CN113390540A - Self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system and detection method - Google Patents
Self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
- G01L1/255—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons using acoustic waves, or acoustic emission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
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- H02S10/10—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power including a supplementary source of electric power, e.g. hybrid diesel-PV energy systems
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge stress detection, and discloses a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system and a detection method, wherein the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system comprises: the stress prediction device comprises a comprehensive environment energy acquisition module, an energy collection and storage module, an energy conversion module, a signal processing and sending module, a stress prediction module, a stress detection module, a stress data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a mobile terminal module and a central control and processing module. According to the invention, solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy are converted into electric energy through the stress detection system, the electric energy is stored through the energy collection and storage module, self-power supply of the system is realized, and the problem that the bridge stress detection system is powered by wired electricity on the bridge is solved; the stress sensor adopts graphene as a sensitive grid material, can increase the sensing capability on the vibration change of the bridge, and is connected with the mobile terminal module, so that maintenance personnel can conveniently and remotely monitor the safety condition of the bridge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge stress detection, and particularly relates to a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system and a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection method.
Background
At present, bridge safety is a key problem related to national safety, people's life and property safety. With the development of economy, bridge construction becomes frequent, the scale of construction becomes larger and larger, and for various reasons, in recent years, the frequency of bridge accidents becomes higher and higher, the factors causing the bridge accidents are more complicated, partly because of bridge design problems and construction problems, and partly because of the long service life of the bridge, the bridge needs to bear load for a long time, and the bridge materials are inevitably aged and damaged.
Conventional periodic inspections for bridge inspection include bridge deck inspection, superstructure inspection, and substructure inspection. A commonly used approach is manual inspection. However, the labor cost of manual inspection is too high, and the detection result is limited by the manual personal level, so that a stable detection result is difficult to obtain. And the manual work can not detect the bridge in real time, can not predict the crack risk of bridge, because the particularity of bridge structures, it can be more difficult to directly adopt wired power supply to supply power. Therefore, a new bridge stress detection system and method with low cost and high detection precision are needed.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the existing manual inspection method has overhigh labor cost, and the detection result is limited by the manual personal level, so that the stable detection result is difficult to obtain.
(2) The existing manual inspection method cannot detect the bridge in real time and cannot predict the crack risk of the bridge, and due to the particularity of the bridge structure, the direct adoption of a wired power supply for power supply is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system and a detection method, and particularly relates to a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system and a detection method based on comprehensive environmental energy collection.
The invention is thus realized, a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system, comprising:
the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module is connected with the central control and management module and is used for acquiring solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy existing in the environment through comprehensive environment energy acquisition equipment;
the energy collecting and storing module is connected with the central control and processing module and is used for storing the collected solar energy, the bridge vibration energy and the wind energy through energy collecting and storing equipment;
the energy conversion module is connected with the central control and processing module and used for converting the collected and stored solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy into electric energy through the energy conversion device, and the energy conversion module comprises:
acquiring residual energy E (t) of various types of energy conversion devices in the bridge stress detection system:
wherein E isj(t) is the residual energy of the equipment j at the moment t, and m is the total number of equipment to be uniformly managed in the distributed power generation area; the duration of use of m devices, i.e. the next replacement time TchangeIs recorded as:
wherein, TchangeFor the next replacement of the apparatus jTime;
presetting maximum replacement time interval T of m devicesintervalThe earliest replacement time T of m devicesfComprises the following steps:
wherein, TterFor the latest replacement time of m devices, all m devices need to be in [ T ]f,Tter]Replacement is carried out within a time period;
acquiring the required power supply L (t) of a plurality of loads of the bridge stress detection system:
L(t)＝[L1(t)，L2(t)，...，Ln(t)]；
wherein L isi(t) is the electric quantity required by the load i at the moment t, and n is the total load number of the load end;
