical effects achieved by the above embodiment are as follows: according to the machine-harvested cotton cleaning process, key problems such as a seed cotton cleaning process are researched, a novel boll cleaning machine and a novel leaf cleaning machine are provided by combining the current situation of machine-harvested cotton processing, and the combined cleaning machine of the novel boll cleaning machine and the novel leaf cleaning machine shortens the machine-harvested cotton processing flow, avoids repeated damage of the machine to the seed cotton length, reduces the workload of manually cleaning the impurity discharging port of the machine, and can bring more economic benefits to cotton enterprises; the concrete points are as follows: the equipment investment is reduced, and the electric charge is saved; the quality of the seed cotton is improved, and the grade of the cotton is increased; the equipment has high running efficiency, the failure rate is almost zero, no special person is needed to take care and clean, and the wind power impurity removal replaces manual impurity removal; because the seed cotton cleaning process flow adopts negative pressure impurity suction, the dust content discharged in a workshop and in the atmosphere is superior to that of the traditional process, and the working environment of cotton processing personnel is improved; the principle of removing heavy impurities first and then removing fine impurities is followed.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, in some embodiments, the primary drying system includes a second discharger 6, a first electric dryer 7, and a first drying tower 8, an inlet of the second discharger 6 is communicated with the three-wire machine 5, an outlet of the second discharger 6 is communicated with an inlet of the first electric dryer 7, an outlet of the first electric dryer 7 is communicated with an upper end of the first drying tower 8, and a lower outlet of the first drying tower 8 is communicated with the primary negative pressure seed cotton cleaning unit.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, in some embodiments, the primary-stage boll-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit includes a third discharger 9, a first clean seed cleaner 10 and a first airflow leaf cleaner 11, an inlet of the third discharger 9 is connected to an outlet at the lower end of the first drying tower 8, an outlet of the third discharger 9 is connected to an inlet of the first clean seed cleaner 10, an outlet of the first clean seed cleaner 10 is connected to an inlet of the first airflow leaf cleaner 11, and an outlet of the first airflow leaf cleaner 11 is connected to the secondary drying system.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, in some embodiments, the secondary drying system includes a fourth discharger 12, a second electric dryer 13 and a second drying tower 14, an outlet of the first pneumatic leaf cleaner 11 is connected to an inlet of the fourth discharger 12, an outlet of the fourth discharger 12 is communicated with an inlet of the second electric dryer 13, an outlet of the second electric dryer 13 is communicated with an upper end of the second drying tower 14, and a lower outlet of the second drying tower 14 is communicated with the secondary bell cleaning negative pressure combined type seed cotton cleaning unit.
In the above optional embodiments, it should be noted that the number of the drying systems is set according to actual requirements.
The beneficial effects of the above alternative embodiment are: through setting up two-stage drying system, showing the stoving effect that has strengthened.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, in some embodiments, the two-stage negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit comprises a fifth discharger 15, a second clean seed cleaner 16 and a second air-flow leaf cleaner 17, wherein an inlet of the fifth discharger 15 is connected with a lower outlet of the second drying tower 14, an outlet of the fifth discharger 15 is connected with an inlet of the second clean seed cleaner 16, an outlet of the second clean seed cleaner 16 is connected with an inlet of the second air-flow leaf cleaner 17, and an outlet of the second air-flow leaf cleaner 17 is connected with a lower air-flow seed cleaner 18.
The beneficial effects of the above alternative embodiment are: the seed cotton striking damage frequency is lowest, the seed cotton impurity cleaning is most thorough, the operation failure rate of the whole process equipment is lowest, the investment of the technical improvement project is low, and the effect is quick.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, in some embodiments, a four-way valve 22 is further included, and the ginning machines 20 are respectively connected to the saw tooth cleaning machines 23 through the four-way valve 22.
In the above alternative embodiment, it should be noted that the four-way valve 22 may be replaced by other types of pipe joints.
The beneficial effects of the above alternative embodiment are: by arranging the four-way valve 22, the cotton gin 20 is simultaneously connected with the multi-path saw tooth cleaning machine 23.
Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 1-5, in some embodiments, the air flow lint picker 21 is an S-shaped air flow lint picker.
In the above alternative embodiment, it should be noted that the air flow skin cleaning machine 21 may be of other types.
The beneficial effects of the above alternative embodiment are: the airflow lint cleaning machine 21 is set to be an S-shaped airflow lint cleaning machine, so that a good cleaning effect is achieved.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1-5, in some embodiments, the air-flow scarifier 21 comprises a plurality of sets.
In the above alternative embodiment, it should be noted that the number of the air-flow scarifiers 21 is set according to the actual processing situation.
The beneficial effects of the above alternative embodiment are: the air flow leather cleaning machines 21 are arranged in multiple groups, so that the requirements of different ginned cotton processing conditions are met.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1-5, in some embodiments, the heavy impurity separator 3 is a centrifugal heavy impurity cleaner.
In the above alternative embodiment, it should be noted that the heavy impurity separator 3 may be a model of other operation principle.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1-5, in some embodiments, the saw tooth scarifier 23 comprises a plurality of sets.
In the above alternative embodiment, it should be noted that the number of the saw tooth cleaning machines 23 is set according to the actual processing situation.
The beneficial effects of the above alternative embodiment are: through setting up the clear machine 23 of sawtooth skin for multiunit, satisfied the demand of the different ginned cotton processing condition.
In general, the cleaning process flow of the machine-harvested cotton is as follows: bulk seed cotton feeder → centrifugal heavy impurity cleaner → cotton foreign fiber cleaner → primary drying → cotton boll clearing negative pressure combined seed cotton cleaner → secondary drying → secondary boll clearing negative pressure combined seed cotton cleaner or negative pressure seed cotton cleaner → cotton gin → S-type air flow lint cleaner → cotton saw type lint cleaner → cotton collector → baler (user can select two or one lint cleaner depending on lint processing conditions).
The processing technology cleaning link of the system is provided with a bypass pipeline, so that the system can clean both machine cotton picking and manual quick cotton picking; the method can be used for processing the seed cotton with high moisture regain and reducing power consumption during processing the seed cotton with low moisture regain.
The processing technology of the system can effectively remove the heavy impurities and the fine impurities such as cotton bolls, cotton hulls, cotton stalks, cotton leaves, stiff cotton, sterile seeds and the like in the seed cotton, improve the color and luster of the processed lint cotton, improve the processing quality, reduce the lint cotton loss and improve the processing efficiency.
By the processing technology of the system, the cleaned seed cotton does not damage the fiber length and the inherent quality of cotton fibers, and the impurity removal efficiency can reach 80%.
The processing technology of the system can not only improve the grade of the ginned cotton, but also reduce the impurity content of the ginned cotton by 15-20% and the total number of the defects by 20% under the condition of not changing the ginning technology.
The processing technology of the system greatly shortens the process flow of the machine-harvested cotton cleaning technology, thereby saving a large number of pipelines and platforms for users, reducing the investment cost and energy consumption, and the cleaning effect is not reduced compared with the traditional machine-harvested cotton cleaning technology.
The system has the advantages of perfect processing technology, excellent equipment performance, high yield, good quality, small occupied area, low building investment, high automation degree, low power consumption, low labor intensity, strong technological adaptability and low processing cost, and is an ideal machine-harvested cotton cleaning technology and equipment.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
In the present specification, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and the like are used for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantial changes in the technical content.
