CN113382461A - Wireless passive sensor and wireless communication parameter test method thereof - Google Patents
Wireless passive sensor and wireless communication parameter test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113382461A CN113382461A CN202110503367.5A CN202110503367A CN113382461A CN 113382461 A CN113382461 A CN 113382461A CN 202110503367 A CN202110503367 A CN 202110503367A CN 113382461 A CN113382461 A CN 113382461A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
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- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless passive sensor and a wireless communication parameter test method thereof, comprising a sensing end, a wireless passive controller and a human-computer interaction end, wherein the sensing end is connected with the wireless passive controller through a signal measurement and control interface, the wireless passive controller is connected with the human-computer interaction end through a wireless module, and the specific implementation steps are as follows: building wireless communication connection of a wireless passive sensor, and making wireless passive transmission control into information interaction between a transparent transponder test sensing end and a human-computer interaction end; determining multidimensional parameters for controlling the air speed in a wireless passive transmission controller, and establishing a calculation model of the wireless communication distance and the wireless communication transmission time of a first wireless communication module; debugging a parameter set of multidimensional parameters, and selecting a parameter combination with large transmission distance and low power consumption in the parameter set; the invention adopts the most reasonable wireless parameter setting, improves the communication distance and ensures the minimum electric energy consumption during data transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless passive sensors, in particular to a wireless passive sensor and a wireless communication parameter test method thereof.
Background
Currently, the output signals of most sensors are current, voltage, frequency, pulse and digital interfaces, and the use methods of these types of sensors are as follows: the sensor is arranged at a position to be measured, and power supply and signal output are led out to an acquisition instrument (a full-automatic acquisition instrument, a wireless acquisition and transmission instrument, a handheld reading device and the like) by using a measurement cable.
Compared with the traditional sensor, the wireless passive sensor can save a large amount of cable materials, save labor cost for cable construction, improve installation efficiency, reduce labor intensity and save electric quantity consumption, but most of the wireless passive sensor mostly uses a disposable non-rechargeable battery to provide power for the sensor, such as a lithium secondary battery, but the battery supplies power for both a wireless passive controller and a sensing end, provides all power needed by realizing a wireless communication function and a data acquisition function, and therefore the wireless passive controller can guarantee the lasting power supply of the battery only by realizing low power consumption.
As is known, the higher the wireless communication rate of a wireless module (e.g., a bluetooth communication module), the lower the consumed power is, but the shorter the transmission distance is, whereas the lower the wireless communication rate is, the higher the consumed power is, but the longer the transmission distance is, so that the current wireless module cannot satisfy the two-way requirements of power consumption and transmission distance, the short transmission distance cannot satisfy the long-distance monitoring, and the higher the consumed power is, the higher the power cannot ensure the lasting power supply of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wireless passive sensor and a wireless communication parameter test method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a wireless module cannot meet the two-way requirements of power consumption and transmission distance, the transmission distance is short, long-distance monitoring cannot be met, and the higher the power consumption is, the longer the power supply of a battery cannot be ensured.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
a wireless passive sensor comprises a sensing end, a wireless passive controller and a human-computer interaction end;
the sensing end consists of a plurality of sensors outputting signals of different types, and the sensors of the sensing end acquire a power supply from the wireless passive controller and output sensing signals to the wireless passive controller;
the wireless passive controller comprises a first micro control unit, a first battery pack and a first wireless communication module, wherein the first battery pack and the first wireless communication module are connected with different pins of the first micro control unit;
the man-machine interaction end comprises a second micro control unit, a key selector and a second wireless communication module, wherein the key selector and the second wireless communication module are connected with different pins of the second micro control unit, and the man-machine interaction end receives the sensing signal output by the sensing end through data interaction of the second wireless communication module and the first wireless communication module.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the first battery pack is configured to supply power to the wireless passive controller and the sensing terminal;
the first micro control unit adopts an STC8A8K processing chip and is used for finishing the whole work logic regulation of the wireless passive controller and controlling the information interaction between the wireless passive controller and the sensing end as well as the human-computer interaction end;
the first wireless communication module adopts an SX1278 wireless module or a Bluetooth communication module and is used for realizing wireless data receiving and transmitting under the control of the first micro control unit;
