CN113398984A - Preparation method and application of metallic nickel packaging and embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of metallic nickel packaging and embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve Download PDF

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CN113398984A
CN113398984A CN202110685199.6A CN202110685199A CN113398984A CN 113398984 A CN113398984 A CN 113398984A CN 202110685199 A CN202110685199 A CN 202110685199A CN 113398984 A CN113398984 A CN 113398984A
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molecular sieve
hierarchical pore
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CN113398984B (en
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曹景沛
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J29/00Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
    • B01J29/04Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
    • B01J29/06Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
    • B01J29/40Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
    • B01J29/42Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
    • B01J29/46Iron group metals or copper
    • B01J35/647
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • B01J37/10Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/30Ion-exchange
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B39/00Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
    • C01B39/02Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
    • C01B39/36Pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11
    • C01B39/38Type ZSM-5
    • C01B39/40Type ZSM-5 using at least one organic template directing agent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2229/00Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
    • B01J2229/10After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
    • B01J2229/18After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
    • B01J2229/186After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself not in framework positions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/80Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
    • C01P2002/85Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by XPS, EDX or EDAX data
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a metal nickel-encapsulated and embedded multistage-hole ZSM-5 molecular sieve, a preparation method of metal nickel-supported modified carbon black and a preparation method of steam-assisted encapsulated metal nickel. The method comprises the synthesis of an H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve, the synthesis of a metallic nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve (metallic nickel is fixed in a molecular sieve mesoporous structure in an in-situ growth mode), and the synthesis of a hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve embedded by metallic nickel as a core (metallic nickel is embedded in the mesoporous structure in a mode of epitaxial crystallization to form a shell as the core). The preparation process of the metal nickel-encapsulated and embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 catalyst has the advantages of low cost, high activity of the prepared Ni-HeZ5 catalyst, high efficiency of converting lignite pyrolysis volatile components into light aromatic hydrocarbons when coupling hydrogen is used as a reaction auxiliary agent, high selectivity, high yield and good application prospect.

Description

Preparation method and application of metallic nickel packaging and embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a metal nickel-encapsulated and embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve.
Background
The ZSM-5 molecular sieve is an important microporous material and is widely applied to the fields of petrochemical industry, oil refining, fine chemistry and the like. Molecular sieve catalysis has a unique position in environmentally friendly chemical processing because it can provide specific pathways for hydrocarbon processing and chemical synthesis.
However, for many chemical reactions, the space requirements for reactants and products exceed the pore size, and in particular the narrow pore size of microporous ZSM-5 has a repulsive effect on lignite pyrolysis derived heavy volatile components with molecular sizes larger than the characteristic pore size. The multistage pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve can give consideration to the pore property of the catalyst and the synergistic effect of the active sites, and has good diffusion performance. The metal-loaded ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst has high metal utilization rate and shows special activity in certain specific reactions.
However, the stability of these catalytic materials in heterogeneous catalytic systems is difficult to ensure, and under heating or H2 or Ar atmosphere, the metals will gradually agglomerate to form larger particles, and the deactivation is serious. The hierarchical pore ZSM-5 is a material with a micro-mesoporous structure, metal particles are filled in a molecular sieve, and the metal is stabilized by using pore channels of the molecular sieve, so that researchers have prepared various metal materials wrapped by the molecular sieve by methods such as ion exchange, in-situ synthesis of metal and molecular sieve precursors, and the like. However, it is still a well-known difficulty to construct ordered micro-mesoporous gradient multi-level pore ZSM-5, overcome the limitation of pore channel transport of molecular sieve, and improve the accessibility of its active site.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a metallic nickel packaging and embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve, and solves the technical problems in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a metal nickel-encapsulated and embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve comprises the synthesis of an H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve (HeZ5), the synthesis of a metal nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve (Ni-HeZ5) (namely, metal nickel in Ni-HeZ5 is fixed in a molecular sieve mesoporous structure in an in-situ growth mode), the synthesis of a metal nickel-core-embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve (Ni @ HeZ5) (namely, metal nickel in Ni @ HeZ5 is embedded in the mesoporous structure in a mode of epitaxial crystallization and shell formation as a core),
