CN113396689A - Sweet potato harvester with functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings - Google Patents
Sweet potato harvester with functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN113396689A CN113396689A CN202110849805.3A CN202110849805A CN113396689A CN 113396689 A CN113396689 A CN 113396689A CN 202110849805 A CN202110849805 A CN 202110849805A CN 113396689 A CN113396689 A CN 113396689A
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- sweet potato
- collecting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/06—Haulm-cutting mechanisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
Abstract
The invention discloses a sweet potato harvester with functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings, which comprises a rack, wherein a tractor traction frame is arranged at the upper end of the front end part of the rack, a depth setting wheel is arranged at the bottom end of the rear end part of the rack, and a sweet potato seedling collecting device, a sweet potato seedling crushing device, a sweet potato soil lifting device and a sweet potato soil separating device are sequentially arranged on the rack from front to back; a through channel for sweet potato ridges to pass through is formed in the middle of the front end of the rack, accommodating cavities for accommodating the sweet potato seedling collecting device and the sweet potato seedling crushing device are respectively arranged on two sides of the through channel, and the sweet potato seedling collecting device, the sweet potato seedling crushing device, the sweet potato soil lifting device and the sweet potato soil separating device are driven synchronously through a power transmission assembly. The sweet potato seedling processing and sweet potato unearthing are combined together, so that the problem that the sweet potato seedling processing and sweet potato harvesting are carried out separately is solved, the labor amount of sweet potato planters is reduced, the sweet potato harvesting efficiency is improved, the labor cost of sweet potato harvesting is effectively controlled, and the income of the sweet potato planters is increased.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of sweet potato harvesters, and mainly relates to a sweet potato harvester with functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings.
Background art:
at present, according to the growth characteristics of sweet potatoes, the main function of a sweet potato harvester is to turn the sweet potatoes in soil to the surface of the soil, so that the harvesting process of the current sweet potato harvester is completed, the sweet potatoes in China are harvested by mainly adopting small machinery with single function, the sweet potato seedlings are mainly cleaned manually, the mechanization level is not high, and the demand on the labor force of farmers is also very large. With the accelerating aging process rate of Chinese population, the labor cost can restrict the development of sweet potatoes and related industries, so that the accelerating of the full automation of the sweet potato harvester is of great importance.
Moreover, the existing sweet potato harvester mainly works in a mode that sweet potatoes in soil are turned to the surface of the soil, and the harvester is single in function and not suitable for harvesting the sweet potatoes in a large area. Generally, the function of a large-scale combine harvester is perfect, the mechanization level is high, and the labor is saved, but the price is expensive, the size is large, and the large-scale combine harvester does not accord with the national situation of the agriculture and forestry economy in China.
This application is through reasonable mechanical structure, distribution and driven combination, reaps two steps of technology with sweet potato seedling processing and sweet potato and combines together to reach the amount of labour that has alleviateed the sweet potato planting family, improved the sweet potato and reaped efficiency, simultaneously the effectual cost of labor who has controlled the sweet potato and reaped, increased the purpose of sweet potato planting family's income.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art, and provides a sweet potato harvester with functions of sweet potato seedling collection and smashing, which combines sweet potato seedling treatment and sweet potato unearthing, solves the problem that two processes of sweet potato seedling treatment and sweet potato harvesting are separately carried out, reduces the labor amount of sweet potato planters, improves the sweet potato harvesting efficiency, effectively controls the labor cost of sweet potato harvesting, and increases the income of the sweet potato planters.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a sweet potato harvester with functions of sweet potato seedling collection and smashing comprises a rack, wherein a tractor traction frame is mounted at the upper end of the front end of the rack, a depth setting wheel is mounted at the bottom end of the rear end of the rack, and a sweet potato seedling collection device, a sweet potato seedling smashing device, a sweet potato soil lifting device and a sweet potato soil separation device are sequentially arranged on the rack from front to back; a through channel for sweet potato ridges to pass through is formed in the middle of the front end of the rack, and accommodating cavities for accommodating the sweet potato seedling collecting device and the sweet potato seedling crushing device are respectively formed in two sides of the through channel;
the sweet potato seedling collecting device comprises two collecting tool rests which are correspondingly arranged and used for collecting the sweet potato seedlings on the branches on the two sides of the sweet potato cage, the collecting tool rests are respectively positioned in the accommodating cavities at the front end part of the rack, the sweet potato seedling crushing device comprises two crushing tool rests which are correspondingly arranged and used for crushing the sweet potato seedlings on the branches on the two sides of the sweet potato cage, the crushing tool rests are respectively positioned in the accommodating cavities behind the collecting tool rests, the sweet potato soil lifting and separating device comprises a roller assembly which is rotatably arranged at the rear end part of the rack and used for screening and separating sweet potatoes and soil, and a rotary plough share sweet potato soil lifting assembly which is used for ditching sweet potato ridges, collecting the sweet potatoes and sending the sweet potatoes into the roller is arranged at the front end part of the roller assembly;
the sweet potato seedling collecting device, the sweet potato seedling crushing device, the sweet potato soil lifting device and the sweet potato soil separating device are driven synchronously through the power transmission assembly.
