CN113399604A - Method for finishing ball body of bolt ball blank - Google Patents

Method for finishing ball body of bolt ball blank Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113399604A
CN113399604A CN202110798958.XA CN202110798958A CN113399604A CN 113399604 A CN113399604 A CN 113399604A CN 202110798958 A CN202110798958 A CN 202110798958A CN 113399604 A CN113399604 A CN 113399604A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
blank
sliding table
compression roller
transverse
vertical
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Pending
Application number
CN202110798958.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张建忠
向洋洋
邢宏凯
王浩
翟梓彬
王海博
张诗绮
魏麟蘅
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Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute
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Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202110798958.XA priority Critical patent/CN113399604A/en
Publication of CN113399604A publication Critical patent/CN113399604A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21HMAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/14Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution balls, rollers, cone rollers, or like bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21HMAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H1/00Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
    • B21H1/22Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution characterised by use of rolls having circumferentially varying profile ; Die-rolling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of processing of a bolt ball blank sphere, and particularly discloses a finishing method of the bolt ball blank sphere, which comprises the following steps: s1: the cylindrical blank is placed on a supporting roller, the supporting roller rotates under the action of a main driving motor, and the friction force between the supporting roller and the blank is used as driving force to drive the blank to rotate; s2: a compression roller with an arc profile of the diameter of the bolt ball blank is arranged above the blank, and the compression roller is driven by the transverse sliding table and the vertical sliding table to move; s3: the transverse and vertical movements of the press roll drive the blank to contact with the press roll and the supporting roll and generate plastic deformation, and a spherical structure is formed gradually; s4: the pressure of the compression roller is increased, local plastic deformation is generated in the convex contact point area of the surface of the blank and the support roller, and the posture of the blank is continuously adjusted, so that all points on the surface of the sphere of the blank are finally gradually formed into a sphere through the mechanical structure; the invention adopts the compression roller profile and the stress structure to match with mechanical detection and control to form, so that the sphericity is ensured.

