CN113375350A - Die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to vacuum cavity of solar heat collector - Google Patents

Die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to vacuum cavity of solar heat collector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113375350A
CN113375350A CN202110665965.2A CN202110665965A CN113375350A CN 113375350 A CN113375350 A CN 113375350A CN 202110665965 A CN202110665965 A CN 202110665965A CN 113375350 A CN113375350 A CN 113375350A
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China
Prior art keywords
end cover
die
temperature
solar
sealing end
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Chinese (zh)
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许志翔
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Huaibei Xuhuang New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Huaibei Xuhuang New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C22C1/0458—Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0466—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photo-thermal products, and discloses a die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar heat collector, wherein a die-casting sealing end cover used for a vacuum cavity of a medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector is sealed with a glass cylinder of the heat collector to form a vacuum sealing cavity, and a solar energy absorbing thin film layer is thermally cast on the inner surface of the vacuum sealing cavity; the solar energy absorption film layer consists of nano powder, a dispersing agent, a dispersing medium and a pH regulator; the nano powder consists of TiN particles and carbon black particles; 2g to 3g of nano powder particles, 0.3g to 0.4g of dispersant and 6g to 10g of pH regulator are added into 100g of dispersion medium. The specific surface area of the nano powder used in the invention is 34-97.2 m2(ii) in terms of/g. The invention has great absorption efficiency and utilization rate of 89-97 percent for sunlight。

Description

Die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to vacuum cavity of solar heat collector
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photo-thermal products, and particularly relates to a die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar heat collector.
Background
Currently, with the increasing world population, energy problems have become a significant problem threatening the development of human survival. With the continuous exploitation of resources such as petroleum and coal stored in the world and the environmental pollution caused by the resources, there is an urgent need for a renewable energy source which can be continuously used without stressing the environment. Solar energy is increasingly gaining attention as a clean, environmentally friendly and durable new energy source. Has become an important content of the sustainable development strategy of each country, and has increasingly prominent important role in daily life. With the implementation of a plurality of energy-saving and emission-reducing laws and regulations in China, solar energy utilization products appear successively, and products such as solar water heaters are popularized and utilized in many areas.
How to convert solar energy into heat energy with high efficiency is one of the main problems facing solar energy utilization products. In the prior art, the heating temperature of the solar water heater is less than 100 ℃, so the heat transfer medium in the heat transfer device is mainly water. The medium-high temperature solar energy heat collection enables the gunns in the field of solar energy to be wide, and for example, the medium temperature (more than or equal to 200 ℃) can be used for power generation. However, due to the low boiling point of water, in order to further concentrate the solar heat above 100 ℃ and even higher, other heat transfer fluids must be used for heat transfer. The currently commonly used heat medium fluid is heating oil with a high boiling point or salt substances such as ammonium nitrate and the like.
Most of the existing solar heat collecting devices used in the medium-temperature use environment of 150-200 ℃ and the higher-temperature use environment are complex in design and high in manufacturing cost, and are not suitable for popularization in daily life. In addition, in order to obtain high-efficiency solar heat, the following points must be met in the design of the solar heat collector: 1. the glass tube has high transmittance and good strength, and is generally made of borosilicate glass; 2. the heat-collecting plate is a metal-based absorbing film; 3. the heat medium fluid guide pipe adopts copper or other metal pipes with good heat conductivity; 4. the heat collector must ensure good vacuum for a long time. Since borosilicate glass has poor wettability with conventional kovar materials, direct sealing is difficult. At present, a transition glass method is adopted, which is labor-consuming, high in cost and difficult to industrialize.
In order to solve the above problems, the prior art provides a die-casting sealing end cover for a vacuum cavity of a medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, which comprises an end cover body, wherein a heat medium fluid inlet, a heat medium outlet and an exhaust hole of the solar heat collector are radially distributed on the end cover body and penetrate through the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the end cover body.
The end cover body is formed by die casting.
The end cover body is formed by adopting borosilicate glass through die-casting or is formed by adopting a ceramic material with the expansion coefficient close to that of the borosilicate glass through die-casting.
Metal sleeves are arranged in the heat medium fluid inlet and the heat medium outlet and do not protrude out of the inner side surface of the end cover body; the length of the metal sleeve extending out of the outer side surface of the end cover body is set according to needs.