The frame including the supporting and fixing plate who is located both sides, front end middle part fixed mounting in the supporting and fixing plate has a cell body, the cell body falls into the space between its preceding tip and is located the passageway that runs through at middle part and the chamber that holds that is located both sides, the back tip of cell body is connected fixedly through the supporting and fixing plate of arc deflector and both sides respectively, set up the sweet potato seedling discharge gate after smashing on the supporting and fixing plate of the both sides that the arc deflector corresponds the position respectively.
The supporting seat for mounting the roller is erected between the rear end parts of the supporting and fixing plates, the supporting seat is two supporting plates which are arranged at intervals, two sides of each supporting plate are fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the corresponding supporting and fixing plate respectively, and the supporting plates are provided with corresponding mounting holes for mounting the roller respectively.
The sweet potato cage is characterized in that a cutting assembly for smashing sweet potato seedlings at the root parts of the sweet potato cages is installed in the through channel, the cutting assembly comprises a cutting shaft rotatably installed in the through channel, small spiral smashing blades are distributed on the cutting shaft, and the cutting assembly is located above the collecting knife rest and the smashing knife rest in the vertical space position.
The collecting knife rest comprises a collecting shaft which is rotatably arranged on the rack, a plurality of groups of knife sets which are arranged at intervals are distributed on the collecting shaft, each knife set comprises arc-shaped blades which are distributed on a plurality of circumferences, and the collecting knife rest is positioned below the crushing knife rest in the vertical space position.
The crushing knife rest comprises a crushing shaft which is rotatably arranged on the frame, and large spiral crushing blades are distributed on the crushing shaft.
The roller component comprises a hollow roller body, spiral guide rails from a feeding end to a discharging end are distributed in the hollow roller body, a bearing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the hollow roller body and is rotatably installed in an installation hole through the bearing ring, conical gear rings are respectively installed at the end parts of the two ends of the hollow roller body, rotating shafts are respectively installed at the top end and the bottom end of the supporting plate, conical gears meshed with the conical gear rings are respectively installed on the rotating shafts, the rotating shafts on one side of the bottom end are power shafts, and the rotating shafts are driven by driving shafts on one side of the rotating shafts.
The rotary plough share sweet potato soil-lifting assembly comprises plough share blades which are positioned at the port of the feed end of a roller and radially distributed by taking the central position of the end part of the roller as the center, the rear end parts of the plough share blades are clamped and fixed on a fixed cylinder sleeve at the front end part of the roller, the plough share blades are of an arc-shaped structure and are obliquely arranged from the feed end to the discharge end, the front end parts of the plough share blades extend out of the fixed cylinder sleeve, and the extending ends of the plough share blades are provided with blades.
