CN113394411A - Preparation and application of perovskite nanofiber electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc-air battery - Google Patents

Preparation and application of perovskite nanofiber electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc-air battery Download PDF

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CN113394411A
CN113394411A CN202110656474.1A CN202110656474A CN113394411A CN 113394411 A CN113394411 A CN 113394411A CN 202110656474 A CN202110656474 A CN 202110656474A CN 113394411 A CN113394411 A CN 113394411A
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air battery
rechargeable zinc
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CN113394411B (en
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柳欢
白杰
徐薇
高薪羽
李春萍
许瞳
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Inner Mongolia University of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery electrode catalysts, in particular to a preparation method and application of a perovskite nanofiber electrocatalyst for a rechargeable zinc-air battery. The method comprises the steps of carrying out electrostatic spinning and tubular furnace calcination on lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate serving as raw materials to prepare La0.5Sr0.5Co1‑xWxO3‑δPerovskite nanofibers. The product prepared by the invention is in a nanofiber shape, has a porous structure on the surface, is applied to a rechargeable zinc-air battery and is used as air electricityThe polar catalyst can provide abundant active sites and contact areas for an electrocatalysis process, has a good catalysis effect, and the prepared battery has good long-term stability and practicability.

Description

Preparation and application of perovskite nanofiber electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc-air battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery electrode catalysts, in particular to a preparation method and application of a perovskite nanofiber electrocatalyst for a rechargeable zinc-air battery.
Background
The zinc-air battery has the advantages of large capacity, high specific energy, stable working voltage, environmental protection, no pollution, easily obtained raw materials and low price, is highly concerned by people all the time, and particularly has attracted the attention of domestic research institutions and enterprises in recent years. Under the condition that the electronic and electric equipment in the current society gradually becomes miniaturized and low-power, especially the demand of portable electronic products for high specific energy chemical power sources is continuously enhanced in recent years, the development of the zinc-air battery has practical significance.
The catalyst of the air electrode has the greatest influence on the performance and the characteristics of the zinc-air battery. The catalyst of the existing air electrode mainly comprises noble metal and alloy thereof, active carbon and MnO2And the like. Noble metals and their alloys, such as Pt, Ag, and Pt alloys, have good activity but are expensive. Activated carbon, MnO2And the catalyst is low in cost, but the catalytic activity is low, the reaction speed of oxygen on an electrode interface is low, and the discharge current density of the battery using the catalyst is low, so that the requirement of the zinc-air battery cannot be met.
Therefore, how to provide a novel catalyst for an air electrode is an urgent problem to be solved in the field, which solves the defects of high cost and low activity of the existing catalyst.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a preparation method and an application of a perovskite nanofiber electrocatalyst for a rechargeable zinc-air battery.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery is prepared from the following raw materials of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate.
Preferably, the addition molar ratio of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate is 1:1: 1-2: 0.2-1 in sequence.
Preferably, the perovskite nano fiber has a chemical formula of La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δWherein X is [0.1, 0.5 ]]Delta. is a value which renders the compound electrically non-conductive.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery, which comprises the following specific preparation steps:
1) adding lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate into an organic solvent, and stirring to obtain a precursor;
2) transferring the precursor solution obtained in the step 1) to a spinning pipe, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain nano fibers;
3) calcining the nano-fiber obtained in the step 2) in a tubular furnace, heating, preserving heat, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δPerovskite nanofibers.
Preferably, the organic solvent is a DMF solution containing PVP (K90), and the mass fraction of the PVP (K90) is 10-15%.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the mass of the added organic solvent to the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is 10-15: 1 g/mol.
Preferably, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 15-18 kV, and the distance of electrostatic spinning is 10-15 cm.
Preferably, the calcining temperature is 380-420 ℃, the calcining atmosphere is inert gas, and the calcining time is 1.5-2.5 h;
preferably, the heating rate is 4-6 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is 680-720 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1.2h, and the heat preservation atmosphere is air atmosphere.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a use of perovskite nano fiber for a rechargeable zinc-air battery in the rechargeable zinc-air battery.
Preferably, La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δThe perovskite nano-fiber is used as a catalyst of an air electrode in a chargeable zinc-air battery.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the product prepared by the method is in a nanofiber shape, the nanofiber is composed of carbon fiber skeleton loaded perovskite nano particles, and the surface of the nanofiber is in a porous structure. The catalyst is applied to a rechargeable zinc-air battery, can provide rich active sites and contact areas for an electrocatalysis process as an air electrode catalyst, has a good catalytic effect, is an excellent bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst, and has excellent OER and ORR performances.