The metal sleeve is a metal sleeve with an expansion coefficient close to that of the end cover body.
The metal sleeve and the end cover body are connected in a brazing mode.
And a nano reinforcing material is inserted on the inner side surface of the end cover body.
The application principle of the above patent includes: referring to fig. 1, the die-casting sealing end cap for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector includes a die-casting end cap body 100, and a heat medium fluid inlet 130, a heat medium outlet 140 and an exhaust hole 150 of the solar heat collector, which penetrate through an inner side surface 110 and an outer side surface 120 of the end cap body 100, are radially distributed on the end cap body 100.
The end cover body 100 is formed by compression casting borosilicate glass or by compression casting a ceramic material having an expansion coefficient close to that of borosilicate glass. The end cap 100 is transparent if die cast from borosilicate glass, and non-transparent if die cast from a ceramic material having a coefficient of expansion close to that of borosilicate glass.
Metal sleeves 210 and 220 are disposed in the heat medium fluid inlet 130 and the heat medium outlet 140, and the metal sleeves 210 and 220 do not protrude from the inner side surface 110 of the end cover body 100, i.e., the inner ends of the metal sleeves 210 and 220 are flush with the inner side surface 110 of the end cover body 100. The length of the metal sleeves 210, 220 extending beyond the outer surface 120 of the end cap body 100 is set as desired.
The metal sleeves 210 and 220 are made of a material with an expansion coefficient close to that of the end cover body 100, and if the end cover body 100 is made of borosilicate glass through die casting, the metal sleeves 210 and 220 are made of copper tubes; if the end cap body 100 is made of a ceramic material with a coefficient of expansion close to that of borosilicate glass, the metal sleeves 210, 220 are made of stainless steel tubes. The metal sleeves 210 and 220 and the end cap body 100 are connected by brazing, and the brazed connection must be capable of withstanding 250 ℃ thermal shock.
The hole wall of the exhaust hole 150 is smooth, and the hole opening is flat so as to be beneficial to sealing.
The manufacturing method of the die-casting sealing end cover for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector comprises the following steps: after the end cap body 100 is die-cast, it is first cleaned and then dried, and then the nano reinforcing material is inserted on the inner surface of the end cap body 100 after drying. The metal sleeves 210, 220 are then machined and surface treated as required. The metal sleeves 210 and 220 after surface treatment are inserted into the heat medium fluid inlet 130 and the heat medium outlet 140, and brazing filler metal is filled in a gap between the outer wall of the metal sleeve 210 and the heat medium fluid inlet 130 and a gap between the outer wall of the metal sleeve 220 and the heat medium fluid inlet 130, and then fed into a brazing furnace for welding. And after the welding is finished, the welding material is taken out for subsequent use after being annealed and cooled.
A die-casting sealing end cover used for a vacuum cavity of a medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector is sealed with a glass cylinder of the heat collector to form a vacuum sealing cavity, a solar heat collecting device is arranged in the vacuum sealing cavity, a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device penetrate through metal guide pipes 210 and 220 of an end cover body 100 to be welded and sealed, the vacuum sealing cavity is pumped into high vacuum through an exhaust hole 150 on the end cover body 100 and then is sealed, and the heat collected is led out for later use through the heat medium fluid inlet pipe and the heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device.
The above patent makes certain progress in solving the problems that direct sealing is difficult in the industry, the transition glass method is adopted at present, the method is labor-consuming, the cost is high, and industrialization is difficult.
However, how to further improve the huge thermal effect of the solar heat collector on the basis of die-casting sealing end covers used by the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector needs to develop the heat collection of the solar heat collection device.
