CN113386399B - Fiber reinforced composite material with surface self-repairing function - Google Patents
Fiber reinforced composite material with surface self-repairing function Download PDFInfo
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- CN113386399B CN113386399B CN202110578435.4A CN202110578435A CN113386399B CN 113386399 B CN113386399 B CN 113386399B CN 202110578435 A CN202110578435 A CN 202110578435A CN 113386399 B CN113386399 B CN 113386399B
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- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008263 repair mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
- B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/002—Priming paints
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fiber reinforced composite material with a surface self-repairing function, which comprises a fiber woven substrate, wherein a plurality of primary pipelines are pre-embedded in the preparation process of the fiber woven substrate, after the preparation of the fiber woven substrate is finished, holes are drilled from the surface layer of the fiber woven substrate according to the positions of the primary pipelines until the fiber woven substrate is communicated with the primary pipelines, and the obtained channels are secondary pipelines; the method comprises the steps of firstly coating a layer of primer on the surface layer of a fiber woven substrate, then laying a micro-nano structure film at the position of a secondary pipeline pipe orifice, laying a layer of plastic protection film on the micro-nano structure film, enabling the micro-nano structure film and the plastic film to jointly form a flow guide layer, then preparing a layer of finish on the fiber woven substrate, and enabling the primer and the finish to jointly form a coating. The composite material has three stages of repairing pipelines, namely a primary pipeline, a secondary pipeline and a micro-nano structure film, when the surface is damaged, external stimulation conditions are not needed, repairing of the damaged part can be realized by pumping in a repairing agent, and multiple times of repairing can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a fiber reinforced composite material with a surface self-repairing function.
Background
When the surface of the fiber reinforced composite material is damaged and destroyed by scratches, abrasion, cracks and the like, the fibers of the fiber reinforced composite material are exposed, and the exposed fibers are aged and broken under the influence of corrosion of sun and rain or other adverse factors, so that the composite material member fails and accidents occur. Currently, the main fiber-reinforced repair is to manually detect surface damage and repair, and some leading researches on self-repair are also available. The self-repairing comprises intrinsic self-repairing and external self-repairing, wherein the intrinsic self-repairing comprises the following components in percentage by weight: self-repairing coating is adopted to stimulate repairing behavior under certain conditions; external aid type self-repairing: surface damage triggers the delivery and repair of the repair agent. However, in the existing advanced research, the intrinsic self-repairing coating needs certain external stimulation conditions such as light, heat, magnetism and the like, the conditions are complex, and existing external self-repairing schemes such as capsule self-repairing and preset vessel self-repairing cannot realize multiple self-repairing due to the limitation of the capacity of a repairing agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fiber reinforced composite material which can realize self-repair when the surface is damaged without external stimulation and can be repaired for multiple times and has a surface self-repairing function.
The invention relates to a fiber reinforced composite material with a surface self-repairing function, which comprises a fiber woven matrix,
pre-burying a plurality of primary pipelines in the preparation process of the fiber woven matrix, after the fiber woven matrix is prepared, drilling holes from the surface layer of the fiber woven matrix according to the positions of the primary pipelines until the holes are communicated with the primary pipelines, and obtaining channels which are secondary pipelines; coating a layer of primer on the surface layer of the fiber woven substrate, then laying a micro-nano structure film at the position of a secondary pipeline pipe orifice, laying a layer of plastic protection film on the micro-nano structure film, wherein the micro-nano structure film and the plastic film jointly form a flow guide layer, then preparing a layer of finish on the fiber woven substrate, and the primer and the finish jointly form a coating; and obtaining the fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function.
The plurality of main-stage pipelines are parallel to each other; the secondary pipeline is vertical to the surface layers of the main pipeline and the fiber woven matrix; a plurality of secondary pipelines are arranged on one primary pipeline; preferably, the secondary conduits are arranged in a matrix over the surface of the fiber-woven matrix.
The fiber woven substrate is a glass fiber woven substrate; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a matrix sample by a vacuum-assisted resin transfer method, specifically: laying a plurality of layers of reinforced fibers on a bottom plate of the mould according to a certain fiber direction, horizontally placing a main-stage pipeline with one sealed end on the fibers of the middle layer, sealing the main-stage pipeline by using a vacuum film, reserving a resin inlet and a resin outlet, sucking the resin into the mould by using a vacuum pump, and obtaining the fiber reinforced matrix containing the main-stage pipeline after the reinforced fibers are completely soaked and cured.
The main-stage pipeline is a borosilicate glass pipe or a copper pipe.
