CN113389294A - Low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/08—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against transmission of vibrations or movements in the foundation soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/027—Preventive constructional measures against earthquake damage in existing buildings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure and a manufacturing method thereof. The low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell consists of a first steel plate (1), a second steel plate (2) and a third steel plate (3) with three different specifications. The cross fractal wave barrier designed by the invention can control surface waves with frequencies within the ranges of 0.43-0.96Hz and 8.81-16.37Hz caused by various activities. The structure designed by the invention can attenuate not only seismic surface waves, but also surface waves possibly generated in the full band gap range by other activities such as road traffic, building construction, equipment use and the like. The cross fractal wave barrier is arranged on the outer side of the weak position of the building, so that the structure at the specific position can be protected from being damaged by surface waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure, which is a novel structure with good control and attenuation effects on seismic surface waves.
Background
The earth can generate millions of earthquakes every year, and according to statistics of the earthquake table network center in China, over 100 years, the earth can generate 800 major earthquakes of six grades or more in China, and the average number of the major earthquakes is over 8 per year. The major casualties from earthquakes are mainly due to building collapse. The destruction of some important buildings and facilities will cause catastrophic disasters and irreparable damage, such as nuclear power plants and ancient buildings. After the earthquake occurs, earthquake waves carrying a large amount of energy are emitted to all directions from the underground deep seismic source. When they meet the earth's surface, the energy propagates along the earth's surface, i.e., seismic surface waves. Rayleigh waves are surface waves with frequencies between 0.1 and 20hz that are extremely harmful to man-made structures, since the fundamental resonance frequency of buildings is well within this frequency range. It is difficult to attenuate low frequency surface waves within the above-mentioned frequency bands with conventional seismic methods, which are also inefficient for major earthquakes. Periodic seismic wave barriers, also known as seismic metamaterials, proposed in recent years can subtly prevent these things.
Periodic seismic wave barriers can be broadly classified into local resonance mechanisms and bragg scattering mechanisms based on a tuning mechanism. The wavelength pass length of the band gap frequency of the periodic seismic wave barrier based on the Bragg scattering mechanism is equal to the lattice constant, which is two orders of magnitude higher than the lattice constant of the local resonance band gap. Although there are many studies to design a large seismic monitoring system for low and long wavelength seismic waves using a bragg scattering mechanism in consideration of the seismic object being a large building, this limits the wide application of the bragg scattering type periodic seismic wave barrier. The local resonance type periodic seismic wave barrier can realize small-size control of large wavelength, but has the problem of narrow band gap. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of wide control range, simple structure and strong adaptability, can effectively control and attenuate the low-frequency earthquake surface wave, and has very important significance for protecting important buildings such as nuclear power stations, oil refineries, ancient buildings and the like and urban residential buildings! The invention designs a low-frequency wide-band-gap cross fractal wave barrier based on a local resonance adjusting mechanism, and realizes the control and attenuation of low-frequency seismic surface waves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure, and relates to a cross fractal seismic wave barrier for attenuating low-frequency seismic surface waves. The low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure aims at providing a device for attenuating seismic surface waves, protecting buildings, being simple in material selection, effectively reducing seismic disasters and reducing building post-disaster repair and maintenance cost.
The invention relates to a low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure which is formed by extending cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cells in two mutually perpendicular directions in a horizontal plane and is designed on the periphery of a building. The low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell consists of a first steel plate (1), a second steel plate (2) and a third steel plate (3) with three different specifications. Combining the steel plates (1), (2) and (3) according to the structural arrangement form designed by the invention to form a rear cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell, and then periodically arranging the unit cell above a soil layer (4) at the periphery of the structure.
In the low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure, the lengths of three steel plates (1), (2) and (3) with different specifications, which form the cross fractal wave barrier structure, are 1.6m, 1.6/3m and 1.6/6m respectively; the thickness is 0.1m and the height is 10 m. The spacing between two adjacent unicellular centroids is 2 m.
The low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure designed by the invention is arranged on the periphery of a building and is arranged along the circumferential direction of the building, and the horizontal distance from the building is 10 m. The peripheral dimension of the periodic arrangement structure formed by extension of the unit cell structure designed by the invention is not less than the peripheral dimension of the building foundation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure is formed by continuously extending designed cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cells along two mutually perpendicular directions in a horizontal plane. The damping structure is arranged on the periphery of a building, is arranged along the circumferential direction of the building within a certain range, and is used for damping seismic surface waves with frequencies within two frequency ranges of 0.43-0.96Hz and 8.81-16.37Hz by utilizing the band gap characteristic of a periodic structure, so that the building is protected from being damaged by the seismic surface waves with specific frequency ranges.
When the seismic surface wave reaches the designed cross fractal wave barrier, vibration is generated at the joint of the structure and the soil layer and at the top of the structure due to different impedances between the soil and the upper structure, so that a band gap is generated in the periodic structure, and the seismic surface wave with the frequency within the band gap range cannot pass through the designed structure. Therefore, the seismic surface wave of a specific frequency band can be controlled and attenuated, and the structure can be protected.
