CN113400108A

CN113400108A - Cylindrical grinder anchor clamps

Info

Publication number: CN113400108A
Application number: CN202110778685.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁朗; 张双琳; 王成兵; 郭军; 王建鹏; 靳炜
Original assignee: Shaanxi Obotr Automation Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Obotr Automation Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-07-09
Filing date: 2021-07-09
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-07-09
Also published as: CN113400108B

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the field of machine tools, and provides a cylindrical grinding machine fixture which comprises a clamping device, a driving device, an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the driving device comprises a first driving plate, a first driving shaft, a first rotating shaft, a second driving plate and a second driving shaft; the first end of the first driving plate is fixed on a main shaft of a processing machine tool; the other end of the first driving plate is connected to the first end of the second driving plate in a sliding mode through a first driving shaft, and the second driving plate is rotatably connected to the shell through a first rotating shaft; the first end of the second driving shaft penetrates through the outer shell and is fixedly connected to the inner shell, and the second end of the second driving shaft is connected to the second end of the second driving plate in a sliding mode; the clamping device comprises three driving claws which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the middle parts of the driving claws are rotationally connected to the inner shell through second rotating shafts, and the non-clamping ends of the driving claws are connected to the outer shell in a sliding mode through third driving shafts; the inner and outer shells are relatively rotatable. The clamp has the advantages that the clamping of the workpiece is convenient, and the phase position of the workpiece is not required to be positioned before clamping.

Description

Cylindrical grinder anchor clamps

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a cylindrical grinding machine clamp.

Background

A grinding machine is a machine tool that grinds the surface of a workpiece using a grinding tool. Most grinding machines perform grinding using a grinding wheel rotating at a high speed, and a few grinding machines perform grinding using oilstones, sanding belts and other grinders and free abrasives, such as honing machines, superfinishing machines, sanding belt grinders, grinding machines, polishing machines, and the like.

When an existing cylindrical grinding machine is used for machining shaft workpieces, two ends of the shaft workpieces are usually tightly pressed by using centers, and then the workpieces are driven by a driving device to be ground. Generally, a heart-shaped clamp and other driving devices are selected during manual operation. When the automatic processing is used, the clamping driving is needed to be carried out simply, conveniently and quickly. In a common clamping method, a workpiece is shifted to rotate by means of special structures such as grooves or protrusions on the part, so that the workpiece needs to be positioned in a phase position before clamping, and the process, the beat, the error rate and the cost are increased undoubtedly. For optical axis workpieces without the above special structure, a special driving device is required to deal with the situation when the automatic processing is to be realized.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a clamp for an external grinding machine, which is convenient for clamping a workpiece and does not need to position the phase of the workpiece before clamping.

A cylindrical grinding machine clamp comprises a clamping device, a driving device, an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the driving device comprises a first driving plate, a first driving shaft, a first rotating shaft, a second driving plate and a second driving shaft; the first end of the first driving plate is fixed on a headstock of a processing machine tool; the other end of the first driving plate is connected to the first end of a second driving plate in a sliding mode through a first driving shaft, and the second driving plate is rotatably connected to the shell through a first rotating shaft; the first end of the second driving shaft penetrates through the circumferential sliding groove of the outer shell and is fixedly connected to the inner shell, and the second end of the second driving shaft is connected to the second end of the second driving plate in a sliding mode; the clamping device comprises three driving claws which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the middle parts of the driving claws are rotatably connected to the inner shell through second rotating shafts, and the non-clamping ends of the driving claws are slidably connected to the outer shell through third driving shafts; the geometric center surrounded by the three driving claws is coaxial with the axis of the main shaft; the inner shell and the outer shell are relatively rotatable.

The short shaft is fixedly connected to the main shaft through a connecting flange, an outer shell bearing and an inner shell bearing are arranged on the short shaft, the outer shell bearing is connected with the outer shell, and the inner shell bearing is connected with the inner shell.

Furthermore, a first rotating shaft hole, a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove are formed in the second driving plate, and the first rotating shaft hole is formed between the first sliding groove and the second sliding groove.

Further, the driving claw further comprises a sliding ring which is fixedly connected to the inner shell, and the middle part of the driving claw is rotatably connected to the sliding ring through a second rotating shaft.

Further, the slip ring comprises a slip ring body and a boss protruding from the slip ring body; the sliding ring further comprises a plurality of elastic pieces, the elastic pieces are arranged between the sliding ring body and the inner shell, and the elastic pieces are tangent to the outer circular surface of the boss.

Furthermore, a second rotating shaft hole is formed in the middle of the driving claw, and a third sliding groove is formed in the non-clamping end.

Furthermore, the clamping end of the driving claw further comprises a first arc-shaped part and a second arc-shaped part, and the first arc-shaped part and the second arc-shaped part are symmetrically arranged.

