CN113376461A - Online detection device and method for faults in transformer shell - Google Patents
Online detection device and method for faults in transformer shell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113376461A CN113376461A CN202110631824.9A CN202110631824A CN113376461A CN 113376461 A CN113376461 A CN 113376461A CN 202110631824 A CN202110631824 A CN 202110631824A CN 113376461 A CN113376461 A CN 113376461A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- transformer
- shell
- conductive metal
- generation unit
- temperature difference
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003574 free electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C23/00—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems
- G08C23/02—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems using infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
Abstract
The application provides an online detection device and method for faults in a transformer shell, wherein the device comprises: the refrigerating sheet is arranged on the outer side of the shell of the transformer and used for reducing the temperature of the shell and forming a temperature difference with insulating oil in the transformer; the temperature difference power generation unit is arranged on the inner side of the shell of the transformer, is opposite to the position of the refrigerating sheet, and is used for generating and outputting temperature difference voltage; the vibration sensor is arranged in the transformer, is connected with the temperature difference power generation unit and is used for supplying power through the temperature difference power generation unit, and is used for detecting the vibration condition in the transformer; and the ultrasonic wave transmission module is used for transmitting the vibration condition in the transformer to a terminal positioned outside the transformer. The device is simple in structure, the method is convenient to operate, external power supply is not needed, potential safety hazards of transformer operation are reduced, and online detection of faults in the transformer shell is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of measuring equipment, in particular to an online detection device and method for faults in a transformer shell.
Background
The transformer is an important device in the operation of the power system, once a fault occurs, great influence is caused to the production operation of a factory and the daily life of residents, and a large amount of maintenance time and materials of equipment maintenance personnel are consumed, so that the real-time monitoring of the working state of the transformer is of great significance to the operation of the power system.
In the long-term operation process of the transformer, the winding and the iron core gradually deform or loosen, faults such as insulation abrasion, coil deformation and the like can be caused, and even the transformer cannot work or is damaged. The change of the winding and the iron core is mainly focused on the change of vibration, the detection of the iron core and the winding state of the transformer adopted in the current market is only carried out in the fault maintenance after the fault shutdown of the transformer, the transformer is a passive defense mode after the fault occurs, the power failure detection is required, the transformer winding vibration online monitoring function cannot be realized, and the transformer winding vibration online monitoring device belongs to offline detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an online detection apparatus and method for a fault in a transformer housing.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides an online detection device for a fault in a transformer housing, including: the refrigerating piece is arranged on the outer side of the shell of the transformer and used for reducing the temperature of the shell and forming a temperature difference with insulating oil in the transformer; the temperature difference power generation unit is arranged on the inner side of the shell of the transformer, is opposite to the position of the refrigeration sheet, and is used for generating and outputting temperature difference voltage; the vibration sensor is arranged in the transformer, is connected with the temperature difference power generation unit and is used for supplying power through the temperature difference power generation unit, and is used for detecting the vibration condition in the transformer; and the ultrasonic wave transparent transmission module is used for transmitting the vibration condition in the transformer to a terminal positioned outside the transformer.
In one example, the thermoelectric generation unit includes: a first conductive metal group including a plurality of first conductive metals disposed in the same direction; the second conductive metal group is opposite to the first conductive metal group in position and comprises a plurality of second conductive metals arranged in the same direction; the first conductive metal and the tail conductive metal of the second conductive metal group are connected with the vibration sensor so as to supply power to the vibration sensor through the temperature difference power generation unit; the first heat conducting ceramic is arranged in the insulating oil, is attached to the surface of the first conductive metal group and is used for transferring the heat of the insulating oil to the first conductive metal group; the second heat conducting ceramic is opposite to the position of the refrigerating sheet, fixed on the inner side surface of the transformer shell and used for transferring the heat of the transformer shell to the second conductive metal group; a semiconductor material installed between the first conductive metal group and the second conductive metal group for generating the thermoelectric voltage according to a temperature difference between the first conductive metal group and the second conductive metal group.
In one example, the apparatus includes a data processing module; the vibration sensor is positioned in the insulating oil and used for converting the collected vibration signals into analog electric signals and sending the analog electric signals to the data processing module.