The low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell consists of three steel plates (1), (2) and (3) with different specifications. The three steel plates with different specifications are combined according to the design form of the invention, and are arranged above the soil layer (4) after a third-order cross fractal structure is formed.
The upper surface and the lower surface of a third-order cross fractal wave barrier structure formed by three steel plates with different specifications are flush.
The invention discloses a low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure, which mainly relates to two different materials.
The low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure comprises steel and soil. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the density ρ of steel1＝7784kg/m3(ii) a Young's modulus E1＝2.07×1011Pa; poisson ratio gamma10.3; density of soil layer rho2＝1300kg/m3(ii) a Young's modulus E2＝2×107Pa; poisson ratio gamma2＝0.3。
Compared with the Bragg scattering type periodic wave barrier, the invention has the following advantages:
1) has wide application range. The cross fractal wave barrier designed by the invention is not only suitable for specific large buildings with frequencies falling within the ranges of 0.43-0.96HzHz and 8.81-16.37Hz, but also can be conditioned within the range of full band gap by changing the geometric parameters and the material parameters of the structure, thereby being suitable for various buildings under different site conditions.
2) The full band gap range is wider. The two full band gaps of the cross fractal wave barrier designed by the invention are positioned at 0.43-0.96HzHz and 8.81-16.37Hz, the height of the relative band gap is 60%, and the cross fractal wave barrier can obviously attenuate the seismic surface wave positioned in the full band gap range.
3) The materials are common, and the low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure designed by the invention is mainly made of steel and can be replaced by aluminum and copper. And soil is also common sandy soil. These materials are common in building construction and are readily available.
4) The structure is relatively simple. The low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell mainly comprises three steel plates (1), (2) and (3) with different specifications, and is periodically arranged above a soil layer (4) according to a specific position and a sequence, so that the structure is simple.
5) The cross fractal wave barrier designed by the invention can control surface waves with frequencies within the ranges of 0.43-0.96Hz and 8.81-16.37Hz caused by various activities. The structure designed by the invention can attenuate not only seismic surface waves, but also surface waves possibly generated in the full band gap range by other activities such as road traffic, building construction, equipment use and the like.
6) The building is protected to the multi-angle. The cross fractal wave barrier is arranged on the outer side of the weak position of the building, so that the structure at the specific position can be protected from being damaged by surface waves. Meanwhile, the cross fractal wave barrier structure is arranged along the circumferential direction of the building, so that surface waves in all directions can be effectively attenuated.
7) The size is relatively small, and the application is more flexible. The periodic wave barrier structure based on the Bragg scattering adjustment mechanism mainly depends on periodic arrangement, the unit cell size of each structure is close to the wavelength of seismic waves, and the lattice constant pass length is 10m or more. The cross fractal wave barrier designed by the invention is mainly based on a local resonance regulation mechanism, the lattice constant of each structural unit cell is only 2m, and the size of the lattice constant is far smaller than that of a Bragg scattering type periodic wave barrier.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure unit cell provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure unit cell provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an energy band of a cross fractal wave barrier structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a transmission spectrum of a surface acoustic wave barrier consisting of ten rows of cross-shaped fractal wave barrier unit cells when the surface acoustic wave is excited along the direction of the Piperk;
wherein: 1. a first steel plate; 2. a second steel plate; 3. a third steel plate; 4. and (4) a soil layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures: the low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure mainly comprises three steel plates with different specifications, namely a first steel plate (1), a second steel plate (2) and a third steel plate (3).
First, two first steel plates (1) are welded into a cross-shaped steel arrangement by process means and arranged at the core position. The two first steel plates (1) forming the cross-shaped steel are 1.6m in length, 0.1m in thickness and 10m in height. The structure composed at this time is defined as a first-order cross fractal structure.
And then, respectively connecting four second steel plates (2) with the length of 1.6/3m, the thickness of 0.1m and the height of 10m at the positions 1.6/3m away from the center of the first-step cross-shaped steel, so that the centroids of the second steel plates (2) are positioned on the central lines of the two first steel plates (1) of the first-step cross-shaped steel structure and are 1.6/3m away from the centroid of the first-step cross-shaped steel. The structure at this time is defined as a second-order cross fractal structure.
And secondly, arranging 12 third steel plates (3) with the length of 1.6/6m, the thickness of 0.1m and the height of 10m on the outer sides of the steel plates of the second-order cross fractal respectively. According to the designed cross fractal wave barrier form, 12 third steel plates (3) are respectively positioned on the central lines of the two ends of the first steel plate (1) or the second steel plate (2). The structure at this time is defined as a third order cross fractal structure.
