JP2908996B2 - Spherical finishing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spherical surface finishing method and apparatus for performing spherical surface finishing, and more particularly, to a spherical surface capable of uniformly superfinishing a spherical surface with a processing tool having a simple shape. The present invention relates to a finishing method and apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a part of a work is cut into a spherical shape by using, for example, a copying milling machine or an NC machine tool, or after a sphere is processed, the spherical portion is ground or polished to perform super finishing. For this purpose, a grinding (polishing) tool having a shape corresponding to a spherical surface is prepared, and superfinishing is performed by the grinding tool.

[0003]

Conventionally, as described above, a grinding tool corresponding to a spherical surface is prepared and superfinishing of the spherical surface is performed, so that it is possible to cope, for example, when the diameter of the spherical portion is different. In addition, there is a problem that a grinding tool must be created again.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the invention described in the first aspect is directed to a holding portion for supporting a work having a spherical surface to be machined.
The workpiece is provided with a minute eccentric rotational motion by the material, and a precession motion centering on the center position of the spherical surface is applied to a processing tool having a circumferential processing portion that comes into contact with the spherical surface in a circular shape. This is a spherical finishing method in which a tool is pressed against the spherical surface to uniformly process the spherical surface to be processed.

[0005] The invention described in Item 2 is an eccentric rotation mechanism for imparting a small eccentric rotational movement to a holding member that supports a work having a spherical surface to be processed, and a circular shape on the spherical surface of the work.
A processing tool provided with a circumferential processing portion that comes into contact with, a processing tool rotating device that imparts a precession movement about the center position of the spherical surface, and pressurizing means that presses the processing tool against the spherical surface,
It is a spherical finish processing device provided with.

[0006] The invention described in Item 3 is a sphere according to Item 2.
In the surface finishing apparatus , the holding member is provided with a rotation mechanism for imparting rotation about the axis of the holding member itself.

[0007] The invention described in the fourth aspect is the second or third aspect.
In the spherical finishing device described in the above item, the holding member
Holder with a circumferential processing part at the part that contacts the spherical surface of the
This is a spherical finish processing device provided with a ring.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the spherical finishing machine according to the second, third or fourth aspect, the machining tool has circumferential machining portions in contact with the spherical surface of the workpiece on both sides. Shape

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a work having a spherical surface to be machined is provided with a small eccentric rotational movement, and a circumferential surface is formed on the spherical surface.
A spherical surface for imparting a precession movement centered on the center position of the spherical surface to the processing tool whose processing portion is in circular contact and pressing the processing tool against the spherical surface to uniformly process the spherical surface to be processed. This is the finishing method.

That is, a work having a spherical surface to be machined makes a small eccentric rotational movement, and a working tool having a circumferentially machined portion in circular contact with the spherical surface is pressed against the spherical surface, and the center of the spherical surface is pressed. Since the precession movement is performed centering on the position, the processing tool makes uniform contact with the spherical surface, and only the minute projections of the spherical surface are selectively subjected to pressure to be ground (polished) and removed. Is performed uniformly.

At this time, the minute projections of the working tool are also ground (polished) and removed, which is a kind of “co-shearing”, and the accuracy of both the working tool and the spherical surface as the working surface is improved. Is what you do.

[0012] The invention described in the second aspect is characterized in that an eccentric rotation mechanism for imparting a small eccentric rotational movement to a holding member that supports a work having a spherical surface to be processed, and a circular shape on the spherical surface of the work.
A processing tool provided with a circumferential processing portion that comes into contact with, a processing tool rotating device that imparts a precession movement about the center position of the spherical surface, and pressurizing means that presses the processing tool against the spherical surface,
The workpiece is provided with a small eccentric rotational motion, and the workpiece is in a state in which the circumferential machining portion is in circular contact with the spherical surface of the workpiece that performs the small eccentric rotational motion. By giving a precession movement centered on the center, a superfinishing process can be performed by bringing the machining tool into uniform contact with the spherical surface.

[0013] The invention described in Item 3 is a sphere according to Item 2.
In the surface finishing apparatus , since the holding member is provided with a rotation mechanism for imparting rotation about the axis of the holding member itself, the work is given a rotation around the axis together with a small eccentric rotational movement. The contact between the spherical surface of the workpiece and the processing tool is more evenly performed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the spherical finishing device according to the second or third aspect, the holding member includes
Holder with a circumferential processing part at the part that contacts the spherical surface of the
Since is provided with a ring, next to aspects of performing finishing of the spherical surface of the workpiece by two machining tools, in which the machining efficiency is further improved.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the spherical finishing machine according to the second, third or fourth aspect, the machining tool has circumferential machining portions in contact with the spherical surface of the workpiece on both sides. The shape can be used upside down , and even when the diameter of the spherical part of the work is slightly different, the circumferential processing part of the processing tool can be brought into uniform contact with the spherical surface. It can correspond to a spherical surface of a diameter.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a spherical surface finishing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a base 3, and one side of the base 3 includes a spherical surface F to be processed. Work W
An eccentric rotation mechanism 7 for imparting a small eccentric rotation to the work holder 5 supporting the eccentric member is provided.

