CN113394994A - 一种电源变换电路及充电设备 - Google Patents

一种电源变换电路及充电设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113394994A
CN113394994A CN202010172611.XA CN202010172611A CN113394994A CN 113394994 A CN113394994 A CN 113394994A CN 202010172611 A CN202010172611 A CN 202010172611A CN 113394994 A CN113394994 A CN 113394994A
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Prior art keywords
voltage
conversion circuit
circuit
voltage conversion
stage
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CN202010172611.XA
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江森龙
邱治维
张加亮
田晨
张俊
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Priority to CN202010172611.XA priority Critical patent/CN113394994A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2021/076892 priority patent/WO2021179888A1/zh
Priority to EP21767742.6A priority patent/EP4120533A4/en
Publication of CN113394994A publication Critical patent/CN113394994A/zh
Priority to US17/930,987 priority patent/US20230006460A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H02J7/06Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007Plural converter units in cascade
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/005Conversion of dc power input into dc power output using Cuk converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582Buck-boost converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种电源变换电路及充电设备。电源变换电路包括:第一电压转换电路,后级电压转换电路,信号反馈电路;第一电压转换电路与后级电压转换电路连接,信号反馈电路分别与第一电压转换电路和后级电压转换电路连接;第一电压转换电路,用于在输入第一电压转换电路的电压超出预设电压范围时,将输入第一电压转换电路的电压转换至预设电压范围内后输出至后级电压转换电路;后级电压转换电路,用于将输入至后级电压转换电路的电压转换为目标电压后输出;信号反馈电路,用于根据后级电压转换电路的输出向第一电压转换电路反馈信息,以使第一电压转换电路与后级电压转换电路同步。该电源变换电路能够提高电源变换的效率。

Description

一种电源变换电路及充电设备
技术领域
本申请涉及电源技术领域,尤其涉及一种电源变换电路及充电设备。
背景技术
随着充电技术的发展,终端设备对于充电的速度要求越来越高。对设备进行充电的适配器通常包含电源变换电路,从而将输入至适配器的交流电转换为直流电为待充电的终端设备进行充电。因此,为了提高充电速度,降低适配器充电时的发热,如何提高电源变换电路的能量传递效率,成为一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例期望提供一种电源变换电路及一种充电设备,能够提高电源变换的效率。
本申请实施例第一方面提供一种电源变换电路,包括:第一电压转换电路,后级电压转换电路,信号反馈电路;所述第一电压转换电路与所述后级电压转换电路连接,所述信号反馈电路分别与所述第一电压转换电路和所述后级电压转换电路连接;
所述第一电压转换电路,用于在输入所述第一电压转换电路的电压超出预设电压范围时,将所述输入所述第一电压转换电路的电压转换至所述预设电压范围内后输出至所述后级电压转换电路;
所述后级电压转换电路,用于将输入至所述后级电压转换电路的电压转换为目标电压后输出;
所述信号反馈电路,用于根据所述后级电压转换电路的输出向所述第一电压转换电路反馈信息,以使所述第一电压转换电路与所述后级电压转换电路同步。
