CN113388140A - Special preservative film containing nano pectin coating for pitaya and preparation method of preservative film - Google Patents
Special preservative film containing nano pectin coating for pitaya and preparation method of preservative film Download PDFInfo
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- CN113388140A CN113388140A CN202110889783.3A CN202110889783A CN113388140A CN 113388140 A CN113388140 A CN 113388140A CN 202110889783 A CN202110889783 A CN 202110889783A CN 113388140 A CN113388140 A CN 113388140A
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 235000010837 Echinocereus enneacanthus subsp brevispinus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 235000006850 Echinocereus enneacanthus var dubius Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 240000008086 Echinocereus enneacanthus Species 0.000 title claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 93
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 244000157072 Hylocereus undatus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 235000018481 Hylocereus undatus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- QANIADJLTJYOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;magnesium;carbonate;hydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O QANIADJLTJYOFI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229940071120 dehydroacetate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 19
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019258 dehydroacetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940061632 dehydroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- JEQRBTDTEKWZBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dehydroacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=C(O)OC(C)=CC1=O JEQRBTDTEKWZBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dehydroacetic acid Natural products CC(=O)C1C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000004288 Sodium dehydroacetate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000000874 microwave-assisted extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000019259 sodium dehydroacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- DSOWAKKSGYUMTF-GZOLSCHFSA-M sodium;(1e)-1-(6-methyl-2,4-dioxopyran-3-ylidene)ethanolate Chemical compound [Na+].C\C([O-])=C1/C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O DSOWAKKSGYUMTF-GZOLSCHFSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/02—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber
- B05D7/04—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to macromolecular substances, e.g. rubber to surfaces of films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2201/00—Polymeric substrate or laminate
- B05D2201/02—Polymeric substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
- B05D2401/20—Aqueous dispersion or solution
- B05D2401/21—Mixture of organic solvent and water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
- C08J2405/06—Pectin; Derivatives thereof
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preservative film containing a nano pectin coating layer and special for pitaya and a preparation method of the preservative film, and belongs to the technical field of preservative filmsThe coating weight of the nano pectin coating is 1-7g/m2. The nano pectin coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of pectin; 0.5-1 part of dehydroacetate intercalation hydrotalcite powder; 40-60 parts of distilled water; 30-50 parts of glycerol. The preparation method of the preservative film special for the dragon fruits comprises the following steps: and the nano pectin coating in the pitaya special preservative film containing the nano pectin coating is smeared on the surface of a polyethylene film through a coating machine. The dragon fruit preservative can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, prolongs the quality guarantee period of the dragon fruit, and has better tensile strength, elongation at break and light transmittance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preservative films, in particular to a preservative film containing a nano pectin coating and specially used for dragon fruits, a preparation method and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Pectin is a macromolecular acidic linear polysaccharide, mainly exists in plant cell walls, and has various applications in food, medicine and chemical industries. Pectin is a hydrophilic jelly, has no peculiar smell, has good emulsifying, thickening, stabilizing and gelling effects, has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, antibacterial property and the like, and is an important food additive. The pitaya peel contains a large amount of pectin substances, and if the pitaya peel can be utilized, waste materials can be changed into things of value.
In order to prolong the shelf life of fruits and vegetables, edible films made of pectin appear on the market at present, however, the thickness of the edible films is usually obviously larger than that of the traditional preservative films, and the tensile strength, the elongation at break and the light transmittance of the edible films are all poorer than those of the traditional preservative films.
In view of the above, the invention provides the preservative film containing the nano pectin coating layer and special for the dragon fruits and the preparation method thereof, the preservative film has better tensile strength, elongation at break and light transmittance, and compared with the traditional PE preservative film, the preservative film special for the dragon fruits can prolong the preservation period of the fruits and vegetables (dragon fruits).