On the other side of the base 3, a machining tool 9 that is in contact with the spherical surface F of the work W
A machining tool rotating device 11 for giving a precession movement centered on the center position O is mounted. This machining tool rotating device 11
Although not shown in detail, is provided so that the position can be adjusted in the direction approaching / separating from the eccentric rotation mechanism 7 (the left-right direction in FIG. 1) and fixed in an immovable state.

More specifically, the machining tool rotating device 11
Is a first motor M mounted on the base 3 so that the position can be adjusted and fixed.
1, a cylindrical member 15 is attached to an eccentric position of a rotating member 13 attached to the rotating shaft of the first motor M1.

A center member 17 is movably fitted into the cylindrical member 15. The center member 17 is an elastic member 1 such as a coil spring or the like provided as a pressing means.
9 is always urged in the protruding direction.

The tip of the center member 17 is sharply formed, and the tip of the center member 17 has a shaft 23 provided at the center of a tool holder 21 for supporting the machining tool 9.
Are swingably supported. An L-shaped first link 25 is attached to the shaft 23 via a screw so as to be adjustable, and an inverted L-shaped second link is attached to the cylindrical member 15 via a screw 27 so as to be adjustable. 29 is pivotally connected via a hinge pin 31.

The machining tool 9 has a shape having a circumferential machining portion 33 that comes into contact with the spherical surface F of the work W in a circular shape, and is formed in a ring shape in the present embodiment.
The machining tool 9 is detachably attached to the tool holder 21 via a plurality of attachment bolts 35.

In this embodiment, since the working tool 9 is formed in a ring shape, it can be used upside down in accordance with the abrasion state of the circumferential working portion 33. In addition, it is also possible to form the inner surface of the processing tool 9 into, for example, a tapered hole or a hole having a step so that the diameter of the circumferential processing portion 33 is different between the front side and the back side.
In this case, the circumference of the front and back is reversed by inverting the front and back.
Ri by by the processing unit 33 is capable of corresponding to the spherical surface of a wide range of diameters.

With the above configuration, in a state where the work W (a sphere in this embodiment) is appropriately supported by the work holder 5, the circumferential working portion 33 of the working tool 9 is moved to the work W
Of the machining tool 9 via the center member 17 and is kept pressed against the spherical surface F by the elastic member 19 as a pressing means.

After that, when the first motor M1 is driven to rotate, the cylindrical member 15 rotates at an eccentric position about the axis of the rotary member 13. The rotational movement of the cylindrical member 15 is transmitted to the tool holder 21 and the processing tool 9 via the second and first links 29 and 25.

That is, the circumferential processing portion 33 of the processing tool 9 is kept in contact with the spherical surface F of the work W at all times, and the shaft 23 of the tool holder 21 rotates integrally with the cylindrical member 15 and the center member 17. Therefore, the machining tool 9 rotates around the axis of the machining tool 9 while rotating the spherical surface F of the workpiece W.
Is a mode in which precession movement centering on the center position O is performed.

The eccentric rotation mechanism 7 has a configuration as shown in FIG.

More specifically, a drive motor M2 for high-speed rotation is attached to a casing 37 attached to the base 3, and an output shaft (rotation shaft) 39 of the drive motor M2 has a flange portion at the tip. The sleeve 41 provided with 41F is integrally attached. The sleeve 41 is rotatably supported by a bearing case 43 via a plurality of bearings 45. The bearing case 43 includes a roller 49 provided at a tip end of a pin 47 fixed to the bearing case 43 and the casing 37. Is movably engaged with the slot 51 formed in the slot, so that the rotation is restricted.

An eccentric plate 53 as an eccentric hole member is attached to the distal end side of the sleeve 41 via a plurality of bolts 55, and an eccentric portion 53E protruding from the eccentric plate 53 is provided.
Is fitted in an engagement hole 41H formed so as to coincide with the axis of the sleeve 41.

The axis of the eccentric portion 53E of the eccentric plate 53 is slightly eccentric with respect to the axis of the sleeve 41. Therefore, the hole formed in the axis portion of the eccentric plate 53 is a hole eccentric with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft 39 and the sleeve 41 and forms an eccentric hole 53H. In the eccentric hole 53H of the eccentric plate 53, the base side of the stationary shaft 59 is rotatably supported via a plurality of bearings 57.