the second micro control unit is used for regulating and controlling the human-computer interaction end to finish data interaction and data reading operation;
the second wireless communication module adopts an SX1278 communication module or a Bluetooth communication module and is used for finishing information interaction with the first wireless communication module under the control of the second micro-control unit.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides the following technical solutions, a wireless communication parameter testing method for a wireless passive sensor, comprising the following steps:
step 100, building wireless communication connection of a wireless passive sensor, and making wireless passive transmission control into information interaction between a transparent transponder test sensing end and a human-computer interaction end;
step 200, determining multidimensional parameters for controlling the air speed in the wireless passive transmission controller, and creating a calculation model of the wireless communication distance and the wireless communication transmission time of the first wireless communication module;
step 300, debugging the parameter set of the multidimensional parameters, and selecting a parameter combination with a large transmission distance and low power consumption in the parameter set.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, in step 100, the sensing terminal is in bidirectional communication connection with the wireless passive sensor through a signal measurement and control interface, and the wireless passive controller is in communication connection with the human-computer interaction terminal through a wireless module port;
the wireless passive controller forwards the data acquired by the signal measurement and control interface to the man-machine interaction terminal through a wireless module port;
and the wireless passive controller converts the data received by the wireless module port and then regulates and controls the sensing end through the signal measurement and control interface.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, when the wireless passive controller transmits the sensing data, the sensing data is distinguished by automatically adding a preset prefix character string in front of the sensing data.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, in step 200, the air rate of the wireless module is controlled by three parameters, which are a spreading factor, a coding rate and a channel bandwidth, and the calculation formula of the air rate specifically is:
wherein, SF is a spreading factor, BW is a channel bandwidth, and CR is a coding rate.
The wireless communication transmission time is related to the air rate, and the calculation formula of the wireless communication transmission time is specifically as follows:
wherein n is the packet size sent by the wireless passive controller, RATERFIs the air rate of the radio.
As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the wireless communication distance calculation formula specifically includes:
10 ═ wireless transmit power-receive sensitivity-dielectric loss-32.44-20 × log10(radio module center frequency));
the wireless transmitting power and the wireless module center frequency are adjusted through gears, the range corresponding to all gears of the wireless transmitting power is 5-20 dBm, and the range corresponding to all gears of the wireless module center frequency is 420-450 MHz;
the dielectric loss is constant;
the calculation formula of the receiving sensitivity is as follows:
wherein A and B are constants, and the unit of A is kHZ, and the unit of B is dBm; the receive sensitivity is proportional to the spreading factor and inversely proportional to the channel bandwidth.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the wireless transmission power of the wireless passive controller is in a direct proportional relationship with current consumption, the current consumption increases in the same direction as the wireless transmission power increases, and the current consumption decreases in the same direction as the wireless transmission power decreases;
the wireless passive controller sends the acquired sensing data to a wireless passive controller, wherein the energy consumption calculation formula in the process of sending the acquired sensing data is as follows:
W＝I*t；
wherein I is current consumption, and the current consumption is determined according to the selected value of the wireless transmission power.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step 300, a parameter set of the multidimensional parameters is debugged, and a parameter set with a long wireless communication distance is selected from the parameter set, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
building a wireless passive controller and a human-computer interaction end, actually measuring the distance D between the wireless passive controller and the human-computer interaction end, and setting a wireless communication distance to be at least 2D to ensure the redundant condition of data receiving and transmitting;
selecting a plurality of groups of spreading factors and channel bandwidths to be combined randomly and substituting into the calculation formula of the receiving sensitivity, and forming all the calculated receiving sensitivities into a sensitivity parameter group;
and randomly combining each group of data of the sensitivity parameter group with multiple groups of wireless transmitting power, substituting the data into a calculation formula of the wireless communication distance, screening out combinations with the wireless communication distance being more than or equal to 2D, and defining the spread spectrum factor and the channel bandwidth corresponding to the sensitivity parameter group and the wireless transmitting power as distance coincidence parameter groups.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, multiple parameters with low electric quantity consumption are screened out from the distance coincidence parameter group, and the specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
