CN111754848B - Experimental device and method for researching flow heat exchange characteristic of ultrahigh-temperature rare gas - Google Patents
Experimental device and method for researching flow heat exchange characteristic of ultrahigh-temperature rare gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN111754848B CN111754848B CN202010829451.1A CN202010829451A CN111754848B CN 111754848 B CN111754848 B CN 111754848B CN 202010829451 A CN202010829451 A CN 202010829451A CN 111754848 B CN111754848 B CN 111754848B
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Abstract
An experimental device and a method for researching the flow heat exchange characteristics of ultra-high temperature rare gas, wherein the device comprises a gas loop consisting of a gas storage cylinder group, a heating experimental section, a cooling experimental section, a gas-water heat exchanger, a high-pressure gas pump, a vacuum pump, a gas pipeline and a valve on the pipeline; the cooling oil loop consists of an oil storage tank, an oil pump, an oil-water heat exchanger, an oil pipeline and a valve on the pipeline; a cooling water loop consisting of a water tower, a water pump, a water delivery pipeline and valves on the pipeline; the device is used for simulating the flowing heat exchange characteristic of rare gas in the ultrahigh-temperature gas reactor; the experimental loop adopts the high-pressure gas pump and is simultaneously provided with the heating experimental section and the cooling experimental section, so that the experimental study of the heating flow heat exchange characteristic and the experimental study of the cooling flow heat exchange characteristic under different states of the high-temperature rare gas are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal hydraulic power of ultra-high temperature gas reactors, in particular to an experimental device and method for researching flow heat exchange characteristics of ultra-high temperature rare gas.
Background
The ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor has the advantages of high electric energy conversion efficiency, huge potential application market and the like, is a novel nuclear reactor type with development potential, and has continuous attention of researchers in recent years.
The rare gas is used as working medium gas in the ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor, and the heating flow heat exchange characteristic of the rare gas in the reactor core and the cooling flow heat exchange characteristic of the rare gas in the conversion/transfer process of the energy outside the reactor core are important thermal hydraulic phenomena in the ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor. In the reactor core, the rare gas as the working medium needs to be heated to an ultra-high temperature state or above and expanded. The flow heat exchange characteristic and the flow resistance characteristic of the rare gas under the condition of ultrahigh temperature have important significance for the core design of the ultrahigh temperature gas cooled reactor. Outside the reactor core, the rare gas heated to the ultra-high temperature state or above and the two-loop working medium carry out cooling flow heat exchange, the temperature is reduced, and the pressure is reduced. The cooling and heat exchange characteristics of the rare gas for heat transfer in the ultra-high temperature state have important significance for the design of the two-loop heat exchanger. The heating flow heat exchange characteristic and the cooling flow heat exchange characteristic under the ultra-high temperature working condition of the rare gas have important significance for optimizing the design of the ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactor.
Aiming at the research thought, the existing domestic and foreign research scheme has the following defects: 1) lack of research experimental devices for ultra-high temperature noble gases; 2) the experimental device cannot stably run for a long time under the ultra-high temperature working condition; 3) the experimental device is made of tungsten alloy, so the cost is high. These design drawbacks limit the deep study on the flow heat transfer characteristics of the ultra-high temperature rare gas and hinder the development of ultra-high temperature gas cooled reactors.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art and carry out comprehensive experiments on the flow heat exchange characteristics of the ultrahigh-temperature rare gas, the invention aims to provide an experimental device and method for researching the flow heat exchange characteristics of the ultrahigh-temperature rare gas, and a set of complete and effective experimental scheme is provided for researching the flow heat exchange characteristics of the ultrahigh-temperature rare gas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an experimental device for researching the flow heat exchange characteristic of ultrahigh-temperature rare gas comprises a gas loop consisting of a rare gas storage cylinder group A1, a heating flow heat exchange experimental section A2, a cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3, a gas-water heat exchanger A4, a high-pressure gas pump A5, a vacuum pump A6, a valve for controlling the flow of the rare gas and gas pipelines for connecting different parts; the rare gas storage cylinder group A1 is connected with the inlet end of the heating flow heat exchange experimental section A2 through a gas pressure reducing valve 101 and a first gas control valve 111 in sequence; the inlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 is connected with the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 through a second gas control valve 112; the outlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 is directly connected with the gas side inlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3; the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a vacuum pump A6 through a third gas control valve 113 and a gas check valve 102, and the other path is connected with the gas side inlet end of a gas-water heat exchanger A4 through a fourth gas control valve 114 and a gas back pressure valve 103; the gas side outlet end of the gas-water heat exchanger A4 is directly connected with a high-pressure gas pump A5 and is connected with the inlet end of a heating flow heat exchange experimental section A2 through a fifth gas control valve 115; the cooling oil loop is composed of an oil-water heat exchanger B1, an oil storage tank B2, an oil pump B4, a valve for controlling the flow of cooling oil and oil pipelines for connecting different parts; one side of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 is connected with a cooling oil loop, and the other side of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 is connected with a cooling water loop; the cooling oil side outlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 is directly connected with an oil storage tank B2; the oil storage tank B2 is directly connected with an oil pump B4; the oil pump B4 is connected with the cooling oil side inlet end of the air loop cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3 through a cooling oil control valve 211; the cooling oil side outlet end of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3 of the gas loop is connected with the cooling oil side inlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger B1; the cooling water loop is composed of a water tower C1, a water pump C2, a valve for controlling the flow of cooling water and water pipelines connected with different parts; the water inlet end of the water tower C1 is directly connected with the cooling water side outlet end of the gas-water heat exchanger A4 of the gas loop and the cooling water side outlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 of the cooling oil loop; the water outlet end of the water tower C1 is divided into two paths after passing through the water pump C2 and the first water control valve 311, one path is connected with the cooling water side inlet end of the air-water heat exchanger A4 of the air loop through the second water control valve 312, and the other path is connected with the cooling water side inlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 of the cooling oil loop through the third water control valve 313.
In the gas loop, the number of the rare gas storage cylinder groups A1 is 3, any rare gas storage cylinder can be replaced on line, and different types of gases including argon and helium rare gases can be replaced; the gas in the rare gas storage cylinder group A1 controls the outlet pressure through a gas pressure reducing valve 101, and controls the flow rate entering a gas loop through a first gas control valve 111; the gas entering the gas loop passes through the gas side of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 and the gas side of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 to reach the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3, or directly reaches the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 from the inlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 through the second gas control valve 112; then reaches the inlet end of a heating flowing heat exchange test section A2 through a fourth gas control valve 114, a gas back pressure valve 103, a gas side of a gas-water heat exchanger A4, a high-pressure gas pump A5 and a fifth gas control valve 115 to form a gas circulating flowing loop; when the experiment is started for the first time and the gas loop needs to be filled with the experimental rare gas, the original gas in the gas loop is exhausted to the atmosphere through the third gas control valve 113, the gas check valve 102 and the vacuum pump A6, the gas loop is vacuumized, and the impurity gas is removed.
The heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 is a tungsten alloy circular tube, is wrapped by a heat insulation material, directly heats the tungsten alloy circular tube in a direct current loading mode, heats the rare gas in the tungsten alloy circular tube to an ultra-high temperature state or above, achieves an ultra-high temperature working condition, and is used for researching the heating flowing heat exchange characteristic of the rare gas under the ultra-high temperature working condition; the gas channel connecting the outlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 and the gas side inlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 is also made of tungsten alloy materials, and the structural strength of the gas channel under the ultra-high temperature working condition is guaranteed.
The cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3 is of a double-layer sleeve structure, an inner layer sleeve is machined from high-temperature alloy steel which is easy to machine, the cross section of the inner layer sleeve is machined into any geometric shape, and ultrahigh-temperature rare gas flows inside the inner layer sleeve; the outer sleeve is a stainless steel round pipe which can bear pressure; cooling oil from a cooling oil loop is arranged between the double-layer sleeves, an isothermal wall surface condition is provided for the inner-layer high-temperature alloy steel sleeve, and the isothermal wall surface condition is used for researching the cooling flow heat exchange characteristic of the rare gas under the ultra-high temperature working condition; the material of the gas connecting pipeline between the gas side outlet end of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3 and the fourth gas control valve 114 is high-temperature alloy steel, so that the structural strength of the gas channel is ensured.