2. The invention has the advantages of cheap and easily obtained raw materials, simple preparation process and easy industrial production.
3. By using the La of the present invention0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δThe rechargeable zinc-air battery prepared from the perovskite nano fiber has good long-term stability and practicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 accompanying drawing is La prepared in example 10.5Sr0.5Co0.7W0.3O3-δTEM images of perovskite nanofiber materials;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing ORR performance test of perovskite porous nanofiber;
FIG. 3The attached figure is the perovskite nanofiber material prepared in example 1 and Pt/C + RuO2Discharge polarization curves and power density profiles for zinc-air cells prepared for the catalyst.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a perovskite nano fiber for a rechargeable zinc-air battery, which is prepared from the following raw materials of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate.
In the invention, the addition molar ratio of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate is 1:1: 1-2: 0.2-1, preferably 1:1: 1.2-1.6: 0.4-0.8, and more preferably 1:1:1.4:0.6 in sequence; the molar ratio of the total amount of cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate to lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is 2: 1.
In the present invention, La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δThe value of X in the perovskite nano fiber is [0.1, 0.5 ]]Preferably 0.3; the value of delta renders the compound electrically non-conductive.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery, which comprises the following specific preparation steps:
1) adding lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate into an organic solvent, and stirring to obtain a precursor;
2) transferring the precursor solution obtained in the step 1) to a spinning pipe, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain nano fibers;
3) calcining the nano-fiber obtained in the step 2) in a tubular furnace, heating, preserving heat, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δPerovskite nanofibers.
In the invention, the organic solvent is a DMF solution containing PVP (K90), and the mass fraction of the PVP (K90) is 10-15%, preferably 11-13%, and more preferably 12%.
In the invention, the molar ratio of the mass of the added organic solvent to the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is 10-15: 1, preferably 12-14: 1, and more preferably 13.3: 1.
In the invention, the electrostatic spinning voltage is 15-18 kV, preferably 16kV, and the distance of electrostatic spinning is 10-15 cm, preferably 12-14 cm, and more preferably 13 cm.
In the invention, the calcining temperature is 380-420 ℃, the calcining atmosphere is inert gas, and the calcining time is 1.5-2.5 h; preferably, the calcining temperature is 400 ℃, the calcining atmosphere is argon atmosphere, and the calcining time is 2 hours;
in the invention, the heating rate is 4-6 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is 680-720 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-1.2 h; preferably, the heating rate is 5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept at 700 ℃, and the holding time is 1 h; the heat preservation atmosphere is air atmosphere.
The invention also provides application of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery in the rechargeable zinc-air battery.
In the present invention, La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δThe perovskite nanofibers are preferably catalysts for air electrodes in rechargeable zinc-air batteries.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
2.25mol of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, 2.25mol of strontium acetate, 3.15mol of cobalt nitrate and 1.35mol of ammonium metatungstate are weighed, added into 30g of PVP (K90)/DMF organic solvent (the mass fraction of PVPK90 is 12 percent), and stirred for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain a precursor.
Transferring the precursor solution into a spinning pipe, and performing electrostatic spinning (the electrostatic spinning distance is 13cm) under the voltage of 16kV to obtain nano fibers;
calcining the nano-fiber in a tubular furnace at 400 ℃ under argon atmosphere for 2h, then heating from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h under the air condition at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain La0.5Sr0.5Co0.7W0.3O3Perovskite nanofibers, denoted LSCW0.3. The TEM image of perovskite nano-fiber prepared in the embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the perovskite nano-fiber prepared in the embodiment has surface porous property.
Example 2
2.25mol of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, 2.25mol of strontium acetate, 4.05mol of cobalt nitrate and 0.45mol of ammonium metatungstate are weighed and added into 33g of PVP (K90)/DMF organic solvent (the mass fraction of PVPK90 is 10 percent), and stirred for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain a precursor.