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preservative film containing a nano pectin coating and specially used for dragon fruits and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the preservative film containing the nano pectin coating layer special for the dragon fruits comprises a polyethylene film and the nano pectin coating layer coated on the polyethylene film, wherein the coating amount of the nano pectin coating layer is 1-7g/m2；
More preferably: the nano pectin coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1-3 parts of pectin; 0.5-1 part of dehydroacetate intercalation hydrotalcite powder; 40-60 parts of distilled water; 30-50 parts of glycerol.
More preferably: the preparation method of the nano pectin coating comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing pectin;
s2, preparing a nano pectin coating.
More preferably: the preparation method of pectin comprises the following steps:
s11, taking fresh pitaya, washing with deionized water, removing pulp, putting peel into water at 60-70 ℃ for soaking for 1-2h, taking out, draining water, and drying at 60-70 ℃ to constant weight through an oven;
s12, cutting the dried peel into particles of 3-5mm, and then grinding to obtain peel powder;
s13, adding a compound phosphate solution with the mass concentration of 30% into the peel powder prepared in the step S12 until the peel powder is completely immersed, standing and breaking the wall for 18-24 hours, moving the peel powder into a water bath kettle, and preserving the heat for 30-45min at 80-90 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
s14, adding 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into the mixed solution to adjust the pH to 3-4, preheating for 20-25min at 90-100 ℃, performing microwave extraction for 12-15min by a microwave extractor, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution;
s15, adding immobilized pectin esterase into the extracting solution, sealing, placing into a constant temperature box, performing enzymolysis at 40-45 ℃ for 1-2 days, taking out, and performing suction filtration to obtain an enzymolysis solution;
s16, adding an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 90% into the enzymatic hydrolysate, then moving the enzymatic hydrolysate into an ice bath kettle, carrying out ice bath at 4-6 ℃, stirring the mixture for 5-10min by using a glass rod in the ice bath process, then standing the mixture for 20-30min, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain a pectin precipitate;
s17, putting the pectin precipitate into a constant-temperature drying oven, and drying at 60-70 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the pectin.
More preferably: the mass of the immobilized pectin esterase is 3-5% of the mass of the extracting solution.
More preferably: the preparation method of the nano pectin coating comprises the following steps:
s21 preparation of dehydroacetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material
Weighing Mg (NO) with a molar ratio of 2:13)2·6H2O and Al (NO)3)3·9H2Preparing a salt solution from O in 100mL of deionized water; 9.6g NaOH and 10.6g anhydrous Na were weighed2CO3Make up a solution in 100mL of water. Mixing the two solutions, stirring for 3-6min, pouring into a three-neck flask, refluxing at 100 deg.C for 6h, vacuum filtering, washing with water until pH is less than 8, oven drying the filter cake at 80 deg.C, grinding, and sieving to obtain magnesium-aluminum water talcum powder;
weighing 10.0g of magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite powder, dissolving the magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite powder in ethylene glycol, weighing 4.0g of sodium dehydroacetate, dissolving the magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite powder and the sodium dehydroacetate in water, mixing and stirring the magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite powder and the water, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4.5 by using dilute nitric acid, refluxing and stirring the solution for 3 hours at 150 ℃, filtering and washing the solution, drying the solution for 12 hours at 80 ℃, grinding and sieving the dried solution to obtain dehydroacetic acid layer hydrotalcite powder;
s22 preparation of nano pectin coating
Weighing the raw material components according to the parts by weight in the raw material components of the nano pectin coating, then adding distilled water into pectin until the pectin is dissolved in the distilled water, then adding dehydroacetic acid layer hydrotalcite powder and glycerol, and mixing to obtain the nano pectin coating liquid.
A preparation method of a special preservative film containing a nano pectin coating for dragon fruits comprises the step of coating the nano pectin coating on the surface of a polyethylene film through a coating machine.