In one example, the apparatus further comprises: the data processing module is connected with the first conductive metal and the tail conductive metal of the second conductive metal group so as to supply power to the data processing module through the thermoelectric power generation unit; the data processing module is connected with the vibration sensor and used for converting the received analog electric signals into pulse signals and sending the pulse signals to the ultrasonic wave transparent transmission module.
In one example, the ultrasonic transparent transmission module comprises an ultrasonic transmitting module and an ultrasonic receiving module; the ultrasonic transmitting module is connected with the first conductive metal and the tail conductive metal of the second conductive metal group so as to supply power to the data processing module through the temperature difference power generation unit; the ultrasonic transmitting module is connected with the data processing module, is arranged on the inner side of the shell of the transformer and is used for transmitting the pulse signal to the ultrasonic receiving module positioned on the outer side of the shell; the ultrasonic receiving module is arranged on the outer side of the shell of the transformer, is powered by an external power supply, and is used for decoding and converting the pulse signal into a digital signal and sending the digital signal to a terminal.
In one example, the contact area of the refrigeration sheet and the transformer housing is larger than the contact area of the thermoelectric generation unit and the transformer housing.
In one example, the transformer includes a transformer bushing and a transformer winding; the refrigerating sheet is arranged on the outer side of the shell below the transformer relative to the transformer bushing; the thermoelectric power generation unit is arranged on the inner side of the shell below the transformer relative to the transformer bushing; the vibration sensor and the transformer winding are arranged at intervals.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides an online detection method for a fault in a transformer housing, which is applied to a transformer including the apparatus according to any one of the above examples, and the method includes: generating and outputting a voltage through a thermoelectric generation unit installed inside a case of the transformer; the thermoelectric power generation unit is arranged opposite to a refrigerating sheet arranged on the outer side of a shell of the transformer, and the refrigerating sheet is used for reducing the temperature of the shell and forming a temperature difference with insulating oil in the transformer; detecting the vibration condition in the transformer through a vibration sensor connected with the temperature difference power generation unit; the vibration sensor is arranged in the transformer and is powered by the temperature difference power generation unit; and sending the vibration condition to a terminal positioned outside the transformer through an ultrasonic transparent transmission module.
In one example, the detecting the vibration condition in the transformer by a vibration sensor connected with the thermoelectric generation unit specifically includes: and converting the acquired vibration signal into an analog electric signal through the vibration sensor, and sending the analog electric signal to the data processing module.
In one example, the ultrasound transparent transmission module comprises an ultrasound transmitting module and an ultrasound receiving module, and the method further comprises: the data processing module connected with the vibration sensor converts the analog electric signal into a pulse signal and sends the pulse signal to the ultrasonic transmitting module, and the data processing module is powered by the temperature difference power generation unit; the pulse signal is sent to the ultrasonic receiving module positioned outside the shell through the ultrasonic transmitting module connected with the data processing module; the ultrasonic transmitting module is powered by the temperature difference power generation unit and is arranged on the inner side of the shell of the transformer; decoding and converting the pulse signal into a digital signal through the ultrasonic receiving module, and sending the digital signal to a terminal; the ultrasonic receiving module is installed on the outer side of the shell of the transformer and is powered by an external power supply.
According to the device and the method of any embodiment of the application, a power supply scheme for obtaining energy by internal temperature difference is provided, online detection of faults in the transformer shell is realized, the influence of the transformer shell and an internal solid structure on detection signals is avoided, and early warning on deformation and structural looseness of the transformer winding can be effectively carried out; the convenience of measuring information transmission of the device is improved. Meanwhile, the device and the method solve the problem of complex operation of hole opening of the transformer shell in the traditional detection device, avoid the risk of oil leakage caused by the complex operation, reduce the potential safety hazard of transformer operation and enhance the working stability of the transformer. The device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, long service life, no need of external power supply, high measurement resolution, improved accuracy and reliability of transformer fault detection, and improved transformer fault detection efficiency and precision.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an online detection device for a fault in a transformer housing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a thermoelectric power generation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic transmitter module according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic receiving module according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a signal extraction circuit of the ultrasonic receiving module in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an online detection method for a fault in a transformer housing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation relationship between output power of the cooling fins and wind pressure of the cooling fan in the embodiment of the present application;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the system comprises a 110 refrigeration piece, a 120 temperature difference power generation unit, a 130 vibration sensor, a 140 data processing module, a 150 ultrasonic wave transmitting module and a 160 ultrasonic wave receiving module;
121 a first conductive metal group, 122 a second conductive metal group, 123 a first thermally conductive ceramic, 124 a second thermally conductive ceramic, 125 a semiconductor material;
210 casing, 220 transformer winding, 230 insulating oil, 240 transformer bushing;
310, and a terminal.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
At present, the commonly adopted transformer shell fault detection methods in the market mainly comprise two methods: the shell external velocity sensor method and the electrical detection method.