randomly combining each group of distance conformity parameter sets with parameter alternative values of a plurality of groups of encoding rates respectively, substituting the parameter conformity parameter sets into a calculation formula of the aerial rate, calculating all the aerial rates and defining the aerial rates as aerial rate parameter sets;
substituting each air rate into a calculation formula of wireless communication transmission time to calculate transmission time values under different air rates;
substituting the transmission time value and the current consumption corresponding to the wireless transmitting power into an energy consumption calculation formula to obtain energy consumption values of all data transmission;
and sequencing the energy consumption values, and taking out a minimum group, wherein all the calculation parameters used by the group, such as the spreading factor, the channel bandwidth, the coding rate and the wireless transmission power value, are optimal parameter values.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adjusts the data combination among multiple parameters influencing the wireless communication speed in the wireless passive controller, adopts the most reasonable wireless parameter setting, improves the communication distance and ensures that the electric energy consumed during data transmission is minimum.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a wireless communication parameter testing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:
1-a sensing end; 2-a wireless passive controller; 3, a human-computer interaction end;
21-a first micro control unit; 22-a first battery pack; 23-a first wireless communication module; 24-a signal measurement and control interface; 25-a programmable power pack; 26-a timer; 27-a timing clock;
31-a second micro control unit; 32-key selector; 33-a second wireless communication module; 34-a display unit; 35-a second battery pack.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a wireless passive sensor, which includes a sensing terminal 1, a wireless passive controller 2 and a human-computer interaction terminal 3, where the sensing terminal 1 is composed of a plurality of sensors with different types of output signals, such as a vibrating wire sensor, a pulse sensor and a digital sensor, the sensing terminal 1 is generally connected to an integrated port of the wireless passive controller 2 through a short cable, and the sensor of the sensing terminal 1 obtains power from the wireless passive controller 2 and outputs a sensing signal to the wireless passive controller 2.
The wireless passive controller 2 includes a first micro control unit 21, a first battery pack 22 and a first wireless communication module 23 connected to different pins of the first micro control unit 21, and further includes a signal measurement and control interface 24 controlled by the first micro control unit 21, a programmable power supply pack 25, a timer 26 and a timing clock 27.
The wireless passive controller 2 sends the sensing signal of the sensing terminal 1 to the man-machine interaction terminal 3 through the first wireless communication module 23 for wireless interaction, and the first battery pack 22 provides power for the electronic device of the wireless passive controller 2 and the plurality of sensors of the sensing terminal 1 respectively.
The first battery pack 22 is used for supplying power to the wireless passive controller 2 and the sensing terminal 1.
In particular, in order to avoid self-consumption of the electric quantity caused by self-discharge of the battery, the battery type is a disposable non-rechargeable battery with a low self-discharge rate, such as: the first micro control unit 21 can measure the battery power of the lithium sub-battery and send out prompt information when the battery power is low.
The first micro control unit 21 adopts an STC8A8K processing chip, which is a programmable device, and is used for completing the overall work logic regulation of the wireless passive controller 2 and controlling the information interaction between the wireless passive controller 2 and the sensing terminal 1 and the human-computer interaction terminal 3, that is, all the work logic, current control and information interaction of the wireless passive controller 2 are completed by the first micro control unit 21, and the control and sampling of the programmable power supply set, the timer, the wireless module and the signal measurement and control module can be completed.
The signal measurement and control interface 24 is used for providing a plurality of data transmission interfaces matched with sensors of different types of output signals, and completing a functional circuit set for controlling and measuring voltage, current, vibrating wire and digital sensors.
For example, the signal measurement and control interface 24 of the present embodiment may identify vibrating wire sensors of models of VM501, VM604, VM708, etc., the ADC chip ADS8320, etc. may be used for voltage measurement, the precise sampling resistor may be used for current measurement, the precise sampling resistor may be amplified and converted into a voltage signal by an operational amplifier, the ADC chip is used for collecting voltage, the UART interface of the MCU may be used for digital sensing measurement, the UART interface of the MCU may be converted into RS485 by MAX3485 or into RS232 by MAX3232, and sensing data acquisition may be completed according to a connected digital sensor communication protocol.
The programmable power supply pack 25 obtains power from the first battery pack 22 and provides different power supplies for the signal measurement and control interface 24, the timer 26 and the first wireless communication module 23.
Further, the sensors may be an active type and a passive type, and most of voltage, current and digital output type sensors all need to be powered and then can normally work to output sensing signals or data, while the vibrating string type and pulse type sensors are passive type sensors and need to send specific excitation signals to the sensors and then can output signals, so that the first micro-processing unit 21 of the embodiment controls the programmable power supply pack 25 to provide voltage or current driving sources specified by different sensors to the signal measurement and control interface 24 in the collection and control process.