The upper surface and the lower surface of a third-order cross fractal wave barrier structure formed by three steel plates with different specifications are flush.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the low-frequency damping cross-shaped fractal wave barrier unit cell is a third-order cross-shaped fractal structural steel composed of three steel plates with different specifications, namely a first steel plate (1), a second steel plate (2) and a third steel plate (3), and is periodically arranged above a soil layer (4) around a building according to a specific sequence. The lengths of the steel plates (1), (2) and (3) are 1.6m, 1.6/3m and 1.6/6m respectively; the thickness is 0.1m and the height is 10 m.
And after finishing one low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell, arranging the seismic surface wave barrier structure unit cell on the periphery of a building. And repeating the steps, and manufacturing the quantity of the single cells of the seismic surface wave barrier structure until the single cells can be arranged along the circumferential direction of the building, wherein the distance between the single cells and the centroids of the single cells is 2 m.
The specific material parameters are as follows:
steel: density p1＝7784kg/m3(ii) a Young's modulus E1＝2.07×1011Pa; poisson ratio gamma1＝0.3；
Soil: density p2＝1800kg/m3(ii) a Young's modulus E2＝2×107Pa; poisson ratio gamma2＝0.3。
Referring to fig. 3, the light gray area is the full band gap range of the band structure. The calculation of the energy band structure shows that two band gaps exist in the structure within the range of 0.1-20 Hz. The first full band gap is in the range of 0.43-0.96Hz, and the band gap width is 0.53 Hz. The second full band gap is in the range of 8.81-16.37Hz with a band gap width of 7.56 Hz.
Referring to fig. 4, the light gray area is the attenuation domain of the transmission spectrum of the barrier structure of seismic surface waves designed by the present invention. The transmission spectrum calculation result shows that the first attenuation domain is in the range of 0.4-1.6Hz, and the second attenuation domain is in the range of 8.2-16.9 Hz. This is substantially consistent with the full band gap range of the band structure described above.
The energy band structure and the transmission spectrum calculation of the cross fractal wave barrier show that the designed structure based on the local resonance adjusting mechanism has the characteristics of low frequency and wide band gap. At the same time, seismic surface waves with frequencies within the band gap range can be significantly attenuated.
In conclusion, the low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure designed by the invention has the characteristic of low-frequency band gap, can effectively control and attenuate seismic surface waves in the frequency range of the full band gap, and has good damping performance and the function of protecting buildings.
Claims (8)
1. A low frequency shock attenuation cross fractal wave barrier structure which characterized in that: the wave barrier structure is formed by extending a cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell in two mutually vertical directions in a horizontal plane and is designed on the periphery of a building; the low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell consists of a first steel plate (1), a second steel plate (2) and a third steel plate (3) with three different specifications; the first steel plate (1), the second steel plate (2) and the third steel plate (3) are combined according to the designed structural arrangement form to form a cross fractal wave barrier structure unit cell, and then the unit cell is periodically arranged above a soil layer (4) at the periphery of the structure.
2. The low-frequency damping cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure, the lengths of a first steel plate (1), a second steel plate (2) and a third steel plate (3) which form the cross fractal wave barrier structure and have different specifications are 1.6m, 1.6/3m and 1.6/6m respectively; the thickness is 0.1m, and the height is 10 m; the spacing between two adjacent unicellular centroids is 2 m.
3. The low-frequency damping cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the designed low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure is arranged on the periphery of a building and is arranged along the circumferential direction of the building, and the horizontal distance from the low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure to the building is 10 m.
4. The low-frequency damping cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the peripheral dimension of the periodically arranged structure formed by the extension of the designed unit cell structure is not less than the peripheral dimension of the building foundation.
5. The low-frequency damping cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wave barrier structure is arranged on the periphery of the building and arranged along the circumferential direction of the building within a certain range, and by utilizing the band gap characteristic of the periodic structure, the earthquake surface waves with the attenuation frequencies within two frequency ranges of 0.43-0.96Hz and 8.81-16.37Hz are protected from the damage of the earthquake surface waves of a specific frequency range.
6. The low-frequency damping cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: three steel plates with different specifications are combined according to a designed form to form a third-order cross fractal structure, and then the third-order cross fractal structure is arranged above the soil layer (4).
7. The low-frequency damping cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of a third-order cross fractal wave barrier structure formed by three steel plates with different specifications are flush.
8. The low-frequency damping cross-shaped fractal wave barrier structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the designed low-frequency damping cross fractal wave barrier structure is made of steel and soil; wherein the density of steel is rho1＝7784kg/m3(ii) a Young's modulus E1＝2.07×1011Pa; poisson ratio gamma10.3; density of soil layer rho2＝1300kg/m3(ii) a Young's modulus E2＝2×107Pa; poisson ratio gamma2＝0.3。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114606987A (en) * | 2022-03-12 | 2022-06-10 | 北京工业大学 | Grid type seismic lamb wave barrier structure |
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2021
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