CN111520416B - Sliding pair structure of steering intermediate shaft of automobile - Google Patents
Sliding pair structure of steering intermediate shaft of automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111520416B CN111520416B CN202010378060.2A CN202010378060A CN111520416B CN 111520416 B CN111520416 B CN 111520416B CN 202010378060 A CN202010378060 A CN 202010378060A CN 111520416 B CN111520416 B CN 111520416B
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- spline
- injection molding
- sliding pair
- shaft
- rolling
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/02—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions
- F16D3/06—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement
- F16D3/065—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive adapted to specific functions specially adapted to allow axial displacement by means of rolling elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D3/00—Steering gears
- B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Steering Controls (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile steering shafts, in particular to an automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure, which has the advantages that the deformation of injection molding ring teeth of the existing automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair is large and the safety failure risk exists, the automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure comprises a spline shaft and a spline tube, an injection molding body is arranged outside the spline shaft, a plurality of first spline steel teeth and first rollaway nest are distributed on the outer surface of the spline shaft, knurled splines are arranged on the surface of the annular groove, second spline steel teeth corresponding to the first spline steel teeth and second rollaway nest corresponding to the first rollaway nest are arranged on the inner wall of the spline tube, the injection molding body is a discontinuous structure attached to the surfaces of the spline shaft annular groove and the first rollaway nest, a third rollaway nest and the injection molding ring teeth corresponding to the second rollaway nest on the spline tube are distributed on the outer surface of the injection molding body, and rolling pieces are arranged in a closed rollaway nest formed jointly by the spline tube and the injection molding body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile steering shafts, in particular to an automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure.
Background
The common steering intermediate shaft sliding pair has 3 structures, namely a nylon coating sliding pair, an injection spline sliding pair and a steel ball sliding pair.
The nylon coating sliding pair is characterized in that: the sliding pair consists of a spline shaft, a spline tube and a nylon coating 3 attached to the surface of the spline shaft, but the nylon coating participates in friction in the whole course when the sliding pair works, and the abrasion of the nylon coating is correspondingly accelerated along with the increase of the acting torque and the increase of the acting time, so that early abnormal sound is easy to generate, and the sliding pair is not suitable for high-torque C-EPS application; the torsional rigidity of the sliding pair is low due to the nylon coating, so that the steering sensitivity of the vehicle is reduced; the sliding friction force is not easy to control, and customer loading complaints are easily caused.
The injection spline sliding pair is characterized in that: the sliding pair consists of a spline shaft, a spline tube and a plurality of (generally more than or equal to 2) injection molding ring tooth parts which are distributed on the surface of the spline shaft at intervals, and in order to ensure the adhesiveness of an injection molding ring on the surface of the spline shaft, a knurled spline is generally designed on the outer surface of the annular part of the spline shaft corresponding to the injection molding ring tooth; the working principle is as follows: the steel teeth of the spline shaft and the steel teeth of the spline tube are designed to be in clearance fit, the span of the injection molding ring teeth is larger than that of the steel teeth of the spline shaft, and the injection molding ring teeth and the internal spline of the spline tube form interference fit, and the injection molding ring teeth are extruded and deformed during assembly so as to be clung to the internal spline surface of the spline tube and eliminate the physical clearance between the spline shaft and the spline tube; when the sliding pair transmits torque, the injection molding ring gear is firstly extruded by the internal spline of the spline tube to generate plastic deformation and transmit torque, and as the acting torque rises, the deformation of the injection molding ring gear is gradually increased and the internal spline of the spline tube is gradually contacted with the external spline of the upper spline shaft to transmit larger torque load, and the transmission of torque is smoothly realized due to the existence of the injection molding ring gear in the whole loading process, so that abnormal noise caused by mechanical impact of the steel gear is avoided; but the injection molding ring is realized through an injection molding process, and the precision requirement on an injection mold is high; in order to ensure that the sliding pair has higher overall torsional rigidity, the injection molding ring tooth profile is generally designed to be larger, so that the sliding force of a product is easy to be higher, further the operation strength of workers in a main machine factory is increased, and customer complaints are caused; the sliding force smoothness is not easy to control, the fluctuation is large, and the customer experience is poor.