本申请实施例第二方面还提供一种充电设备,该充电设备包括电源接入口,充电接口,以及如上述第一方面所描述的电源变换电路;电源接入口用于输入交流电,后级电压转换电路输出的目标电压用于从充电接口输出以为待充电设备充电。
本申请实施例通过设置信号反馈电路,使得电源变换电路中变压器次级侧的信号可以反馈至初级侧,初级侧和次级侧开关的导通和关断实现同步,从而提高电源变换效率。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例公开的一种电源变换电路的结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例公开的另一种电源变换电路的结构示意图;
图3为本申请实施例公开的另一种电源变换电路的结构示意图;
图4为本申请实施例公开的又一种电源变换电路的结构示意图;
图5为本申请实施例公开的一种脉动直流电压的波形示意图;
图6为本申请实施例公开的另一种脉动直流电压的波形示意图;
图7为本申请实施例公开的一种充电设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而,示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施,且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的范例;相反,提供这些实施方式使得本公开将更加全面和完整,并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。附图仅为本公开的示意性图解,并非一定是按比例绘制。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的部分,因而将省略对它们的重复描述。
此外,所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施方式中。在下面的描述中,提供许多具体细节从而给出对本公开的实施方式的充分理解。然而,本领域技术人员将意识到,可以实践本公开的技术方案而省略所述特定细节中的一个或更多,或者可以采用其它的方法、组元、装置、步骤等。在其它情况下,不详细示出或描述公知结构、方法、装置、实现、材料或者操作以避免喧宾夺主而使得本公开的各方面变得模糊。
在本公开中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接或可以互相通讯;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本公开的描述中,“多个”的含义是至少两个,例如两个,三个等,除非另有明确具体的限定。
图1为本申请实施例公开的一种电源变换电路的结构示意图。如图1所示,电源变换电路10包括第一电压转换电路11、后级电压转换电路12及信号反馈电路13。其中第一电压转换电路11与后级电压转换电路12连接,信号反馈电路13分别与第一电压转换电路11和后级电压转换电路12连接。
其中,第一电压转换电路11,用于在输入第一电压转换电路11的电压超出预设电压范围时,将输入第一电压转换电路11的电压转换至预设电压范围内后输出至后级电压转换电路12;后级电压转换电路12,用于将输入至后级电压转换电路12的电压转换为目标电压后输出;信号反馈电路13,用于根据后级电压转换电路12的输出向第一电压转换电路11反馈信息,以使第一电压转换电路11与后级电压转换电路12同步。
在本申请实施例中,电源变换电路10可以配置在充电设备中,充电设备可为适配器,用于为待充电设备充电。其中,待充电设备可为配置有电池供电系统的智能终端、移动终端设备等。该待充电设备还可以包括但不限于诸如笔记本电脑、手机、电子书阅读器、智能穿戴设备、移动电源(如充电宝、旅充)、电子烟、无线鼠标、无线键盘、无线耳机、蓝牙音箱等具有充电功能的可充电电子设备。
本申请实施例中,第一电压转换电路11的输入可为脉动直流电压。脉动直流电压为电流有脉动变化、但连续的直流电,也就是电流大小变化的直流电。举例来说,脉动直流电压可为交流电经整流电路后获得的“馒头波”。在输入至第一电压转换电路11的电压超出预设电压范围时,第一电压转换电路11将输入的电压转换至预设电压范围内。其中,预设电压范围的下限值大于后级电压转换电路12的最低工作电压。因此,通过第一电压转换电路11的处理,能够消除或减少后级电压转换电路12的工作死区,从而保证后级电压转换电路12正常工作。
另一方面,后级电压转换电路12的输出端可与待充电设备连接,直接根据待充电设备所反馈的信息,调节输出的目标电压,即调节电源变换电路10输出给待充电设备的充电电压,从而满足待充电设备的充电需求。与相关技术相比,相关技术中,需要将待充电设备反馈的信息或待充电设备所需的充电参数反馈至电源变换电路中变压器的初级侧,通过初级侧进行电源变换电路的输出电压的调节。由于信号反馈至初级侧的反馈路径较长,实时性差,因此,本申请实施例的方案能够提高调整的实时性。