More preferably: the coating machine comprises a shell, wherein a first driving roller, a second driving roller, a coating roller, a wet wiping mechanism, a dry wiping mechanism, a drying roller and a coating liquid box are arranged in the shell;
the polyethylene film sequentially passes through a first transmission roller, a wet wiping mechanism, a dry wiping mechanism, a coating roller, a drying roller and a second transmission roller along the propulsion direction, nano pectin coating liquid is stored in a coating liquid box, the coating liquid box is positioned below the coating roller, and the bottom of the coating roller is positioned in the nano pectin coating liquid;
the wet wiping mechanism comprises a water absorption sponge, and the water absorption sponge is used for wiping impurities on the surface of the polyethylene film; the dry wiping mechanism comprises dry sponge, and the dry sponge is used for wiping water stains remained on the surface of the polyethylene film in the wiping process of the water absorption sponge; the coating roller is used for coating the nano pectin masking liquid on the surface of the polyethylene film; the drying roller is in contact with the other surface of the coating surface on the surface of the polyethylene film, and is used for drying the nano pectin coating liquid so as to form a nano pectin coating on the surface of the polyethylene film.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects: because the hydrotalcite interlamination has nanometer-sized gaps, interlamination anions have interchangeability and have slow release function to ions intercalated therein. The dehydroacetic acid and the sodium salt thereof can inhibit mould, yeast and bacteria, a small amount of dehydroacetate is intercalated into the hydrotalcite to prepare the dehydroacetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material, and the dehydroacetic acid with the anticorrosion function is slowly released from the hydrotalcite interlayer, so that the shelf life can be prolonged, and the side effect can be reduced. The method adopts an ion exchange method to intercalate dehydroacetate into hydrotalcite, synthesizes a dehydroacetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material, and then mixes the dehydroacetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material with pectin to prepare the nano pectin coating liquid. After the nano pectin masking liquid is coated on the inner surface of a traditional polyethylene film, a nano pectin coating with functions of corrosion prevention and bacterial growth inhibition is formed, and accordingly, the dragon fruits can be better preserved. Because the inner surface of the polyethylene film is coated with the nano pectin coating, compared with the traditional polyethylene film, the special preservative film for the dragon fruits has a better bacteriostatic effect, and the quality guarantee period of the dragon fruits can be prolonged. And because the invention uses the traditional polyethylene film as the base material and coats the nano pectin coating on the surface of the polyethylene film, compared with the pectin edible preservative film on the market, the invention has better tensile strength, elongation at break and light transmittance and has synergistic effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment, which is mainly used for embodying the structure of a coater;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment, which is mainly used for embodying a matching structure between the wet wiping mechanism and the polyethylene film.
In the figure, 1, a housing; 2. a polyethylene film; 3. a rear end in the propulsion direction; 4. a propulsion direction front end; 5. a first drive roller; 6. a second driving roller; 7. a coating roll; 8. a wet wiping mechanism; 81. a water-absorbing sponge; 82. a sleeve; 83. a water absorption rope; 84. a water tank; 85. a water filling port; 9. a dry wiping mechanism; 91. a dry sponge; 92. a connecting rod; 93. a spring; 94. connecting blocks; 10. a drying roller; 11. a liquid coating tank; 12. an electric heating wire; 13. a liquid filling port.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1: the preservative film special for the dragon fruits and the preparation method thereof, wherein the preservative film special for the dragon fruits comprises a polyethylene film 2 and a nano pectin coating coated on the surface of the polyethylene film 2, and the coating weight of the nano pectin coating is 3g/m2The nano pectin coating is only coated on the inner side of the polyethylene film 2, so that the nano pectin coating can be in contact with the dragon fruit.
Preferably, the nano pectin coating is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight:
1.5g of pectin; 0.8g of dehydroacetate intercalation hydrotalcite powder; 50g of distilled water; and 40g of glycerol.