Description

Method for finishing ball body of bolt ball blank
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of a bolt ball blank sphere, in particular to a finishing method of the bolt ball blank sphere.
Background
The existing bolt ball blank manufacturing adopts a cylindrical bar material to be sawed and heated to an austenite temperature area, and then hot hammer forging processing is carried out.
The blank sphericity index is too large to reach more than 2-3 mm by using a die forging method, the sphericity control of the die forging process mainly utilizes two hemispherical cavities to hammer the blank, the plastic deformation of the blank is limited by the surfaces of the cavities to gradually form the outline of the sphere, and the capability of the die for controlling the geometric form is obviously reduced due to severe abrasion of certain areas of the die in the process of hammer forging of the sphere cavity.
Another method for processing the ball is to use the rolling technology such as skew rolling or longitudinal rolling to form the ball in a plastic way, but because of the mannesmann effect of the three-way tensile stress in the area close to the spherical surface in the rotating direction, especially the ball with more than 50mm has internal cracks or loose phenomena in the two polar areas, the ball can generate serious safety problems when being used for structural members, so that the ball can only be applied to the field of non-structural members such as ball milling balls.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for finishing a bolt ball blank sphere, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a bolt ball blank sphere finishing method comprises the following steps:
s1: the cylindrical blank is placed on a supporting roller, the supporting roller rotates under the action of a main driving motor, and the friction force between the supporting roller and the blank is used as driving force to drive the blank to rotate;
s2: a compression roller with an arc profile of the diameter of the bolt ball blank is arranged above the blank, and the compression roller is driven by the transverse sliding table and the vertical sliding table to move;
s3: the transverse and vertical movements of the press roll drive the blank to contact with the press roll and the supporting roll and generate plastic deformation, and a spherical structure is formed gradually;
s4: the pressure of the compression roller is increased, local plastic deformation is generated in the convex contact point area of the surface of the blank and the support roller, and the posture of the blank is continuously adjusted, so that all points on the surface of the sphere of the blank are finally gradually formed into a sphere through the mechanical structure;
in the steps, two support rollers are arranged side by side and are arranged in the vertical frame; two ends of the two supporting rollers are respectively connected with a gear distributor through a coupler, and the gear distributor is connected with a main driving motor; the vertical frame is fixed on the base, and the compression roller is arranged in the middle of the two support rollers; the compression roller is provided with two sets ofly, and one of them group top is provided with compression roller drive hydraulic motor, links to each other with horizontal slip table through compression roller drive hydraulic motor.
Preferably, a vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the top of the vertical frame, the vertical sliding table is arranged on the inner side of the vertical frame, and the vertical sliding table is driven by the vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder.
Preferably, a transverse feeding hydraulic motor is arranged on the side face of the vertical frame, a first transverse sliding table and a second transverse sliding table are arranged on the vertical sliding table, two groups of press rollers are respectively arranged on the first transverse sliding table and the second transverse sliding table, and the first transverse sliding table and the second transverse sliding table are driven by the transverse feeding hydraulic motor.
Preferably, a screw rod is sleeved between the first transverse sliding table and the second transverse sliding table in a matched mode, one end of the screw rod is connected with the transverse feeding hydraulic motor, and symmetrical thread structures are arranged on the screw rod.
Preferably, the compression roller driving hydraulic motor is connected with a power gear, the power gear is provided with a transmission gear in a matching way, and the transmission gear is meshed with the power gear; the transmission gear is connected with an output shaft of the compression roller through a spline shaft.
Preferably, the transmission gear is provided with a limiting plate, two ends of the limiting plate are connected with a connecting plate through hanging plates, and the connecting plate is connected with the output end of the gear shifting hydraulic cylinder
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the compression roller profile and the stress structure to match with mechanical detection and control to form, so that the sphericity is ensured, and the geometric precision of the sphere is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a lateral slide table according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the roll driving hydraulic motor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a shift cylinder assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the finishing state of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a contact region in a finished state according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the movement locus of the surface point of the blank in the finishing state according to the present invention;
reference numbers in the figures: 1. a support roller; 2. a compression roller; 3. a main drive motor; 4. a cross-feed hydraulic motor; 5. a vertical feed hydraulic cylinder; 6. the compression roller drives a hydraulic motor; 7. a base; 8. erecting a frame; 9. a vertical sliding table; 10. a coupling; 11. a gear distributor; 12. a first transverse sliding table; 13. a second transverse sliding table; 14. a screw rod; 15. a shift hydraulic cylinder; 16. hanging the plate; 17. a connecting plate; 18. a power gear; 19. a limiting plate; 20. a transmission gear; 21. and an output shaft.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a bolt ball blank sphere finishing method comprises the following steps:
s1: the cylindrical blank is placed on a supporting roller 1, the supporting roller 1 rotates under the action of a main driving motor 3, and the friction force between the supporting roller 1 and the blank is used as a driving force to drive the blank to rotate;
s2: a compression roller 2 with an arc profile of the diameter of the bolt ball blank is arranged above the blank, and the compression roller 2 moves under the drive of a transverse sliding table and a vertical sliding table 9;