The first wireless communication module 23 adopts an SX1278 wireless module or a bluetooth communication module, and is configured to implement operations such as wireless data transceiving, switching, and communication protocol analysis under the control of the first micro control unit 21.
The timer 26 is of an SD3078 type, and outputs an interrupt signal to the first micro control unit 21 when the timing time is completed, so as to intermittently acquire data of the sensing terminal 1.
The timing clock 27 comprises a real-time clock chip and a button battery, is used for providing real-time date and time, and packages and stores the sensing signals received each time and the date and time in a Flash memory or sends the sensing signals and the date and time to the human-computer interaction terminal 3.
The Flash memory is responsible for locally storing sensor data in the wireless passive controller 2, the regularly acquired data is locally stored and then transmitted, if the transmission is successful, the record is marked as transmitted, if the transmission is unsuccessful, the record is marked as not transmitted, and the unsent data is tried to be retransmitted in the next acquisition and transmission process.
It should be noted that, the wireless passive controller 2 of the present embodiment further includes a parameter setting device, which is a hardware interface for quickly setting the main working parameters of the wireless passive controller, and the present embodiment selects three parameters, namely, a controller address, a wireless parameter channel, and a timer time, as the main working parameters of the controller, and correspondingly has 3 sets of parameter setting hardware interfaces. For example: the three parameters are set quickly by the user using 3 16-step rotary switches.
The man-machine interaction terminal 3 comprises a second micro control unit 31, a key selector 32 connected with different pins of the second micro control unit 31, a second wireless communication module 33, a display unit 34 and a second battery pack 35. The man-machine interaction terminal 3 receives the sensing signal output by the sensing terminal 1 through the data interaction between the second wireless communication module 33 and the first wireless communication module 23.
The key selector 32 is used to provide an operation port for data reading and data writing to a user.
The second micro control unit 31 is configured to regulate and control the human-computer interaction terminal 3 to complete data interaction and data reading operations, that is, to complete control operations of setting communication parameters of the second wireless communication module 33, searching the wireless passive controller 2, recognizing key operation, displaying a screen, and the like.
The second wireless communication module 33 adopts an SX1278 communication module or a bluetooth communication module, and is configured to complete information interaction with the first wireless communication module 23 under the control of the second micro control unit 31.
The display unit 34 is used for displaying the interaction information of the second wireless communication module 33 and providing a user interaction interface.
The second battery pack 35 is used for supplying electric energy to the electronic devices of the human-machine interaction terminal 3.
The embodiment realizes wireless acquisition of the output signal of the mainstream sensor, reduces the labor cost of cable construction, improves the installation efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, saves the power consumption, can realize real-time data transmission and can keep low power consumption.
Since the first battery pack 22 supplies power to the wireless passive controller and the programmable power supply pack, and provides all power needed for implementing the wireless communication function and the data acquisition function, the wireless passive controller must implement low power consumption to ensure the persistent power supply of the first battery pack 22, and as is well known, the higher the wireless communication rate of the first wireless communication module 23 is, the faster the transmission speed of the data packet is, the shorter the occupied time for transmitting data is, the lower the consumed power is, but the shorter the transmission distance is.
Therefore, in order to balance the relationship between the transmission distance and the power consumption, the present embodiment particularly provides a wireless communication parameter testing method for a wireless passive sensor, which adjusts the data combination among multiple parameters affecting the wireless communication rate in a wireless passive controller, and adopts the most reasonable wireless parameter setting to improve the communication distance and minimize the power consumption during transmission.
The method comprises the following steps:
and step 100, establishing wireless communication connection of the wireless passive sensor, and making wireless passive transmission control into information interaction between a transparent transponder test sensing end and a human-computer interaction end.
In step 100, a sensing end is in bidirectional communication connection with a wireless passive sensor through a signal measurement and control interface, and a wireless passive controller is in communication connection with a human-computer interaction end through a wireless module port;
the wireless passive controller transmits data acquired by the signal measurement and control interface to the human-computer interaction terminal through a wireless module port;
the wireless passive controller converts the data received by the wireless module port and then regulates and controls the sensing end through the signal measurement and control interface.
When the wireless passive controller sends the sensing data, the preset prefix character string is automatically added in front of the sensing data to distinguish the sensing data.