除此之外,本申请实施例通过信号反馈电路13,根据后级电压转换电路12的输出向第一电压转换电路11反馈信息,以使第一电压转换电路11与后级电压转换电路12的开关信号同步,这样在电源变换电路中变压器初级开关能量较大的时候,变压器次级同样获取较大的能量;到初级关闭无能量的时候,次级也关闭,不索取大能量,这样可以保证输入信号干净,不会因为负载,开关变化产生多次谐波噪音,减少电磁干扰(Electro MagneticInterference,EMI)等问题,对输入电容的要求也可降低,并且能进一步提升电源变换效率。
如图2所示,图2为本申请实施例公开的另一种电源变换电路10的结构示意图。其中,电源变换电路10还可以包括整流电路14,整流电路14的输出端与第一电压转换电路11的输入端连接。整流电路14,用于将输入至整流电路14的交流电压转换为脉动直流电压输出至第一电压转换电路11。
具体地,后级电压转换电路12可以包括变压器121及第二电压转换电路122;变压器121的初级绕组与第一电压转换电路11的输出端连接,变压器121的次级绕组与第二电压转换电路122的输入端连接;变压器121,用于将第一电压转换电路11输入至后级电压转换电路12的电压由初级绕组耦合至次级绕组;第二电压转换电路122,用于将次级绕组输出的电压转换为目标电压后输出。
具体地,第二电压转换电路122,还用于接收与电源变换电路10连接的待充电设备的反馈信息,根据反馈信息将次级绕组输出的电压转换为目标电压。目标电压被用于输出至待充电设备,为待充电设备充电或供电。
作为一种可选的实施方式,反馈信息包括以下信息中的至少一项:待充电设备的充电阶段信息、待充电设备的电池电量信息、待充电设备的电池温度、待充电设备请求的充电电压和充电电流、电压调整信号、电流调整信号。其中,电压调整信号可为用于提高电压或降低电压的信号,电流调整信号可为用于提高电流或降低电流的信号。
针对充电阶段信息,举例来说,锂离子电池的充电过程常见的可区分为4个阶段:涓流充电、恒流充电、恒压充电以及充电终止。
作为一种可选的实施方式,信号反馈电路13还可以用于采集第二电压转换电路122的输入电压,根据第二电压转换电路122的输入电压向第一电压转换电路11输出反馈信息,第一电压转换电路11可以根据该反馈信息调整其输出的电压,从而保证第二电压转换电路122的输入电压处于第二电压转换电路122的可工作电压范围或效率较高的工作电压范围。
作为一种可选的实施方式,第二电压转换电路122还可以包括控制模块,控制模块用于根据反馈信息,确定目标电压,并控制第二电压转换电路122输出目标电压。
作为一种可选的实施方式,第一电压转换电路11中所包括的单向导通器件可为MOS管,第一电压转换电路11还包括用于控制所述MOS管导通和关断的触发电路;触发电路,用于根据信号反馈电路反馈13的信息,控制MOS管导通或关断,以使第一电压转换电路11与后级电压转换电路13同步。从而使得变压器初级侧和次级侧进行同步,与单向导通器件应用二极管相比,节省二极管上0.7V的压降浪费,并提高工作频率,进一步提高电源变换效率。
作为一种可选的实施方式,电源变换电路10可以包括第一电容15,第一电容15的第一端与第一电压转换电路11的输入端连接,第一电容15的第二端接地,第一电容15用于升高第一电压转换电路11的输入端的电压。
第一电容15通过储能从而升高第一电压转换电路11输入端的电压,从而支持了第一电压转换电路11工作的稳定性,并且由于第一电压转换电路11输入端的电压升高,从而升高了第一电压转换电路11输出端输出的电压值,有利于将变压器121的初级绕组的输入电压稳定在一个定值之上,减小变压器121的工作死区。
作为一种可选的实施方式,电源变换电路10还可以包括第二电容16,第二电容16连接于变压器的次级绕组与第二电压转换电路122之间,第二电容16用于升高第二电压转换电路122的输入端的电压。
第二电容16可以使得输入至第二电压转换电路122的脉动直流电压不会过低,从而保证第二电压转换电路122的正常工作。
本申请实施例所公开的技术方案还能够实现充电设备的小型化。相较于在整流电路14后设置滤波电路以平滑整流电路14的输出电压,滤波电路需要用到电感值较大的电感以及容值较大的电容,因此滤波电路内电感和电容的体积较大。本申请实施例中使用第一电压转换电路以对整流电路14的输出电压进行调整,能够使用电感值较小的电感以及容值较小的电容,从而有利于减小电感、电容的体积,进而有利于减小充电设备的体积。
请参阅图3,图3为本申请实施例公开的另一种电源变换电路10的结构示意图。如图3所示,第一电压转换电路11包括升压单元111,升压单元111用于在整流电路14输出至第一电压转换电路11的电压小于或等于预设电压范围的下限值时,将整流电路14输出至第一电压转换电路11的电压转换至预设电压范围内后输出至后级电压转换电路12。
作为一种可选的实施方式,升压单元111可以包括:BOOST电路、BUCK/BOOST电路、电荷泵电路、CUK电路中的一个或多个。
作为一种可选的实施方式,第一电压转换电路11还可以包括降压单元112,降压单元112用于在整流电路14输出至第一电压转换电路11的电压大于或等于预设电压范围的上限值时,将整流电路14输出至第一电压转换电路11的电压转换至预设电压范围内后输出至后级电压转换电路12。
作为一种可选的实施方式,降压单元112可以包括:BUCK电路、BUCK/BOOST电路、电荷泵电路、CUK电路中的一个或多个。