The power transmission assembly comprises a belt wheel transmission, a gear transmission and a bevel gear transmission which are mutually matched and linked, a cutting shaft of the cutting assembly is connected with a power wheel of the agricultural machine through the belt wheel transmission, the cutting shaft of the cutting assembly is connected with a collecting shaft of a collecting knife rest through the gear transmission, the collecting shaft of the collecting knife rest is connected with a crushing shaft of a crushing knife rest through the belt wheel transmission, the crushing shaft of the crushing knife rest is connected with a driving shaft of a roller assembly through the belt wheel transmission, and then the crushing shaft is driven through the bevel gear transmission, and the belt wheel transmission is located in the protective housing.
The agricultural machinery grinding device is characterized in that a first transmission belt wheel is installed on the cutting shaft, the first transmission belt wheel is in transmission connection with a driving transmission wheel on an agricultural machinery through a transmission belt, a first transmission gear is installed at the end portion of each of two ends of the cutting shaft, a second transmission gear meshed with the first transmission gear is installed at the inner end portion of the collecting shaft, a second transmission belt wheel is installed at the outer end portion of the collecting shaft, a third transmission belt wheel is installed at the extending end of the grinding shaft, the third transmission belt wheel is a double-transmission-groove belt wheel, a fourth transmission belt wheel is installed at the end portion of a driving shaft of the roller assembly, the third transmission belt wheel is in transmission connection with the fourth transmission belt wheel through a transition belt wheel and a transition belt, and conical meshing gears meshed with each other are installed on the rotating shaft and the driving shaft respectively.
The principle is as follows: this application collects sweet potato seedling collection device, sweet potato seedling reducing mechanism, sweet potato play soil and potato soil separator as an organic whole, and it is through improving, integration and innovation, absorbs the essence of the sweet potato harvester of earlier generation. And when the machine is designed in a concrete structure, the structural characteristics that sweet potatoes are planted in ridges in China are combined, the machine is used by straddling on the ridges through a through channel at the front end part of the machine frame, so that the sweet potato seedlings at the branches at two sides of the machine frame are collected by collecting tool rests at two sides of the machine frame, then are crushed by a crushing tool rest at the rear part, the sweet potato seedlings at the middle part are directly crushed by a cutting assembly at the middle part, crushed sweet potato leaves are directly discharged into a farmland through a sweet potato seedling discharge port and a discharge port, the straw returning effect is realized, after the sweet potato seedlings on the sweet potato ridges are cleaned, the sweet potato soil lifting and separating device at the rear part of the machine can realize that the sweet potatoes in the sweet potato ridges are lifted out to form soil, sweet potatoes and the soil are sent into a roller, then the sweet potatoes are rotationally screened and discharged through the roller, the sweet potato seedling treatment and the sweet potato emergence are combined together, and the problem that the sweet potato seedling treatment and the sweet potato harvesting process is separately carried out in two steps is solved, the labor capacity of sweet potato farmers is reduced, the sweet potato harvesting efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the labor cost of sweet potato harvesting is effectively controlled, and the income of sweet potato farmers is increased.
In addition, the design of each structure and the distribution of power transmission in the sweet potato harvester need to consider the convenience of part maintenance operation and installation, sweet potato growers can assemble and maintain the mechanical device by themselves, the small tractor can be set as the power part of the whole machine, and the transmission structure of the machine is realized by belt transmission and bevel gear transmission. The automatic harvesting machine is simple in operation, when the sweet potatoes are harvested, the tractor is started to move forwards, the cutter disc on the conveying belt is rotated to cut through the transmission structure, the sweet potatoes are conveyed to the inside of the roller by the soil discharging device, and accordingly harvesting of the sweet potatoes can be easily and quickly completed.
The invention has the advantages that:
the sweet potato seedling processing and harvesting machine is reasonable in structural design, sweet potato seedling processing and sweet potato unearthing are combined together, the problem that two steps of sweet potato seedling processing and sweet potato harvesting are carried out separately is solved, the labor capacity of sweet potato planters is reduced, the sweet potato harvesting efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the labor cost of sweet potato harvesting is effectively controlled, and the income of the sweet potato planters is increased.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rack.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the cutting assembly and the collecting knife rest in driving fit in the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 3 at another angle.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a collecting blade holder.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a crushing blade holder.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the drum assembly.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the drum assembly in driving engagement.