The preparation method of the nano pectin coating comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation of pectin
S11, taking fresh pitaya, washing with deionized water, removing pulp, putting peel into 63 ℃ water, soaking for 1.5h, taking out, draining water, and drying to constant weight at 63 ℃ through an oven;
s12, cutting the dried peel into particles of 3-5mm, and then grinding to obtain peel powder;
s13, adding a compound phosphate solution with the mass concentration of 30% into the peel powder prepared in the step S12 until the peel powder is completely immersed, standing and breaking the wall for 20 hours, transferring the peel powder into a water bath kettle, and preserving the heat for 35min at 85 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
s14, adding 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into the mixed solution to adjust the pH value to 3-4, preheating for 22min at 92 ℃, performing microwave extraction for 13min by a microwave extractor, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution;
s15, adding immobilized pectin esterase into the extracting solution, preferably, the mass of the immobilized pectin esterase is 4% of that of the extracting solution, sealing, placing into a constant temperature box, performing enzymolysis at 42 ℃ for 2 days, taking out, and performing suction filtration to obtain an enzymolysis solution;
s16, adding an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 90% into the enzymatic hydrolysate, then moving the enzymatic hydrolysate into an ice bath kettle, carrying out ice bath at 5 ℃, stirring the mixture for 6min by using a glass rod in the ice bath process, then standing the mixture for 22min, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain a pectin precipitate;
and S17, putting the pectin precipitate into a constant-temperature drying oven, and drying at 63 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the pectin.
In the technical scheme, the dragon fruit is softened by absorbing water and crushed to obtain dragon fruit peel powder, the peel powder is extracted to obtain an extracting solution, the extracting solution is subjected to esterase to obtain an enzymatic hydrolysate, and filter residue is obtained after the enzymatic hydrolysate is filtered.
S2 preparation of nano pectin coating
S21 preparation of dehydroacetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material
Weighing Mg (NO) with a molar ratio of 2:13)2·6H2O and Al (NO)3)3·9H2Preparing a salt solution from O in 100mL of deionized water; 9.6g NaOH and 10.6g anhydrous Na were weighed2CO3Make up a solution in 100mL of water. Mixing the two solutions, stirring for 4min, pouring into a three-neck flask, refluxing at 100 deg.C for 6h, vacuum filtering, washing with water until pH is less than 8, oven drying the filter cake at 80 deg.C, grinding, and sieving to obtain magnesium-aluminum water talcum powder;
10.0g of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite powder was weighed out and dissolved in ethylene glycol, and 4.0g of sodium dehydroacetate was weighed out and dissolved in water. Mixing the two solutions, stirring, adjusting pH to 4.5 with dilute nitric acid, refluxing and stirring at 150 deg.C for 3 hr, filtering, washing with water, drying at 80 deg.C for 12 hr, grinding, and sieving to obtain dehydroacetic acid layer hydrotalcite powder;
s22 preparation of nano pectin coating
Weighing the raw material components according to the weight of the raw material components of the nano pectin coating, adding distilled water into pectin until the pectin is dissolved in the distilled water, adding dehydroacetic acid layer hydrotalcite powder and glycerol, and mixing to obtain the nano pectin coating liquid.
In the technical scheme, because the hydrotalcite laminates have nanometer-sized gaps, interlayer anions of the hydrotalcite laminates have interchangeability and have a slow release function on ions intercalated in the hydrotalcite laminates. Dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt can inhibit mould, yeast and bacteria, and a small amount of dehydroacetate is intercalated into hydrotalcite to prepare dehydroacetateThe hydrogen acetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material has the advantages that dehydroacetic acid with an anticorrosion function is slowly released from a hydrotalcite interlayer, the value retention period can be prolonged, and the side effect can be reduced. The method adopts an ion exchange method to intercalate dehydroacetate into hydrotalcite, synthesizes a dehydroacetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material, and then mixes the dehydroacetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material with pectin to prepare the nano pectin coating liquid. After the nano pectin masking liquid is coated on the inner surface of the traditional polyethylene film 2, a nano pectin coating with the functions of corrosion prevention and bacterial growth inhibition is formed, so that the dragon fruits can be better preserved. The detection shows that the tensile strength of the obtained preservative film is not lower than 10MPa (longitudinal/transverse), the elongation at break is not lower than 120 percent (longitudinal/transverse), and the gas permeability is as follows: 8000-20000cm3/(m2D atm) (oxygen) of not less than 50000cm3/(m2D atm) (carbon dioxide), the light transmittance is not less than 90%.