The micro-nano structure film is foamed nickel or a flow guide net; the position of the membrane is related to that of the secondary pipeline, the membranes are arranged in a matrix form, and adjacent membranes are not in contact with each other; the plastic protective film is one of PE, PET, PA, PS and PP plastic films.
The coating consists of polyurethane resin finish paint and epoxy resin primer; the specific preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, using epoxy resin as a primer of a coating, firstly coating the epoxy resin on the surface layer of a fiber woven matrix, placing a micro-nano structure film on the primer after the primer is cured, covering the micro-nano structure film by using a plastic protective film, and then coating polyurethane finish.
The principle of the invention is as follows: when the coating on the surface layer of the composite material is damaged, a liquid repairing agent is pumped from the primary pipeline, the repairing agent reaches the micro-nano structure film through the secondary pipeline, the repairing agent is infiltrated and diffused to the damaged part through the micro-nano structure film, and a layer of protective film is formed on the damaged part, so that the fiber woven substrate is prevented from being exposed and damaged.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the composite material has three stages of repairing pipelines, namely a primary pipeline, a secondary pipeline and a micro-nano structure film, when the surface is damaged, external stimulation conditions are not needed, repairing of the damaged part can be realized by pumping in a repairing agent, and multiple times of repairing can be realized. 2) The composite material of the invention can be used to select different repairing agents according to the material of the coating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the composite structure;
FIG. 3 is a fiber woven matrix structure diagram with primary and secondary conduits;
FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a fiber woven matrix with a micro-nano structure film on the surface layer;
FIG. 5 structure diagram of fiber woven substrate with flow guide layer on surface layer
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the composite material as a whole;
FIG. 7 is a schematic self-healing diagram of a composite material.
Wherein: 1-a fiber woven matrix; 2-a primary pipeline; 3-a secondary conduit; 4-a flow guiding layer; 5-coating;
41-a micro-nano structure film; 42-plastic protective film; 51-primer; and (52) finishing paint.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and 2, a primary pipeline 2 is embedded in a fiber woven substrate 1, a secondary pipeline 3 is arranged on the fiber woven substrate 1 from the surface layer and communicated with the primary pipeline 2, and the secondary pipeline 3 is perpendicular to the primary pipeline 2; the surface layer of the fiber woven substrate 1 is coated with a layer of primer 51, a micro-nano structure film 41 is paved on the pipeline opening of the secondary pipeline 3, and a plastic protective film 42 is paved on the micro-nano structure film 41; the plastic protective film 42 is coated with a layer of top coat 52 on the primer 52; the micro-nano structure film 41 and the plastic protective film 42 jointly form a flow guide layer 4; the primer 51 and the topcoat 52 together constitute the coating 5.
The specific preparation method of the fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function in the embodiment comprises the following steps: preparing a matrix sample by a vacuum-assisted resin transfer method, specifically: laying four layers of orthogonally woven glass fibers on a glass mold bottom plate, horizontally placing a plurality of primary pipelines 2 (the primary pipelines are parallel to each other and are embedded at the same height, and the primary pipelines are borosilicate glass tubes) with one ends sealed on a second layer of glass fibers, bagging and sealing, reserving a resin inlet and a resin outlet, sucking resin into a grinding tool through a vacuum pump, and obtaining the glass fiber woven matrix containing the primary pipelines 2 after solidification. Then, according to the position of the primary pipe 2, a hole is drilled from the surface layer of the fiber woven matrix 1 to the primary pipe 2, the obtained channel is the secondary pipe 3, and the fiber woven matrix 1 with the primary pipe 2 and the secondary pipe 3 is obtained, and the structural schematic diagram of the fiber woven matrix is shown in fig. 3. Coating a layer of epoxy resin primer 51 on the surface layer of the fiber woven substrate 1, and after the primer 51 is cured, laying foam nickel (a micro-nano structure film 41) at the position of the pipe orifice of the secondary pipeline 3 to obtain a structure shown as 4; a layer of PE plastic film (plastic protection film 42) is laid on the foamed nickel, the structure is shown in figure 5, and the micro-nano structure film 41 and the plastic protection film 42 jointly form a diversion layer 4; finally, a layer of finish 52 (polyurethane resin) is coated on the surface layer obtained in fig. 5, and the epoxy resin coating and the polyurethane resin coating jointly form a coating 5, so that the fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function can be obtained, and the overall appearance structure of the fiber reinforced composite material is shown in fig. 6.