s3: the transverse and vertical movements of the press roll 2 drive the blank to contact with the press roll 2 and the support roll 1 and to generate plastic deformation, and a spherical structure is formed gradually;
s4: the pressure of the compression roller 2 is increased, local plastic deformation is generated in the convex contact point area of the blank surface and the support roller 1, and the posture of the blank is continuously adjusted, so that all points on the surface of the blank sphere are gradually formed into a sphere finally through the mechanical structure;
in the steps, two support rollers 1 are arranged side by side and are arranged in the vertical frame 8; two ends of each of the two supporting rollers 1 are respectively connected with a gear distributor 11 through a coupler 10, and the gear distributor 11 is connected with a main driving motor 3; the vertical frame 8 is fixed on the base 7, and the press roll 2 is arranged in the middle of the two support rolls 1; the compression roller 2 is provided with two sets, and one set of top is provided with compression roller drive hydraulic motor 6, links to each other with horizontal slip table through compression roller drive hydraulic motor 6.
Further, a vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder 5 is arranged at the top of the vertical frame 8, the vertical sliding table 9 is arranged on the inner side of the vertical frame 8, and the vertical sliding table 9 is driven by the vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder 5.
Further, a transverse feeding hydraulic motor 4 is arranged on the side face of the vertical frame 8, a first transverse sliding table 12 and a second transverse sliding table 13 are arranged on the vertical sliding table 9, the two groups of press rollers 2 are respectively arranged on the first transverse sliding table 12 and the second transverse sliding table 13, and the first transverse sliding table 12 and the second transverse sliding table 13 are driven by the transverse feeding hydraulic motor 4.
Further, a screw rod 14 is sleeved between the first transverse sliding table 12 and the second transverse sliding table 13 in a matched mode, one end of the screw rod 14 is connected with the transverse feeding hydraulic motor 4, and symmetrical thread structures are arranged on the screw rod 14.
Further, the compression roller driving hydraulic motor 6 is connected with a power gear 18, the power gear 18 is provided with a transmission gear 20 in a matching way, and the transmission gear 20 is meshed with the power gear 18; the transmission gear 20 is connected with an output shaft 21 of the press roll 2 through a spline shaft.
Furthermore, the transmission gear 20 is provided with a limiting plate 19, two ends of the limiting plate 19 are connected with a connecting plate 17 through a hanging plate 16, and the connecting plate 17 is connected with an output end of the gear shifting hydraulic cylinder 15.
The working principle is as follows: cylindrical blanks are placed on two cylindrical supporting rollers 1 which are identical in shape and symmetrically arranged, main rotating power is transmitted to the supporting rollers 1 through a gear distributor 11 and a universal coupling 10 by using a main driving motor 3, and friction force between the supporting rollers 1 and the blanks is used as driving force to drive the blanks to rotate. The position of a compression roller 2 with an arc profile of the diameter of a bolt ball blank is determined by the positions of a first transverse sliding table 12, a second transverse sliding table 13 and a vertical sliding table 9, the vertical sliding table 9 is driven by a vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder 5, the first transverse sliding table 12 and the second transverse sliding table 13 form symmetrical motion by a symmetrical screw rod 14 and a transverse feeding driving hydraulic motor 4, and the transverse and vertical motion of the compression roller 2 drives the blank to be in contact with the compression roller 2 and a support roller 1 and to be plastically deformed. And controlling the vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder 5 and the transverse feeding hydraulic motor 4, controlling the pressure and the position of the pressing roller 2 in the vertical sliding table 9, the first transverse sliding table 12 and the second transverse sliding table 13 on the blank, and enabling the blank to generate continuous plastic deformation in the rotating process and be formed gradually.
After the sphere is formed, under the action of 2 press rolls 2, the sphere blank is extruded together with the support roll 1, as shown in the state of fig. 5, and the contact area in the state is shown in fig. 6; the contact between the press roller 2 and the spherical blank is approximately in a linear contact state (a contact area one), and the contact between the support roller 1 and the spherical blank is approximately in a point contact state (a contact area two). Pressure sensors are respectively arranged in oil supply pipelines of the transverse feeding hydraulic motor 4 and the vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder 5, and oil supply quantity is controlled by detecting oil line pressure, so that pressure is adjusted.
And adjusting the vertical and horizontal extrusion forces according to the pressure condition of plastic forming, so that the first contact area is in elastic contact and the second contact area is in plastic contact, and the plastic deformation second contact area is a main shape modification area. When the sphere blank has local bulges and is positioned in the second contact area, the plastic displacement boundary condition can be considered to cause additional acting force, and the force action structure is changed, so long as the fluid of the transverse feeding driving hydraulic motor 4 and the vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder 5 is in a small flow or locking state, the additional force can be borne by the structure and passes through the bulge deformation area; if the second contact area is right on the spherical surface, the plastic deformation area is slightly subjected to plastic deformation; if the second contact region is located just below the spherical surface, no plastic deformation of the plastic deformation region occurs. The plastic deformation conditions of the second contact zone can be given by the plastic theory.
All points on the surface of the sphere blank pass through the mechanical action structure, the transverse and vertical acting forces are gradually reduced, the stress is unchanged under the motion state, and the sphere shape is considered to be achieved. Therefore, the rotation posture of the spherical blank needs to be adjusted, due to the limitation of the mechanical structure space, the freedom degrees of the sphere can be considered to be rotation, the rotation axis line is continuously adjusted, the spherical blank is rotated, all points on the surface of the spherical blank pass through the second contact area, and finishing processing can be completed.