The preparation method of the preservative film containing the nano pectin coating and specially used for the dragon fruits comprises the following steps:
and uniformly coating the nano pectin masking liquid on the inner surface of the polyethylene film 2 through a coating machine to form a nano pectin coating for corrosion prevention and antibiosis on the inner surface of the polyethylene film 2.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the coater preferably includes a housing 1, and a first driving roller 5, a second driving roller 6, a coating roller 7, a wet wiping mechanism 8, a dry wiping mechanism 9, a drying roller 10 and a coating liquid tank 11 are disposed in the housing 1. The polyethylene film 2 sequentially passes through a first driving roller 5, a wet wiping mechanism 8, a dry wiping mechanism 9, a coating roller 7, a drying roller 10 and a second driving roller 6 along the advancing direction. First driving roller 5, coating roller 7, stoving roller 10 and second driving roller 6 are parallel arrangement and all rotate to be connected in casing 1, and first driving roller 5 and stoving roller 10 are located same level, and second driving roller 6, coating roller 7 and 5 level of first driving roller reduce in proper order. The polyethylene film 2 is in contact with the bottom surface of the first driving roller 5, the bottom surface of the drying roller 10, the top surface of the coating roller 7 and the bottom surface of the second driving roller 6 respectively. The polyethylene film 2 is arranged in a tensioning mode, one end of the polyethylene film is a propelling direction rear end 3, the other end of the polyethylene film is a propelling direction front end 4, and both the propelling direction rear end 3 and the propelling direction front end 4 of the polyethylene film 2 vertically penetrate through the top of the shell 1.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a nano pectin coating solution is stored in a coating solution tank 11, the coating solution tank 11 is located in the casing 1 and below the coating roller 7, the coating roller 7 is used for coating the nano pectin coating solution on the surface of the polyethylene film 2, and the bottom of the coating roller 7 penetrates through the top of the coating solution tank 11 and is located in the nano pectin coating solution. The wet wiping mechanism 8 comprises a water absorbing sponge 81, a sleeve 82, a water absorbing rope 83 and a water tank 84, wherein the water absorbing sponge 81 is used for wiping impurities on the bottom surface of the polyethylene film 2, and a water filling port 85 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 84. The sleeve 82 is sleeved on the water absorption rope 83, the lower end of the sleeve is fixed on the water tank 84, the upper end of the sleeve is fixed with the water absorption sponge 81, and the water absorption sponge 81 is in contact with the bottom surface of the polyethylene film 2. The upper end of the water absorbing rope 83 is connected with the water absorbing sponge 81, and the lower end thereof passes through the sleeve 82 and extends into the water tank 84. The dry wiping mechanism 9 comprises a dry sponge 91, a connecting rod 92, a spring 93 and a connecting block 94, wherein the dry sponge 91 is used for wiping water stains remained on the surface of the polyethylene film 2 in the wiping process of the water absorption sponge 81. The connecting block 94 is fixed outside the coating liquid tank 11, the upper end of the connecting block 94 is connected with the dry sponge 91, and the lower end of the connecting block 94 is rotatably connected with the connecting block 94. The spring 93 is located above the connecting block 94, and one end of the spring is fixed to the connecting rod 92, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the outer side of the liquid applying tank 11. The drying roller 10 is in contact with the other side of the surface coating side of the polyethylene film 2, namely the drying roller 10 is in contact with the top surface of the polyethylene film 2. The drying roller 10 is used for drying the nano pectin masking liquid to form a nano pectin coating on the surface of the polyethylene film 2. Preferably, a cavity is formed in the drying roller 10, and the heating wire 12 is installed in the cavity.