The second gas control valve 112 mixes unheated rare gas with high-temperature rare gas passing through the gas side of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3, reduces the temperature of the high-temperature rare gas, reduces the temperature resistance requirements of structures and parts, and improves the economical efficiency of experimental devices.
Before the experiment begins, a second gas control valve 112, a third gas control valve 113, a fourth gas control valve 114 and a fifth gas control valve 115 are opened, and a vacuum pump A6 is started to vacuumize a gas loop; adjusting the gas pressure reducing valve 101 and the first gas control valve 111 to enable rare gas to enter the gas loop at a small flow rate to run for no less than 30 minutes, and further exhausting impurity gas in the gas loop; closing the third gas control valve 113 and the vacuum pump A6, adjusting the gas pressure reducing valve 101 to the pressure required by the experiment, adjusting the first gas control valve 111 to make the whole gas loop be slowly filled with the rare gas, and preventing the impact of the loop caused by the rapid filling of the gas loop;
the experiment firstly starts the high-pressure gas pump A5, and the gas flow rate passing through the gas side of the heating flowing heat exchange experiment section A2 and the cooling flowing heat exchange experiment section A3 is adjusted through the second gas control valve 112; opening the cooling oil control valve 211 of the cooling oil circuit, the first water control valve 311, the second water control valve 312, and the third water control valve 313 of the cooling water circuit, and starting the oil pump B4 of the cooling oil circuit and the water pump C2 of the cooling water circuit; starting a direct-current power supply of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2, and adjusting electric power; adjusting a gas backpressure valve 103 to change the backpressure of the gas side of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 and adjust the gas flow rate; adjusting the second gas control valve 112 and the fifth gas control valve 115 stabilizes the gas flow on the gas side of the heating flow heat exchange experimental section a2 and the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3.
Compared with the existing experimental devices at home and abroad, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the heating flow experimental section is a tungsten alloy round tube, has good pressure resistance and high temperature resistance, can heat the rare gas to an ultrahigh temperature working condition, and realizes the research on the heating flow heat exchange characteristic of the ultrahigh temperature rare gas;
2. the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section is of a double-layer sleeve structure, the inner layer sleeve is made of high-temperature alloy steel, the processing performance and the high-temperature resistance are good, the processing of pipelines with any interface shape is realized, and the cooling flow heat exchange characteristic of the ultrahigh-temperature rare gas is researched;
3. the cooling oil is arranged between the double-layer sleeves in the cooling flow heat exchange experiment section, has a boiling point higher than that of water, avoids boiling of the coolant between the double-layer sleeves, and improves safety performance. Meanwhile, the temperature of the outer wall surface of the inner sleeve is improved, and the experimental range is expanded;
4. the temperature of the rare gas passing through the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section is reduced through the control valve connecting the front end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section with the rear end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section, the requirements of other structures and parts in the device on the temperature are reduced, and the economical efficiency of the experimental device is improved.