The upper part of the compression roller 2 at one side is provided with a compression roller driving hydraulic motor 6, and the process of winding the axis of all the spherical surfaces can be formed by changing at the low speed-high speed-low speed rule, the motion trail of the point on the spherical surface is shown in figure 7, and the change situation of the rotation axis of the rolling state in the finishing process of the spherical body is demonstrated. When the compression roller 2 does not actively rotate, the spherical blank rotates around an axis parallel to the axis of the support roller 1; when the press roll 2 starts to rotate passively to generate differential speed and gradually rises, the rotation axis of the spherical blank is determined by the resultant force of the friction force of the first contact area and the second contact area and the motion state and gradually rotates towards the horizontal direction, so that all points on the surface of the spherical blank are subjected to finishing processing through the second plastic contact area.
In the finishing process, the power gear 18 is meshed with the transmission gear 20 to realize the power output of the press roll 2; during the plastic forming process, the power gear 18 is disengaged from the transmission gear 20 to realize the passive rotation of the press roll 2. The requirements of the different processing procedures are met. The transmission gear 20 is driven to move up and down by the up-and-down movement of the output end of the gear shifting hydraulic cylinder 15, so that the meshing and the separation with the power gear 18 are realized.
The finishing process of the ball is finished in a state that pressure fluctuation of all points on the surface of the ball does not exceed a certain threshold under the action of certain vertical and horizontal pressure, and then the ball can be judged to be in a processing finished state at the moment. Therefore, 2 pressure sensors are adopted to measure the pressure values in the oil pipe connected with the transverse feeding driving hydraulic motor 4 and the vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder 5 respectively, the pressure values are transmitted to a control program through analog-to-digital conversion, sampling and standard deviation calculation of a transmission sequence are continuously carried out, and the standard deviation is used as a state for judging the end of machining.
It is worth noting that: the whole device realizes control over the device through the master control button, and the device matched with the control button is common equipment, belongs to the existing mature technology, and is not repeated for the electrical connection relation and the specific circuit structure.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A bolt ball blank sphere finishing method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the cylindrical blank is placed on a supporting roller (1), the supporting roller (1) rotates under the action of a main driving motor (3), and the friction force between the supporting roller and the blank is used as a driving force to drive the blank to rotate;
s2: a compression roller (2) with an arc profile of the diameter of the bolt ball blank is arranged above the blank, and the compression roller (2) moves under the driving of a transverse sliding table and a vertical sliding table (9);
s3: the transverse and vertical movements of the press roll (2) drive the blank to contact with the press roll (2) and the support roll (1) and generate plastic deformation, and a spherical structure is formed gradually;
s4: the pressure of the compression roller (2) is increased, local plastic deformation is generated in the convex contact area of the surface of the blank and the support roller (1), and the posture of the blank is continuously adjusted, so that all points on the surface of the sphere of the blank are finally gradually formed into a sphere through the mechanical structure;
in the steps, two support rollers (1) are arranged side by side and are arranged in a vertical frame (8); two ends of each supporting roller (1) are respectively connected with a gear distributor (11) through a coupler (10), and the gear distributor (11) is connected with a main driving motor (3); the vertical frame (8) is fixed on the base (7), and the press roll (2) is arranged in the middle of the two support rolls (1); the compression roller (2) is provided with two sets, wherein a set of top is provided with compression roller drive hydraulic motor (6), links to each other with horizontal slip table through compression roller drive hydraulic motor (6).
2. The method for finishing the ball body of the bolt ball blank according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder (5) is arranged at the top of the vertical frame (8), the vertical sliding table (9) is arranged on the inner side of the vertical frame (8), and the vertical sliding table (9) is driven by the vertical feeding hydraulic cylinder (5).
3. The method for finishing the ball body of the bolt ball blank according to claim 1, wherein: the vertical frame (8) is provided with a transverse feeding hydraulic motor (4) on the side, a first transverse sliding table (12) and a second transverse sliding table (13) are arranged on the vertical sliding table (9), two groups of press rollers (2) are respectively arranged on the first transverse sliding table (12) and the second transverse sliding table (13), and the first transverse sliding table (12) and the second transverse sliding table (13) are driven by the transverse feeding hydraulic motor (4).
4. A bolt ball blank sphere finishing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the screw rod (14) is sleeved between the first transverse sliding table (12) and the second transverse sliding table (13) in a matched mode, one end of the screw rod (14) is connected with the transverse feeding hydraulic motor (4), and symmetrical thread structures are arranged on the screw rod (14).
5. The method for finishing the ball body of the bolt ball blank according to claim 1, wherein: the compression roller driving hydraulic motor (6) is connected with a power gear (18), the power gear (18) is provided with a transmission gear (20) in a matched mode, and the transmission gear (20) is meshed with the power gear (18); the transmission gear (20) is connected with an output shaft (21) of the pressing roller (2) through a spline shaft.
6. The method for finishing the ball body of the bolt ball blank according to claim 5, wherein: the transmission gear (20) is provided with a limiting plate (19), two ends of the limiting plate (19) are connected with a connecting plate (17) through a hanging plate (16), and the connecting plate (17) is connected with the output end of the gear shifting hydraulic cylinder (15).
CN202110798958.XA 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Method for finishing ball body of bolt ball blank Pending CN113399604A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110798958.XA CN113399604A (en) 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Method for finishing ball body of bolt ball blank