When the composite material coating 5 is damaged, the repair mechanism is shown in fig. 7, a liquid repair agent (epoxy resin and polyurethane resin) is pumped from the primary pipeline 2, the repair agent reaches the foamed nickel film layer through the secondary pipeline 2, the repair agent is infiltrated and diffused to the damaged part through the foamed nickel film layer, and a layer of protective film is formed at the damaged part, so that the fiber woven substrate is prevented from being exposed and damaged.
Claims (7)
1. A fiber reinforced composite material with a surface self-repairing function is characterized by comprising a fiber woven substrate, wherein a plurality of primary pipelines are pre-embedded in the preparation process of the fiber woven substrate, after the fiber woven substrate is prepared, holes are drilled from the surface layer of the fiber woven substrate according to the positions of the primary pipelines until the fiber woven substrate is communicated with the primary pipelines, and the obtained channels are secondary pipelines; coating a layer of primer on the surface layer of the fiber woven substrate, then laying a micro-nano structure film at the position of a secondary pipeline pipe orifice, laying a layer of plastic protection film on the micro-nano structure film, wherein the micro-nano structure film and the plastic film jointly form a flow guide layer, then preparing a layer of finish on the fiber woven substrate, and the primer and the finish jointly form a coating; obtaining the fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function;
the micro-nano structure film is foam nickel or a flow guide net.
2. The fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function of claim 1, wherein the primary pipes are parallel; the secondary pipeline is vertical to the surface layers of the main pipeline and the fiber woven matrix; a plurality of secondary pipelines are arranged on one primary pipeline.
3. The surface self-healing fiber reinforced composite of claim 1, wherein the secondary conduits are arranged in a matrix over the fiber woven matrix.
4. The fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function according to claim 1, wherein the fiber woven matrix is a glass fiber woven matrix; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a matrix sample by a vacuum-assisted resin transfer method, specifically: laying a plurality of layers of reinforced fibers on a bottom plate of the mould according to a certain fiber direction, horizontally placing a main-stage pipeline with one sealed end on the fibers of the middle layer, sealing the main-stage pipeline by using a vacuum film, reserving a resin inlet and a resin outlet, sucking the resin into the mould by using a vacuum pump, and obtaining the fiber reinforced matrix containing the main-stage pipeline after the reinforced fibers are completely soaked and cured.
5. The fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function of claim 4, wherein the primary pipe is a borosilicate glass pipe or a copper pipe.
6. The fiber reinforced composite material with surface self-repairing function of claim 1, wherein the position of the membrane is related to the position of the secondary pipeline, the membranes are arranged in a matrix form, and adjacent membranes are not in contact with each other; the plastic protective film is one of PE, PET, PA, PS and PP plastic films.
7. The fiber reinforced composite material with the surface self-repairing function of claim 1, wherein the coating layer is composed of a polyurethane resin finish and an epoxy resin primer; the specific preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, using epoxy resin as a primer of a coating, firstly coating the epoxy resin on the surface layer of a fiber woven matrix, placing a micro-nano structure film on the primer after the primer is cured, covering the micro-nano structure film by using a plastic protective film, and then coating polyurethane finish.
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Citations (7)
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US20010050032A1 (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 2001-12-13 | Dry Carolyn M. | Self-repairing, reinforced matrix materials |
CN103113717A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-05-22 | 华东交通大学 | Preparation method of ceramic pipe network carrier in damage self-restoration of resin-base composite material |
CN106626454A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-10 | 中国航空工业集团公司基础技术研究院 | Self-induction repairing resin matrix composite structure and preparing repairing method |
CN109467720A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-15 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of composite material and its damage self-repairing method based on dual cure renovation agent |
CN109676975A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-26 | 中国航空工业集团公司基础技术研究院 | The spatial distribution method of self-repair resin based composites based on vascular |
CN110628178A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-12-31 | 上海卫星装备研究所 | Self-repairing fiber reinforced composite material and preparation method thereof |
US10946594B1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2021-03-16 | Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. | Reinforced polymer-infused fiber composite repair system and methods for repairing composite materials |
-
2021
- 2021-05-26 CN CN202110578435.4A patent/CN113386399B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20010050032A1 (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 2001-12-13 | Dry Carolyn M. | Self-repairing, reinforced matrix materials |
CN103113717A (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2013-05-22 | 华东交通大学 | Preparation method of ceramic pipe network carrier in damage self-restoration of resin-base composite material |
CN106626454A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-10 | 中国航空工业集团公司基础技术研究院 | Self-induction repairing resin matrix composite structure and preparing repairing method |
US10946594B1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2021-03-16 | Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. | Reinforced polymer-infused fiber composite repair system and methods for repairing composite materials |
CN109467720A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-15 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of composite material and its damage self-repairing method based on dual cure renovation agent |
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