The shell acceleration sensor method is characterized in that an acceleration sensor is used for carrying out multi-point vibration test on the outer side of a transformer shell, the frequency spectrum characteristics of vibration signals of different secondary side voltages at various measuring points are analyzed, and the optimal sensor arrangement area for monitoring the iron core condition is found according to the square correlation of the amplitude of the vibration signals on a box body and the voltage. The method has the disadvantages that the sensor needs to be arranged outside the shell, the vibration voiceprint signal is received by the sensor after being reflected and transmitted by the solid, and the vibration source is difficult to locate and trace.
The electrical detection methods are currently divided into frequency response analysis methods and short circuit reactance methods, which are all established on the basis of an electrical model of a transformer winding to detect the transformer winding, can give more accurate judgment only when the transformer winding is obviously deformed, but have low sensitivity when the transformer winding is loosened, distorted or slightly deformed.
In order to overcome the not enough in the design of above-mentioned prior art, this application provides an online detection device of trouble in transformer housing, uses in transformer housing, and the device passes through the module including refrigeration piece, thermoelectric generation unit, vibration sensor, data processing module, ultrasonic wave.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cooling plate 110 is fixed on the outside of the transformer housing 210, and a cooling fan is attached to the outside of the cooling plate, and the cooling fan is operated to cool a portion of the housing that is in contact with the cooling plate.
The thermoelectric generation unit 120 is fixed to the inside of the transformer case 210, and includes: a first electrically conductive metal group 121, a second electrically conductive metal group 122, a first thermally conductive ceramic 123, a second thermally conductive ceramic 124, and a semiconductor material 125. The second thermally conductive ceramic 124 is positioned opposite the refrigeration pill 110.
In one embodiment, the first and second thermally conductive ceramics 123 and 124 have an area of 10cm2The area of the refrigeration plate 110 is 20cm2. The contact area between the cooling plate 110 and the transformer housing 210 is larger than the contact area between the second heat-conducting ceramic 124 and the transformer housing 210, so that the temperature reduction effect of the transformer housing 210 is more obvious, and the second heat-conducting ceramic 124 can better transfer the heat of the housing in the low-temperature region.
In one embodiment, the first heat conductive ceramic 123 is disposed in the insulating oil 230 at a position opposite to the second heat conductive ceramic 124 up and down, for transferring heat of the insulating oil 230, forming a temperature difference with the second heat conductive ceramic 124. The first conductive metal group 121 includes a plurality of first conductive metals disposed in the same direction, and the plurality of first conductive metals are sequentially attached to the first conductive ceramics 123 so as to receive heat of the insulating oil 230 transferred by the first conductive ceramics 123. The second conductive metal group 122 comprises a plurality of second conductive metals disposed in the same direction and staggered with respect to the first conductive metal group so as to connect with the semiconductor material 125. Semiconductor material 125 is divided into P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors. The carriers of the P-type semiconductor material are mainly positively charged holes, and the carriers of the N-type semiconductor material are mainly negatively charged free electrons. Due to the different polarities of the carriers, under the action of the same temperature gradient, the P-type semiconductor material and the N-type semiconductor material generate potential differences with opposite polarities. By utilizing the characteristic, a certain number of P-type semiconductors and N-type semiconductors are alternately arranged between the first conductive metal group 121 and the second conductive metal group 122 and are connected to form a thermoelectric power generation module, and the thermoelectric power generation module, the first conductive ceramic 123 and the second conductive ceramic 124 form a thermoelectric power generation unit 120, so that a thermoelectric voltage in a range of 0.5-5V can be formed by utilizing the temperature difference between the transformer shell 210 and the insulating oil 230, and other modules and components positioned in the transformer are powered.