Transferring the precursor solution into a spinning pipe, and performing electrostatic spinning (the electrostatic spinning distance is 15cm) under the voltage of 18kV to obtain nano fibers;
calcining the nano-fiber in a tubular furnace at 380 ℃ under argon atmosphere for 2.5h, then heating from 380 ℃ to 680 ℃, keeping for 1.2h under air condition, and cooling to room temperature to obtain La0.5Sr0.5Co0.9W0.1O3Perovskite nanofibers, denoted LSCW0.1。
Example 3
2.25mol of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, 2.25mol of strontium acetate, 2.25mol of cobalt nitrate and 2.25mol of ammonium metatungstate are weighed and added into 22.5g of PVP (K90)/DMF organic solvent (the mass fraction of PVPK90 is 15 percent), and stirred for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain a precursor.
Transferring the precursor solution into a spinning pipe, and performing electrostatic spinning (the electrostatic spinning distance is 10cm) under the voltage of 15kV to obtain nano fibers;
calcining the nano-fiber in a tubular furnace at 420 ℃ for 1.5h under argon atmosphere, then heating from 420 ℃ to 720 ℃, keeping for 1h under air condition, and cooling to room temperature to obtain La0.5Sr0.5Co0.5W0.5O3Perovskite nanofibers, denoted LSCW0.5。
Comparative example 1
2.25mol of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, 2.25mol of strontium acetate and 4.5mol of cobalt nitrate are weighed and added into 30g of PVP (K90)/DMF organic solvent (the mass fraction of PVPK90 is 12 percent), and stirred for 24h at room temperature to obtain a precursor.
Transferring the precursor solution into a spinning pipe, and performing electrostatic spinning (the electrostatic spinning distance is 13cm) under the voltage of 16kV to obtain nano fibers;
calcining the nano-fiber in a tubular furnace at 400 ℃ under argon atmosphere for 2h, then heating from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h under the air condition at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain La0.5Sr0.5CoO3Perovskite nanofibres, denoted LSC.
Comparative example 2
Weighing 4.5mol of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate and 4.5mol of cobalt nitrate, adding the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate and the cobalt nitrate into 30g of PVP (K90)/DMF organic solvent (the mass fraction of PVPK90 is 12%), and stirring the mixture for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain a precursor.
Transferring the precursor solution into a spinning pipe, and performing electrostatic spinning (the electrostatic spinning distance is 13cm) under the voltage of 16kV to obtain nano fibers;
calcining the nano-fiber in a tubular furnace at 400 ℃ under argon atmosphere for 2h, then heating from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 1h under the air condition at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and cooling to room temperature to obtain LaCoO3Perovskite nanofibers, denoted LCO3。
Experimental example 1
And (3) electrochemical performance testing:
the activity of Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) is determined by adopting a traditional three-electrode system, taking an Hg/HgO (sat. KOH) electrode as a reference electrode and a graphite rod as a counter electrode. The test was performed using the electrochemical workstation wuhan costas CS 350H. First, a four-necked flask containing 1mol of KOH was filled with oxygen (99.9%) for half an hour, and then 50 cycles of CV activation were performed. It was then recorded by Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV) at a sweep rate of 5 mV/s. The stability test adopts a timed current method. Double layer capacitance (C) was measured at cyclic voltammetric sweep rates of 20, 40, 60, 80, 100mV/s, respectivelydl). The potential was calculated with this formula:
ERHE＝EHg/HgO+0.0592pH+0.098V
wherein ERHETo the reversible hydrogen electrode potential (RHE), EHg/HgOFor the Hg/HgO electrode potential, the pH is the electrode pH.
Oxygen evolution reactionThe preparation steps of the OER electrocatalyst are as follows: 10 mg of each of the samples prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 was mixed, and the mixture was added to 0.9 ml of deionized water, 0.35 ml of ethanol, and 50. mu.l of Nafion. The resulting homogeneously mixed catalyst ink was dropped in an amount of 100. mu.l onto carbon paper by sonication for 20 minutes (loading amount: 1.538 mg/cm)2)。
The Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) activity was also determined using a conventional three-electrode system with a catalyst-coated GC Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) as the working electrode (0.195 mg/cm load)2) Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE) (sat. kcl) and graphite rod were used as reference and counter electrodes. The test was carried out using CHI660E electrochemical workstation in saturated oxygen in 0.1mol KOH, and the RDE was scanned at 100mV/s for 50 cycles prior to the ORR test. The LSV curve is plotted at a scan rate of 5mV/s @1600rpm, see FIG. 2, and the overpotential and electron transfer number are calculated according to the formula:
ERHE＝ESCE+0.0592pH+0.098V
n＝4Id/(Id+Ir/N)
oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst preparation procedure: 5mg of each of the samples prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 + 5mg of carbon black were mixed with 0.9 ml of deionized water, 0.35 ml of ethanol and 50. mu.l of Nafion. The resulting well-mixed catalyst ink was dropped 10. mu.l onto a glassy carbon electrode by sonication for 20 minutes.