Step 200, determining multidimensional parameters for controlling the air speed in the wireless passive transmission controller, and creating a calculation model of the wireless communication distance and the data transmission energy consumption of the first wireless communication module.
The air rate is the wireless communication rate of the wireless passive controller, and the air rate can be controlled by three register values of the first micro control unit, which are respectively: the spread spectrum factor SX _ SF, the coding rate SX _ CR, and the channel bandwidth SX _ BW, where the three parameter values are different, all affect the wireless communication rate, and in general, the higher the communication rate is, the faster the transmission speed is, the shorter the data transmission time is, the lower the power consumption is, but the shorter the transmission distance is.
In step 200, the air rate of the wireless module is controlled by three parameters, which are spreading factor, coding rate and channel bandwidth, and the calculation formula of the air rate is specifically:
wherein, SF is a spreading factor, BW is a channel bandwidth, and CR is a coding rate.
The wireless communication transmission time is related to the air rate, and the calculation formula of the wireless communication transmission time is specifically as follows:
wherein n is the packet size sent by the wireless passive controller, RATERFIs the air rate of the radio.
As known from the prior art, the wireless communication distance calculation formula is specifically as follows:
10 ═ wireless transmit power-receive sensitivity-dielectric loss-32.44-20 × log10(radio module center frequency)).
The transmission distance is specifically affected by the wireless transmission power, the reception sensitivity, and the radio wave center frequency, and the higher the transmission power, the lower the reception sensitivity, and the lower the center frequency, the longer the wireless communication distance.
The wireless transmitting power and the wireless module center frequency of the wireless passive controller are adjusted through gears, the range of the wireless transmitting power corresponding to all the gears is 5-20 dBm, and the range of the wireless module center frequency corresponding to all the gears is 420-450 MHz.
The dielectric loss is constant, generally speaking, the dielectric loss of a wireless passive controller is fixed, and the calculation formula of the dielectric loss is as follows:
dielectric loss-transmit power-received signal strength; the specific implementation method comprises the following steps: the two wireless passive controllers are respectively arranged at a sending place and a receiving place, and wireless parameters are set to be the lowest receiving sensitivity and the highest transmitting power; one wireless passive controller sends an instruction, and the other wireless passive controller returns a signal intensity value when receiving data, so that the medium loss can be calculated.
The calculation formula of the receiving sensitivity is as follows:
wherein A and B are constants, and the unit of A is kHZ, and the unit of B is dBm; the receive sensitivity is proportional to the spreading factor and inversely proportional to the channel bandwidth, and if a lower sensitivity is to be obtained (the farther the communication distance is), the spreading factor SF should be increased or the channel bandwidth BW should be decreased.
It should be further noted that the wireless transmission power of the wireless passive controller is in a direct proportional relationship with the current consumption, the current consumption increases in the same direction as the wireless transmission power increases, and the current consumption decreases in the same direction as the wireless transmission power decreases.
The wireless passive controller has the following energy consumption calculation formula in the process of sending the acquired sensing data:
W＝I*t；
wherein I is current consumption, and the current consumption is determined according to the selected value of the wireless transmission power.
In this step, after a calculation model of the wireless communication distance and the data transmission energy consumption is created, the combined data of the wireless transmission power, the reception sensitivity and the radio wave center frequency, which affect the wireless communication distance, are filtered, and then the filtered combined data are substituted into an energy consumption calculation formula, and the combined data with the minimum energy consumption is selected as the optimal parameter combination.
Particularly, after the optimal parameter combination is selected, the second wireless communication module on the human-computer interaction end is set to be the same as the first wireless communication module in parameter.
Step 300, debugging a parameter set of the multidimensional parameters, and selecting a parameter combination with a large transmission distance and low power consumption in the parameter set.
In step 300, a parameter set of multidimensional parameters is debugged, and a parameter set with a long wireless communication distance is selected from the parameter set, which is specifically implemented as follows:
building a wireless passive controller and a human-computer interaction end, actually measuring the distance D between the wireless passive controller and the human-computer interaction end, and setting a wireless communication distance to be at least 2D to ensure the redundancy condition of data receiving and sending;
selecting a plurality of groups of spreading factors and channel bandwidths to be combined randomly and substituting into a calculation formula of the receiving sensitivity, and forming all the calculated receiving sensitivities into a sensitivity parameter group;
and randomly combining each group of data of the sensitivity parameter group and multiple groups of wireless transmitting power, substituting the data into a calculation formula of the wireless communication distance, screening out combinations with the wireless communication distance more than or equal to 2D, and defining the spread spectrum factor and the channel bandwidth corresponding to the sensitivity parameter group and the wireless transmitting power as distance coincidence parameter groups.