Since the thermoelectric generation unit 120 has its own internal resistance, the thermoelectric voltage generated by the seebeck effect will be applied to the internal resistance R and the external load resistance RL together, and the output voltage of the thermoelectric generation unit 120 is:
wherein, Delta TGFor the temperature difference, α is the Seebeck constant, which is commonly used in μ V/K.
The loop output current is:
therefore, the output power of the thermoelectric power generation unit is as follows:
in order to obtain larger power, the refrigerating sheet 110 and the thermoelectric generation unit 120 can be adjusted in the following ways: (1) the thermoelectric material with a higher figure of merit, namely, the thermoelectric material with a larger Seebeck coefficient, smaller thermal conductivity and resistance is adopted; (2) optimizing the structure of the device to obtain larger temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end; (3) and adjusting the load resistance to enable the temperature difference power generation unit to work at the maximum power output point.
In one embodiment, the vibration sensor 130 is installed inside the transformer, and the positive and negative electrodes thereof are connected to the first conductive metal and the last conductive metal of the second conductive metal group 122, so as to supply power to the vibration sensor 130 through the thermoelectric generation unit 120. The vibration sensor 130 detects a vibration signal in the transformer to determine a fault condition in the transformer. Meanwhile, the acquired vibration signal is converted into an analog electrical signal, and the analog electrical signal is transmitted to the data processing module 140.
In one embodiment, the data processing module 140 is installed inside the transformer, and the positive and negative electrodes thereof are connected to the first conductive metal and the last conductive metal of the second conductive metal group 122, so as to supply power to the data processing module 140 through the thermoelectric generation unit 120. The data processing module 140 is connected to the vibration sensor 130, and is configured to convert the received analog electrical signal into a pulse signal, and send the pulse signal to the ultrasonic transmission module.
In one embodiment, the ultrasound transparent module includes an ultrasound transmitting module 150 and an ultrasound receiving module 160.
The ultrasonic wave emitting module 150 is installed inside the transformer housing 210, and the positive and negative electrodes thereof are connected to the first conductive metal and the last conductive metal of the second conductive metal group 122, so as to supply power to the ultrasonic wave emitting module through the thermoelectric power generation unit 120. The ultrasonic transmitting module 150 is connected to the data processing module 140, and is configured to transmit the received pulse signal to the ultrasonic receiving module 160 located outside the transformer housing 210. As shown in fig. 3, the circuit of the ultrasonic transmitting module 150 includes a receiving terminal Cut _ Off connected to a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to a transistor P1, such as model 9012, the emitter of the transistor P1 is connected to a 5V power supply, the collector of the transistor P1 is connected to a resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to a switch SW, the other end of the switch SW is connected to a CMOS transistor N1, such as model Si2302ADS, the source of the CMOS transistor N1 is grounded, the gate of the CMOS transistor N1 is connected to the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, the two ends of the transistor P1 and the resistor R5 are connected to a transformer T1, the output ends of the transformer are respectively connected to a capacitor C8 and a capacitor C9, and the two ends of the capacitor C8 are connected to an ultrasonic transmitter US-T, such as model T40-16O. The circuit receiving end of the ultrasonic transmitting module 150 receives the pulse signal from the data processing module 140, and sends the pulse signal into an amplifying circuit composed of a triode P1, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and other components, the output signal of the amplifying circuit is used for driving a CMOS transistor N1, and then the pulse signal is applied to a high-frequency pulse transformer for power amplification, and a capacitor C8 and a capacitor C9 achieve a resonance effect in order to fine-tune a load capacitor, and the amplified pulse signal is sent out through an ultrasonic transmitting head US-T. The ultrasonic transmitter head of the ultrasonic transmitter module 150 is a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, is an electro-mechanical-acoustic transducer, belongs to the category of voltage driving, and the conversion power is in direct proportion to the driving voltage. The embodiment of the application adopts the following steps that the voltage boosting ratio is 1: 20 high frequency pulse transformer. In addition, by utilizing the resonance principle, a driving signal which is approximate to a sine wave is obtained through matching of the transformer and the transmitting head. However, this matching approach is accompanied by multiple signal interference problems: the emitting head emits other unwanted signals due to resonance after the driving signal stops, and the emitting head lasts for a long time until the energy consumption on the direct current resistance of the secondary coil of the transformer is finished. When the signal is transmitted in a long distance, the effective signal wave and the ineffective residual wave can arrive at the same time, and the signal propagation result is influenced. Therefore, the present embodiment adds a residual wave suppression circuit, forms a loop with the primary side of the transformer, and utilizes the characteristic of small resistance of the primary side to quickly consume the energy of the secondary side, so as to achieve the purposes of reducing the residual wave interference and increasing the signal propagation accuracy.