Reference numerals:
1. a frame; 2. a traction frame; 3. a depth setting wheel; 4. a through passage; 5. an accommodating chamber; 6. collecting the tool rest; 7. a crushing cutter frame; 8. a roller assembly; 9. rotating the plough share sweet potato soil-raising component; 10. a power transmission assembly; 1-1, supporting and fixing a plate; 1-2, a tank body; 1-3, arc guide plates; 1-4, a sweet potato seedling discharge port; 1-5, a support plate; 1-6, mounting holes; 11. a cutting assembly; 11-1, cutting the shaft; 11-2, small spiral crushing blades; 6-1, collecting shaft; 6-2, arc-shaped blades; 7-1, crushing shaft; 7-2, large spiral crushing blades; 8-1, hollowing out the roller body; 8-2, spiral material guide rails; 8-3, bearing rings; 8-4, a conical gear ring; 8-5, a rotating shaft; 8-6, a bevel gear; 8-7, a driving shaft; 9-1, ploughshare blades; 9-2, fixing the cylinder sleeve; 12. a collection shaft; 13. a crushing shaft; 14. a first transmission belt wheel; 15. a first transmission gear; 16. a second transmission gear; 17. a third transmission belt wheel; 18. a fourth driving belt wheel; 19. a transition pulley; 20. a transition belt; 21. a conical meshing gear; 22. and a second transmission belt wheel.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
see figures 1-8.
A sweet potato harvester with sweet potato collection and smashing functions comprises a rack 1, wherein a tractor traction frame 2 is mounted at the upper end of the front end of the rack 1, a depth setting wheel 3 is mounted at the bottom end of the rear end of the rack 1, and a sweet potato seedling collection device, a sweet potato seedling smashing device, a sweet potato soil lifting device and a sweet potato soil separation device are sequentially arranged on the rack 1 from front to back; a through channel 4 for sweet potato ridges to pass through is formed in the middle of the front end of the rack 1, and accommodating cavities 5 for accommodating a sweet potato seedling collecting device and a sweet potato seedling crushing device are respectively formed in two sides of the through channel 4; the sweet potato seedling collecting device comprises two correspondingly arranged collecting tool rests 6 for collecting the sweet potato seedlings on the branches on the two sides of the sweet potato ridges, the collecting tool rests 6 are respectively positioned in an accommodating cavity 5 at the front end part of the rack, the sweet potato seedling crushing device comprises two correspondingly arranged crushing tool rests 7 for crushing the sweet potato seedlings on the branches on the two sides of the sweet potato ridges, the crushing tool rests 7 are respectively positioned in the accommodating cavity 5 at the rear part of the collecting tool rest 6, the sweet potato soil lifting and separating device comprises a roller assembly 8 which is rotatably arranged at the rear end part of the rack and used for screening and separating the sweet potatoes and soil, and a rotary plough share sweet potato soil lifting assembly 9 for ditching the sweet potato ridges, collecting the sweet potatoes and sending the sweet potatoes into the rollers is arranged at the front end part of the roller assembly 8; the drive of the sweet potato seedling collecting device, the sweet potato seedling crushing device, the sweet potato soil lifting and separating device is synchronously driven by the power transmission component 10.
Further, the frame 1 comprises supporting and fixing plates 1-1 located on two sides, a groove body 1-2 is fixedly installed in the middle of the front end in the supporting and fixing plate 1-1, the groove body 1-2 divides the space between the front end parts into a through channel 4 located in the middle and containing cavities 5 located on two sides, the rear end parts of the groove body 1-2 are fixedly connected with the supporting and fixing plates 1-1 on two sides through arc-shaped guide plates 1-3 respectively, and the supporting and fixing plates 1-1 on two sides of the corresponding positions of the arc-shaped guide plates 1-3 are provided with smashed sweet potato seedling discharge ports 1-4 respectively. The structure through supporting the fixed plate has played the effect of the fixed erection of each device of whole harvester, the structure of the cell body of its front end portion is a bright spot, combine the ridge middle height, the characteristic that both sides are low, handle the sweet potato seedling of its corresponding position department respectively, through the structure that holds the chamber, not only can give the space of storage through sweet potato seedling of collection device collection, hold the chamber inner shell simultaneously and smash the sweet potato seedling, the smooth ejection of compact of sweet potato seedling after its smashing can be made to the structure through sweet potato seedling discharge gate.