And screening out multiple parameters with low power consumption in the distance coincidence parameter group, wherein the specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
randomly combining each group of distance conforming parameter groups with parameter alternative values of a plurality of groups of encoding rates respectively, substituting the combined values into a calculation formula of the aerial rate, calculating all the aerial rates, and defining the aerial rates as aerial rate parameter groups;
substituting each air rate into a calculation formula of wireless communication transmission time to calculate transmission time values under different air rates;
substituting the transmission time value and the current consumption corresponding to the wireless transmitting power into an energy consumption calculation formula to obtain energy consumption values of all data transmission;
the energy consumption values are sorted, and a minimum group is taken out, and all the calculation parameters used by the group, such as the spreading factor, the channel bandwidth, the coding rate and the wireless transmission power value, are the optimal parameter values.
Therefore, the most reasonable wireless parameter value of the wireless module in the wireless passive control is obtained through a test mode, the wireless transmitting power and the receiving sensitivity are matched with the wireless communication distance, the wireless communication distance has certain redundancy, the electric quantity consumption during data transmission is the lowest, and the long-term work of the sensor under the condition without an external power supply is realized on the basis of the built-in battery and the ultra-low power consumption energy-saving limitation.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present application and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A wireless passive sensor, characterized by: the system comprises a sensing end (1), a wireless passive controller (2) and a human-computer interaction end (3);
the sensing end (1) is composed of a plurality of sensors with different types of output signals, and the sensors of the sensing end (1) acquire power from the wireless passive controller (2) and output sensing signals to the wireless passive controller (2);
the wireless passive controller (2) comprises a first micro control unit (21), a first battery pack (22) and a first wireless communication module (23), wherein the first battery pack (22) and the first wireless communication module (23) are connected with different pins of the first micro control unit (21), the wireless passive controller (2) sends a sensing signal of the sensing end (1) to the man-machine interaction end (3) through the first wireless communication module (23) for wireless interaction, and the first battery pack (22) respectively provides power for an electronic device of the wireless passive controller (2) and a plurality of sensors of the sensing end (1);
the man-machine interaction end (3) comprises a second micro control unit (31), a key selector (32) and a second wireless communication module (33), wherein the key selector and the second wireless communication module are connected with different pins of the second micro control unit (31), and the man-machine interaction end (3) receives the sensing signals output by the sensing end (1) through data interaction of the second wireless communication module (33) and the first wireless communication module (23).
2. A wireless passive sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the first battery pack (22) is used for supplying power to the wireless passive controller (2) and the sensing end (1);
the first micro control unit (21) adopts an STC8A8K processing chip and is used for completing the whole working logic regulation and control of the wireless passive controller (2) and controlling the information interaction between the wireless passive controller (2) and the sensing end (1) and the human-computer interaction end (3);
the first wireless communication module (23) adopts an SX1278 wireless module or a Bluetooth communication module and is used for realizing wireless data receiving and transmitting under the control of the first micro-control unit (21);
the second micro control unit (31) is used for regulating and controlling the human-computer interaction end (3) to finish data interaction and data reading operation;
the second wireless communication module (33) adopts an SX1278 communication module or a Bluetooth communication module and is used for finishing information interaction with the first wireless communication module (23) under the control of the second micro-control unit (31).
3. The method for testing the wireless communication parameters of the wireless passive sensor according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, building wireless communication connection of a wireless passive sensor, and making wireless passive transmission control into information interaction between a transparent transponder test sensing end and a human-computer interaction end;
step 200, determining multidimensional parameters for controlling the air speed in the wireless passive transmission controller, and creating a calculation model of the wireless communication distance and the wireless communication transmission time of the first wireless communication module;
step 300, debugging the parameter set of the multidimensional parameters, and selecting a parameter combination with a large transmission distance and low power consumption in the parameter set.