The ultrasonic receiving module 160 is installed outside the transformer housing 210, is powered by an external power source, and is configured to decode and convert the received pulse signal into a digital signal and transmit the digital signal to a terminal. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the circuit of the ultrasonic receiving module 160 includes an integrated circuit U2, such as model TL852, and further includes a receiving module composed of an ultrasonic receiving head US-R, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9 and an inductor L1, and the receiving module is connected to the XIN of the integrated circuit U2. The ultrasonic receiving head US-R of the ultrasonic receiving module 160, such as model R40-16O, is also a piezoelectric ceramic transducer, and after receiving a digital signal by the piezoelectric ceramic receiving head, the digital signal is converted into a voltage and then sent to the signal conditioning circuit of the ultrasonic receiving module 160 through the resonant circuit. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic Signal detection circuit is formed by the dedicated ultrasonic receiving integrated circuit U2, so as to facilitate frequency selection and gain variation of the digital Signal, and the integrated circuit is used to facilitate the change of sensitivity, wherein GCA, GCB, GCC, GCD are gain control, SOUT is the integral output of the integrated circuit U2, Signal is the Signal after echo detection, and the negative transition is effective. As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the signal extraction circuit of the ultrasonic receiving module 160 adopts two low voltage operational amplifier chips U3A and U3B, such as model LMV358, the first part is a first-stage follower for improving input impedance, and includes components such as the low voltage operational amplifier chip U3A, and the integral output SOUT is connected to the positive electrode of the operational amplifier chip U3A for reducing the influence on the integration of the output capacitor of the ultrasonic receiving integrated circuit. The second part is a comparator which comprises components such as a low-voltage operational amplifier chip U3B, and the like, and the signal output by the first part is connected to the negative electrode of the operational amplifier chip U3B through a resistor R5 so as to achieve the effect of outputting a signal with a good falling edge.
In one embodiment, the transformer housing 210 is disposed above the transformer bushing 240, the cooling fins 110 are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the transformer housing 210 below the transformer bushing 240, and the thermoelectric generation unit 120 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the transformer housing 210 below the transformer bushing 240. The vibration sensor 130 is located inside the transformer at a distance from the location of the transformer winding 220, without contacting the transformer winding 220.
In the device of any of the above embodiments of the present application, the thermoelectric generation unit 120, the vibration sensor 130, the data processing module 140, and the ultrasonic emission module 150 are all installed inside the transformer housing 210, and self-power supply of the internal device can be realized. In addition, the vibration sensor 130 is arranged in the insulating oil 230, so that the fault condition can be directly detected without considering the attenuation of the transformer shell 210 to a detection signal, the accuracy and the reliability of the transformer fault detection are improved, the interference information in the detection process is reduced, and the online detection of the internal condition of the transformer is realized.
As shown in fig. 6, the present application provides an online detection method for a fault in a transformer housing, which is applied to a transformer including the apparatus in any one of the above embodiments, and the method includes:
s101: and starting the refrigeration sheet to cool the transformer shell and form a temperature difference with the insulating oil.
The refrigeration piece fixedly installed on the outer side of the transformer shell is started, the cooling fan attached to the outer side of the refrigeration piece starts to operate, the transformer shell is cooled, and the temperature of the shell part contacting with the refrigeration piece is lower than the ambient temperature. In the running process of the transformer, heat generated by the heating of the transformer winding is dissipated in the insulating oil, the temperature of the insulating oil is far higher than the ambient temperature, and a large temperature difference is formed between the temperature of the insulating oil and the temperature of the refrigerating sheet. As shown in fig. 7, at the same temperature of the insulating oil, the higher the air pressure of the cooling fan of the cooling fin is, the higher the cooling power output by the cooling fin is, and at the same air pressure of the cooling fan, the higher the temperature of the insulating oil is, the higher the cooling power output by the cooling fin is. Wherein, under the temperature of the insulating oil of 95 ℃, the output power of the refrigerating sheet changes more obviously along with the wind pressure of the heat radiation fan. According to the change relation of the output power of the power generation module under different air pressures of the cooling fan, the air pressure of the cooling fan suitable for the temperature of different insulating oil is formulated, so that the refrigeration sheet outputs the maximum refrigeration power.