Furthermore, a support for mounting the roller is erected between the rear end parts of the supporting and fixing plates 1-1, the support is two supporting plates 1-5 arranged at intervals, two sides of each supporting plate 1-5 are respectively connected and fixed with the inner side wall of the supporting and fixing plate 1-1, and the supporting plates 1-5 are respectively provided with mounting holes 1-6 which are corresponding to each other and used for mounting the roller. The structure through the support is used for supporting and erects the cylinder, through normal running fit between it and the cylinder, when not only guaranteeing support stability, can guarantee the cylinder moreover and rotate in-process stability.
Furthermore, a cutting assembly 11 for smashing sweet potato seedlings at the roots of the sweet potato ridges is installed in the through channel 4, the cutting assembly 11 comprises a cutting shaft 11-1 rotatably installed in the through channel 4, small spiral smashing blades 11-2 are distributed on the cutting shaft 11-1, and the cutting assembly 11 is located above the collecting knife rest 6 and the smashing knife rest 7 in the vertical space position. Through cutting assembly's structure, can smash the sweet potato seedling root at middle part, its concrete structure is the cutting axle of rotation installation in the through channel, and the epaxial little spiral of cutting is smashed the sweet potato root that the blade contacted on the ridge and can directly smash it, when crushing, more has the sweet potato seedling collection that utilizes both sides branch portion, consequently its vertical spatial position is located the top on ridge, and it is higher than the position that is used for the collection knife rest of the sweet potato seedling of the crushing both sides of rolling and smashes the knife rest. The collecting knife rest 6 comprises a collecting shaft 6-1 which is rotatably arranged on the rack, a plurality of groups of knife sets which are arranged at intervals are distributed on the collecting shaft 6-1, each knife set is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped blades 6-2 which are distributed circumferentially, and the collecting knife rest 6 is positioned below the crushing knife rest 7 in the vertical space position. The arc-shaped blade is driven to rotate by the rotation of the collecting shaft, so that the spiral roll-in type collection of the sweet potato seedlings at the branches at the two sides is realized, and the vertical spatial position of the spiral roll-in type collection is lower than that of the crushing knife rest. The crushing knife rest 7 comprises a crushing shaft 7-1 which is rotatably arranged on the frame, and big spiral crushing blades 7-2 are distributed on the crushing shaft 7-1. The sweet potato seedlings can be more quickly crushed by the large spiral crushing blade.
Further, the roller assembly 8 comprises a hollow roller body 8-1, spiral material guide rails 8-2 from a feeding end to a discharging end are distributed in the hollow roller body 8-1, a bearing ring 8-3 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the hollow roller body 8-1 and rotatably mounted in the mounting hole through the bearing ring 8-3, tapered gear rings 8-4 are respectively mounted at the end parts of two ends of the hollow roller body 8-1, rotating shafts 8-5 are respectively rotatably mounted at the top end and the bottom end of a supporting plate of the hollow roller body, tapered gears 8-6 in meshing transmission with the tapered gear rings 8-4 are respectively mounted on the rotating shafts 8-5, and the rotating shaft 8-5 on one side of the bottom end is a power shaft and is driven to rotate through a driving shaft 8-7 on one side of the power shaft. The bevel gear through the end part of the rotating shaft is used for transmission of the roller, when the concrete transmission acts, the driving shaft rotates, the driving shaft is driven to rotate with the rotating shaft meshed with the bevel gear, the bevel gear is rotated to be meshed with the bevel gear ring for transmission, thereby rolling of the roller is realized, the roller continuously rolls, through the hollow structure, soil and sweet potatoes in the roller can be screened, the sweet potatoes after screening are output from the discharging end along with the spiral guide rail in the roller, the sweet potatoes after output can be directly scattered to the ground for manual picking, or a corresponding material receiving box is arranged behind the sweet potato soil and the sweet potato soil separating device for receiving materials.