synthesis of the H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve (HeZ 5):
s1, taking HNO3Adding carbon black into the solution, and stirring, washing, filtering and drying to obtain carbon black powder subjected to oxidation modification;
s2, mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) serving as a silicon source, aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate serving as an aluminum source, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) serving as a structure directing agent and modified carbon black serving as a hard template agent according to a ratio to prepare a synthetic liquid, and performing hydrothermal crystallization treatment to obtain a solid-liquid mixed state;
s3, washing and filtering the solid-liquid mixed state to obtain filter residue, and drying and roasting the filter residue to obtain the Na-type molecular sieve;
s4, use of NH4Carrying out ion exchange on the Na-type molecular sieve by using a Cl solution, and drying and air roasting to obtain an H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve;
synthesizing the metallic nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve (Ni-HeZ 5):
s5, weighing nickel nitrate hydrate by adopting a wet impregnation method, adding the nickel nitrate hydrate into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction until the nickel nitrate hydrate is completely dissolved, then adding the oxidized and modified carbon black powder obtained in S1, and obtaining nickel-supported oxidized carbon black powder after stirring, vacuum standing, drying and roasting; wherein: the loading amount of metallic Ni in the nickel-supported oxidized carbon black is 1.2%;
s6 carbon black oxide (Ni/HNO) supported by nickel3-CB) is used as a hard template agent and a metal source, the synthetic material ratio of synthetic liquid phase in S2 is the same, and the synthetic material ratio is according to SiO2Molar ratio of/Ni 507: 1, preparing a synthetic liquid A by a one-step hydrothermal synthesis method, and carrying out hydrothermal crystallization, washing, drying, roasting and ion exchange treatment on the synthetic liquid A to obtain a high-dispersion metallic nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve;
the synthesis of the multi-stage pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve (Ni @ HeZ5) embedded by taking metallic nickel as a core comprises the following steps:
s7, weighing nickel nitrate hydrate by adopting a wet impregnation method, adding the nickel nitrate hydrate into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction until the nickel nitrate hydrate is completely dissolved, then adding the H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve prepared in S4, stirring, standing in vacuum and drying to obtain solid powder B, and calcining the solid powder B at high temperature to obtain Ni/HeZ5 powder;
s8, putting the Ni/HeZ5 powder prepared in the previous step into a tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide solution, drying, then carrying out hydrothermal crystallization treatment, and then carrying out washing, drying, roasting and ion exchange treatment to obtain Ni @ HeZ 5; wherein: SiO 22Tetrapropylammonium hydroxide 1:0.42, SiO2The molar ratio/Ni was 370.
Further, HNO in S13Oxidizing agent in solution: water 1: 4.
Further, the mixture ratio of each material in the synthetic liquid in the S2 is SiO2:Al2O3:Na2O:TPAOH:H2O1: 0.02:0.09:0.2: 35; wherein: SiO 22/C(HNO3-CB)=0.52。
Further, the hydrothermal crystallization treatment in S2 specifically includes: and (3) crystallizing the synthetic solution for 72 hours in a hydrothermal environment with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining at the temperature of 170 ℃.
Further, in the S6, the nickel-supported carbon black oxide (Ni/HNO)3-CB) was mixed with ethanol.
Further, in S7, the high-temperature calcination of the solid powder B is specifically performed by: the solid powder B was calcined in an Ar atmosphere at 2 ℃/min from room temperature to 600 ℃ for 2 h.
Further, the metallic nickel packaged hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve is applied to the aspect of upgrading light aromatic hydrocarbons by catalytically reforming lignite pyrolysis volatile matters.
The preparation method of the metallic nickel packaging and embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve comprises the following specific steps of:
weighing lignite particles, placing the lignite particles in a feeding device, connecting the lignite particles with a reaction tube, then adding metal nickel for packaging and embedding the hierarchical pore ZSM-5 catalyst particles, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the reaction tube, and carrying out catalytic reforming to generate light aromatic hydrocarbon;
wherein: the total selectivity of light aromatics is greater than 91.7%.
Further, the pyrolysis reaction is carried out in the presence of H2While the thermal temperature and the catalytic temperature are 600 ℃, lignite is delivered to a pyrolysis zone at 600 ℃ with a feed rate of 0.1g/min, and subsequently pyrolysis volatiles are H2The gas flow is swept to 600 ℃ and contains a metal nickel packaging and embedding multistage hole ZSM-5 catalyst bed layer for catalytic reforming to generate light aromatic hydrocarbon.
Further, the Ni-HeZ5 catalyzed carbon deposit content is as low as 2.39%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides two different preparation methods for encapsulating and embedding the multi-level pore ZSM-5 by using metal nickel, and the preparation process of the catalyst is unique, wherein firstly, the metal nickel supports the modified carbon black in-situ synthesized molecular sieve to realize the encapsulation of a nickel species structure, and secondly, the steam assists in fixing the metal by taking the metal nickel as a core and forming a shell through epitaxial crystallization, so that the recrystallization of the peripheral molecular sieve of the metal supported multi-level pore ZSM-5 is realized. Overcomes the defects of high aggregation of metal particles and poor thermal stability of the metal particles caused by using a conventional post-treatment method for reaming and modifying the ZSM-5 molecular sieve by a metal surface modification method.
2. The preparation process of the metal nickel-encapsulated and embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 catalyst has the advantages of low cost, high activity of the prepared Ni-HeZ5 catalyst, high efficiency of converting lignite pyrolysis volatile components into light aromatic hydrocarbons when coupling hydrogen is used as a reaction auxiliary agent, high selectivity, high yield and good application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of multi-level well HeZ5(a), Ni @ HeZ5(b), and Ni-HeZ5(c) made in accordance with an example of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of pore size distribution for multilevel pore HeZ5, Ni-HeZ5, and Ni @ HeZ5 made using a DFT process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an XPS plot of Ni @ HeZ5 and Ni-HeZ5 produced in accordance with an example of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows NH of Ni @ HeZ5 and Ni-HeZ5 prepared in accordance with an example of the present invention3-a TPD spectrum;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the carbon yield and carbon selectivity profiles of BTEXN obtained in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a metallic nickel packaging and embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve, which comprises the synthesis of an H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve (HeZ5), the synthesis of a metallic nickel packaging hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve (Ni-HeZ5) and the synthesis of a metallic nickel core embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve (Ni @ HeZ 5).
Synthesis of H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve (HeZ 5):
s1, taking 100mL of HNO with the content concentration of 25%3Adding 3g of commercial carbon black into the solution (i.e. oxidant: water ═ 1:4), placing into a polytetrafluoroethylene cup, mechanically stirring for 24h, washing, suction filtering, then placing into a forced air drying oven, drying at 60 ℃ for 4h, and drying at 100 ℃ for 24h to obtain the oxidation modified carbon black powder (HNO)3-CB) for use.
S2, adopting a hard template method, taking tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a silicon source, taking aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate as an aluminum source, and taking tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) as a structureThe guiding agent and the modified carbon black are used as hard template agents according to the initial molar material ratio (SiO)2:Al2O3:Na2O:TPAOH:H2O=1:0.02:0.09:0.2:35;SiO2/C(HNO3-CB) ═ 0.52) to prepare a synthetic solution, and then the synthetic solution is placed in a hydrothermal kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining to be crystallized for 72 hours at the temperature of 170 ℃ to obtain a solid-liquid mixed state.
S3, washing and filtering the solid-liquid mixed state to obtain filter residue (namely a filter cake shape), then placing the filter residue in a blast drying oven to dry at 100 ℃ overnight, and then placing the filter residue in a muffle furnace to bake at 550 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the Na-type molecular sieve.
S4, NH with the mass concentration of the used substance being 1.0mol/L4And (3) carrying out ion exchange on the Cl solution Na type molecular sieve, and drying (110 ℃, 24H) and roasting in air (550 ℃, 5H) to obtain the H type hierarchical pore molecular sieve (HeZ 5).
Synthesis of metallic nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5(Ni-HeZ5) molecular sieve:
s5, weighing 0.0923g of nickel nitrate hydrate by a wet impregnation method, adding into deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min until the nickel nitrate hydrate is completely dissolved. Followed by the addition of the oxidatively modified carbon black powder (HNO) as prepared in S13-CB), after stirring, vacuum standing (24h) and drying (12h), the powder mixture obtained is placed in a tube furnace and calcined in an Ar atmosphere at 2 ℃/min from room temperature to 600 ℃ for 2h, obtaining a nickel-supported carbon black oxide (Ni/HNO)3-CB) powder.
S6, wetting Ni/HNO with 3g of ethanol solution3-the CB powder is pre-treated for future use. Ni/HNO prepared in S5 by one-step hydrothermal synthesis method3-CB as hard template agent and metal source, SiO in initial molar mass ratio2:Al2O3:Na2O:TPAOH:H2O=1:0.02:0.09:0.2:35,SiO2The mol ratio of Ni to the solid is 507, synthetic liquid A is prepared, and the synthetic liquid A is transferred to a hydrothermal kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining to be crystallized for 72 hours at 170 ℃, so that a solid-liquid mixture is obtained. After washing and suction filtration of the solid-liquid mixture, the filter cake was dried overnight at 100 ℃ in a forced air drying oven. Then, the sample was placed in a horseRoasting the mixture for 5 hours at 550 ℃ in a muffle furnace to obtain the Na-type molecular sieve. Subsequently, 1.0mol/L NH was used4And (3) carrying out ion exchange on the Na-type molecular sieve for 3 times by using a Cl solution in a water bath kettle at the temperature of 80 ℃, and then drying (110 ℃, 24 hours) and roasting (550 ℃, 5 hours) a filtered filter cake to obtain the high-dispersion metallic nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve (Ni-HeZ 5).
The synthesis of the metallic nickel core-embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5(Ni @ HeZ5) molecular sieve:
s7, weighing 0.2104g of nickel nitrate hydrate, adding into deionized water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min until the nickel nitrate hydrate is completely dissolved. Subsequently, the H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve (HeZ5) prepared in S4 was added, and after stirring, vacuum standing (24H) and drying (12H), solid powder B was obtained, and the solid powder B was calcined in a tube furnace at 2 ℃/min from room temperature to 600 ℃ for 2H in an Ar atmosphere to obtain Ni/HeZ5 powder.
S8, taking 4g of prepared Ni/HeZ5 and putting the Ni/HeZ5 into a beaker according to the molar ratio of materials to SiO2:TPAOH=1:0.42,SiO2The molar ratio of Ni/tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) was added to the mixture at a molar ratio of 370, followed by drying at room temperature for a while, and then Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) was added and drying at room temperature was continued overnight to obtain a mixture. The mixture was transferred to a teflon liner and crystallized in an outer liner containing 100mL of water at 170 ℃ for 72 hours. After washing and suction filtration of the solid-liquid mixture, the filter cake was dried overnight in a forced air drying oven at 100 ℃. Then, the sample is placed in a muffle furnace to be roasted for 5 hours at the temperature of 550 ℃, and the Na-type molecular sieve is obtained. Subsequently, 1.0mol/L NH was used4And (3) carrying out ion exchange on the Na-type molecular sieve for 3 times by using a Cl solution in a water bath kettle at the temperature of 80 ℃, and then drying (110 ℃, 24 hours) and roasting (550 ℃, 5 hours) a filtered filter cake to obtain the metallic nickel core embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5(Ni @ HeZ5) molecular sieve.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of multi-level hole HeZ5(a), Ni @ HeZ5(b), and Ni-HeZ5(c) made in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 1a, the synthesized hierarchical pores HeZ5 are intracrystalline mesopores, which can fill metal particles into the molecular sieve and stabilize the metal; the metal of Ni-HeZ5 in fig. 1b is attached to and highly dispersed in the hierarchical pore molecular sieve structure; in FIG. 1c, the metallic nickel of Ni @ HeZ5 is used as a core, and the molecular sieve which is externally arranged is embedded in the multilevel pore structure in an internal manner in a recrystallization mode.
FIG. 2 is a graph of pore size distributions of multi-level pores HeZ5, Ni-HeZ5, and Ni @ HeZ5 made in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 2, HeZ5 is a hierarchical pore channel with micro-mesoporous gradient, the metal species remains in the molecular sieve structure after being baked by attaching carbon black, and part of the metal species can block the mesoporous pore channel with the pore diameter ranging from 50nm to 60nm to generate more micropores, and at the same time, the addition of nickel and carbon black generates larger mesopores ranging from 11 nm to 50 nm.
FIG. 3 is an XPS plot of Ni-HeZ5 and Ni @ HeZ5 prepared in accordance with examples of the present invention; as shown in FIG. 3, most of the metallic nickel species in Ni-HeZ5 is NiO. The metallic nickel species of Ni @ HeZ5 recrystallized to produce lone electron nickel species, and the aluminum species of Ni @ HeZ5 was lower. Illustrating that different encapsulation and embedding regimes are different for the immobilization of metallic nickel species.
FIG. 4 shows NH of Ni-HeZ5 and Ni @ HeZ5 prepared in examples of the present invention3-a TPD spectrum; as can be seen from FIG. 3, recrystallization shifts the strong acid in Ni @ HeZ5 to the super acid and the content is high.
Example 2: the application of the metallic nickel encapsulated and embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5(Ni-HeZ5 and Ni @ HeZ5) prepared by the method in the aspect of upgrading light aromatic hydrocarbon by catalytically reforming lignite pyrolysis volatile matters is realized by carrying out catalytic reforming reaction on the lignite pyrolysis volatile matters by utilizing Ni-HeZ5 and Ni @ HeZ5, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the method is carried out in a normal-pressure falling bed pyrolysis device. Proper amount of lignite particles are weighed and placed in a feeding hopper and connected to a reaction tube. In a quartz reaction tube (the length of the tube is 360mm, the inner diameter is 22mm), a proper amount of metallic nickel packaging multistage hole ZSM-5 catalyst particles are poured into the quartz reaction tube by a funnel, a certain amount of quartz wool is put into the quartz reaction tube to be used as a partition, then the reaction tube is put into a pyrolysis furnace, and all paths of gas are connected and the gas tightness of the reaction tube is checked.
(2) The experimental conditions were: h2The pyrolysis temperature and the catalytic temperature were 600 ℃ and the space velocity was 1.5s under the atmosphere. 2.0g of lignite was delivered to a pyrolysis zone at 600 ℃ at a feed rate of 0.1 g/min. Subsequently, the pyrolysis volatiles are H2The air flow is swept to the temperature of 600 DEG CContains 3.0g of metallic nickel to encapsulate a multistage pore ZSM-5 catalyst bed layer, and carries out catalytic reforming to generate light aromatic hydrocarbon.
The upgraded gas tar enters a trapping system (a cold trap containing 100mL of methanol), the chemical components of the tar are analyzed in an off-line mode by a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, the content of light aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEXN) in the tar is quantitatively analyzed by the gas chromatography through an external standard method, the generated non-condensable gas is collected through an air bag, and pyrolysis gases (CO and CO) are subjected to pyrolysis through the gas chromatography through the external standard method2、C1-C4Alkane and C1-C3Olefins) were analyzed off-line quantitatively. After the experiment is finished, the pyrolytic coke and the used catalyst are separated, and the carbon element content and the carbon deposit content of the pyrolytic coke are measured by an element analyzer and a synchronous thermal analyzer.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the carbon selectivity profile of light aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEXN) produced in example 2 of the present invention; as can be seen from FIG. 5, compared with the yield of light aromatics produced by catalytic reforming with multi-stage pore HeZ5, the carbon yield of BETXN obtained by Ni-HeZ5 catalysis was 28.7%, and the selectivity was as high as 91.7%.
In conclusion, the preparation process of the metallic nickel-encapsulated and embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 catalyst has the advantages of low cost, high activity of the prepared Ni-HeZ5 catalyst, high efficiency of converting lignite pyrolysis volatile components into light aromatic hydrocarbons when coupling hydrogen is used as a reaction auxiliary agent, high selectivity, high yield and good application prospect.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a metallic nickel packaging and embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve comprises the synthesis of an H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve, the synthesis of the metallic nickel packaging hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve, and the synthesis of the metallic nickel core embedding hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve, which is characterized in that,
the synthesis of the H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve comprises the following steps:
s1, taking HNO3Adding carbon black into the solution, and stirring, washing, filtering and drying to obtain carbon black powder subjected to oxidation modification;
s2, mixing tetraethyl orthosilicate as a silicon source, aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate as an aluminum source, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide as a structure directing agent and modified carbon black as a hard template agent according to a ratio to prepare a synthetic liquid, and performing hydrothermal crystallization treatment to obtain a solid-liquid mixed state;
s3, washing and filtering the solid-liquid mixed state to obtain filter residue, and drying and roasting the filter residue to obtain the Na-type molecular sieve;
s4, use of NH4Carrying out ion exchange on the Na-type molecular sieve by using a Cl solution, and drying and air roasting to obtain an H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve;
synthesizing the metallic nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve:
s5, weighing nickel nitrate hydrate by adopting a wet impregnation method, adding the nickel nitrate hydrate into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction until the nickel nitrate hydrate is completely dissolved, then adding the oxidized and modified carbon black powder obtained in S1, and obtaining nickel-supported oxidized carbon black powder after stirring, vacuum standing, drying and roasting; wherein: the loading amount of metallic Ni in the nickel-supported oxidized carbon black is 1.2%;
s6, mixing the synthetic materials with the nickel-supported oxidized carbon black as the hard template agent and the metal source in the same proportion of the synthetic liquid phase in S2 according to SiO2Ni MoThe molar ratio is 507: 1, preparing a synthetic liquid A by a one-step hydrothermal synthesis method, and carrying out hydrothermal crystallization, washing, drying, roasting and ion exchange treatment on the synthetic liquid A to obtain a high-dispersion metallic nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve;
the synthesis of the multilevel pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve with the metal nickel as the core comprises the following steps:
s7, weighing nickel nitrate hydrate by adopting a wet impregnation method, adding the nickel nitrate hydrate into deionized water for ultrasonic reaction until the nickel nitrate hydrate is completely dissolved, then adding the H-type hierarchical pore molecular sieve prepared in S4, stirring, standing in vacuum and drying to obtain solid powder B, and calcining the solid powder B at high temperature to obtain Ni/HeZ5 powder;
s8, putting the Ni/HeZ5 powder prepared in the previous step into a tetrapropyl ammonium hydroxide solution, drying, then carrying out hydrothermal crystallization treatment, and then carrying out washing, drying, roasting and ion exchange treatment to obtain Ni @ HeZ 5; wherein: SiO 22Tetrapropylammonium hydroxide 1:0.42, SiO2The molar ratio/Ni was 370.
2. The method for preparing metallic nickel encapsulated embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve according to claim 1, wherein the HNO in S1 is HNO3Oxidizing agent in solution: water 1: 4.
3. The method for preparing the metallic nickel-encapsulated embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the materials in the synthetic solution in S2 is SiO2:Al2O3:Na2O:TPAOH:H2O1: 0.02:0.09:0.2: 35; wherein: SiO 22/C(HNO3-CB)=0.52。
4. The preparation method of the metallic nickel-encapsulated embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal crystallization treatment in S2 comprises the following specific operations: and (3) crystallizing the synthetic solution for 72 hours in a hydrothermal environment with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining at the temperature of 170 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the metallic nickel-encapsulated, embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S6, the nickel-supported carbon black oxide is mixed with ethanol.
6. The method for preparing the metallic nickel-encapsulated, embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve according to claim 1, wherein in S7, the high temperature calcination of solid powder B is specifically operated as follows: the solid powder B was calcined in an Ar atmosphere at 2 ℃/min from room temperature to 600 ℃ for 2 h.
7. The preparation method of the metallic nickel-encapsulated embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the metallic nickel-encapsulated hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve is applied to upgrading of light aromatic hydrocarbons by catalytic reforming of lignite pyrolysis volatiles.
8. The application of the preparation method of the metallic nickel encapsulated and embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve according to claim 7,
the specific steps of utilizing metallic nickel to encapsulate the hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve and embedding the hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve by taking the metallic nickel as a core to carry out catalytic reforming reaction comprise:
weighing lignite particles, placing the lignite particles in a feeding device, connecting the lignite particles with a reaction tube, then adding metal nickel for packaging and embedding the hierarchical pore ZSM-5 catalyst particles, carrying out pyrolysis reaction on the reaction tube, and carrying out catalytic reforming to generate light aromatic hydrocarbon;
wherein: the total selectivity of light aromatics is greater than 91.7%.
9. The use of the metallic nickel encapsulated, embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve of claim 8 in the preparation method of the molecular sieve, wherein the pyrolysis reaction is carried out in the presence of H2While the thermal temperature and the catalytic temperature are 600 ℃, lignite is delivered to a pyrolysis zone at 600 ℃ with a feed rate of 0.1g/min, and subsequently pyrolysis volatiles are H2ZSM-5 containing metal nickel encapsulation and embedding multistage holes and allowing air flow to sweep to 600 DEG CAnd the catalyst bed layer is used for carrying out catalytic reforming to generate light aromatic hydrocarbon.
10. The use of the metallic nickel encapsulated, embedded hierarchical pore ZSM-5 molecular sieve as claimed in claim 9, in which the Ni-HeZ5 catalysed soot content is as low as 2.39%.
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