In the prior art, when the preset phase transition temperature of metal is in the range of 230-250 ℃, the cold and hot properties of the alloy are poor, deformation is easily caused, the sealing property is affected, and the normal application of the solar collector cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide a die-casting sealing end cap assembly for a vacuum chamber of a solar collector. The technical scheme is as follows:
according to a first aspect of the disclosed embodiment of the invention, a die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar heat collector is provided, which comprises a die-casting sealing end cover used by a vacuum cavity of a medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, wherein the die-casting sealing end cover used by the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector is sealed with a glass cylinder of the heat collector to form a vacuum sealing cavity, a solar heat collecting device is arranged in the vacuum sealing cavity, and a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device penetrate through a metal guide pipe of an end cover body for welding and sealing; a solar energy absorption film layer is thermally cast on the inner surface of the vacuum sealing cavity;
the solar energy absorption film layer is composed of nano powder, a dispersing agent, a dispersing medium and a pH regulator;
the nano powder consists of TiN particles and carbon black particles; 2g to 3g of nano powder particles, 0.3g to 0.4g of dispersant and 6g to 10g of pH regulator are added into 100g of dispersion medium.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the dispersant is polyethylene glycol PEG4000, and the dispersion medium is deionized water.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pH regulator is a mixture of formic acid and ammonia water, and the volume ratio of the formic acid to the ammonia water is 1: 1.5-3; the purity of the formic acid is more than or equal to 90.0 percent; the purity of the ammonia water is 35-40%; the pH value of the pH regulator is 8-10.5.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the TiN particles and the carbon black particles are composed in any ratio;
the purity of the nanopowder is greater than 97 wt%.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the nano powder is 25nm to 80 nm.
In an embodiment of the invention, the metal conduit of the die-casting sealing end cover used for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector adopts NiTiPdCu alloy to replace stainless steel, and the expansion coefficient of the NiTiPdCu alloy is close to that of the end cover body of the die-casting sealing end cover used for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector.
In one embodiment of the invention, the NiTiPdCu alloy comprises, by weight, 10.0-14.5% of nickel, 25.3-35.2% of palladium, 32.5-49.6% of titanium, and the balance of copper.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the preparing of the NiTiPdCu alloy includes:
weighing 10.0-14.5% of nickel, 25.3-35.2% of palladium, 32.5-49.6% of titanium and the balance of copper according to weight percentage;
mixing the weighed nickel, palladium, titanium and copper, putting the mixture into a ceramic pot, adding a ceramic ball, continuously filling argon for 5-10 minutes, and mixing the materials on a planetary ball mill; the mass ratio of the added ceramic balls to the mixture of nickel, palladium, titanium and copper is 6: 1;
pouring the uniformly mixed raw materials into a cylindrical steel die, and putting the cylindrical steel die into a press machine to perform green pressing under the pressure of 150-280 MPa;
and step four, placing the pressed sample in a resistance furnace in a reaction chamber, vacuumizing, filling argon, repeatedly washing, heating at the temperature of 980-1050 ℃ at the heating speed of 15-35 ℃/min, when a large amount of white smoke is emitted from the gas outlet of the resistance furnace, enabling the sample heating curve displayed by a temperature recorder to have a peak value, wherein the mutation temperature is 1200 ℃, then turning off a heating power supply, and introducing argon to rapidly cool the sample at 260 ℃/S after the reaction is finished.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the solar energy absorption film layer applied to the die-casting sealing end cover combination device of the vacuum cavity of the solar heat collector, wherein the preparation method of the solar energy absorption film layer comprises the following steps:
adding 2-3 g of nano powder particles, 0.3-0.4 g of dispersant and 6-10 g of pH value into 100g of dispersion medium;
and uniformly mixing to obtain stable solar energy absorption thin film layer slurry.
In an embodiment of the invention, the solar energy absorbing thin film layer slurry is injected into the vacuum sealed cavity through the exhaust holes of the die-casting sealing end cover used for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, and the injected solar energy absorbing thin film layer slurry completely submerges the heat medium fluid inlet pipe and the heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention solves the problem that the pipe explosion is easily caused when high-temperature heat medium fluid flows in and out of the vacuum heat collector, further improves the heat absorption efficiency on the basis of simplifying the manufacturing process, has good cold and hot impact resistance and prolongs the service life of the vacuum heat collector.
The nano powder has nano-scale particle size and large specific surface area, and the absorption efficiency of the film and the coating material to sunlight is higher by utilizing the volume effect and the surface effect of the nano particles when the sunlight irradiates.