S102: the temperature difference is utilized to enable the temperature difference power generation unit to generate and output temperature difference voltage so as to supply power for components in other transformers.
The first heat conducting ceramic and the second heat conducting ceramic of the thermoelectric power generation unit respectively sense and transmit heat from the insulating oil and the shell of the contact part of the refrigeration sheet to form temperature difference, and voltage with the range of 0.5-5V can be formed according to the temperature difference. The vibration sensor, the data processing module and the ultrasonic transmitting module are all connected with the temperature difference power generation unit, and when the voltage is greater than the working voltage of the modules and the components, the fault condition inside the transformer begins to be detected.
S103: the vibration sensor is used for detecting the vibration condition in the transformer, converting the detected vibration signal into an analog electric signal and sending the analog electric signal to the data processing module.
The vibration sensor is arranged in the insulating oil, so that the fault condition in the transformer is directly detected, and the attenuation of the transformer shell to a detection signal is avoided.
S104: the received analog electric signal is converted into a pulse signal through the data processing module and is sent to the ultrasonic transmitting module
S105: and the received pulse signal is sent to an ultrasonic receiving module positioned outside the shell through an ultrasonic transmitting module.
The ultrasonic transmission of the ultrasonic transparent transmission module adopts an amplitude keying transmission mode, the amplitude keying is digital modulation that the amplitude of a carrier changes along with a digital baseband signal, the carrier is sent when a source signal is '1', and the level of 0 is sent when the source signal is '0'. When the digital baseband signal is binary, also called binary amplitude keying (2ASK), the modulation method of the 2ASK signal includes both an analog amplitude modulation method and a keying method. The transmitting head of the ultrasonic transmitting module can transmit other unnecessary signals due to resonance after the driving signal stops, and the transmission lasts for a long time until the energy consumption on the direct current resistance of the secondary coil of the transformer is finished. When the signal is transmitted in a long distance, the effective signal wave and the ineffective residual wave can arrive at the same time, and the signal propagation result is influenced. In order to effectively suppress the influence of data transmission due to the residual wave effect, in the present embodiment, a set of pulse waves is designed to represent a source signal "1" or "0". The pulse frequency is 39kHz, and the pulse frequency is far greater than the frequency of the vibration signal to be measured, so that the interference to an analog signal is avoided.
S106: and converting the received pulse signals into digital signals through an ultrasonic receiving module, and sending the digital signals to a terminal for processing.
The ultrasonic receiving module is arranged on the outer side of the transformer shell, receives the ultrasonic pulse signals transmitted by the transformer shell, decodes the received pulse signals according to the encoding rule of the transmitting end, converts the pulse signals into digital signals and sends the digital signals to the terminal for further data analysis.