In the above technical scheme, in the coating process of the polyethylene film 2, the polyethylene film 2 has strong adsorbability, and the coating workshop usually has much dust, so the surface of the polyethylene film 2 is easy to be stained with dust, and the dust can not only prevent the polyethylene film 2 from fully contacting with the nano pectin masking liquid, but also can make the surface of the polyethylene film 2 rough and uneven, thereby affecting the coating effect of the polyethylene film 2. The invention is provided with a wet wiping mechanism 8 and a dry wiping mechanism 9, before coating, the polyethylene film 2 is wet wiped by a water-absorbing sponge 81 to remove dust on the surface, then the polyethylene film is dry wiped by a dry sponge 91 to remove water stain left by the wet wiping and dust which is not wiped off, then the polyethylene film is coated by a coating roller 7, after the coating roller 7 is coated, a drying roller 10 can roll and dry the other surface of the coating surface of the polyethylene film 2, so that the nano pectin coating liquid can be rapidly cured to form a nano pectin coating, and a coating for corrosion prevention and bacteria resistance is formed on the inner surface of the polyethylene film 2.
Example 2: the difference between the special preservative film containing the nano pectin coating and the preparation method of the special preservative film containing the nano pectin coating and the embodiment 1 is that the special preservative film containing the dragon fruits comprises a polyethylene film and the nano pectin coating coated on the surface of the polyethylene film, and the coating weight of the nano pectin coating is 1g/m2The nano pectin coating is only coated on the inner side of the polyethylene film, so that the nano pectin coating can be in contact with the dragon fruit.
Preferably, the nano pectin coating is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight:
1g of pectin; 0.5g of dehydroacetate intercalation hydrotalcite powder; 40g of distilled water; and 30g of glycerol.
The preparation method of the nano pectin coating comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation of pectin
S11, taking fresh pitaya, washing with deionized water, removing pulp, putting peel into water at 60 ℃ for soaking for 1h, taking out, draining water, and drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight through an oven;
s12, cutting the dried peel into particles of 3-5mm, and then grinding to obtain peel powder;
s13, adding a composite phosphate solution with the mass concentration of 30% into the peel powder prepared in the step S12 until the peel powder is completely immersed, standing for breaking the wall for 18 hours, moving into a water bath, and preserving the heat for 30min at 80 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
s14, adding 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into the mixed solution to adjust the pH value to 3-4, preheating for 20min at 92 ℃, performing microwave extraction for 12min by a microwave extractor, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution;
s15, adding immobilized pectin esterase into the extracting solution, preferably, the mass of the immobilized pectin esterase is 4% of that of the extracting solution, sealing, placing into a constant temperature box, performing enzymolysis at 40 ℃ for 1 day, taking out, and performing suction filtration to obtain an enzymolysis solution;
s16, adding an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 90% into the enzymatic hydrolysate, then moving the enzymatic hydrolysate into an ice bath kettle, carrying out ice bath at 5 ℃, stirring the mixture for 5min by using a glass rod in the ice bath process, then standing the mixture for 20min, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain a pectin precipitate;
and S17, putting the pectin precipitate into a constant-temperature drying oven, and drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the pectin.
S2 preparation of nano pectin coating, same as example 1.
The preparation method of the preservative film containing the nano pectin coating special for the dragon fruits is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3: the difference between the special preservative film containing the nano pectin coating and the preparation method of the special preservative film containing the nano pectin coating and the embodiment 1 is that the special preservative film containing the dragon fruits comprises a polyethylene film and the nano pectin coating coated on the surface of the polyethylene film, and the coating weight of the nano pectin coating is 7g/m2The nano pectin coating is only coated on the inner side of the polyethylene film, so that the nano pectin coating can be in contact with the dragon fruit.