The stationary shaft 59 is a shaft having a flange portion 59F near the center in the longitudinal direction, and a radial pin 61 fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the flange portion 59F has
It is sandwiched from both sides by a pair of pinch rollers 63 attached to the bearing case 43. Although not shown in detail, each of the pinch rollers 63 is rotatably supported by an eccentric portion of an eccentric shaft mounted on the bearing case 43 so that there is no clearance between the pin 61 and the pin 61. The pin 61 can be pinched.

A pulley 67 is rotatably supported on the distal end of the stationary shaft 59 via a plurality of bearings 65. A belt 69 wrapped around the pulley 67 is supported by a third motor M3 mounted on the casing 37. Of the output pulley 71. A holding member 73 is integrally attached to the pulley 67 by a bolt or the like. A mounting portion 73H of the holding member 73 has a shaft portion 5S of the work holder 5 attached thereto.
Are fitted and fastened and fixed by a plurality of mounting bolts 75.

The work holder 5 has a holder plate 77 having the shaft portion 5S. A holder ring 79 for supporting the work W is detachably attached to the holder plate 77 via a plurality of attachment bolts 81. It is.

The holder ring 79 is used to hold the machining tool 9
The workpiece W is provided with a circumferentially processed portion 83 at a portion in contact with the spherical surface F. That is, the holder ring 79 serves as both a holder for the work W and a processing tool.

In the above configuration, the driving motor M
When the second output shaft 39 is rotated at a high speed, the sleeve 41 and the eccentric plate 53 are rotated at a high speed. When the eccentric plate 53 is rotated, the axis of the eccentric plate 53 is slightly eccentric with respect to the axis of the sleeve 41, so that the stationary shaft 59 is eccentrically rotated around the axis of the sleeve 41 with a small radius. (Orbit).

The stationary shaft 59 rotates around its own axis without rotating around the axis of the stationary shaft 59 because the pin 61 provided on the flange portion 59F is sandwiched between the pair of pinch rollers 63. Rotation is stationary.

As described above, when the stationary shaft 59 is eccentrically rotated about the axis of the sleeve 41, the work holder 5 is also eccentrically rotated via the holding member 73. Further driving the motor M3, the work holder 5 holding portion
It is rotated (rotated) at a low speed via the member 73 .
That is, the motor M3 and the like constitute a rotation mechanism for rotating the work holder 5 around its own axis, and the work holder 5 rotates by driving the motor M3.

As described above, when the circumferential processing portion 83 of the holder ring 79 rotates relative to the spherical surface of the work W while the work holder 5 is eccentrically rotated (revolved) with a small radius, Grinding (polishing) of the spherical surface F of the work W is performed.

The motor M3 is driven to hold the holding member 73.
When the is rotated at a low speed, the work holder 5 rotates around the axis of the shaft portion 5S.

That is, the work holder 5 is eccentrically rotated (revolved) with a small radius and is also rotated.

As described above, the first motor M1 is driven to give the precession motion to the machining tool 9 as described above, and the motor M2 is driven to give the work holder 5 an eccentric rotary motion with a small radius. By driving M <b> 3 to rotate the work holder 5, grinding (polishing) of the spherical surface F of the work W is performed by the circumferential processing portion 33 of the processing tool 9 and the circumferential processing portion 83 of the holder ring 79.

When the grinding (polishing) of the spherical surface F of the work W is performed as described above, the frictional resistance between the spherical surface F and the circumferential processing portion 33 of the processing tool 9 and the spherical surface F and the holder ring 7
The spherical workpiece W is rotated at random by the difference in frictional resistance between the workpiece W and the peripheral processing part 83 and the peripheral part of the workpiece W, the peripheral processing part 33 of the processing tool 9, and the circumference of the holder ring 79. Relative movement occurs with the processing part 83,
The grinding (polishing) of the spherical surface F is performed.

As described above, when performing the grinding (polishing) of the spherical surface F of the work W, the work W is rotated at random in the circumferential working portion 33 of the working tool 9 and the circumferential working portion 83 of the holder ring 79. Thus, the processing is performed by uniformly contacting the spherical surface F of the work W.

In this case, the spherical surface F of the workpiece W and the machining tool 9
Circumferential processing part 33 and holder ring 79 circumferential processing part 8
3 is in a state of being pressed and contacted by the action of the elastic member 19, so that the minute projection of the spherical surface F and the two circumferentially processed portions 3
Only the small projections of 3,83 are selectively mechanically removed under pressure and mechanically removed. In the form of "co-shearing", the accuracy of both the spherical surface F and both of the circumferential processing portions 33, 83 is gradually increased. It will improve.

Accordingly, the spherical surface F of the work W can be uniformly and highly precisely finished.

FIG. 4 shows a case where the work W is provided with a hemispherical portion WA and a shaft portion WS. In this case, the work holder 5 is detached from the holding member 73, and the shaft portion WS of the work is directly mounted on the mounting hole 73H of the holding member 73.