Claims (10)
1. An online detection device of fault in transformer housing, characterized by comprising:
the refrigerating piece is arranged on the outer side of the shell of the transformer and used for reducing the temperature of the shell and forming a temperature difference with insulating oil in the transformer;
the temperature difference power generation unit is arranged on the inner side of the shell of the transformer, is opposite to the position of the refrigeration sheet, and is used for generating and outputting temperature difference voltage;
the vibration sensor is arranged in the transformer, is connected with the temperature difference power generation unit and is used for supplying power through the temperature difference power generation unit, and is used for detecting the vibration condition in the transformer;
and the ultrasonic wave transparent transmission module is used for transmitting the vibration condition in the transformer to a terminal positioned outside the transformer.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the thermoelectric generation unit comprises:
a first conductive metal group including a plurality of first conductive metals disposed in the same direction;
the second conductive metal group is opposite to the first conductive metal group in position and comprises a plurality of second conductive metals arranged in the same direction; the first conductive metal and the tail conductive metal of the second conductive metal group are connected with the vibration sensor so as to supply power to the vibration sensor through the temperature difference power generation unit;
the first heat conducting ceramic is arranged in the insulating oil, is attached to the surface of the first conductive metal group and is used for transferring the heat of the insulating oil to the first conductive metal group;
the second heat conducting ceramic is opposite to the position of the refrigerating sheet, fixed on the inner side surface of the transformer shell and used for transferring the heat of the transformer shell to the second conductive metal group;
a semiconductor material installed between the first conductive metal group and the second conductive metal group for generating the thermoelectric voltage according to a temperature difference between the first conductive metal group and the second conductive metal group.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus comprises a data processing module;
the vibration sensor is positioned in the insulating oil and used for converting the collected vibration signals into analog electric signals and sending the analog electric signals to the data processing module.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, further comprising:
the data processing module is connected with the first conductive metal and the tail conductive metal of the second conductive metal group so as to supply power to the data processing module through the thermoelectric power generation unit;
the data processing module is connected with the vibration sensor and used for converting the received analog electric signals into pulse signals and sending the pulse signals to the ultrasonic wave transparent transmission module.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the ultrasound transparent transmission module comprises an ultrasound transmitting module and an ultrasound receiving module;
the ultrasonic transmitting module is connected with the first conductive metal and the tail conductive metal of the second conductive metal group so as to supply power to the data processing module through the temperature difference power generation unit;
the ultrasonic transmitting module is connected with the data processing module, is arranged on the inner side of the shell of the transformer and is used for transmitting the pulse signal to the ultrasonic receiving module positioned on the outer side of the shell;
the ultrasonic receiving module is arranged on the outer side of the shell of the transformer, is powered by an external power supply, and is used for decoding and converting the pulse signal into a digital signal and sending the digital signal to a terminal.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the contact area of the refrigeration pill with the transformer housing is larger than the contact area of the thermoelectric generation unit with the transformer housing.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transformer comprises a transformer bushing and a transformer winding;
the refrigerating sheet is arranged on the outer side of the shell below the transformer relative to the transformer bushing;
the thermoelectric power generation unit is arranged on the inner side of the shell below the transformer relative to the transformer bushing;
the vibration sensor and the transformer winding are arranged at intervals.
8. An online detection method for faults in a transformer shell, which is applied to a transformer comprising the device of any one of claims 1-7, and comprises the following steps:
generating and outputting a voltage through a thermoelectric generation unit installed inside a case of the transformer; the thermoelectric power generation unit is arranged opposite to a refrigerating sheet arranged on the outer side of a shell of the transformer, and the refrigerating sheet is used for reducing the temperature of the shell and forming a temperature difference with insulating oil in the transformer;
detecting the vibration condition in the transformer through a vibration sensor connected with the temperature difference power generation unit; the vibration sensor is arranged in the transformer and is powered by the temperature difference power generation unit;
and sending the vibration condition to a terminal positioned outside the transformer through an ultrasonic transparent transmission module.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein detecting the vibration in the transformer by a vibration sensor connected to the thermoelectric generation unit comprises:
and converting the acquired vibration signal into an analog electric signal through the vibration sensor, and sending the analog electric signal to the data processing module.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the ultrasound transparent module comprises an ultrasound transmitting module and an ultrasound receiving module, the method further comprising:
the data processing module connected with the vibration sensor converts the analog electric signal into a pulse signal and sends the pulse signal to the ultrasonic transmitting module, and the data processing module is powered by the temperature difference power generation unit;
the pulse signal is sent to the ultrasonic receiving module positioned outside the shell through the ultrasonic transmitting module connected with the data processing module; the ultrasonic transmitting module is powered by the temperature difference power generation unit and is arranged on the inner side of the shell of the transformer;