Further, the arcs of the first arc-shaped part and the second arc-shaped part are involutes.

Further, the first sliding groove, the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove are all U-shaped grooves.

Furthermore, the outer circular surface of the inner shell or the inner circular surface of the outer shell opposite to the inner shell is a conical surface.

Compared with the prior art, the cylindrical grinding machine clamp has at least the following beneficial effects;

1. the clamp provided by the invention is provided with three driving claws, the three claws are centered, the driving claws can rotate to clamp and release a workpiece under the driving of the driving device, and the phase of the workpiece is not required to be positioned before clamping;

2. the invention adopts a special driving device, and the relative rotation of the outer shell and the inner shell is utilized to drive the driving claw to rotate, thereby realizing the clamping or loosening of the workpiece, and having more convenient operation and more stable clamping;

3. the invention also has a slip ring structure, and an elastic element is arranged between the slip ring and the inner shell, and the slip ring can be eliminated by the deformation of the elastic element when the slip ring receives the eccentric force transmitted from the driving claw by utilizing the elastic action of the elastic element, thereby ensuring the rotating precision of the workpiece;

4. the axial clearance surface between the outer shell and the inner shell is set to be a conical surface, so that cutting fluid is prevented from entering the device, and corrosion to internal elements is avoided;

5. according to the invention, the driving claw is provided with the first arc-shaped part and the second arc-shaped part which are symmetrical, namely two clamping parts are provided, when one clamping part is worn, the driving claw can be overturned to be installed and used on the other side, so that the driving claw is efficient, convenient and fast, and the service life of the driving claw can be prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a cylindrical grinder fixture according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a cylindrical grinding machine fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical grinder fixture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a slip ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second driving plate of the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a drive pawl according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the attached drawings, 00-a main shaft, 01-a dustproof cover and 02-a tip; 1-a clamping device, 11-a third driving shaft, 12-a driving claw and 13-a second rotating shaft; 2-drive means, 21-first drive plate, 22-first drive shaft, 23-first spindle, 24-second drive plate, 241-first spindle hole, 242-first runner, 243-second runner, 25-second drive shaft; 3-housing, 31-housing bearing, 31-connecting flange, 32-axial clearance surface, 33-circumferential runner; 4-inner shell, 41-inner shell bearing; 5-short shaft, 51-connecting flange, 6-slip ring, 61-slip ring body, 62-boss and 63-elastic element.

Detailed Description

The following description provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. The particular examples set forth below are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting.

A cylindrical grinding machine clamp, as shown in fig. 1-2, comprises a clamping device 1, a driving device 2, an outer shell 3 and an inner shell 4, wherein the driving device 2 comprises a first driving plate 21, a first driving shaft 22, a first rotating shaft 23, a second driving plate 24 and a second driving shaft 25; the first end of the first driving plate 21 is fixed on a headstock of a processing machine tool and is used for driving the driving device to move along with the rotation of the headstock; the other end of the first drive plate 21 is slidably connected to a first end of a second drive plate 24 by a first drive shaft 22, the second drive plate 24 being rotatably connected to the housing 3 by a first rotating shaft 23; the first end of the second driving shaft 25 is fixedly connected to the inner shell 4 through the circumferential sliding groove 33 of the outer shell 3, and the second end is slidably connected to the second end of the second driving plate 24;

in this embodiment, in order to make the force applied to the driving device more stable, the first driving plate is provided with a ring-shaped or semi-ring-shaped structure, and the ring-shaped or semi-ring-shaped structure is fixed on the head frame and is more stable relative to the force applied to one point. Thus, as shown in fig. 2, the first driving plate 21 has a ring or semi-ring structure, a protruding plate structure is provided on the main body, and a connecting hole is formed on the protruding plate structure, so that the first driving shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the connecting hole, thereby fixedly connecting the first driving shaft 22 to the first driving plate.

The second driving plate is constructed as shown in fig. 5, the second driving plate 24 is provided with a first rotating shaft hole 241, a first sliding chute 242 and a second sliding chute 243, and the first rotating shaft hole 241 is arranged between the first sliding chute 242 and the second sliding chute 243; in the present embodiment, the first sliding groove 242 and the second sliding groove 243 are U-shaped grooves. Thus, the first rotary shaft 22 fixedly connects the second drive plate 24 to the housing 3 such that the second drive plate 24 is rotatable about the first rotary shaft 22; the first end of the first driving shaft 22 is fixedly connected with the first driving plate 21, and the second end can slide in the first sliding chute 242, so that the sliding connection between the first driving plate and the second driving plate is realized; the second driving shaft 25 has a first end fixedly connected to the inner casing 4 through the circumferential sliding slot 33 of the outer casing 3 and a second end slidable in the second sliding slot 243.