The true density of the nano-carbon black particles used in the present invention is 1.85g/cm3The specific surface area of the nano powder is 34-97.2 m2(ii) in terms of/g. The invention has great absorption efficiency and utilization rate of 89-97% to sunlight.
The invention takes NiTiPdCu as a main raw material, the preset phase transition temperature is in the range of 230-250 ℃, the cold and hot heating energy of the alloy is better, and the completely recoverable strain can reach about 5 percent. The preparation method can meet the requirement of a solar heat collector, and the equipment used by the preparation method of the alloy is simple, energy-saving and time-saving.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a die-cast sealing end cap for a vacuum chamber of a medium-temperature and high-temperature solar thermal collector in the prior art according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the NiTiPdCu alloy provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a process diagram of a method for manufacturing a solar energy absorbing thin film layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The invention provides a die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar heat collector, which comprises a die-casting sealing end cover used by a vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, wherein the die-casting sealing end cover used by the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector is sealed with a glass cylinder of the heat collector to form a vacuum sealing cavity, a solar heat collecting device is arranged in the vacuum sealing cavity, and a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device penetrate through a metal guide pipe of an end cover body for welding and sealing; a solar energy absorption film layer is thermally cast on the inner surface of the vacuum sealing cavity;
the solar energy absorption film layer is composed of nano powder, a dispersing agent, a dispersing medium and a pH regulator;
the nano powder consists of TiN particles and carbon black particles; 2g to 3g of nano powder particles, 0.3g to 0.4g of dispersant and 6g to 10g of pH regulator are added into 100g of dispersion medium.
Preferably, the dispersing agent is polyethylene glycol PEG4000, and the dispersing medium is deionized water.
Preferably, the pH regulator is a mixture of formic acid and ammonia water, and the volume ratio of the formic acid to the ammonia water is 1: 1.5-3; the purity of the formic acid is more than or equal to 90.0 percent; the purity of the ammonia water is 35-40%; the pH value of the pH regulator is 8-10.5.
Preferably, the TiN particles and the carbon black particles are composed of any proportion;
the purity of the nanopowder is greater than 97 wt%.
Preferably, the particle size of the nano powder is 25nm to 80 nm.
Preferably, the metal conduit of the die-casting sealing end cover used for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector adopts NiTiPdCu alloy to replace stainless steel, and the expansion coefficient of the NiTiPdCu alloy is close to that of the end cover body of the die-casting sealing end cover used for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector.
Preferably, the NiTiPdCu alloy comprises, by weight, 10.0-14.5% of nickel, 25.3-35.2% of palladium, 32.5-49.6% of titanium, and the balance of copper.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the preparation of the NiTiPdCu alloy includes:
s101, weighing 10.0-14.5% of nickel, 25.3-35.2% of palladium, 32.5-49.6% of titanium and the balance of copper according to weight percentage;
s102, mixing the weighed nickel, palladium, titanium and copper, putting the mixture into a ceramic pot, adding a ceramic ball, continuously filling argon for 5-10 minutes, and mixing the materials on a planetary ball mill; the mass ratio of the added ceramic balls to the mixture of nickel, palladium, titanium and copper is 6: 1;
s103, pouring the uniformly mixed raw materials into a cylindrical steel die, and putting the cylindrical steel die into a press to perform green pressing under the pressure of 150-280 MPa;
s104, placing the pressed sample in a resistance furnace in a reaction chamber, vacuumizing, filling argon, repeatedly washing, heating at 980-1050 ℃ at a heating speed of 15-35 ℃/min, when a large amount of white smoke is emitted from the gas outlet of the resistance furnace, generating a peak value on a sample heating curve displayed by a temperature recorder, wherein the mutation temperature is 1200 ℃, then turning off a heating power supply, and introducing argon to rapidly cool the sample at 260 ℃/S after the reaction is finished.
As shown in fig. 3, the invention provides a method for preparing a solar energy absorbing thin film layer in a die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar collector, and the method for preparing the solar energy absorbing thin film layer comprises the following steps:
s201, adding 2-3 g of nano powder particles, 0.3-0.4 g of dispersing agent and 6-10 g of pH value into 100g of dispersing medium for adjustment;
s202, uniformly mixing to obtain stable solar energy absorption thin film layer slurry.