The rotary plough share sweet potato soil-raising component 9 comprises plough share blades 9-1 which are positioned at the port of the feed end of a roller and are radially distributed by taking the central position of the end part of the roller as the center, the rear end part of each plough share blade 9-1 is clamped and fixed on a fixed cylinder sleeve 9-2 at the front end part of the roller, each plough share blade 9-1 is of an arc-shaped structure, the plough share blades 9-1 are obliquely arranged and are obliquely and backwards arranged from the feed end to the discharge end, the front end parts of the plough share blades 9-1 extend out of the fixed cylinder sleeves 9-2, and the extending ends of the plough share blades are provided with blades. The plowshare sweet potato soil lifting assembly is structurally characterized in that the plowshare sweet potato soil lifting assembly can rotate along with the rotation of the roller, and blades at the front end parts of plowshare blades distributed on the circumference of the plowshare sweet potato soil lifting assembly can have certain cutting force on ridges when the plowshare sweet potato soil lifting assembly rotates, so that sweet potatoes in the ridges can be unearthed and collected and sent into the roller behind the plowshare blades, and the plowshare blades are fixed on the circumference direction of the fixed cylinder sleeve.
The power transmission assembly 10 comprises a belt wheel transmission, a gear transmission and a bevel gear transmission which are mutually matched and linked, a cutting shaft 11-1 of the cutting assembly 11 is connected with a power wheel of an agricultural machine through the belt wheel transmission, a cutting shaft 11-1 of the cutting assembly 11 is connected with a collecting shaft 12 of the collecting knife rest 6 through the gear transmission, the collecting shaft 12 of the collecting knife rest 6 is connected with a crushing shaft 13 of the crushing knife rest 7 through the belt wheel transmission, the crushing shaft 13 of the crushing knife rest 7 is connected with a driving shaft of the roller assembly 8 through the belt wheel transmission, and then the belt wheel transmission is driven through the bevel gear transmission, and the belt wheel transmission is positioned in the protective housing. A first transmission belt wheel 14 is installed on a cutting shaft 11-1, the first transmission belt wheel 14 is in transmission connection with a driving transmission wheel on an agricultural machine through a transmission belt, first transmission gears 15 are installed at the end portions of two ends of the cutting shaft 11-1 respectively, second transmission gears 16 meshed with the first transmission gears 15 are installed at the inner end portions of a collecting shaft 12 respectively, second transmission belt wheels 22 are installed at the outer end portions of the collecting shaft 12 respectively, third transmission belt wheels 17 are installed at the extending ends of a crushing shaft 13 respectively, the third transmission belt wheels 17 are double transmission groove belt wheels, fourth transmission belt wheels 18 are installed at the end portions of driving shafts 8-7 of a roller assembly 8, the third transmission belt wheels 17 are in transmission connection with the fourth transmission belt wheels 18 through transition belt wheels 19 and transition belts 20, and conical meshing gears 21 meshed with each other are installed on a rotating shaft 8-5 and the driving shafts 8-7 respectively. The cutting assembly is connected in a transmission fit relationship through belt transmission, the crushing assembly is connected with the collecting knife rest through straight gear transmission, and the collecting knife rest is connected with the crushing knife rest through belt transmission so as to be matched with each other. The crushing shaft only needs to rotate at a rated rotating speed, speed regulation is not needed, the cutting speed difference is small, the rotating speed of a knife rest shaft provided with blades can meet the crushing requirement at 1500-2000 r/min, the middle cutter disc is responsible for cutting the roots of the sweet potato seedlings, and the cutter discs at the two ends are responsible for cutting the roots of the sweet potato seedlings. In the actual use process, the crushing condition of the sweet potato seedlings at the front end is mainly related to the linear speed of the contact point of the blade on the rigid shaft and the sweet potato seedlings, the included angle between the cleaning device and the ground, the variety of the sweet potato seedlings and other factors. The sweet potato harvester is subjected to structural optimization and function upgrade in the three aspects.