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110798958.XA CN113399604A (en) 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Method for finishing ball body of bolt ball blank

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113399604A true CN113399604A (en) 2021-09-17

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CN202110798958.XA Pending CN113399604A (en) 2021-07-15 2021-07-15 Method for finishing ball body of bolt ball blank

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101073816A (en) * 2007-06-18 2007-11-21 北京科技大学 Moulds and methods for forming blanks of worm shafts rolled with roller wedge laterally
CN110090884A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-06 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of large diameter thin wall back cover structure Opposite roller spinning device based on edge constraint
CN110883285A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-03-17 黄河水利职业技术学院 Local continuous plastic rolling device for bolt ball double-pair roller ball body
CN112621316A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-09 徐州通域空间结构有限公司 Integration device is used in processing of rack bolt ball

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101073816A (en) * 2007-06-18 2007-11-21 北京科技大学 Moulds and methods for forming blanks of worm shafts rolled with roller wedge laterally
CN110090884A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-06 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of large diameter thin wall back cover structure Opposite roller spinning device based on edge constraint
CN110883285A (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-03-17 黄河水利职业技术学院 Local continuous plastic rolling device for bolt ball double-pair roller ball body
CN112621316A (en) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-09 徐州通域空间结构有限公司 Integration device is used in processing of rack bolt ball

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Application publication date: 20210917