In this case, although the hemispherical portion WA of the work W is not rotated at random,
The circumferential processing portion 33 of the processing tool 9 performs processing by uniformly contacting the spherical surface of A.

[0047]

As will be understood from the above description of the embodiments, the invention described in the first aspect provides a work having a spherical surface to be machined with a small eccentric rotational motion, and the spherical surface has a circular shape.
A precession movement about the center position of the spherical surface is given to the processing tool whose peripheral processing portion is in circular contact, and the processing tool is pressed against the spherical surface to uniformly process the spherical surface to be processed. Since this is a spherical finishing method, a workpiece with a spherical surface to be machined rotates slightly eccentrically, and a circular
The machining tool with which the working portion contacts in a circular shape is pressed against the spherical surface and performs precession about the center position of the spherical surface.

Therefore, the processing tool uniformly contacts the spherical surface, and only the minute projections of the spherical surface are selectively subjected to pressure to be ground (polished) and removed, whereby the spherical surface is uniformly processed.

At this time, the minute projections of the processing tool are also ground (polished) and removed, which is a kind of "co-shearing", and the precision of both the processing tool and the spherical surface as the processing surface is improved. Is what you do.

The invention described in the second aspect is characterized in that an eccentric rotation mechanism for imparting a small eccentric rotational movement to a holding member supporting a work having a spherical surface to be machined, and a circular shape on the spherical surface of the work.
A processing tool provided with a circumferential processing portion that comes into contact with, a processing tool rotating device that imparts a precession movement about the center position of the spherical surface, and pressurizing means that presses the processing tool against the spherical surface,
With this configuration, a small eccentric rotational movement can be imparted to the work, and the machining tool in the state of pressurized contact with the spherical surface of the work that performs the small eccentric rotational movement can be applied to the center of the spherical surface. By giving a differential motion, a superfinishing process can be performed by bringing the machining tool into uniform contact with the spherical surface.

[0051] The invention described in Item 3 provides the sphere described in Item 2
In the surface finishing apparatus , since the holding member is provided with a rotation mechanism for imparting rotation about the axis of the holding member itself, the work is given a rotation around the axis together with a small eccentric rotational movement. The contact between the spherical surface of the workpiece and the processing tool is more evenly performed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the spherical finishing machine according to the second or third aspect , wherein
Holder ring with a circumferentially processed part at the part that contacts the spherical surface of
Since it is provided with a grayed, next embodiment performs spherical finish machining of a workpiece by two machining tools, in which the machining efficiency is further improved.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the spherical finishing machine according to the second, third or fourth aspect, the machining tool has circumferential machining portions that come into contact with the spherical surface of the workpiece on both sides. The shape can be used upside down , and even when the diameter of the spherical part of the work is slightly different, the circumferential processing part of the processing tool can be brought into uniform contact with the spherical surface. It can correspond to a spherical surface of a diameter.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a spherical surface finishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is partially cut away.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the same changed state.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory front sectional view showing an eccentric rotation mechanism.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory front view showing a case of changing a work.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spherical finish processing apparatus 5 Work holder 7 Eccentric rotation mechanism part 9 Processing tool 11 Processing tool rotation device 13 Rotating member 17 Center member 19 Elastic member 21 Tool holder 33 Circumferential processing part 79 Holder ring 83 Circumferential processing part

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B24B 11/02 B24B 11/04 B24B 11/06 B24B 13/00 B24B 13/02 B24B 13/04

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A work having a spherical surface to be machined is supported.
The work tool provided with a circumferential processing portion that gives a small eccentric rotational movement to the work by the holding member and that comes into contact with the spherical surface in a circular shape. A spherical surface finishing method comprising applying a motion and pressing the processing tool onto the spherical surface to uniformly process the spherical surface to be processed. 2. An eccentric rotating mechanism for imparting a small eccentric rotational movement to a holding member for supporting a work having a spherical surface to be machined, and a circumferential machining portion for making a circular contact with the spherical surface of the work.
The machining tool having, characterized in that it comprises a machining tool rotation device for imparting precession movement about the center position of the spherical surface, and pressurizing means for pressurizing the working tool to the spherical, the Spherical finishing machine. To wherein the holding member, the spherical finishing apparatus according possible to claim 2, characterized in that is provided with a rotation mechanism for imparting rotation about the axis of the retaining member itself. 4. A part which contacts a spherical surface of a workpiece on a holding member.
The spherical finishing device according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising a holder ring provided with a circumferential portion . 5. The spherical finishing machine according to claim 2, wherein the machining tool has a shape having a circumferential machining portion on the front and back surfaces that comes into contact with the spherical surface of the workpiece.