The clamping device 1 comprises three driving claws 12 which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the middle parts of the driving claws 12 are rotatably connected to the inner shell 4 through second rotating shafts 13, and the non-clamping ends of the driving claws 12 are slidably connected to the outer shell 3 through third driving shafts 11; the inner shell 4 and the outer shell 3 are relatively rotatable.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the three drive jaws 12 are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction, i.e. at positions sequentially separated by 120 degrees, and that the three jaws are centered, which needs to be coaxial with the tip, i.e. the geometric centre line enclosed by the three drive jaws 12 is coaxial with the tip and also coaxial with the main shaft 00.

The structure of the driving pawl 12 is as shown in fig. 6, the middle of the driving pawl 12 is provided with a second rotating shaft hole 121, the non-clamping end is provided with a third sliding slot 122, the second rotating shaft 13 passes through the second rotating shaft hole 121 to fix the driving pawl, one end of a third driving shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the housing 3, and the other end can slide in the third sliding slot, so that the non-clamping end of the driving pawl 12 is slidably connected to the housing 3 through the third driving shaft 11.

In addition, the middle portion of the driving pawl is rotatably connected to the inner housing via the second rotating shaft, and the middle portion does not refer to a geometric center or the like, but rather a position relative to the two ends, as shown in fig. 6, and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the connecting portion of the middle portion can move in the direction of the third sliding groove 122 or toward a position intermediate the first arc-shaped portion 123 and the second arc-shaped portion 124 in the illustrated position, and the invention can be implemented.

The clamping end of the driving claw 12 further comprises a first arc-shaped part 123 and a second arc-shaped part 124, the first arc-shaped part 123 and the second arc-shaped part 124 are symmetrically arranged, in the embodiment, each arc-shaped part is equivalent to one clamping part, each driving claw is provided with two clamping parts, the other side can be installed and used in a turnover mode after one clamping part is worn, the efficiency is high, convenience is achieved, and the service life of the driving claw can be prolonged.

Further, the arcs of the first arc-shaped part 123 and the second arc-shaped part 124 are involute, so that the clamping force of the driving claw for clamping the workpiece is larger, and the workpiece is ensured to be clamped more stably.

The outer shell 3 and the inner shell 4 can be rotated relative to each other, and the structure thereof is shown in fig. 3. The cylindrical grinder fixture further comprises a short shaft 5, the short shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 00 through a connecting flange 31, an outer shell bearing 31 and an inner shell bearing 41 are arranged on the short shaft 5, the outer shell bearing 31 is connected with the outer shell 3, and the inner shell bearing 41 is connected with the inner shell 4, so that the inner shell and the outer shell can rotate asynchronously within a certain range (depending on the size of a circumferential sliding groove 33 on the outer shell).

In order to stably connect the short shaft 5 and the main shaft 00, in this embodiment, the short shaft 5 and the connecting flange 51 may be fixedly connected to the main shaft 00 by screws and bolts, etc., and the installation directions of the screws and bolts, etc. are parallel to the main shaft.

In use, the headstock rotates to rotate the drive unit 2, wherein the first drive shaft 22 rotates the second drive plate 24 about the first rotation axis 23, the second drive plate 24 cooperates with the second drive shaft 25 to rotate the second drive shaft 25, and the second drive shaft 25 is engaged with the inner shell 4 to rotate the inner shell 4 about the inner shell bearing 41. That is, the rotation of the head frame drives the outer shell 3 to rotate, and the driving of the driving device 2 drives the inner shell 4 to rotate, and there is relative rotation between the outer shell 3 and the inner shell 4. And the non-clamping end of the driving claw is connected with the outer shell 3, and the middle part of the driving claw is connected with the inner shell 4, so that the driving claw rotates clockwise or anticlockwise around the second rotating shaft 13 by relative rotation between the outer shell 3 and the inner shell 4, and clamping or loosening of a workpiece is realized.

Preferably, a slip ring 6 is also provided, the slip ring 6 being fixedly connected to the inner housing 4, in which embodiment the middle part of the drive pawl 12 is rotatably connected to the slip ring 6 via a second shaft 13.

Further, an elastic member 63 is provided, and in this embodiment, the slip ring 6 has a structure as shown in fig. 4, and the slip ring 6 includes a slip ring body 61 and a boss 62 protruding from the slip ring body; a plurality of connecting holes are uniformly formed in the boss 62 in the circumferential direction, and as can be understood by those skilled in the art, a part of the connecting holes is used for fixedly connecting the slip ring to the inner shell 4, and a part of the connecting holes is used for allowing the second rotating shaft 13 to penetrate through and fixing the driving claws; a plurality of elastic members 63 are tangent to the outer circumferential surface of the boss 62 and are disposed between the slip ring body 61 and the inner case 4.