The steel ball sliding pair is characterized in that: the sliding pair consists of a spline shaft, a spline tube and a steel ball 3, and in order to facilitate assembly of a production line, the steel ball is generally preassembled by using a retainer to form a steel ball retainer assembly; the working principle is as follows: in order to reduce friction, the spline shaft and the spline tube rollaway nest are designed into peach-shaped rollaway nest, the steel balls are positioned in the peach-shaped rollaway nest to form a 4-point contact design, rolling friction is realized while torque is transmitted, so that a sliding pair can generate smaller sliding force, but the rollaway nest matching part has the safety failure risk that the torque cannot be effectively transmitted after the steel balls are separated or broken, and the essential design defect exists; the spline shaft and the spline tube are subjected to heat treatment to improve the surface hardness, so that the manufacturing cost is high; the spline shaft and the spline tube roller path are required to be subjected to grinding or precise cold extrusion forming, the former is high in manufacturing cost and low in production efficiency; the latter can be formed by a plurality of cold extrusion processes, the mold investment is large, and the maintenance cost is high; the steel balls generally need to be managed in groups, and the cost increases.
The existing three steering intermediate shaft sliding pairs have the advantages but the defects, and a new automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure is preset for solving the defects of the existing intermediate shaft sliding pairs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure, which solves the problems that the injection molding ring teeth of the existing automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair are large in deformation, and the existing steel ball sliding pair cannot effectively transmit torque once the steel ball is separated from the steel ball, so that the safety failure risk is solved.
The technical proposal is that the sliding pair structure of the steering intermediate shaft of the automobile comprises a spline shaft and a spline tube, wherein an injection molding body is arranged outside the spline shaft, a plurality of discontinuous first spline steel teeth and first rollaway nest are distributed on the outer surface of the spline shaft, each first spline steel tooth is arranged along the circumferential direction of the spline shaft and is distributed along the extending direction of the spline shaft, an annular groove is formed between each first spline steel tooth, a knurled spline is arranged on the surface of the annular groove, each first rollaway nest is arranged along the extending direction of the spline shaft and is distributed along the circumferential direction of the spline shaft, a second spline steel tooth corresponding to each first spline steel tooth and a second rollaway nest corresponding to the first rollaway nest are arranged on the inner wall of the spline tube, the injection molding body is a discontinuous structure attached on the surface of the spline shaft annular groove and the surface of the first rollaway nest, the outer surface of the injection molding body is provided with a third raceway and injection molding ring teeth which correspond to the second raceway on the spline tube, the structure of the injection molding ring teeth on the surface of the injection molding body is positioned at each annular groove, a rolling piece is arranged in a closed raceway groove formed by the second raceway on the spline tube and the third raceway on the injection molding body, in order to eliminate a sliding pair clearance, the contact part of the rolling piece and the raceway groove adopts a prepressing design, namely the rolling piece is in interference connection with the surface of the injection molding body, when the sliding pair is subjected to torsion loading, the second raceway on the inner wall of the spline tube firstly extrudes the rolling piece, and the rolling piece extrudes the third raceway on the injection molding body contacted with the rolling piece and causes the rolling piece to elastically deform; along with the increase of loading torque, the relative angular displacement of the spline tube and the spline shaft is increased, and the second spline steel tooth on the spline tube is gradually contacted with the injection molding ring tooth firstly, then contacted with the first steel tooth spline on the spline shaft, and finally the purpose of transmitting higher torque is realized.
Furthermore, the injection molding body is provided with at least two injection molding ring teeth at intervals, the span of the injection molding ring teeth is larger than that of the steel teeth on the spline shaft, and the span difference between the injection molding ring teeth and the steel teeth is 0.02-0.5 mm.
Still further, the first raceway is the circular arc raceway, the second raceway and the third raceway are peach-shaped raceway to form peach-shaped raceway groove jointly, form 4 point contact designs with the rolling member.
Furthermore, the spline shaft is designed as a hollow shaft, so that the weight of the product is reduced.
Still further, the rolling elements are spherical.
Still further, the rolling member is a cylindrical roller.
Furthermore, the injection molding body is coated on the surface of the spline shaft through an injection molding process.
Furthermore, the spline shaft and the spline tube are manufactured and molded by adopting a broaching process or a cold extrusion process.