Preferably, the solar energy absorption thin film layer slurry is injected into the vacuum sealing cavity through an exhaust hole of a die-casting sealing end cover used for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, and the injected solar energy absorption thin film layer slurry completely submerges a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collection device.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar heat collector, which comprises a die-casting sealing end cover used by a vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, wherein the die-casting sealing end cover used by the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector is sealed with a glass cylinder of the heat collector to form a vacuum sealing cavity, a solar heat collecting device is arranged in the vacuum sealing cavity, and a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device penetrate through a metal guide pipe of an end cover body for welding and sealing; a solar energy absorption film layer is thermally cast on the inner surface of the vacuum sealing cavity;
the solar energy absorption film layer is composed of nano powder, a dispersing agent, a dispersing medium and a pH regulator;
the nano powder consists of TiN particles and carbon black particles; 2g of the nano-powder particles, 0.3g of the dispersant and 6g of the pH regulator are added to 100g of the dispersion medium. The invention has great absorption efficiency and utilization rate of 89% to sunlight.
Example 2
The invention provides a die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar heat collector, which comprises a die-casting sealing end cover used by a vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, wherein the die-casting sealing end cover used by the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector is sealed with a glass cylinder of the heat collector to form a vacuum sealing cavity, a solar heat collecting device is arranged in the vacuum sealing cavity, and a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device penetrate through a metal guide pipe of an end cover body for welding and sealing; a solar energy absorption film layer is thermally cast on the inner surface of the vacuum sealing cavity;
the solar energy absorption film layer is composed of nano powder, a dispersing agent, a dispersing medium and a pH regulator;
the nano powder consists of TiN particles and carbon black particles; 3g of nano-powder particles, 0.4g of dispersant and 10g of pH regulator are added to 100g of dispersion medium. The invention has great absorption efficiency and utilization rate of the sunlight reaching 97 percent.
Example 3
The invention provides a die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar heat collector, which comprises a die-casting sealing end cover used by a vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, wherein the die-casting sealing end cover used by the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector is sealed with a glass cylinder of the heat collector to form a vacuum sealing cavity, a solar heat collecting device is arranged in the vacuum sealing cavity, and a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device penetrate through a metal guide pipe of an end cover body for welding and sealing; a solar energy absorption film layer is thermally cast on the inner surface of the vacuum sealing cavity;
the solar energy absorption film layer is composed of nano powder, a dispersing agent, a dispersing medium and a pH regulator;
the nano powder consists of TiN particles and carbon black particles; 2.5g of nano powder particles, 0.35g of dispersing agent and 8gg of pH regulator are added into 100g of dispersing medium. The invention has great absorption efficiency and utilization rate of the sunlight reaching 92 percent.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to experimental data.
The nano powder has nano-scale particle size and large specific surface area, and the absorption efficiency of the film and the coating material to sunlight is higher by utilizing the volume effect and the surface effect of the nano particles when the sunlight irradiates.
The true density of the nano-carbon black particles used in the present invention is 1.85g/cm3The specific surface area of the nano powder is 34-97.2 m2(ii) in terms of/g. The invention has great absorption efficiency and utilization rate of 89-97% to sunlight.
The invention takes NiTiPdCu as a main raw material, the preset phase transition temperature is in the range of 230-250 ℃, the cold and hot heating energy of the alloy is better, and the completely recoverable strain can reach about 5 percent. The preparation method can meet the requirement of a solar heat collector, and the equipment used by the preparation method of the alloy is simple, energy-saving and time-saving.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure should be limited only by the attached claims.

Claims (10)

1. A die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to a vacuum cavity of a solar heat collector comprises a die-casting sealing end cover used by a vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, wherein the die-casting sealing end cover used by the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector is sealed with a glass cylinder of the heat collector to form a vacuum sealing cavity, a solar heat collecting device is arranged in the vacuum sealing cavity, and a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device penetrate through a metal guide pipe of an end cover body for welding and sealing; the solar energy absorption vacuum sealed cavity is characterized in that a solar energy absorption film layer is thermally cast on the inner surface of the vacuum sealed cavity;
the solar energy absorption film layer is composed of nano powder, a dispersing agent, a dispersing medium and a pH regulator;
the nano powder consists of TiN particles and carbon black particles; 2g to 3g of nano powder particles, 0.3g to 0.4g of dispersant and 6g to 10g of pH regulator are added into 100g of dispersion medium.