作为一种可选的实施方式,升压单元111和降压单元112并联连接。第一电压转换电路11可以包括控制电路,用以控制升压单元111和降压单元112分别工作,即控制升压单元111在输入至第一工作电压转换电路11的电压低于预设电压范围的下限值的情况下工作,并控制降压单元112在输入至第一工作电压转换电路11的电压高于预设电压范围的上限值的情况下工作,从而将输入第一电压转换电路11的电压转换至预设电压范围内。
可以理解的是,第二电压转换电路122也可以包括升压单元和/或降压单元,升压单元和/或降压单元的功能、连接方式及其他相关实现,可以参考以上所公开的内容,在此不再赘述。
请参阅图4,图4为本申请实施例公开的又一种电源变换电路10的结构示意图。如图4所示,后级电压变换电路12可以包括AC-DC电源管理芯片123,AC-DC电源管理芯片123具有开关控制端SW、反馈端FB,供电端Vin;变压器121的初级绕组的第一端与第一电压转换电路11的输出端连接,初级绕组的第二端与AC-DC电源管理芯片123的开关控制端SW连接;信号反馈电路13的输出端与AC-DC电源管理芯片123的反馈端FB连接。可以从变压器121的初级侧单独引出一个绕组与AC-DC电源管理芯片123的供电端Vin连接,以为AC-DC电源管理芯片123供电。
在该实施例中,AC-DC电源管理芯片123内集成了与变压器121初级绕组电连接的开关管以及驱动该开关管导通关断的驱动电路。通过控制该开关管的导通或关断,以控制变压器121初级绕组向次级绕组传输电能的时机。开关管的频率较高(通常为100k以上),因此通过开关管的快速切换,变压器121初级线圈上的电压呈现为脉冲方波。变压器121次级绕组输出恒定的电压,具体的电压值大小由AC-DC电源管理芯片123上的SW端输出信号的频率决定。在另一实施例中,该开关也可以独立于AC-DC电源管理芯片123而存在。
信号反馈电路13用于在变压器121的次级绕组和AC-DC电源管理芯片123之间建立反馈,以使AC-DC电源管理芯片123调整开关管的切换频率,从而达到使得次级开关信号和初级开关信号同步的目的。在一实施例中,变压器121包括初级绕组Y1和次级绕组Y2,初级绕组侧设置一单独的绕组Y3作为反馈绕组,通过电磁感应,获取变压器次级绕组Y2的电压信号以输入至AC-DC电源管理芯片123以协助AC-DC电源管理芯片123实施电压控制。可选地,反馈绕组还可以配置二极管D2和电容C3,以获得较为准确的反馈信号。
在另一实施例中,信号反馈电路13可包括一个隔离信号传输芯片,例如光耦132,可选的,也可为Keyssa芯片等能够传输更高频率开关同步信号的高速速传芯片。如图所示,作为一种可选的实施方式,在次级输出侧用电阻分压,通过比较器B1、电阻R3、电阻R4与光耦132传回电压反馈信号和/或开关同步信号。可以理解的是,比较器B1用于将接收到的信号转换为二元的信号,从而利用光耦进行传输;当隔离信号传输芯片采用其他类型的芯片和电路时,可以省略比较器B1直接向隔离信号传输芯片输入模拟信号。
具体地,整流电路14可以包括整流桥U1、电阻R1和压敏电阻R2,其中,电源E1提供交流信号后,经过整流桥U1后输出馒头波,馒头波经过第一电容15后电压幅度升高,同时最低电压被抬高,使馒头波的电压幅度在第一电压转换电路11的工作范围内,保证第一电压转换电路11的稳定输出。
可选地,变压器121的次级绕组和第二电压转换电路122之间还可以配置二极管D1,第二电压转换电路122的输出端还可以配置电阻R5,以进一步提高输出至待充电设备的电压的稳定性。
以图4所示的电源变换电路10来进行举例,其中,电源E1提供220V交流电压,交流电压的正弦波经过整流电路14后输出馒头波(脉动直流电压信号),如图5所示,电压幅度最低点趋近于0V,馒头波经过第一电容15后,最低电压被抬高,输出波形如图6所示,举例来说,如果输出峰值120W负载功率时,第一电容15为100μF时,能够有效支持第一电压转换电路的工作,例如,馒头波的最低电压被抬高至4V,则可以采用最低工作电压不低于4V的第一电压转换电路。
需要说明的是,电阻R4、R3还可以是可变电阻,通过调整R4和R3的阻止来控制R4和R3的阻值比,从而实现对次级绕组上的输出电压的调整。
可以理解的是,稳定工作的第一电压转换电路11能够使加在变压器121初级绕组上的电压稳定,从而使次级绕组感应的输出电压稳定,而不会随着交流电信号从波峰到波谷变化,避免变压器输出存在死区,使电源变换电路10稳定工作。
请参阅图7,图7为本申请实施例公开的一种充电设备20的结构示意图。如图7所示,充电设备20包括电源接入口21,充电接口22,以及如上述任意实施例所述的电源变换电路10。电源接入口21用于输入交流电,电源变换电路10中的后级电压转换电路输出的目标电压用于从充电接口22输出以为待充电设备充电。
需要注意的是,上述附图仅是根据本公开示例性实施方式的方法所包括的处理的示意性说明,而不是限制目的。易于理解,上述附图所示的处理并不表明或限制这些处理的时间顺序。另外,也易于理解,这些处理可以是例如在多个模块中同步或异步执行的。
以上具体地示出和描述了本公开的示例性实施方式。应可理解的是,本公开不限于这里描述的详细结构、设置方式或实现方法;相反,本公开意图涵盖包含在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种修改和等效设置。