decoding and converting the pulse signal into a digital signal through the ultrasonic receiving module, and sending the digital signal to a terminal; the ultrasonic receiving module is installed on the outer side of the shell of the transformer and is powered by an external power supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110631824.9A CN113376461A (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Online detection device and method for faults in transformer shell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110631824.9A CN113376461A (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Online detection device and method for faults in transformer shell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113376461A true CN113376461A (en) | 2021-09-10 |
Family
ID=77576016
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110631824.9A Pending CN113376461A (en) | 2021-06-07 | 2021-06-07 | Online detection device and method for faults in transformer shell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113376461A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114111912A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-01 | 苏州捷杰传感技术有限公司 | Temperature difference self-powered temperature and vibration composite detection system and implementation method thereof |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103219927A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-24 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Passive power supply for electrical device detection |
| CN205229376U (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-11 | 国网安徽省电力公司 | Transformer winding modification on -line monitoring device |
| CN105758514A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-07-13 | 国网江西省电力科学研究院 | Transformer-monitoring apparatus based on thermoelectric conversion energy acquisition |
| CN206523181U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-09-26 | 许昌学院 | A kind of remote hydrographic supervising device controlled based on PLC |
| CN209014129U (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-06-21 | 广西师范大学 | A kind of transformer vibration wireless monitor system |
| KR102013654B1 (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-23 | 주식회사 파워맥스 | Power transformer with integrated sensor |
| CN212724009U (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-03-16 | 西门子（中国）有限公司 | Intelligent transformer and intelligent transformer monitoring system |
| WO2021070437A1 (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-04-15 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Transformer monitoring and diagnostic device |
-
2021
- 2021-06-07 CN CN202110631824.9A patent/CN113376461A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103219927A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-24 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Passive power supply for electrical device detection |
| CN205229376U (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-11 | 国网安徽省电力公司 | Transformer winding modification on -line monitoring device |
| CN105758514A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-07-13 | 国网江西省电力科学研究院 | Transformer-monitoring apparatus based on thermoelectric conversion energy acquisition |
| CN206523181U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-09-26 | 许昌学院 | A kind of remote hydrographic supervising device controlled based on PLC |
| CN209014129U (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-06-21 | 广西师范大学 | A kind of transformer vibration wireless monitor system |
| KR102013654B1 (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-23 | 주식회사 파워맥스 | Power transformer with integrated sensor |
| WO2021070437A1 (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-04-15 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Transformer monitoring and diagnostic device |
| CN212724009U (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2021-03-16 | 西门子（中国）有限公司 | Intelligent transformer and intelligent transformer monitoring system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨继材 等: "《空间核电源中的热电转换》", 哈尔滨工程大学出版社, pages: 144 - 73 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114111912A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-01 | 苏州捷杰传感技术有限公司 | Temperature difference self-powered temperature and vibration composite detection system and implementation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2597770B1 (en) | Energy consumption efficiency improving method, mobile terminal and application of thermoelectric conversion module | |
| CN105606236B (en) | A kind of passive and wireless temperature transducer and temp measuring method | |
| CN113376461A (en) | Online detection device and method for faults in transformer shell | |
| CN102538993B (en) | Temperature measuring device of machine tool | |
| CN205506984U (en) | Power transmission line insulator leakage current on -line monitoring system | |
| CN102437658A (en) | Piezoelectric-ceramics-based ultrasonic wireless power transmission device | |
| TWI418969B (en) | Self-powered thermoelectric device for electricity consumption and related detecting method | |
| CN203455028U (en) | A passive wireless temperature-measuring and current-measuring system | |
| CN113391174A (en) | Device and method for positioning fault in transformer shell | |
| CN109141669B (en) | Wireless temperature measurement method and device based on spectrum technology | |
| CN201732466U (en) | Cable joint and lap joint wireless temperature measuring sensor | |
| CN206725678U (en) | Wireless charging parameter measuring apparatus | |
| CN112858854A (en) | Passive composite ultrasonic partial discharge sensor and monitoring system | |
| CN112212990A (en) | Clamping temperature measuring device | |
| CN104198080B (en) | Oscillatory type temperature sensor with RF radiofrequency signal as energy | |
| CN112656242A (en) | Heating device, working method thereof and oven | |
| CN206348385U (en) | A kind of ac electric isolating transmitter based on the railway system | |
| CN218847436U (en) | GIS passive wireless contact temperature on-line monitoring system | |
| CN215830627U (en) | Self-energy-taking type high-potential cooling water temperature measuring device | |
| CN214077655U (en) | Ultrasonic transducer with built-in wireless temperature measurement transmitting module | |
| TWI425707B (en) | Fuel cell apparatus combined heat and power system with radio frequency identification sensors | |
| CN219574325U (en) | Generator load testing device | |
| CN213401200U (en) | Step type thermoelectric module with temperature measurement function | |
| CN204043817U (en) | A kind of oscillatory type temperature sensor that is energy with RF radiofrequency signal | |
| CN212748106U (en) | GIS contact temperature on-line monitoring system based on surface acoustic wave technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |