CN113398615A - Fractionation system and fractionation method thereof - Google Patents
Fractionation system and fractionation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113398615A CN113398615A CN202110689795.1A CN202110689795A CN113398615A CN 113398615 A CN113398615 A CN 113398615A CN 202110689795 A CN202110689795 A CN 202110689795A CN 113398615 A CN113398615 A CN 113398615A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/02—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in boilers or stills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/32—Other features of fractionating columns ; Constructional details of fractionating columns not provided for in groups B01D3/16 - B01D3/30
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/42—Regulation; Control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fractionation system and a fractionation method thereof, and the fractionation system comprises a heating kettle, at least two condensers and a tail fraction collecting kettle which are sequentially connected, wherein each condenser is provided with a fraction outlet, the fraction outlets are correspondingly connected with the fraction collecting kettles one by one, and the condensers are provided with movable cooling water pipelines; the cooling water pipeline is controlled and adjusted to extend into the condenser through two temperature control push rods, and can block a distillate outlet when the temperature is too low and block an air pipeline when the temperature is too high. According to the fractionation system, the lengths of the two fractions to be separated, namely the cooling water pipeline in the shell, are automatically controlled by respectively adding the two fractions into the fraction storage cavities of the two temperature control push rods, so that fractionation of multiple fractions is automatically realized, and when the temperature of each fraction steam entering the fractionation system changes, the heat exchange efficiency can be still automatically adjusted, so that the temperature of the outlet of the condenser is kept between the boiling points of the two fractions with adjacent boiling points, and the fractionation efficiency can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fractionation equipment and a fractionation method, and particularly relates to a fractionation system and a fractionation method thereof.
Background
When chemical products are produced and processed, the fractionating equipment is a common equipment for separating chemical reagents, and the fractionating is a process for separating chemical reagents with different boiling points at different temperatures. The existing fractionation equipment generally heats the mixed solution by steam when in use, controls the temperature of the mixed solution to be higher than the boiling point of a low-boiling-point chemical reagent and lower than the boiling point of a high-boiling-point chemical reagent, and evaporates the low-boiling-point chemical reagent into gas to be separated by condensing through a condenser. The fractionating device and the fractionating method are not easy to control the temperature, and the low boiling point chemical reagent is low in evaporation speed at the temperature, so that the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fractionating system and a fractionating method thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the fractionating system can automatically adjust the heat exchange efficiency of a fractionating condenser, and can still keep the outlet temperature of the condenser within a set range when the temperature of each fraction steam entering the fractionating system changes, thereby separating various fractions, heating at a temperature higher than the heating temperature of all fractions and improving the fractionating efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is solved by the following technical scheme: a fractionating system comprises a heating kettle, at least two condensers and a tail fraction collecting kettle which are connected in sequence, wherein each condenser is provided with a fractionating liquid outlet, the distillate outlets are connected with distillate collecting kettles in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the condenser comprises a shell, the two ends of the shell are provided with vent pipes, the shell is provided with a plurality of through holes, a plurality of cooling water pipes are movably penetrated in the through holes, the two ends of the plurality of cooling water pipes are connected with cooling water cavities, the cooling water cavity positioned outside the shell is provided with a cooling water inlet, the cooling water cavity positioned in the shell is provided with a cooling water outlet extending out of the shell, the cooling water inlet on the condenser at the rear end along the distillate flowing direction is connected with a first water pump, the cooling water outlet is connected with a cooling water inlet of the condenser at the adjacent front side through a hose; be provided with two end to end's temperature control push rod in the casing, two temperature control push rod one end is fixed in on the shells inner wall, the other end is fixed in and is located in the casing on the cooling water cavity, the temperature control push rod include airtight casing and by the telescopic spacing in telescopic link in airtight casing, be equipped with the fraction in the airtight casing and store the chamber, be provided with fraction replacement mouth on the fraction storage chamber, be located in the casing be provided with on the cooling water cavity and be used for the shutoff air duct's first end cap and be used for the shutoff the second end cap of fractional liquid export, work as and only when two when the fraction in the fraction storage chamber is the gaseous state, first end cap shutoff air duct, work as and only when two the fraction in the fraction storage chamber is liquid, the second end cap shutoff the fractional liquid export. When the fractionating system is used, two fractions with adjacent boiling points in the fractionating materials are respectively added into a fraction storage cavity, in the adding process, a temperature control push rod is required to be in a retracted state, an expansion rod extends out when the fractions are vaporized, the expansion rod retracts when the fractions are liquefied, a cooling water pipeline is automatically controlled and moved through the expansion and retraction of the expansion rod, in the fractionating process, the fractions with high boiling points are required to be liquefied and discharged from a fraction outlet, and the fractions with low boiling points are discharged from an air duct serving as an air outlet in a gaseous state, so that in a normal state, one fraction in the two fraction storage cavities is in a vaporized state, the other fraction is in a liquefied state, namely one temperature control push rod extends out, the other temperature control push rod retracts, and the cooling water pipeline is in; when the temperature of the discharged gas is too high, when two fractions in the two fraction storage cavities are vaporized, the two temperature control push rods extend out to push the cooling water pipeline to enter the shell completely, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the first plug plugs the ventilation pipeline to prevent the overhigh temperature from enabling the fraction which should be liquefied originally to enter the rear side, and the temperature control push rods retract to the normal state after the high-boiling-point fraction in the fraction storage cavities is liquefied until the temperature is reduced; when the gas outlet temperature is too low, when two fractions in the two fraction storage cavities are liquefied, the two temperature control push rods retract, the second plug plugs the fraction outlet, so that most of the cooling water pipeline is pulled out of the shell to reduce the heat exchange efficiency until the low-boiling fraction is vaporized, and correspondingly, the low-boiling fraction in the fraction storage cavities is also vaporized, and the temperature control push rods extend out to return to a normal state; the length of the cooling water pipeline in the shell can be automatically controlled by respectively adding two fractions to be separated into the two fraction storage cavities, the heat exchange efficiency is automatically adjusted, the fractionation of multiple fractions is automatically realized, the heat exchange efficiency can be still automatically adjusted when the temperature of each fraction steam entering the shell changes, so that the temperature of the outlet of the condenser is kept between the boiling points of the two fractions with adjacent boiling points, the heating temperature higher than all the fractions can be used for heating, and the fractionation efficiency is improved.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the fraction storage chamber is provided with two fraction replacement ports, and the two fraction replacement ports are respectively connected with a fraction inlet pipeline and a fraction outlet pipeline passing through the housing. By adopting the structure, the fraction in the fraction storage cavity can be conveniently replaced, so that the fraction storage cavity is suitable for fractionation operation of different fractions.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, a bending connecting frame is arranged between the two temperature control push rods, one end of the bending connecting frame is connected with the telescopic rod of one of the temperature control push rods, and the other end of the bending connecting frame is connected with the closed shell of the other temperature control push rod. Adopt this structure to make the length after two temperature control push rods retract shorter to make the cooling water pipeline in the casing shorter under the condition that two temperature control push rods all retract, the reduction that cooling efficiency can be more showing.
In the above aspect, preferably, a control valve is provided at a cooling water inlet of the condenser other than the condenser at a rear end in the distillate flow direction, the regulating valve comprises a valve casing, a valve chamber is arranged in the valve casing, a valve core is movably arranged in the valve chamber, a return spring is arranged between the valve core and the valve shell, the valve core at one side far away from the return spring extends out of the valve shell, the valve core is provided with at least three flow blocking rings, the valve casing is provided with a first liquid inlet, a second liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet, the first liquid inlet is connected with a second water pump through a pipeline, the second liquid inlet is connected with the cooling water outlet of the condenser at the adjacent rear side through a pipeline, the first liquid outlet is connected with the cooling water inlet, the second liquid outlet is connected with the recovery water tank, and the shell is provided with a convex part; when the cooling water pipeline does not completely enter the shell, one of the flow blocking rings separates a first liquid inlet from a first liquid outlet, the other flow blocking ring separates a second liquid inlet from a second liquid outlet, and the second liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet; when the cooling water pipeline completely enters the shell, the protruding part pushes the valve core to move towards the valve chamber, one of the flow blocking rings separates a second liquid inlet from a first liquid outlet, the first liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet, and the second liquid inlet is communicated with the second liquid outlet. In general, the cooling water in the condenser on the rear side in the distillate-flow direction continues to be used as the cooling water in the condenser on the front side, and the requirement of higher heat exchange efficiency in the subsequent condenser can not be met because the cooling water is subjected to heat exchange at a higher temperature, when the cooling water pipeline completely enters the shell, i.e., the highest heat exchange efficiency, it is difficult to rapidly lower the temperature of the distillate in the condenser if the cooling water that has been heat-exchanged is continuously used, and thus a lower temperature cooling water is required, when the cooling water pipeline completely enters the shell, the convex part pushes the valve core to move towards the valve chamber, wherein a flow blocking ring separates the second liquid inlet from the first liquid outlet, the first liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet, the second liquid inlet is communicated with the second liquid outlet, and the cooling water with lower temperature is supplied by the second water pump to improve the heat exchange efficiency, the cooling water which is originally subjected to heat exchange is directly discharged from the second liquid outlet and recycled without entering the condenser.
In the above technical scheme, preferably, a pressure switch for controlling the second water pump is arranged in a pipeline connecting the second water pump and the first liquid inlet, when the water pressure is higher than the set pressure, the pressure switch is powered off, and when the water pressure is lower than the set pressure, the pressure switch is powered on to start the second water pump. When the first liquid inlet is communicated with the first liquid outlet, namely the cooling water pipeline completely enters the shell, the second water pump continuously starts to supply water because the pressure in the pipeline connected with the first liquid inlet is lower; when the first liquid inlet is separated from the first liquid outlet, namely the cooling water pipeline does not completely enter the shell, due to the fact that the second water pump continuously supplies water originally, after the first liquid inlet is separated from the first liquid outlet, the pressure in the pipeline connecting the second water pump and the first liquid inlet is increased continuously, and therefore the pressure switch is powered off, and the second water pump stops running automatically; therefore, the second water pump can be automatically started and stopped according to whether the cooling water pipeline completely enters the shell or not.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, it is preferred, the heating cauldron is connected with preheats the cauldron, it is provided with heat exchange coil in the cauldron to preheat, heat exchange coil's import passes through the pipe connection warp the cooling water after the condenser heating, heat exchange coil's exit linkage recovery water tank. Adopt this structure can preheat each fraction with the cooling water that is heated in the condenser to retrieve the heat, make and get into the required heat reduction behind the heating kettle, the energy can be saved.
In the above technical solution, preferably, a sealing member is disposed between the through hole and the cooling water pipe. And the sealing element is used for improving the sealing property between the through hole and the cooling water pipeline and preventing gas leakage.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the cooling water cavity located outside the housing is slidably sleeved on the air duct. Adopt this structure to make can be by vent pipe's outer wall direction at the in-process that control by temperature change push rod drive cooling water piping removed, it is more stable during the removal.
The fractionation method of the fractionation system comprises the following steps of 1, setting the outlet gas temperature of each condenser according to the boiling point of each fraction, wherein the outlet gas temperature set value of each condenser is a temperature range value between the boiling points of two fractions with adjacent boiling points, and the outlet gas temperature set value of each condenser is sequentially reduced along the flow direction of the fractions; 2. starting a first water pump to supply cooling water to each condenser; 3. adding the fractionated materials into a heating kettle for heating, and controlling the outlet temperature of the heating kettle to be higher than the boiling point of each fraction; 4. and collecting each condensed fraction through a fraction collection kettle and a tail fraction collection kettle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the length of the cooling water pipeline in the shell can be automatically controlled by respectively adding two fractions to be separated into the two fraction storage cavities, the heat exchange efficiency is automatically adjusted, the fractionation of multiple fractions is automatically realized, the heat exchange efficiency can be still automatically adjusted when the temperature of each fraction steam entering the shell changes, so that the temperature of the outlet of the condenser is kept between the boiling points of the two fractions with adjacent boiling points, the heating temperature higher than all the fractions can be used for heating, and the fractionation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall connection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a connection when the condenser temperature is too low in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a condenser in a normal state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of the condenser at an excessive temperature according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a connection structure of two temperature control push rods in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a regulator valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of the control valve when the cooling water pipe is completely introduced into the housing according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings: referring to fig. 1 to 7, a fractionating system comprises a heating kettle 1, three condensers 2 and a tail fraction collecting kettle 3 which are connected in sequence, wherein the heating kettle 1 can be heated by electricity, steam or dye, each condenser 2 is provided with a fractionating liquid outlet 21, the fractionating liquid outlets 21 are correspondingly connected with the fraction collecting kettles 4, the condenser 2 comprises a shell 22, two ends of the shell 22 are provided with ventilating pipelines 23, the shell 22 is provided with a plurality of through holes 24, a plurality of cooling water pipelines 25 are movably arranged in the through holes 24 in a penetrating manner, two ends of the plurality of cooling water pipelines 25 are connected with cooling water cavities 26, a cooling water inlet 27 is arranged on the cooling water cavity 26 outside the shell 22, a cooling water outlet 28 extending out of the shell 22 is arranged on the cooling water cavity 26 inside the shell 22, and a first water pump 5 is connected with the cooling water inlet 27 on the condenser 2 at the rear end along the flowing direction of the distillate, the cooling water outlet 28 is connected to the cooling water inlet 27 of the condenser 2 adjacent to the front side by a hose; two temperature control push rods 6 connected end to end are arranged in the shell 22, one ends of the two temperature control push rods 6 are fixed on the inner wall of the shell 22, the other ends of the two temperature control push rods 6 are fixed on a cooling water cavity 26 in the shell 22, each temperature control push rod 6 comprises a closed shell 61 and an expansion rod 62 which is telescopically limited in the closed shell 61, a fraction storage cavity 63 is arranged in the closed shell 61, a fraction replacing port 64 is arranged on the fraction storage cavity 63, a first plug 65 used for plugging the ventilation pipeline 23 and a second plug 66 used for plugging the fractional liquid outlet 21 are arranged on the cooling water cavity 26 in the shell 22, when only the fractions in the two fraction storage cavities 63 are in a gas state, the first plug 65 plugs the ventilation pipeline 23, and when only the fractions in the two fraction storage cavities 63 are in a liquid state, the second plug 66 plugs the fractional liquid outlet 21. When the fractionating system is used, two fractions with adjacent boiling points in the fractionated materials are respectively added into a fraction storage cavity 63, in the adding process, a temperature control push rod 6 needs to be ensured to be in a retracted state, an expansion rod 62 extends out when the fractions are vaporized, the expansion rod 62 retracts when the fractions are liquefied, the expansion rod 62 extends and retracts to automatically control and move a cooling water pipeline 25, in the fractionating process, the fractions with high boiling points are required to be liquefied and discharged from a fraction outlet 21, and the fractions with low boiling points are discharged from an air vent pipeline 23 serving as an air outlet in a gaseous state, so in a normal state, referring to fig. 3, one fraction in the two fraction storage cavities 63 is in a vaporized state, the other fraction is in a liquefied state, namely, one temperature control push rod 6 extends out, the other temperature control push rod 6 retracts, and the cooling water pipeline 25 is in a middle position; when the outlet gas temperature is too high, referring to fig. 4, when two fractions in the two fraction storage cavities 63 are vaporized, the two temperature control push rods 6 extend out to push the cooling water pipeline 25 to enter the shell 22 completely, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the first plug 65 plugs the vent pipeline 23, so that the situation that the fraction which should be liquefied originally enters the rear side due to the too high temperature is prevented, and the temperature control push rods 6 retract to return to the normal state after the high-boiling-point fraction in the fraction storage cavities 63 is liquefied after the temperature is reduced; when the gas outlet temperature is too low, referring to fig. 2, when two fractions in the two fraction storage cavities 63 are liquefied, the two temperature control push rods 6 are retracted, the second plug 66 plugs the fraction outlet 21 to prevent the low boiling point fraction which should not be liquefied from being liquefied from entering the fraction outlet 21, most of the cooling water pipeline 25 is pulled out of the shell 22, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced until the low boiling point fraction is vaporized, and correspondingly, the low boiling point fraction in the fraction storage cavities 63 is also vaporized, and the temperature control push rods 6 are extended to return to a normal state; the fractionating system can automatically control the length of the cooling water pipeline 25 in the shell 22 by respectively adding two fractions to be separated into the two fraction storage cavities 63, automatically adjust the heat exchange efficiency, automatically realize the fractionation of multiple fractions, and still automatically adjust the heat exchange efficiency when the temperature of steam of each fraction entering changes, so that the outlet temperature of the condenser 2 is kept between the boiling points of the two fractions with adjacent boiling points, and the heating temperature of all the fractions can be higher, thereby improving the fractionation efficiency.
In this embodiment, a drain valve is provided between the fractionation liquid outlet 21 and the fraction collection vessel 4 in order to prevent the fraction vapor from entering the fraction collection vessel 4.
In this embodiment, two fraction replacement ports 64 are provided in the fraction storage chamber 63, and a fraction inlet pipe (not shown) and a fraction outlet pipe (not shown) penetrating the housing 22 are connected to the two fraction replacement ports 64, respectively. With this structure, the fraction in the fraction storage chamber 63 can be easily replaced, thereby being suitable for fractionation operations of different fractions.
In this embodiment, a bending connecting frame 67 is disposed between the two temperature control push rods 6, one end of the bending connecting frame 67 is connected to the telescopic rod 62 of one of the temperature control push rods 6, and the other end of the bending connecting frame 67 is connected to the sealed housing 61 of the other temperature control push rod 6. With this structure, the length of the two temperature-control push rods 6 after retraction is made shorter, so that the cooling water pipe 25 in the housing 22 is made shorter with both the temperature-control push rods 6 retracted, and the cooling efficiency can be more significantly reduced.
In this embodiment, the cooling water inlet 27 of the condenser 2 other than the condenser 2 at the rear end in the distillate flow direction is provided with the regulating valve 7, the regulating valve 7 includes a valve housing 71, a valve chamber 72 is provided in the valve housing 71, a valve core 73 is movably provided in the valve chamber 72, a return spring 74 is provided between the valve core 73 and the valve housing 71, the valve core 73 at the side far away from the return spring 74 extends out of the valve housing 71, three flow blocking rings 75 are provided on the valve core 73, one of the flow blocking rings 75 is used for preventing the cooling water from leaking out of the end of the valve housing 71 from the valve core 73, the valve housing 71 is provided with a first liquid inlet 76, a second liquid inlet 77, a first liquid outlet 78 and a second liquid outlet 79, the first liquid inlet 76 is connected to the second water pump 8 through a pipeline, the second liquid inlet 77 is connected to the cooling water outlet 28 of the adjacent rear condenser 2 through a pipeline, the first liquid outlet 78 is connected to the cooling water inlet 27, the second liquid outlet 79 is connected to a recovery water tank (not shown in the figure), the shell 22 is provided with a convex part 221; when the cooling water pipeline 25 does not completely enter the shell 22, one of the flow blocking rings 75 separates the first liquid inlet 76 from the first liquid outlet 78, the other flow blocking ring 75 separates the second liquid inlet 77 from the second liquid outlet 79, and the second liquid inlet 77 is communicated with the first liquid outlet 78; when the cooling water pipe 25 completely enters the housing 22, the protrusion 221 pushes the valve core 73 to move toward the valve chamber 72, wherein a flow blocking ring 75 separates the second liquid inlet 77 from the first liquid outlet 78, the first liquid inlet 76 is communicated with the first liquid outlet 78, and the second liquid inlet 77 is communicated with the second liquid outlet 79. In general, the cooling water in the condenser 2 at the rear side in the distillate-flow direction continues to be used as the cooling water in the front-side condenser 2, and the requirement of higher heat exchange efficiency in the subsequent condenser 2 may not be satisfied because the cooling water has been heat-exchanged to a higher temperature, when the cooling water pipe 25 completely enters the housing 22, that is, when the heat exchange efficiency is the highest, if the cooling water that has been heat-exchanged is continuously used, it is difficult to rapidly lower the temperature of the distillate in the condenser, and therefore, the cooling water at the lower temperature is required, when the cooling water pipe 25 completely enters the housing 22, the valve core 73 is pushed by the protrusion 221 to move into the valve chamber 72, wherein the flow blocking ring 75 separates the second liquid inlet 77 and the first liquid outlet 78, the first liquid inlet 76 and the first liquid outlet 78 are communicated, and the second liquid inlet 77 and the second liquid outlet 79 are communicated, the cooling water at the lower temperature is supplied by the second water pump 8 to improve the heat exchange, the cooling water which has undergone heat exchange is directly discharged from the second liquid outlet 79 and recycled without entering the condenser 2.
In this embodiment, a pressure switch 81 for controlling the second water pump 8 is disposed in a pipeline connecting the second water pump 8 and the first liquid inlet 76, when the water pressure is higher than the set pressure, the pressure switch 81 is powered off, and when the water pressure is lower than the set pressure, the pressure switch 81 is powered on to start the second water pump 8. When the first liquid inlet 76 is communicated with the first liquid outlet 78, that is, the cooling water pipeline 25 completely enters the shell 22, the second water pump 8 continuously starts to supply water because the pressure in the pipeline connecting the second water pump 8 with the first liquid inlet 76 is small; when the first liquid inlet 76 and the first liquid outlet 78 are separated, that is, the cooling water pipeline 25 does not completely enter the housing 22, due to the fact that the second water pump 8 continuously supplies water originally, after the first liquid inlet 76 and the first liquid outlet 78 are separated, the pressure in the pipeline connecting the second water pump 8 and the first liquid inlet 78 is continuously increased, and therefore the pressure switch 81 is powered off, and the second water pump 8 automatically stops running; thereby realizing the automatic on-off of the second water pump 8 according to whether the cooling water pipeline completely enters the shell 22.
In this embodiment, heating kettle 1 is connected with and preheats cauldron 9, preheats and is provided with heat exchange coil 91 in the cauldron 9, and the cooling water after condenser 2 heats is passed through the pipe connection in heat exchange coil 91's the import, and heat exchange coil 91's exit linkage recovery water tank. Adopt this structure can preheat each fraction with the cooling water that is heated in the condenser 2 to retrieve the heat, make and get into the required heat reduction after heating cauldron 1, the energy can be saved.
In the present embodiment, a seal 210 is provided between the through hole 24 and the cooling water pipe 25. A sealing member is used for improving sealability between the through-hole 24 and the cooling water pipe 25 to prevent gas leakage.
In this embodiment, the cooling water cavity 26 located outside the housing 22 is slidably sleeved on the air duct 23. By adopting the structure, the cooling water pipeline 25 can be guided by the outer wall of the ventilation pipeline 23 in the process of driving the cooling water pipeline to move by the temperature control push rod 6, and the movement is more stable.
A fractionation method of a fractionation system comprises the following steps of 1, adding fractions according to a material to be fractionated in fraction storage cavities of a temperature control push rod, injecting fractions separated by a condenser into one fraction storage cavity in each condenser, injecting fractions separated by a next condenser into the other fraction storage cavity, and sequentially reducing the boiling points of the fractions in the fraction storage cavities along the flow direction of the fractions, wherein the temperature control push rod is in a retracted state during the adding process; 2. starting a first water pump to supply cooling water to each condenser; 3. adding the fractionated materials into a heating kettle for heating, and controlling the outlet temperature of the heating kettle to be higher than the boiling point of each fraction; 4. and collecting each condensed fraction through a fraction collection kettle and a tail fraction collection kettle.
Specifically, for example, to separate a fraction a having a boiling point of 80, a fraction B having a boiling point of 130, a fraction C having a boiling point of 200, and a fraction D having a boiling point of 300 ℃, 1, the fraction D and the fraction C are first injected into a fraction storage chamber of a condenser through which a fraction first passes, the fraction C and the fraction B are injected into a fraction storage chamber of a condenser through which a fraction second passes, the fraction B and the fraction a are injected into a fraction storage chamber of a condenser through which a fraction third passes, and during the addition, the temperature control push rod is in a retracted state; 2. starting a first water pump to supply cooling water to each condenser; 3, adding the fractionated materials into a heating kettle for heating, and controlling the outlet temperature of the heating kettle to be higher than 300 ℃; 4. the fraction collection kettles and the tail fraction collection kettle are used for collecting condensed fractions, the fractions collected by the fraction collection kettles along the flow direction of the fractions are the fraction D, the fraction C and the fraction B in sequence, and the fraction collected by the tail fraction collection kettle is the fraction A. The fractionating system can automatically adjust the heat exchange efficiency of the fractionating condenser, the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser can be controlled by the boiling point of the fraction in the fractionated material, and when the temperature of the steam of each fraction entering the fractionating system changes, the outlet temperature of the condenser can still be kept in the range between the boiling points of two fractions with adjacent boiling points, so that various fractions are separated, and the heating temperature of all the fractions can be higher, so that the fractionating efficiency is improved.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fractionation system, characterized by: the device comprises a heating kettle (1), at least two condensers (2) and a tail fraction collecting kettle (3) which are sequentially connected, wherein each condenser (2) is provided with a fractionating liquid outlet (21), the fractionating liquid outlets (21) are connected with the fraction collecting kettles (4) in a one-to-one correspondence manner, each condenser (2) comprises a shell (22), two ends of each shell (22) are provided with vent pipes (23), the shells (22) are provided with a plurality of through holes (24), a plurality of cooling water pipelines (25) are movably arranged in the through holes (24), two ends of each cooling water pipeline (25) are respectively connected with a cooling water cavity (26), the cooling water cavities (26) outside the shells (22) are provided with cooling water inlets (27), and the cooling water cavities (26) in the shells (22) are provided with cooling water outlets (28) extending out of the shells (22), a first water pump (5) is connected to the cooling water inlet (27) on the condenser (2) at the rear end in the distillate flow direction, and the cooling water outlet (28) is connected with the cooling water inlet (27) of the condenser (2) at the adjacent front side through a hose; the device is characterized in that two temperature control push rods (6) which are connected end to end are arranged in the shell (22), one end of each of the two temperature control push rods (6) is fixed on the inner wall of the shell (22), the other end of each of the two temperature control push rods (6) is fixed on the cooling water cavity (26) in the shell (22), each of the temperature control push rods (6) comprises a closed shell (61) and an expansion rod (62) which is telescopically limited in the closed shell (61), a fraction storage cavity (63) is arranged in the closed shell (61), a fraction replacement port (64) is arranged on the fraction storage cavity (63), a first plug (65) for plugging the air vent pipeline (23) and a second plug (66) for plugging the fraction outlet (21) are arranged on the cooling water cavity (26) in the shell (22), and when fractions in the two fraction storage cavities (63) are both in a gas state, the first plug (65) plugs the vent pipe (23), and the second plug (66) plugs the distillate outlet (21) if and only if the distillate in the two distillate storage chambers (63) is liquid.
2. A fractionation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fraction storage cavity (63) is provided with two fraction replacement ports (64), and the two fraction replacement ports (64) are respectively connected with a fraction inlet pipeline and a fraction outlet pipeline which penetrate through the shell (22).
3. A fractionation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a bending connecting frame (67) is arranged between the two temperature control push rods (6), one end of the bending connecting frame (67) is connected with the telescopic rod (62) of one temperature control push rod (6), and the other end of the bending connecting frame (67) is connected with the closed shell (61) of the other temperature control push rod (6).
4. A fractionation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: follow distillate flow direction rear end outside condenser (2) be provided with governing valve (7) on cooling water inlet (27) of condenser (2), governing valve (7) include valve casing (71), be equipped with valve chamber (72) in valve casing (71), valve chamber (72) internalization is provided with case (73), case (73) with be provided with reset spring (74) between valve casing (71), keep away from reset spring (74) one side case (73) stretch out valve casing (71), be provided with at least three baffling ring (75) on case (73), be provided with first inlet (76), second inlet (77), first liquid outlet (78) and second liquid outlet (79) on valve casing (71), first inlet (76) are through pipe connection second water pump (8), second inlet (77) are through pipe connection adjacent rear side condenser (2) cooling water outlet (2) of pipe connection (28) The first liquid outlet (78) is connected with the cooling water inlet (27), the second liquid outlet (79) is connected with a recovery water tank, and a convex part (221) is arranged on the shell (22); when the cooling water pipeline (25) does not completely enter the shell (22), one of the flow blocking rings (75) separates a first liquid inlet (76) and a first liquid outlet (78), the other flow blocking ring (75) separates a second liquid inlet (77) and a second liquid outlet (79), and the second liquid inlet (77) is communicated with the first liquid outlet (78); when the cooling water pipeline (25) completely enters the shell (22), the convex part (221) pushes the valve core (73) to move towards the valve chamber (72), wherein a flow blocking ring (75) separates a second liquid inlet (77) and a first liquid outlet (78), the first liquid inlet (76) is communicated with the first liquid outlet (78), and the second liquid inlet (77) is communicated with the second liquid outlet (79).
5. A fractionation system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and a pressure switch (81) for controlling the second water pump (8) is arranged in a pipeline connected with the first liquid inlet (76) of the second water pump (8), when the water pressure is higher than the set pressure, the pressure switch (81) is powered off, and when the water pressure is lower than the set pressure, the pressure switch (81) is powered on to start the second water pump (8).
6. A fractionation system as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: heating cauldron (1) is connected with preheats cauldron (9), it is provided with heat exchange coil (91) in cauldron (9) to preheat, the import of heat exchange coil (91) passes through the pipe connection warp the cooling water after condenser (2) heating, the exit linkage recovery water tank of heat exchange coil (91).
7. A fractionation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a sealing element (210) is arranged between the through hole (24) and the cooling water pipeline (25).
8. A fractionation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cooling water cavity (26) positioned on the outer side of the shell (22) is sleeved on the air vent pipeline (23) in a sliding mode.
9. The fractionation method of a fractionation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: adding each fraction into a fraction storage cavity of a temperature control push rod according to a material to be fractionated, injecting the fraction separated by the condenser into one fraction storage cavity in each condenser, injecting the fraction separated by the next condenser into the other fraction storage cavity, and sequentially reducing the boiling point of the fraction in the fraction storage cavities along the flow direction of the fraction, wherein the temperature control push rod is in a retracted state in the adding process; 2. starting a first water pump to supply cooling water to each condenser; 3. adding the fractionated materials into a heating kettle for heating, and controlling the outlet temperature of the heating kettle to be higher than the boiling point of each fraction; 4. and collecting each condensed fraction through a fraction collection kettle and a tail fraction collection kettle.
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| CN202110689795.1A CN113398615B (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Fractionation system and fractionation method thereof |
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Denomination of invention: A Fractionation System and Its Fractionation Method Effective date of registration: 20230702 Granted publication date: 20220211 Pledgee: Daoxu Sub-branch of Zhejiang Shangyu Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: ZHEJIANG KAIDE CHEMICAL CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2023330001331 |