In the actual operation process, the workpiece is fixed with the center through the center hole, the workpiece can only rotate around the center, and the fixing precision is very high. And the gripping of the workpiece by the driving jaws gives an external force to the workpiece which affects the accuracy of the rotation of the workpiece, a plurality of elastic members 63 are provided between the inner housing 4 and the slip ring 6 for floatingly supporting the slip ring 6. As shown in fig. 4, the elastic member 63 is preferably a spring steel band inscribed on the outer circle of the inner housing, and due to the elastic property of the spring steel band, when the slip ring receives the eccentric force transmitted from the driving pawl, the eccentric force can be eliminated by the deformation of the spring steel band, thereby ensuring the precision of the rotation of the workpiece.

In order to further guarantee the rotation precision of the workpiece, the elastic pieces are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the boss and are arranged in pairs in an opposite mode.

Preferably, the axial gap surface 32 between the outer shell 3 and the inner shell 4 is a conical surface, i.e. the inner circular surface of the outer shell 3 is a conical surface, or the outer circular surface of the inner shell 4 is a conical surface. Therefore, when the cylindrical grinding machine clamp is in a cutting fluid spraying state for a long time, the cutting fluid can be thrown away by the structure, the cutting fluid is prevented from entering the device, and corrosion to internal elements is avoided.

Further, a dust cover 01 is also provided, and the first drive plate 21 is connected to the head frame via the dust cover 01.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The fixture for the cylindrical grinding machine is characterized by comprising a clamping device (1), a driving device (2), an outer shell (3) and an inner shell (4);

the driving device (2) comprises a first driving plate (21), a first driving shaft (22), a first rotating shaft (23), a second driving plate (24) and a second driving shaft (25); the first end of the first driving plate (21) is fixed on a headstock of a processing machine tool; the other end of the first driving plate (21) is connected to the first end of a second driving plate (24) in a sliding mode through a first driving shaft (22), and the second driving plate (24) is rotatably connected to the shell (3) through a first rotating shaft (23); the first end of the second driving shaft (25) passes through the circumferential sliding groove (33) of the outer shell (3) and is fixedly connected to the inner shell (4), and the second end of the second driving shaft is connected to the second end of the second driving plate (24) in a sliding mode;

the clamping device (1) comprises three driving claws (12) which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, the middle parts of the driving claws (12) are rotatably connected to the inner shell (4) through second rotating shafts (13), and the non-clamping ends of the driving claws (12) are slidably connected to the outer shell (3) through third driving shafts (11);

the geometric center surrounded by the three driving claws (12) is coaxial with the axis of the spindle (00);

the inner shell (4) and the outer shell (3) are relatively rotatable.

2. The cylindrical grinding machine fixture of claim 1, further comprising a short shaft (5), wherein the short shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (00) through a connecting flange (31), an outer shell bearing (31) and an inner shell bearing (41) are arranged on the short shaft (5), the outer shell bearing (31) is connected to the outer shell (3), and the inner shell bearing (41) is connected to the inner shell (4).

3. A cylindrical grinding machine fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the second driving plate (24) is provided with a first rotating shaft hole (241), a first slide groove (242) and a second slide groove (243), the first rotating shaft hole (241) being provided between the first slide groove (242) and the second slide groove (243).

4. A cylindrical grinding machine clamp according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a slip ring (6), the slip ring (6) being fixedly connected to the inner housing, and the middle part of the driving pawl (12) being rotatably connected to the slip ring (6) by a second shaft (13).

5. A cylindrical grinding machine clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that the slip ring (6) comprises a slip ring body (61) and a boss (62) protruding from the slip ring body;

the sliding ring further comprises a plurality of elastic pieces (63), the elastic pieces are arranged between the sliding ring body (61) and the inner shell (4), and the elastic pieces (63) are tangent to the outer circular surface of the boss (62).

6. A cylindrical grinder jig according to claim 3, characterized in that the drive pawl (12) is provided with a second spindle hole (121) in the middle and a third runner (122) at the non-clamping end.

7. A cylindrical grinding machine clamp according to claim 6, characterised in that the clamping end of the drive jaw (12) further comprises a first arcuate portion (123) and a second arcuate portion (124), the first arcuate portion (123) and the second arcuate portion (124) being symmetrically arranged.

8. A cylindrical grinding machine fixture as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that the arcs of the first and second arcuate portions (123, 124) are involute.

9. A cylindrical grinder clamp according to claim 6, characterised in that the first runner (242), the second runner (243) and the third runner (122) are all U-shaped grooves.

10. A cylindrical grinder fixture according to claim 1, characterised in that the outer circular surface of the inner shell (4) or the inner circular surface of the outer shell (3) opposite the inner shell (4) is conical.