Preferably, the nano pectin coating is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight:
3g of pectin; 1g of dehydroacetate intercalation hydrotalcite powder; 60g of distilled water; 50g of glycerol.
The preparation method of the nano pectin coating comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation of pectin
S11, taking fresh pitaya, washing with deionized water, removing pulp, putting peel into 70 ℃ water for soaking for 1h, taking out, draining water, and drying at 70 ℃ through an oven to constant weight;
s12, cutting the dried peel into particles of 3-5mm, and then grinding to obtain peel powder;
s13, adding a compound phosphate solution with the mass concentration of 30% into the peel powder prepared in the step S12 until the peel powder is completely immersed, standing for breaking the wall for 24 hours, transferring into a water bath kettle, and preserving the heat for 45min at 90 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
s14, adding 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into the mixed solution to adjust the pH to 3-4, preheating for 25min at 100 ℃, performing microwave extraction for 15min by a microwave extractor, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution;
s15, adding immobilized pectin esterase into the extracting solution, preferably, the mass of the immobilized pectin esterase is 4% of that of the extracting solution, sealing and placing the extracting solution into a constant temperature box, performing enzymolysis for 1 day at 45 ℃, taking out and performing suction filtration to obtain an enzymolysis solution;
s16, adding an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 90% into the enzymatic hydrolysate, then moving the enzymatic hydrolysate into an ice bath kettle, carrying out ice bath at 6 ℃, stirring the mixture for 10min by using a glass rod in the ice bath process, then standing the mixture for 30min, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain a pectin precipitate;
and S17, putting the pectin precipitate into a constant-temperature drying oven, and drying at 70 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the pectin.
S2 preparation of nano pectin coating, same as example 1.
The preparation method of the preservative film containing the nano pectin coating special for the dragon fruits is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art, and such improvements and modifications should also be construed as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preservative film containing a nano pectin coating special for pitaya is characterized in that: comprises a polyethylene film (2) and a nano pectin coating coated on the polyethylene film (2), wherein the coating weight of the nano pectin coating is 1-7g/m2。
2. The preservative film containing the nano pectin coating layer special for the dragon fruits as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the nano pectin coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1-3 parts of pectin; 0.5-1 part of dehydroacetate intercalation hydrotalcite powder; 40-60 parts of distilled water; 30-50 parts of glycerol.
3. The preservative film containing the nano pectin coating layer special for the dragon fruits as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the preparation method of the nano pectin coating comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing pectin;
s2, preparing a nano pectin coating.
4. The preservative film containing the nano pectin coating layer special for pitaya according to claim 3, characterized in that: the preparation method of pectin comprises the following steps:
s11, taking fresh pitaya, washing with deionized water, removing pulp, putting peel into water at 60-70 ℃ for soaking for 1-2h, taking out, draining water, and drying at 60-70 ℃ to constant weight through an oven;
s12, cutting the dried peel into particles of 3-5mm, and then grinding to obtain peel powder;
s13, adding a compound phosphate solution with the mass concentration of 30% into the peel powder prepared in the step S12 until the peel powder is completely immersed, standing and breaking the wall for 18-24 hours, moving the peel powder into a water bath kettle, and preserving the heat for 30-45min at 80-90 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution;
s14, adding 0.2mol/L hydrochloric acid solution into the mixed solution to adjust the pH to 3-4, preheating for 20-25min at 90-100 ℃, performing microwave extraction for 12-15min by a microwave extractor, and filtering to obtain an extracting solution;
s15, adding immobilized pectin esterase into the extracting solution, sealing, placing into a constant temperature box, performing enzymolysis at 40-45 ℃ for 1-2 days, taking out, and performing suction filtration to obtain an enzymolysis solution;
s16, adding an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 90% into the enzymatic hydrolysate, then moving the enzymatic hydrolysate into an ice bath kettle, carrying out ice bath at 4-6 ℃, stirring the mixture for 5-10min by using a glass rod in the ice bath process, then standing the mixture for 20-30min, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain a pectin precipitate;
s17, putting the pectin precipitate into a constant-temperature drying oven, and drying at 60-70 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the pectin.