4. The method for testing the wireless communication parameters of the wireless passive sensor according to claim 3, wherein in step 100, the sensing terminal is in bidirectional communication connection with the wireless passive sensor through a signal measurement and control interface, and the wireless passive controller is in communication connection with the human-computer interaction terminal through a wireless module port;
the wireless passive controller forwards the data acquired by the signal measurement and control interface to the man-machine interaction terminal through a wireless module port;
and the wireless passive controller converts the data received by the wireless module port and then regulates and controls the sensing end through the signal measurement and control interface.
5. The method for testing the wireless communication parameters of the wireless passive sensor according to claim 4, wherein when the wireless passive controller sends the sensing data, a preset prefix character string is automatically added in front of the sensing data to distinguish the sensing data.
6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 200, the air rate of the wireless module is controlled by three parameters, which are spreading factor, coding rate and channel bandwidth, and the calculation formula of the air rate is specifically:
wherein, SF is a spreading factor, BW is a channel bandwidth, and CR is a coding rate.
The wireless communication transmission time is related to the air rate, and the calculation formula of the wireless communication transmission time is specifically as follows:
wherein n is the packet size sent by the wireless passive controller, RATERFIs the air rate of the radio.
7. The method for testing the wireless communication parameters of the wireless passive sensor according to claim 3, wherein the wireless communication distance calculation formula is specifically as follows:
10 ═ wireless transmit power-receive sensitivity-dielectric loss-32.44-20 × log10(radio module center frequency));
the wireless transmitting power and the wireless module center frequency are adjusted through gears, the range corresponding to all gears of the wireless transmitting power is 5-20 dBm, and the range corresponding to all gears of the wireless module center frequency is 420-450 MHz;
the dielectric loss is constant;
the calculation formula of the receiving sensitivity is as follows:
wherein A and B are constants, and the unit of A is kHZ, and the unit of B is dBm; the receive sensitivity is proportional to the spreading factor and inversely proportional to the channel bandwidth.
8. The method for testing the wireless communication parameters of the wireless passive sensor according to claim 7, wherein the wireless transmission power of the wireless passive controller is in a direct proportional relationship with current consumption, the current consumption increases in the same direction as the wireless transmission power increases, and the current consumption decreases in the same direction as the wireless transmission power decreases;
the wireless passive controller sends the acquired sensing data to a wireless passive controller, wherein the energy consumption calculation formula in the process of sending the acquired sensing data is as follows:
W＝I*t；
wherein I is current consumption, and the current consumption is determined according to the selected value of the wireless transmission power.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein in step 300, a parameter set of the multidimensional parameters is debugged, and a parameter set with a long wireless communication distance is selected from the parameter set, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
building a wireless passive controller and a human-computer interaction end, actually measuring the distance D between the wireless passive controller and the human-computer interaction end, and setting a wireless communication distance to be at least 2D to ensure the redundant condition of data receiving and transmitting;
selecting a plurality of groups of spreading factors and channel bandwidths to be combined randomly and substituting into the calculation formula of the receiving sensitivity, and forming all the calculated receiving sensitivities into a sensitivity parameter group;
and randomly combining each group of data of the sensitivity parameter group with multiple groups of wireless transmitting power, substituting the data into a calculation formula of the wireless communication distance, screening out combinations with the wireless communication distance being more than or equal to 2D, and defining the spread spectrum factor and the channel bandwidth corresponding to the sensitivity parameter group and the wireless transmitting power as distance coincidence parameter groups.
10. The wireless communication parameter testing method of the wireless passive sensor according to claim 9, wherein multiple parameters with low power consumption are screened from the distance coincidence parameter group, and the specific implementation method is as follows:
randomly combining each group of distance conformity parameter sets with parameter alternative values of a plurality of groups of encoding rates respectively, substituting the parameter conformity parameter sets into a calculation formula of the aerial rate, calculating all the aerial rates and defining the aerial rates as aerial rate parameter sets;
substituting each air rate into a calculation formula of wireless communication transmission time to calculate transmission time values under different air rates;
substituting the transmission time value and the current consumption corresponding to the wireless transmitting power into an energy consumption calculation formula to obtain energy consumption values of all data transmission;
and sequencing the energy consumption values, and taking out a minimum group, wherein all the calculation parameters used by the group, such as the spreading factor, the channel bandwidth, the coding rate and the wireless transmission power value, are optimal parameter values.
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