the signal processing and transmitting module is connected with the central control and management module and is used for transmitting the stress data acquired by the sensor matrix and the data of the stress estimation module to the central processing unit through a signal processing program;
the central control and processing module is connected with the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module, the energy collection and storage module, the energy conversion module, the signal processing and sending module, the stress estimation module, the stress detection module, the stress data acquisition module, the data transmission module and the mobile terminal module, and is used for coordinating and controlling the normal operation of each module of the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system through the central processing unit, so that the detection precision of the bridge stress is ensured, and the method comprises the following steps:
calculating an error value according to the input stress data, and calculating an error change rate according to the error value;
receiving the error value and the error change rate, carrying out self-adaptive setting on the PID parameter of the PID controller by using a fuzzy rule, and outputting the change quantity of the PID parameter; wherein the PID parameters comprise a proportional regulation coefficient, an integral regulation coefficient and a differential regulation coefficient;
receiving the error value and the error change rate, and obtaining an initial value of a PID parameter by utilizing an expert knowledge base; obtaining PID parameter values according to the initial values and the variable quantities of the PID parameters during each PID calculation, and calculating control output quantity to a controlled object according to the PID parameter values;
wherein the PID parameter values are calculated by the following formula:
Kp＝Kp0+ΔKp
Ki＝Ki0+ΔKi
Kd＝Kd0+ΔKd；
kp, Ki and Kd are PID parameter values of a proportional regulation coefficient, an integral regulation coefficient and a differential regulation coefficient respectively; Δ Kp, Δ Ki, and Δ Kd are the variation amounts of the proportional adjustment coefficient, the integral adjustment coefficient, and the derivative adjustment coefficient, respectively;
calculating a control output quantity by the following formula:
wherein u (k) is the control output quantity of the k time, e (k) is the error value calculated by the k time, and e (j) is the error value calculated by the j time; e (k-1) is the error value calculated at the k-1 st time;
the stress estimation module is connected with the central control and management module and used for predicting and estimating the stress of the bridge through a stress estimation program;
stress detection module is connected with central control and processing module for carry out real-time detection to the stress of bridge through stress detection device, include:
amplifying the initial electric signal to obtain the excitation electric signal; sending the excitation electric signal to the ultrasonic transmitting probe;
controlling the ultrasonic transmitting probe to transmit an ultrasonic signal to the bridge, and determining the transmitting time of the ultrasonic signal; the ultrasonic signal is obtained by converting the excitation electrical signal after the ultrasonic emission probe receives the excitation electrical signal;
controlling the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe to receive an ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal, and determining the receiving time of each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe to receive the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal; wherein the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal is obtained by contacting the ultrasonic signal with the bridge;
determining stress changes borne by a bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe according to the transmitting time of the ultrasonic signals and the receiving time of each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe for receiving the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signals:
wherein, Delta sigma1For the stress change born by the bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe, E is Young's modulus, L is the acoustoelastic constant of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal propagating in the direction of the applied stress, t is the first reference transmission time of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal on the bridge which is uniform, isotropic and free of stress and is transmitted to any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe by the ultrasonic transmitting probe at the standard temperature, and delta t is the first reference transmission time of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal on the bridge which is uniform, isotropic and free of stress1Is the difference value of the first transmission time corresponding to any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe and the first reference transmission time corresponding to the ultrasonic receiving probe, delta tT1The influence quantity of the temperature on the transmission time of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transmitting probe to any one ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe is shown;
wherein, Δ tT1Expressed by the following formula:
wherein D is1Is the length, K, of the bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probeTIs a constant related to the bridge material, and Δ T is the temperature change;
the stress data acquisition module is connected with the central control and processing module and used for acquiring stress data acquired by the sensor matrix through stress data acquisition equipment;
the data transmission module is connected with the central control and processing module and used for transmitting the processed data and signals to a computer or a mobile phone through a data transmission program;
and the mobile terminal module is connected with the central control and processing module and is used for receiving the data transmitted by the data transmission module through the mobile terminal and displaying the data in real time through the display.