2. The die-casting sealing end cover assembly applied to the vacuum cavity of the solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the dispersing agent is polyethylene glycol PEG4000, and the dispersing medium is deionized water.
3. The die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to the vacuum cavity of the solar heat collector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH regulator is a mixture of formic acid and ammonia water, and the volume ratio of the formic acid to the ammonia water is 1: 1.5-3; the purity of the formic acid is more than or equal to 90.0 percent; the purity of the ammonia water is 35-40%; the pH value of the pH regulator is 8-10.5.
4. The die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to the vacuum cavity of the solar collector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the TiN particles and carbon black particles are composed in any proportion;
the purity of the nanopowder is greater than 97 wt%.
5. The die-casting sealing end cover assembly applied to the vacuum cavity of the solar collector according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nano powder is 25 nm-80 nm.
6. The die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to the vacuum cavity of the solar heat collector as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metal conduit of the die-casting sealing end cover used in the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector adopts NiTiPdCu alloy instead of stainless steel, and the expansion coefficient of the NiTiPdCu alloy is close to that of the end cover body of the die-casting sealing end cover used in the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector.
7. The die-casting sealing-in end cover combination device applied to the vacuum cavity of the solar collector as claimed in claim 6, wherein the NiTiPdCu alloy comprises, by weight, 10.0-14.5% of nickel, 25.3-35.2% of palladium, 32.5-49.6% of titanium, and the balance of copper.
8. The die-cast sealing end cover assembly applied to the vacuum cavity of the solar collector according to claim 7, wherein the NiTiPdCu alloy preparation comprises:
weighing 10.0-14.5% of nickel, 25.3-35.2% of palladium, 32.5-49.6% of titanium and the balance of copper according to weight percentage;
mixing the weighed nickel, palladium, titanium and copper, putting the mixture into a ceramic pot, adding a ceramic ball, continuously filling argon for 5-10 minutes, and mixing the materials on a planetary ball mill; the mass ratio of the added ceramic balls to the mixture of nickel, palladium, titanium and copper is 6: 1;
pouring the uniformly mixed raw materials into a cylindrical steel die, and putting the cylindrical steel die into a press machine to perform green pressing under the pressure of 150-280 MPa;
and step four, placing the pressed sample in a resistance furnace in a reaction chamber, vacuumizing, filling argon, repeatedly washing, heating at the temperature of 980-1050 ℃ at the heating speed of 15-35 ℃/min, when a large amount of white smoke is emitted from the gas outlet of the resistance furnace, enabling the sample heating curve displayed by a temperature recorder to have a peak value, wherein the mutation temperature is 1200 ℃, then turning off a heating power supply, and introducing argon to rapidly cool the sample at 260 ℃/S after the reaction is finished.
9. The preparation method of the solar energy absorption film layer applied to the die-casting sealing end cover combination device of the vacuum cavity of the solar collector in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding 2-3 g of nano powder particles, 0.3-0.4 g of dispersant and 6-10 g of pH value into 100g of dispersion medium;
and uniformly mixing to obtain stable solar energy absorption thin film layer slurry.
10. The method for preparing a solar energy absorbing thin film layer according to claim 9, wherein the solar energy absorbing thin film layer slurry is injected into the vacuum sealed cavity through an exhaust hole of a die-casting sealing end cover used for the vacuum cavity of the medium-temperature and high-temperature solar heat collector, and the injected solar energy absorbing thin film layer slurry completely submerges a heat medium fluid inlet pipe and a heat medium fluid outlet pipe in the solar heat collecting device.
CN202110665965.2A 2021-06-16 2021-06-16 Die-casting sealing end cover combination device applied to vacuum cavity of solar heat collector Pending CN113375350A (en)

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CN106556172A (en) * 2016-10-11 2017-04-05 西安电子科技大学 A kind of carbon black nano solar absorbent for being applied to solar water heater
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2009257749A (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-11-05 Qinghua Univ Solar collector and solar heating system using same
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Application publication date: 20210910