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sweet potato harvester with functions of sweet potato seedling collection and smashing is characterized in that: the sweet potato seedling planting machine comprises a rack (1), wherein a tractor traction frame (2) is installed at the upper end of the front end of the rack (1), a depth fixing wheel (3) is installed at the bottom end of the rear end of the rack (1), and a sweet potato seedling collecting device, a sweet potato seedling crushing device, a sweet potato soil lifting device and a sweet potato soil separating device are sequentially arranged on the rack (1) from front to back; a through channel (4) for sweet potato ridges to pass through is formed in the middle of the front end of the rack (1), and accommodating cavities (5) for accommodating a sweet potato seedling collecting device and a sweet potato seedling crushing device are respectively formed in two sides of the through channel (4);
the sweet potato seedling collecting device comprises two correspondingly arranged collecting tool rests (6) for collecting sweet potato seedlings at branches on two sides of a sweet potato ridge, the collecting tool rests (6) are respectively positioned in a containing cavity (5) at the front end part of a rack, the sweet potato seedling crushing device comprises two correspondingly arranged crushing tool rests (7) for crushing the sweet potato seedlings at branches on two sides of the sweet potato ridge, the crushing tool rests (7) are respectively positioned in the containing cavity (5) at the rear part of the collecting tool rest (6), the sweet potato soil lifting and separating device comprises a roller assembly (8) which is rotatably arranged at the rear end part of the rack and used for screening and separating sweet potatoes and soil, and a rotary plough share roller soil lifting assembly (9) which is used for ditching the sweet potato ridge, collecting the sweet potatoes and sending the sweet potatoes into the sweet potato;
the sweet potato seedling collecting device, the sweet potato seedling crushing device, the sweet potato soil lifting and separating device are driven synchronously through the power transmission assembly (10).
2. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sweet potato seedling separation device is characterized in that the rack (1) comprises supporting and fixing plates (1-1) located on two sides, a groove body (1-2) is fixedly installed in the middle of the front end in the supporting and fixing plates (1-1), the groove body (1-2) divides the space between the front end portions of the groove body into a through channel (4) located in the middle and containing cavities (5) located on two sides, the rear end portions of the groove body (1-2) are fixedly connected with the supporting and fixing plates (1-1) on the two sides through arc-shaped guide plates (1-3), and the supporting and fixing plates (1-1) on the two sides of the arc-shaped guide plates (1-3) corresponding to the positions are respectively provided with crushed sweet potato seedling discharge ports (1-4).
3. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: a support used for mounting the roller is erected between the rear end parts of the supporting and fixing plates (1-1), the support is two supporting plates (1-5) arranged at intervals, two sides of each supporting plate (1-5) are respectively connected and fixed with the inner side wall of the supporting and fixing plate (1-1), and the supporting plates (1-5) are respectively provided with mounting holes (1-6) which correspond to each other and are used for mounting the roller.
4. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sweet potato seedling cutting device is characterized in that a cutting assembly (11) used for smashing sweet potato seedlings at the roots of sweet potato ridges is installed in the through channel (4), the cutting assembly (11) is installed on a cutting shaft (11-1) in the through channel (4) in a rotating mode, small spiral smashing blades (11-2) are distributed on the cutting shaft (11-1), and the cutting assembly (11) is located above the collecting knife rest (6) and the smashing knife rest (7) in the vertical space position.
5. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the collecting knife rest (6) comprises a collecting shaft (6-1) rotatably mounted on a rack, a plurality of groups of knife sets arranged at intervals are distributed on the collecting shaft (6-1), each knife set comprises a plurality of arc-shaped blades (6-2) distributed circumferentially, and the collecting knife rest (6) is located below the crushing knife rest (7) in the vertical space position.
6. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that: the crushing cutter frame (7) comprises a crushing shaft (7-1) rotatably mounted on the rack, and large spiral crushing blades (7-2) are distributed on the crushing shaft (7-1).
7. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that: the roller component (8) comprises a hollow roller body (8-1), spiral material guide rails (8-2) from a feeding end to a discharging end are distributed in the hollow roller body (8-1), a bearing ring (8-3) is fixedly sleeved at the outer circumference of the hollow roller body (8-1) and rotatably installed in an installation hole through the bearing ring (8-3), conical gear rings (8-4) are respectively installed at the end parts of two ends of the hollow roller body (8-1), rotating shafts (8-5) are respectively rotatably installed at the top end and the bottom end of a support plate of the hollow roller body, conical gears (8-6) which are in meshing transmission with the conical gear rings (8-4) are respectively installed on the rotating shafts (8-5), and the rotating shaft (8-5) at one side of the bottom end is a power shaft, the rotation of which is driven by a drive shaft (8-7) on one side thereof.
8. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rotary plough share sweet potato soil lifting assembly (9) comprises plough share blades (9-1) which are positioned at the port of the feed end of a roller and radially distributed by taking the central position of the end part of the roller as the center circumference, the rear end parts of the plough share blades (9-1) are clamped and fixed on a fixed cylinder sleeve (9-2) at the front end part of the roller, the plough share blades (9-1) are of arc structures, the plough share blades (9-1) are obliquely arranged and are obliquely and backwards arranged from the feed end to the discharge end, the front end parts of the plough share blades (9-1) extend out of the fixed cylinder sleeve (9-2), and the extending ends are provided with blades.
9. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the power transmission assembly (10) comprises a belt wheel transmission, a gear transmission and a bevel gear transmission which are matched with each other and linked, a cutting shaft (11-1) of the cutting assembly (11) is in transmission connection with a power wheel of an agricultural machine through a belt wheel, the cutting shaft (11-1) of the cutting assembly (11) is in transmission connection with a collecting shaft (12) of a collecting knife rest (6) through the gear, the collecting shaft (12) of the collecting knife rest (6) is in transmission connection with a crushing shaft (13) of a crushing knife rest (7) through the belt wheel, the crushing shaft (13) of the crushing knife rest (7) is in transmission connection with a driving shaft of a roller assembly (8) through the belt wheel, and then the belt wheel transmission is driven through the bevel gear transmission, and the belt wheel transmission is located in a protective housing.
10. The sweet potato harvester with the functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that: the agricultural machine grinding device is characterized in that a first transmission belt wheel (14) is installed on the cutting shaft (11-1), the first transmission belt wheel (14) is in transmission connection with a driving transmission wheel on an agricultural machine through a transmission belt, first transmission gears (15) are installed at the end portions of the two ends of the cutting shaft (11-1), second transmission gears (16) meshed with the first transmission gears (15) are installed at the inner end portions of the collecting shaft (12), second transmission belt wheels (22) are installed at the outer end portions of the collecting shaft (12), third transmission belt wheels (17) are installed at the extending ends of the crushing shaft (13), the third transmission belt wheels (17) are double transmission groove belt wheels, fourth transmission belt wheels (18) are installed at the end portions of a driving shaft (8-7) of the roller component (8), and the third transmission belt wheels (17) are in transmission connection with the fourth transmission belt wheels (18) through transition belt wheels (19) and transition belts (20), and conical meshing gears (21) which are meshed with each other are respectively arranged on the rotating shaft (8-5) and the driving shaft (8-7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110849805.3A CN113396689A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Sweet potato harvester with functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110849805.3A CN113396689A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Sweet potato harvester with functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings |
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| CN113396689A true CN113396689A (en) | 2021-09-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110849805.3A Pending CN113396689A (en) | 2021-07-27 | 2021-07-27 | Sweet potato harvester with functions of collecting and crushing sweet potato seedlings |
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| CN114731825A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-07-12 | 安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 | Sweet potato harvester capable of harvesting sweet potatoes in primary grading mode and harvesting method thereof |
| CN115777321A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-03-14 | 江西省林业科学院 | A harvesting device for chinese-medicinal material under scale forest |
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