Further, the integrated environmental energy harvesting module comprises:
the solar energy collector converts solar energy into electric energy, the vibration energy collector converts the vertical vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever caused by the vibration of the bridge into the electric energy, and the wind energy collector converts wind energy into the electric energy;
the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module acquires comprehensive environment energy through a comprehensive environment energy collector, and the comprehensive environment energy collector is fixed on a pier through an expansion bolt.
Further, the energy conversion device comprises a power transformer, a micro gas turbine and a photovoltaic power generation device.
Furthermore, the stress estimation module comprises a plurality of estimation models, each estimation model has bijection relation with the corresponding grid, and the data collected by the stress sensor in the range corresponding to the estimation model grid is output.
Further, stress detection device includes an ultrasonic emission probe and at least one ultrasonic wave receiving probe, ultrasonic emission probe with at least one ultrasonic wave receiving probe sets gradually on same root track, ultrasonic emission probe with at least one ultrasonic wave receiving probe can move on the track.
Furthermore, the stress sensor is fixed on the surface of the pier through an acrylate adhesive, and the stress sensor module adopts graphene as a sensitive grid;
the stress sensor module also comprises a stress sensor signal conditioning circuit, and a sensor signal is sent to the signal processing and sending module through the stress sensor signal conditioning circuit.
Furthermore, a stress sensor grid is arranged in the stress sensor module, the stress sensors are arranged in the stress sensor grid, and the sensor grid is arranged in different areas of the bridge and used for sensing the stress of the bridge, so that high-sensitivity detection is realized; the stress sensor grid is square and may be different in size.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program for providing a user input interface for applying the self-powered high sensitivity bridge stress detection system when executed on an electronic device.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a computer readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to apply the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, wherein the information data processing terminal is used for the self-powered bridge stress detection system with high sensitivity.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system based on comprehensive environmental energy collection, solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy are converted into electric energy through the stress detection system, the electric energy is stored through the energy collection and storage module, self-powering of the system is achieved, and the problem that the bridge stress detection system is powered by wired electricity on a bridge is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a self-powered, high sensitivity bridge stress detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a comprehensive environment energy acquisition module; 2. an energy harvesting storage module; 3. an energy conversion module; 4. a signal processing and transmitting module; 5. a central control and processing module; 6. a stress estimation module; 7. a stress detection module; 8. a stress data acquisition module; 9. a data transmission module; 10. and a mobile terminal module.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for converting collected and stored solar energy, bridge vibration energy, and wind energy into electric energy by an energy conversion module using an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for ensuring detection accuracy of bridge stress by using a central processing unit to coordinate and control normal operation of each module of the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system through a central control and processing module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for detecting stress of a bridge in real time by a stress detection module using a stress detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system and a detection method, and the technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a self-powered bridge stress detection system with high sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module 1 is connected with the central control and management module 5 and is used for acquiring solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy existing in the environment through comprehensive environment energy acquisition equipment;
the energy collecting and storing module 2 is connected with the central control and processing module 5 and is used for storing the collected solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy through energy collecting and storing equipment;
the energy conversion module 3 is connected with the central control and processing module 5 and is used for converting the collected and stored solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy into electric energy through an energy conversion device;
the signal processing and transmitting module 4 is connected with the central control and management module 5 and is used for transmitting the stress data acquired by the sensor matrix and the data of the stress estimation module to the central processing unit through a signal processing program;
the central control and processing module 5 is connected with the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module 1, the energy collection and storage module 2, the energy conversion module 3, the signal processing and sending module 4, the stress estimation module 6, the stress detection module 7, the stress data acquisition module 8, the data transmission module 9 and the mobile terminal module 10, and is used for coordinating and controlling the normal operation of each module of the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system through a central processing unit so as to ensure the detection precision of the bridge stress;
the stress estimation module 6 is connected with the central control and management module 5 and used for predicting and estimating the stress of the bridge through a stress estimation program;
the stress detection module 7 is connected with the central control and processing module 5 and is used for detecting the stress of the bridge in real time through the stress detection device;
the stress data acquisition module 8 is connected with the central control and processing module 5 and is used for acquiring stress data acquired by the sensor matrix through stress data acquisition equipment;
the data transmission module 9 is connected with the central control and processing module 5 and used for transmitting the processed data and signals to a computer or a mobile phone through a data transmission program;
and the mobile terminal module 10 is connected with the central control and processing module 5 and is used for receiving the data transmitted by the data transmission module through the mobile terminal and displaying the data in real time through the display.