The sliding pair mainly realizes telescopic movement through rolling of the rolling piece under the condition of no load by the aid of the rolling piece, and compared with a traditional nylon coating sliding pair and an injection spline sliding pair, the sliding force of the sliding pair can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile smoothness of sliding can be improved; in addition, due to the design of the spline steel teeth, when the steel balls are separated from the sliding pair, torque can be effectively transmitted through the spline steel teeth on the spline shaft and the spline pipe, potential safety hazards of the traditional steel ball sliding pair are solved, and compared with the traditional steel ball sliding pair, the steel ball sliding pair has the advantages that the grouping management requirements on the steel balls are greatly reduced, and the management and control cost can be effectively saved; in addition, the spline shaft does not need heat treatment, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the problems existing in the existing three automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structures are solved, and the steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure with relatively higher advantages is formed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the A-A directional structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the present inventionAn enlarged schematic view of the structure is shown.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the B-B directional structure of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the present inventionAn enlarged schematic view of the structure is shown.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the spline shaft structure of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the C-C directional structure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the spline tube structure of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the D-D structure of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the present inventionAn enlarged schematic view of the structure is shown.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of an injection molded article of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the mating structure of the roller-type rolling element of the present invention.
1. Spline shaft, spline tube, 3 injection molding body, 4 rolling element, 51, first spline steel tooth, 52, second spline steel tooth, 6, raceway groove, 61, first raceway, 62, second raceway, 63, third raceway, 7, annular groove, 8, knurled spline, 9, injection molding ring tooth.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate directions or positional relationships, which are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Embodiment one: the automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure comprises a spline shaft 1 and a spline tube 2, wherein an injection molding body 3 is arranged outside the spline shaft 1, a plurality of discontinuous first spline steel teeth 51 and first rolling ways 61 are distributed on the outer surface of the spline shaft 1, the first spline steel teeth 51 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the spline shaft 1 and distributed according to the extending direction of the spline shaft 1, annular grooves 7 are formed between the first spline steel teeth 51, knurled splines 8 are arranged on the surface of the annular grooves 7, the first rolling ways 61 are arranged according to the extending direction of the spline shaft 1 and distributed according to the circumferential direction of the spline shaft 1, second spline steel teeth 52 corresponding to the first spline steel teeth 51 and second rolling ways 62 corresponding to the first rolling ways 61 are arranged on the inner wall of the spline tube 2, the injection molding body 3 is a discontinuous structure which is coated on the surface of the annular groove 7 and the surface of the first rolling way 61 through an injection molding process, a third rolling way 63 and an injection molding ring tooth 9 corresponding to the second rolling way 62 on the spline tube 2 are distributed on the outer surface of the injection molding body 3, the rolling ring groove 3 is arranged on the surface of the rolling pair, and the rolling groove 4 is extruded by the rolling way 4 and the rolling way 4 is in a seal groove 4, and the rolling way is extruded by the rolling groove 4, and the rolling way is deformed when the rolling groove 4 is in the joint of the rolling groove 4 is pressed by the injection molding body, and the rolling groove 4 is in the seal groove 4, and the rolling groove 4 is pressed by the rolling groove 4; along with the increase of the loading torque, the relative angular displacement of the spline tube 2 and the spline shaft 1 is increased, and the second spline steel teeth 52 on the spline tube 2 are gradually contacted with the injection molding ring teeth 9, then contacted with the first steel tooth spline 51 on the spline shaft 1, and finally the purpose of transmitting higher torque is realized, when the rolling piece 4 is separated from the sliding pair, the torque can still be effectively transmitted due to the existence of the spline steel teeth, the potential safety hazard of the traditional steel ball sliding pair is solved, and the spline tube are manufactured and molded by adopting a broaching process or a cold extrusion molding process.
Embodiment two: on the basis of an embodiment, the injection molding body 3 is provided with at least two injection molding ring teeth 9 at intervals, the span of the injection molding ring teeth 9 is larger than that of a first spline steel tooth, the span difference between the injection molding ring teeth 9 and the first spline steel tooth is 0.02-0.5mm, the first rollaway nest 61 is an arc rollaway nest, the second rollaway nest 62 and the third rollaway nest 63 are peach-shaped rollaway nest, the peach-shaped rollaway nest is composed of 2 sections of eccentric R1 and R2 arcs, R1 = R2 is designed, R1 and R2 are symmetrically distributed relative to the rollaway nest center plane, alpha is the contact angle of the rolling bodies 4 and R1, and correspondingly, the rolling bodies 4 and R2 also have contact angles which are equal to alpha and symmetrical relative to the rollaway nest center plane. The purpose of this design is to allow the rolling elements to make point contact within the raceways to maximize rolling friction reduction, the raceway grooves being peach-shaped raceways forming a 4-point contact design with the rolling elements.
In the above embodiment, the spline shaft 1 is a hollow shaft design, so that the weight of the product is reduced.
In the above embodiment, the rolling members 4 are spherical.
In the above embodiment, the rolling members 4 are cylindrical rollers.