FIG. 2 shows La0.5Sr0.5Co0.7W0.3O3-δThe lowest initial potential of 0.763V and the maximum limiting current density of 4.33mAcm are shown-2。
Experimental example 2
Zinc-air cell assembly and testing:
from zinc foil, 6mol KOH and Zn (Ac)2Electrolyte (17.715gKOH +1.835gZn (Ac))2+50mL H2O), Whatman TM glass microfiber membranes and foamed nickel. The catalyst was coated on a gas diffusion layer as an anode (2 mg/cm load)2) And the zinc sheet is used as a cathode. Zinc-air cell performance testing was performed at room temperature using the wuhan kowster CS350H electrochemical workstation.
The preparation method of the catalyst in the zinc-air battery comprises the following steps: 5mg catalyst sample + 5mg carbon black was mixed with 0.9 ml deionized water, 0.35 ml ethanol and 50 μ l Nafion. The obtained uniformly mixed catalyst ink was dropped onto carbon paper (2 mg/cm load) in an amount of 520. mu.l for 20 minutes by sonication2)。
La prepared by the invention0.5Sr0.5Co0.7W0.3O3-δThe perovskite can be used as an excellent catalyst of a zinc-air rechargeable battery, and has good cycle stability, practicability and long-term development prospect.
Experimental example 3
Separately apply LSCW0.3Catalyst prepared and commercial Pt/C + RuO2The discharge polarization curve and the power density curve of the catalyst-assembled zinc-air battery are measured, the test result is shown in figure 3, and the LSCW0.3(121.23mW/cm2The current density is 156mA/cm2) Superior to commercial Pt/C + RuO2Catalyst (79.64 mW/cm)2The current density is 124mA/cm2)。
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. The perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery is characterized by comprising the following raw materials of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate.
2. The perovskite nanofiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition molar ratio of lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate is 1:1: 1-2: 0.2-1 in sequence.
3. The perovskite nanofiber as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the perovskite nanofiber has a chemical formula of La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δWherein X is [0.1, 0.5 ]]Delta. is a value which renders the compound electrically non-conductive.
4. The preparation method of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
1) adding lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate, strontium acetate, cobalt nitrate and ammonium metatungstate into an organic solvent, and stirring to obtain a precursor;
2) transferring the precursor solution obtained in the step 1) to a spinning pipe, and performing electrostatic spinning to obtain nano fibers;
3) calcining the nano-fiber obtained in the step 2) in a tubular furnace, heating, preserving heat, and cooling to room temperature to obtain La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δPerovskite nanofibers.
5. The preparation method of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery as claimed in claim 4, wherein the organic solvent is a DMF solution containing PVP, and the mass fraction of PVP is 10-15%.
6. The preparation method of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the molar ratio of the mass of the added organic solvent to the lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate is 10-15: 1, g/mol.
7. The preparation method of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery as claimed in claim 4, wherein the electrostatic spinning voltage is 15-18 kV, and the distance of electrostatic spinning is 10-15 cm.
8. The preparation method of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery as claimed in claim 4, wherein the calcination temperature is 380-420 ℃, the calcination atmosphere is inert gas, and the calcination time is 1.5-2.5 h.
9. The preparation method of the perovskite nano fiber for the rechargeable zinc-air battery as claimed in claim 4 or 8, wherein the temperature rise rate is 4-6 ℃/min, the heat preservation temperature is 680-720 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-1.2 h.
10. La prepared according to any one of claims 4 to 90.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δUse of perovskite nanofibres in a positive electrode of a rechargeable zinc-air battery, characterized in that the La0.5Sr0.5Co1-xWxO3-δThe perovskite nano fiber is used as a catalyst of an air electrode in a rechargeable zinc-air battery.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116613332A (en) * 2023-07-17 2023-08-18 内蒙古工业大学 Perovskite nanofiber catalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN116613332B (en) * 2023-07-17 2023-09-26 内蒙古工业大学 Perovskite nanofiber catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

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