The comprehensive environment energy acquisition module provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the solar energy collector converts solar energy into electric energy, the vibration energy collector converts the vertical vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever caused by the vibration of the bridge into the electric energy, and the wind energy collector converts wind energy into the electric energy; the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module acquires comprehensive environment energy through a comprehensive environment energy collector, and the comprehensive environment energy collector is fixed on a pier through an expansion bolt.
The energy conversion device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a power transformer, a micro gas turbine and a photovoltaic power generation device.
The stress estimation module provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of estimation models, each estimation model has bijection relation with the corresponding grid, and the data acquired by the stress sensor in the range corresponding to the estimation model grid is output.
The stress sensor provided by the embodiment of the invention is fixed on the surface of a pier through an acrylate adhesive, and meanwhile, a stress sensor module adopts graphene as a sensitive grid; the stress sensor module also comprises a stress sensor signal conditioning circuit, and a sensor signal is sent to the signal processing and sending module through the stress sensor signal conditioning circuit.
The stress sensor module provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the stress sensor grids, the stress sensors are arranged in the stress sensor grids, and the sensor grids are arranged in different areas of the bridge and used for sensing the stress of the bridge, so that the high-sensitivity detection is realized; the stress sensor grid is square and may be different in size.
As shown in fig. 2, a self-powered bridge stress detection method with high sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s101, collecting solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy existing in the environment by using comprehensive environment energy collecting equipment through a comprehensive environment energy collecting module;
s102, storing the collected solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy by an energy collecting and storing module through an energy collecting and storing device;
s103, converting the collected and stored solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy by using an energy conversion device through an energy conversion module to obtain electric energy;
s104, sending the stress data acquired by the sensor matrix and the data of the stress estimation module to a central processing unit by using a signal processing program through a signal processing and sending module;
s105, the central control and processing module coordinately controls the normal operation of each module of the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system by using a central processing unit, so that the detection precision of bridge stress is ensured;
s106, predicting and estimating the stress of the bridge by a stress estimation program through a stress estimation module; the stress of the bridge is detected in real time by a stress detection module through a stress detection device;
s107, stress data acquired by a sensor matrix is acquired by a stress data acquisition module through stress data acquisition equipment; the processed data and signals are sent to a computer or a mobile phone by a data transmission module through a data transmission program;
and S108, receiving the data transmitted by the data transmission module through the mobile terminal module by using the mobile terminal, and displaying the data in real time through the display.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Fig. 2 shows a self-powered bridge stress detection method with high sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a method for converting collected and stored solar energy, bridge vibration energy, and wind energy into electric energy by an energy conversion module using an energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s201, acquiring residual energy of multiple types of energy conversion devices in the bridge stress detection system;
s202, presetting a maximum replacement time interval of the equipment, and determining the earliest replacement time of the equipment;
s203, acquiring the required power supply amount of a plurality of loads of the bridge stress detection system.
The method for acquiring residual energy E (t) of various types of energy conversion devices in the bridge stress detection system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
wherein E isj(t) is the residual energy of the equipment j at the moment t, and m is the total number of equipment to be uniformly managed in the distributed power generation area; the duration of use of m devices, i.e. the next replacement time TchangeIs recorded as:
wherein, TchangeThe next time the device j is replaced.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for presetting the maximum replacement time interval T of m devicesintervalThe earliest replacement time T of m devicesfComprises the following steps:
wherein, TterFor the latest replacement time of m devices, all m devices need to be in [ T ]f,Tter]The replacement is performed within a period of time.
The method for acquiring the required power supply quantity L (t) of the multiple loads of the bridge stress detection system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
L(t)＝[L1(t)，L2(t)，...，Ln(t)]；
wherein L isiAnd (t) is the electric quantity required by the load i at the moment t, and n is the total load number of the load end.
Example 2
Fig. 2 shows a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as a preferred embodiment, fig. 4 shows a method for ensuring bridge stress detection accuracy by using a central processing unit to coordinate and control normal operation of each module of the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system through a central control and processing module, which is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and includes:
s301, calculating an error value according to input stress data, and calculating an error change rate according to the error value;
s302, receiving the error value and the error change rate, carrying out self-adaptive setting on a PID parameter of the PID controller by using a fuzzy rule, and outputting the change quantity of the PID parameter;
s303, receiving the error value and the error change rate, and obtaining an initial value of a PID parameter by using an expert knowledge base; and obtaining PID parameter values according to the initial values and the variable quantities of the PID parameters during each PID calculation, and calculating the control output quantity to the controlled object according to the PID parameter values.
The PID parameters provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise a proportional regulation coefficient, an integral regulation coefficient and a differential regulation coefficient.
In step S303 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a PID parameter value is calculated by the following formula:
Kp＝Kp0+ΔKp
Ki＝Ki0+ΔKi
Kd＝Kd0+ΔKd；
kp, Ki and Kd are PID parameter values of a proportional regulation coefficient, an integral regulation coefficient and a differential regulation coefficient respectively; Δ Kp, Δ Ki, and Δ Kd are the amounts of change in the proportional adjustment coefficient, the integral adjustment coefficient, and the derivative adjustment coefficient, respectively.
In step S303 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the control output is calculated by the following formula:
wherein u (k) is the control output quantity of the k time, e (k) is the error value calculated by the k time, and e (j) is the error value calculated by the j time; e (k-1) is the error value calculated at the k-1 st time.
Example 3
Fig. 2 shows a self-powered bridge stress detection method with high sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as a preferred embodiment, fig. 5 shows a method for detecting stress of a bridge in real time by a stress detection module using a stress detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes:
s401, amplifying the initial electric signal to obtain the excitation electric signal; sending the excitation electric signal to the ultrasonic transmitting probe;
s402, controlling the ultrasonic transmitting probe to transmit an ultrasonic signal to the bridge, and determining the transmitting time of the ultrasonic signal;
s403, controlling the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe to receive an ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal, and determining the receiving time of each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe to receive the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal;
s404, determining stress change borne by a bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe according to the transmitting time of the ultrasonic signal and the receiving time of each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe for receiving the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal.
The stress detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an ultrasonic transmitting probe and at least one ultrasonic receiving probe, wherein the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe are sequentially arranged on the same track, and the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe can move on the track.
The ultrasonic signal provided by the embodiment of the invention is obtained by converting the excitation electric signal after the ultrasonic emission probe receives the excitation electric signal; the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal is obtained by contacting the ultrasonic signal with the bridge.
The method for determining the stress change borne by the bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe comprises the following steps:
wherein, Delta sigma1For the stress change born by the bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe, E is Young's modulus, L is the acoustoelastic constant of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal propagating in the direction of the applied stress, t is the first reference transmission time of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal on the bridge which is uniform, isotropic and free of stress and is transmitted to any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe by the ultrasonic transmitting probe at the standard temperature, and delta t is the first reference transmission time of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal on the bridge which is uniform, isotropic and free of stress1The first transmission time corresponding to any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe and the second transmission time corresponding to the ultrasonic receiving probeA difference of reference transmission time, Δ tT1The influence quantity of the temperature on the transmission time of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transmitting probe to any one ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe is shown;
wherein, Δ tT1Expressed by the following formula:
wherein D is1Is the length, K, of the bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probeTIs a constant associated with the bridge material and Δ T is the amount of temperature change.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When used in whole or in part, can be implemented in a computer program product that includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded or executed on a computer, cause the flow or functions according to embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system, comprising:
the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module is connected with the central control and management module and is used for acquiring solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy existing in the environment through comprehensive environment energy acquisition equipment;
the energy collecting and storing module is connected with the central control and processing module and is used for storing the collected solar energy, the bridge vibration energy and the wind energy through energy collecting and storing equipment;
the energy conversion module is connected with the central control and processing module and used for converting the collected and stored solar energy, bridge vibration energy and wind energy into electric energy through the energy conversion device, and the energy conversion module comprises:
acquiring residual energy E (t) of various types of energy conversion devices in the bridge stress detection system:
wherein E isj(t) is the residual energy of the equipment j at the moment t, and m is the total number of equipment to be uniformly managed in the distributed power generation area; the duration of use of m devices, i.e. the next replacement time TchangeIs recorded as:
wherein, TchangeThe next replacement time of the equipment j;
presetting maximum replacement time interval T of m devicesintervalThe earliest replacement time T of m devicesfComprises the following steps:
wherein, TterFor the latest replacement time of m devices, all m devices need to be in [ T ]f,Tter]Replacement is carried out within a time period;
acquiring the required power supply L (t) of a plurality of loads of the bridge stress detection system:
L(t)＝[L1(t)，L2(t)，...，Ln(t)]；
wherein L isi(t) is the electric quantity required by the load i at the moment t, and n is the total load number of the load end;
the signal processing and transmitting module is connected with the central control and management module and is used for transmitting the stress data acquired by the sensor matrix and the data of the stress estimation module to the central processing unit through a signal processing program;
the central control and processing module is connected with the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module, the energy collection and storage module, the energy conversion module, the signal processing and sending module, the stress estimation module, the stress detection module, the stress data acquisition module, the data transmission module and the mobile terminal module, and is used for coordinating and controlling the normal operation of each module of the self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system through the central processing unit, so that the detection precision of the bridge stress is ensured, and the method comprises the following steps:
calculating an error value according to the input stress data, and calculating an error change rate according to the error value;
receiving the error value and the error change rate, carrying out self-adaptive setting on the PID parameter of the PID controller by using a fuzzy rule, and outputting the change quantity of the PID parameter; wherein the PID parameters comprise a proportional regulation coefficient, an integral regulation coefficient and a differential regulation coefficient;
receiving the error value and the error change rate, and obtaining an initial value of a PID parameter by utilizing an expert knowledge base; obtaining PID parameter values according to the initial values and the variable quantities of the PID parameters during each PID calculation, and calculating control output quantity to a controlled object according to the PID parameter values;
wherein the PID parameter values are calculated by the following formula:
Kp＝Kp0+ΔKp
Ki＝Ki0+ΔKi
Kd＝Kd0+ΔKd；
kp, Ki and Kd are PID parameter values of a proportional regulation coefficient, an integral regulation coefficient and a differential regulation coefficient respectively; Δ Kp, Δ Ki, and Δ Kd are the variation amounts of the proportional adjustment coefficient, the integral adjustment coefficient, and the derivative adjustment coefficient, respectively;
calculating a control output quantity by the following formula:
wherein u (k) is the control output quantity of the k time, e (k) is the error value calculated by the k time, and e (j) is the error value calculated by the j time; e (k-1) is the error value calculated at the k-1 st time;
the stress estimation module is connected with the central control and management module and used for predicting and estimating the stress of the bridge through a stress estimation program;
stress detection module is connected with central control and processing module for carry out real-time detection to the stress of bridge through stress detection device, include:
amplifying the initial electric signal to obtain the excitation electric signal; sending the excitation electric signal to the ultrasonic transmitting probe;
controlling the ultrasonic transmitting probe to transmit an ultrasonic signal to the bridge, and determining the transmitting time of the ultrasonic signal; the ultrasonic signal is obtained by converting the excitation electrical signal after the ultrasonic emission probe receives the excitation electrical signal;
controlling the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe to receive an ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal, and determining the receiving time of each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe to receive the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal; wherein the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal is obtained by contacting the ultrasonic signal with the bridge;
determining stress changes borne by a bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe according to the transmitting time of the ultrasonic signals and the receiving time of each ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe for receiving the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signals:
wherein, Delta sigma1The stress change borne by the bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe is represented by E, the Young's modulus of elasticity, L, the acoustic elastic constant of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal in the direction of the applied stress, and t, the uniform, isotropic and uniform stress of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signalA first reference transmission time, at, on a freely stressed bridge and transmitted by the ultrasound transmission probe to any one of the at least one ultrasound reception probe at a standard temperature1Is the difference value of the first transmission time corresponding to any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe and the first reference transmission time corresponding to the ultrasonic receiving probe, delta tT1The influence quantity of the temperature on the transmission time of the ultrasonic critical longitudinal wave signal transmitted from the ultrasonic transmitting probe to any one ultrasonic receiving probe in the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe is shown;
wherein, Δ tT1Expressed by the following formula:
wherein D is1Is the length, K, of the bridge between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and any one of the at least one ultrasonic receiving probeTIs a constant related to the bridge material, and Δ T is the temperature change;
the stress data acquisition module is connected with the central control and processing module and used for acquiring stress data acquired by the sensor matrix through stress data acquisition equipment;
the data transmission module is connected with the central control and processing module and used for transmitting the processed data and signals to a computer or a mobile phone through a data transmission program;
and the mobile terminal module is connected with the central control and processing module and is used for receiving the data transmitted by the data transmission module through the mobile terminal and displaying the data in real time through the display.
2. The self-powered, high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system of claim 1, wherein the integrated environmental energy harvesting module comprises:
the solar energy collector converts solar energy into electric energy, the vibration energy collector converts the vertical vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever caused by the vibration of the bridge into the electric energy, and the wind energy collector converts wind energy into the electric energy;
the comprehensive environment energy acquisition module acquires comprehensive environment energy through a comprehensive environment energy collector, and the comprehensive environment energy collector is fixed on a pier through an expansion bolt.
3. The self-powered, high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system of claim 1, wherein the energy conversion device comprises a power transformer, a micro gas turbine, a photovoltaic power generation device.
4. The self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system according to claim 1, wherein the stress estimation module comprises a plurality of estimation models, each estimation model has bijection with its corresponding grid, and the stress sensors in the range corresponding to the estimation model grid acquire data and output estimation results.
5. The self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system according to claim 1, wherein the stress detection device comprises an ultrasonic transmitting probe and at least one ultrasonic receiving probe, the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe are sequentially arranged on the same track, and the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the at least one ultrasonic receiving probe can move on the track.
6. The self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system according to claim 1, wherein the stress sensor is fixed on the surface of a pier through acrylate adhesive, and the stress sensor module adopts graphene as a sensitive grid;
the stress sensor module also comprises a stress sensor signal conditioning circuit, and a sensor signal is sent to the signal processing and sending module through the stress sensor signal conditioning circuit.
7. The self-powered bridge stress detection system with high sensitivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein a stress sensor grid is arranged in the stress sensor module, the stress sensors are arranged in the stress sensor grid, and the sensor grid is arranged in different areas of the bridge for sensing bridge stress, so as to realize high-sensitivity detection; the stress sensor grid is square and may be different in size.
8. A computer program product stored on a computer readable medium, comprising a computer readable program for providing a user input interface for applying a self-powered high sensitivity bridge stress detection system according to any of claims 1-7 when executed on an electronic device.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to implement a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system according to any of claims 1-7.
10. An information data processing terminal, wherein the information data processing terminal is used for a self-powered high-sensitivity bridge stress detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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