Claims (14)

1.一种电源变换电路,其特征在于,包括:第一电压转换电路,后级电压转换电路,信号反馈电路;所述第一电压转换电路与所述后级电压转换电路连接,所述信号反馈电路分别与所述第一电压转换电路和所述后级电压转换电路连接;
所述第一电压转换电路,用于在输入所述第一电压转换电路的电压超出预设电压范围时,将所述输入所述第一电压转换电路的电压转换至所述预设电压范围内后输出至所述后级电压转换电路;
所述后级电压转换电路,用于将输入至所述后级电压转换电路的电压转换为目标电压后输出;
所述信号反馈电路,用于根据所述后级电压转换电路的输出向所述第一电压转换电路反馈信息,以使所述第一电压转换电路与所述后级电压转换电路同步。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述电源变换电路还包括整流电路,所述整流电路的输出端与所述第一电压转换电路的输入端连接;
所述整流电路,用于将输入至所述整流电路的交流电压转换为脉动直流电压输出至所述第一电压转换电路。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述后级电压转换电路包括变压器及第二电压转换电路;所述变压器的初级绕组与所述第一电压转换电路的输出端连接,所述变压器的次级绕组与所述第二电压转换电路的输入端连接;
所述变压器,用于将所述第一电压转换电路输入至所述后级电压转换电路的电压由初级绕组耦合至次级绕组;
所述第二电压转换电路,用于将所述次级绕组输出的电压转换为所述目标电压后输出。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述第二电压转换电路,还用于接收与所述电源变换电路连接的待充电设备的反馈信息,根据所述反馈信息将所述次级绕组输出的电压转换为所述目标电压。
5.根据权利要求4所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述反馈信息包括以下信息中的至少一项:所述待充电设备的充电阶段信息、所述待充电设备的电池电量信息、所述待充电设备的电池温度、所述待充电设备请求的充电电压和充电电流、电压调整信号、电流调整信号。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述第一电压转换电路中所包括的单向导通器件为MOS管;所述第一电压转换电路还包括用于控制所述MOS管导通和关断的触发电路;
所述触发电路,用于根据所述信号反馈电路反馈的信息,控制所述MOS管导通或关断,以使所述第一电压转换电路与所述后级电压转换电路同步。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述电源变换电路还包括第一电容,所述第一电容的第一端与所述第一电压转换电路的输入端连接,所述第一电容的第二端接地,所述第一电容用于升高所述第一电压转换电路的输入端的电压。
8.根据权利要求3所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述电源变换电路还包括第二电容,所述第二电容连接于所述变压器的次级绕组与所述第二电压转换电路之间,所述第二电容用于升高所述第二电压转换电路的输入端的电压。
9.根据权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述第一电压转换电路包括升压单元,所述升压单元用于在所述整流电路输出至所述第一电压转换电路的电压小于或等于所述预设电压范围的下限值时,将所述整流电路输出至所述第一电压转换电路的电压转换至所述预设电压范围内后输出至所述后级电压转换电路。
10.根据权利要求9所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述升压单元包括:BOOST电路、BUCK/BOOST电路、电荷泵电路、CUK电路中的一个或多个。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述第一电压转换电路还包括降压单元,所述降压单元用于在所述整流电路输出至所述第一电压转换电路的电压大于或等于所述预设电压范围的上限值时,将所述整流电路输出至所述第一电压转换电路的电压转换至所述预设电压范围内后输出至所述后级电压转换电路。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述降压单元包括:BUCK电路、BUCK/BOOST电路、电荷泵电路、CUK电路中的一个或多个。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的电源变换电路,其特征在于,所述升压单元和所述降压单元并联连接。
14.一种充电设备,其特征在于,所述充电设备包括电源接入口,充电接口,以及如权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的电源变换电路,所述电源接入口用于输入交流电,所述后级电压转换电路输出的所述目标电压用于从所述充电接口输出以为待充电设备充电。
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