The sliding pair mainly realizes telescopic movement through rolling of the rolling piece under the condition of no load by the aid of the rolling piece, and compared with a traditional nylon coating sliding pair and an injection spline sliding pair, the sliding force of the sliding pair can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile smoothness of sliding can be improved; in addition, due to the design of the spline steel teeth, when the steel balls are separated from the sliding pair, torque can be effectively transmitted through the spline steel teeth on the spline shaft and the spline pipe, potential safety hazards of the traditional steel ball sliding pair are solved, and compared with the traditional steel ball sliding pair, the steel ball sliding pair has the advantages that the grouping management requirements on the steel balls are greatly reduced, and the management and control cost can be effectively saved; in addition, the spline shaft does not need heat treatment, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the problems existing in the existing three automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structures are solved, and the steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure with relatively higher advantages is formed.
The present invention has been described in detail by way of specific embodiments and examples, but these should not be construed as limiting the invention. Many variations and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention, which is also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The sliding pair structure of the automobile steering intermediate shaft comprises a spline shaft (1) and a spline tube (2), and is characterized in that an injection molding body (3) is arranged outside the spline shaft (1), a plurality of discontinuous first spline steel teeth (51) and first rolling tracks (61) are distributed on the outer surface of the spline shaft (1), each first spline steel tooth (51) is arranged according to the circumferential direction of the spline shaft (1) and is distributed according to the extending direction of the spline shaft (1), an annular groove (7) is formed between each first spline steel tooth (51), knurled splines (8) are arranged on the surface of the annular groove (7), each first rolling track (61) is arranged according to the extending direction of the spline shaft (1) and is distributed according to the circumferential direction of the spline shaft (1), a second spline steel tooth (52) corresponding to each first spline steel tooth (51) and a second rolling track (62) corresponding to each first rolling track (61) are arranged on the inner wall of the spline tube (2), the injection molding body (3) is a discontinuous structure attached to the surface of the spline shaft (1) and the surface of the first spline steel tooth (61), the second spline steel tooth (63) is distributed on the outer surface of the injection molding body (3) corresponding to the second rolling tracks (9), a rolling piece (4) is arranged in a closed raceway groove (6) formed by the spline tube (2) and the injection molding body (3), and the rolling piece (4) is in interference connection with the surface of the injection molding body (3);
When the sliding pair is subjected to torsion loading, the second rollaway nest (62) of the inner wall of the spline tube firstly presses the rolling element (4), and the rolling element (4) presses the third rollaway nest (63) on the injection molding body contacted with the rolling element and elastically deforms the third rollaway nest; along with the increase of the loading torque, the relative angular displacement of the spline tube (2) and the spline shaft (1) is increased, and the second spline steel teeth (52) on the spline tube (2) are gradually contacted with the injection molding ring teeth (9) firstly, then are contacted with the first steel tooth spline (51) on the spline shaft (1), and finally, the purpose of transmitting higher torque is realized, and when the rolling element (4) is separated from the sliding pair, the torque can still be effectively transmitted due to the existence of the spline steel teeth.
2. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, wherein at least two injection molding ring teeth (9) are distributed on the injection molding body (3) at intervals, the span of the injection molding ring teeth (9) is larger than that of the first spline steel teeth (51), and the span difference of the injection molding ring teeth and the first spline steel teeth is between 0.02 mm and 0.5 mm.
3. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, wherein the first raceway (61) is a circular arc raceway, and the second raceway (62) and the third raceway (63) are peach-shaped raceways.
4. The steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the spline shaft (1) is of hollow shaft design.
5. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, wherein the rolling member (4) is spherical.
6. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, wherein the rolling member (4) is a cylindrical roller.
7. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 1, wherein the injection molding body (3) is coated on the surface of the spline shaft (1) through an injection molding process.
8. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 7, wherein the spline shaft and the spline tube are manufactured and molded by adopting a cold extrusion process.
9. The automobile steering intermediate shaft sliding pair structure according to claim 7, wherein the spline shaft and the spline tube are manufactured and formed by a broaching process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010378060.2A CN111520416B (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Sliding pair structure of steering intermediate shaft of automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010378060.2A CN111520416B (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Sliding pair structure of steering intermediate shaft of automobile |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111520416A CN111520416A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
| CN111520416B true CN111520416B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010378060.2A Active CN111520416B (en) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Sliding pair structure of steering intermediate shaft of automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111520416B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113619677B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-07-14 | 豫北凯斯特隆（新乡）汽车科技有限公司 | Steering shaft and ball frame structure for transmitting torque |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111520416A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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