Claims (1)
1. A machine-harvested cotton cleaning process is characterized in that machine-harvested cotton is processed by a cotton feeder (1), a seed cotton pre-cleaning machine (2), a heavy impurity separator (3), a first discharger (4), a three-wire machine (5), a primary drying system, a primary boll cleaning negative pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, a secondary drying system, a secondary boll cleaning negative pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit, a lower air suction seed cleaning machine (18), a cotton distribution auger (19), a cotton gin (20), an airflow leather cleaning machine (21), a sawtooth leather cleaning machine (23), a cotton dust collector (24) and a packing machine (25) in sequence, and a bypass pipeline is arranged in the processing process cleaning link of the system;
the primary drying system comprises a second discharger (6), a first electric dryer (7) and a first drying tower (8), wherein the inlet of the second discharger (6) is communicated with the three-wire machine (5), the outlet of the second discharger (6) is communicated with the inlet of the first electric dryer (7), the outlet of the first electric dryer (7) is communicated with the upper end of the first drying tower (8), and the lower outlet of the first drying tower (8) is communicated with the primary bell-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit;
the primary bell-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit comprises a third discharger (9), a first clean seed cleaner (10) and a first airflow leaf cleaner (11), wherein an inlet of the third discharger (9) is connected with an outlet at the lower end of the first drying tower (8), an outlet of the third discharger (9) is connected with an inlet of the first clean seed cleaner (10), an outlet of the first clean seed cleaner (10) is connected with an inlet of the first airflow leaf cleaner (11), and an outlet of the first airflow leaf cleaner (11) is connected with the secondary drying system;
the secondary drying system comprises a fourth discharger (12), a second electric dryer (13) and a second drying tower (14), wherein an outlet of the first airflow leaf cleaner (11) is connected with an inlet of the fourth discharger (12), an outlet of the fourth discharger (12) is communicated with an inlet of the second electric dryer (13), an outlet of the second electric dryer (13) is communicated with the upper end of the second drying tower (14), and a lower outlet of the second drying tower (14) is communicated with the secondary bell cleaning negative pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit;
the secondary bell-cleaning negative-pressure combined seed cotton cleaning unit comprises a fifth discharger (15), a second clean seed cleaner (16) and a second airflow leaf cleaner (17), wherein the inlet of the fifth discharger (15) is connected with the outlet at the lower end of the second drying tower (14), the outlet of the fifth discharger (15) is connected with the inlet of the second clean seed cleaner (16), the outlet of the second clean seed cleaner (16) is connected with the inlet of the second airflow leaf cleaner (17), and the outlet of the second airflow leaf cleaner (17) is connected with the lower air suction seed cleaner (18);
the saw tooth cleaning machine is characterized by further comprising a four-way valve (22), wherein the cotton gin (20) is respectively connected with the saw tooth cleaning machine (23) through the four-way valve (22);
the airflow ginned cotton cleaner (21) is an S-shaped airflow ginned cotton cleaner;
the airflow scarfing machines (21) are in multiple groups;
the heavy impurity separator (3) is a centrifugal heavy impurity cleaning machine;
the sawtooth skin cleaning machines (23) are in a plurality of groups.
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| CN114703549B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-04-21 | 阿瓦提新雅棉业有限公司 | Production method of machine-harvested long-staple cotton raw cotton with fiber main body length of more than or equal to 35mm |
| CN114703550B (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2023-04-21 | 阿瓦提新雅棉业有限公司 | Mechanical cotton picking processing production method with low mechanical fiber damage |
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| US8046877B2 (en) * | 2008-08-26 | 2011-11-01 | Jimmy R. Stover | Drying of seed cotton and other crops |
| CN104357960A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-18 | 全椒县新宇棉制品有限公司 | Improved airflow type lint cleaning machine |
| CN206553656U (en) * | 2017-02-25 | 2017-10-13 | 济宁市丰鹏工程设备有限公司 | A kind of seperator in unginned cotton processing |
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| CN1348024A (en) * | 2001-11-19 | 2002-05-08 | 赵庭义 | Cotton impurity eliminating machine |
| CN201012942Y (en) * | 2007-01-21 | 2008-01-30 | 奎屯银力棉油机械有限公司 | Compound seed cotton clearing machine |
| CN101733250A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-06-16 | 杨新建 | Pretreatment process for seed cotton |
| RU2701220C1 (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-09-25 | Мухсин Тоджиевич Хожиев | Crude cotton separator |
| CN111560652A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-21 | 邯郸金狮棉机有限公司 | Machine-harvested cotton cleaning process and machine-harvested cotton processing production line |
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