5. The preservative film containing the nano pectin coating layer special for pitaya according to claim 4, characterized in that: the mass of the immobilized pectin esterase is 3-5% of the mass of the extracting solution.
6. The preservative film containing the nano pectin coating layer special for pitaya according to claim 3, characterized in that: the preparation method of the nano pectin coating comprises the following steps:
s21 preparation of dehydroacetate intercalated hydrotalcite nano material
Weighing Mg (NO) with a molar ratio of 2:13)2·6H2O and Al (NO)3)3·9H2Preparing a salt solution from O in 100mL of deionized water; 9.6g NaOH and 10.6g anhydrous Na were weighed2CO3Make up a solution in 100mL of water. Mixing the two solutions, stirring for 3-6min, pouring into a three-neck flask, refluxing at 100 deg.C for 6h, vacuum filtering, washing with water until pH is less than 8, oven drying the filter cake at 80 deg.C, grinding, and sieving to obtain magnesium-aluminum water talcum powder;
weighing 10.0g of magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite powder, dissolving the magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite powder in ethylene glycol, weighing 4.0g of sodium dehydroacetate, dissolving the magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite powder and the sodium dehydroacetate in water, mixing and stirring the magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite powder and the water, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 4.5 by using dilute nitric acid, refluxing and stirring the solution for 3 hours at 150 ℃, filtering and washing the solution, drying the solution for 12 hours at 80 ℃, grinding and sieving the dried solution to obtain dehydroacetic acid layer hydrotalcite powder;
s22 preparation of nano pectin coating
Weighing the raw material components according to the parts by weight in the raw material components of the nano pectin coating, then adding distilled water into pectin until the pectin is dissolved in the distilled water, then adding dehydroacetic acid layer hydrotalcite powder and glycerol, and mixing to obtain the nano pectin coating liquid.
7. A preparation method of a preservative film containing a nano pectin coating special for pitaya is characterized by comprising the following steps: the nano pectin coating in the pitaya special preservative film containing the nano pectin coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is coated on the surface of the polyethylene film (2) through a coating machine.
8. The preparation method of the preservative film containing the nano pectin coating layer special for the dragon fruits, according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the coating machine comprises a shell (1), wherein a first driving roller (5), a second driving roller (6), a coating roller (7), a wet wiping mechanism (8), a dry wiping mechanism (9), a drying roller (10) and a liquid coating box (11) are arranged in the shell (1);
the polyethylene film (2) sequentially passes through a first transmission roller (5), a wet wiping mechanism (8), a dry wiping mechanism (9), a coating roller (7), a drying roller (10) and a second transmission roller (6) along the advancing direction, nano pectin coating liquid is stored in a coating liquid box (11), the coating liquid box (11) is located below the coating roller (7), and the bottom of the coating roller (7) is located in the nano pectin coating liquid;
the wet wiping mechanism (8) comprises a water absorbing sponge (81), and the water absorbing sponge (81) is used for wiping impurities on the surface of the polyethylene film (2); the dry wiping mechanism (9) comprises a dry sponge (91), and the dry sponge (91) is used for wiping water stains remained on the surface of the polyethylene film (2) in the wiping process of the water absorption sponge (81); the coating roller (7) is used for coating the nano pectin masking liquid on the surface of the polyethylene film (2); the drying roller (10) is in contact with the other side of the coating surface of the polyethylene film (2), and the drying roller (10) is used for drying the nano pectin coating liquid so as to form a nano pectin coating on the surface of the polyethylene film (2).
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Application publication date: 20210914 |