In a word, the device and the method for researching the flow heat exchange characteristics of the ultrahigh-temperature rare gas can be used for researching the flow heat exchange characteristics of the ultrahigh-temperature rare gas under different working conditions, the whole experimental device is complete in function, rich in phenomenon, safe and economical, and the research on the thermodynamic and hydraulic phenomena of the rare gas in the ultrahigh-temperature gas cooled reactor can be promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
as shown in fig. 1, the experimental apparatus for studying the flow heat exchange characteristic of the ultra-high temperature rare gas comprises a gas loop consisting of a rare gas storage cylinder group a1, a heating flow heat exchange experimental section a2, a cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3, a gas-water heat exchanger a4, a high-pressure gas pump a5, a vacuum pump a6, a valve for controlling the flow of the rare gas, and gas pipelines connected with different parts; the rare gas storage cylinder group A1 is connected with the inlet end of the heating flow heat exchange experimental section A2 through a gas pressure reducing valve 101 and a first gas control valve 111 in sequence; the inlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 is connected with the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 through a second gas control valve 112; the outlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 is directly connected with the gas side inlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3; the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a vacuum pump A6 through a third gas control valve 113 and a gas check valve 102, and the other path is connected with the gas side inlet end of a gas-water heat exchanger A4 through a fourth gas control valve 114 and a gas back pressure valve 103; the gas side outlet end of the gas-water heat exchanger A4 is directly connected with a high-pressure gas pump A5 and is connected with the inlet end of a heating flow heat exchange experimental section A2 through a fifth gas control valve 115; the cooling oil loop is composed of an oil-water heat exchanger B1, an oil storage tank B2, an oil pump B4, a valve for controlling the flow of cooling oil and oil pipelines for connecting different parts; one side of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 is connected with a cooling oil loop, and the other side of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 is connected with a cooling water loop; the cooling oil side outlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 is directly connected with an oil storage tank B2; the oil storage tank B2 is directly connected with an oil pump B4; the oil pump B4 is connected with the cooling oil side inlet end of the air loop cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3 through a cooling oil control valve 211; the cooling oil side outlet end of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3 of the gas loop is connected with the cooling oil side inlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger B1; the cooling water loop is composed of a water tower C1, a water pump C2, a valve for controlling the flow of cooling water and water pipelines connected with different parts; the water inlet end of the water tower C1 is directly connected with the cooling water side outlet end of the gas-water heat exchanger A4 of the gas loop and the cooling water side outlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 of the cooling oil loop; the water outlet end of the water tower C1 is divided into two paths after passing through the water pump C2 and the first water control valve 311, one path is connected with the cooling water side inlet end of the air-water heat exchanger A4 of the air loop through the second water control valve 312, and the other path is connected with the cooling water side inlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger B1 of the cooling oil loop through the third water control valve 313.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the rare gas cylinder groups a1 in the gas circuit is 3, and it is possible to replace any one rare gas cylinder on-line, and to replace different kinds of gases, including rare gases such as argon and helium; the gas in the rare gas storage cylinder group A1 controls the outlet pressure through a gas pressure reducing valve 101, and controls the flow rate entering a gas loop through a first gas control valve 111; the gas entering the gas loop passes through the gas side of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 and the gas side of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 to reach the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3, or directly reaches the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 from the inlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 through the second gas control valve 112; then reaches the inlet end of a heating flowing heat exchange test section A2 through a fourth gas control valve 114, a gas back pressure valve 103, a gas side of a gas-water heat exchanger A4, a high-pressure gas pump A5 and a fifth gas control valve 115 to form a gas circulating flowing loop; when the experiment is started for the first time and the gas loop needs to be filled with the experimental rare gas, the original gas in the gas loop is exhausted to the atmosphere through the third gas control valve 113, the gas check valve 102 and the vacuum pump A6, the gas loop is vacuumized, and the impurity gas is removed.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heating, flowing and heat exchanging experimental section a2 is a tungsten alloy circular tube, is wrapped with a heat-insulating material, and directly heats the tungsten alloy circular tube in the form of loading direct current, so as to heat the rare gas in the tungsten alloy circular tube to an ultra-high temperature state or above, so as to reach an ultra-high temperature working condition, and is used for researching the heating, flowing and heat exchanging characteristics of the rare gas under the ultra-high temperature working condition; the gas channel connecting the outlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2 and the gas side inlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 is also made of tungsten alloy materials, and the structural strength of the gas channel under the ultra-high temperature working condition is guaranteed.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section a3 is a double-layer sleeve structure, the inner sleeve is processed by high-temperature alloy steel which is easy to process, the cross section of the inner sleeve is processed into any geometric shape, and ultrahigh-temperature rare gas flows inside the inner sleeve; the outer sleeve is a stainless steel round pipe which can bear pressure; cooling oil from a cooling oil loop is arranged between the double-layer sleeves, an isothermal wall surface condition is provided for the inner-layer high-temperature alloy steel sleeve, and the isothermal wall surface condition is used for researching the cooling flow heat exchange characteristic of the rare gas under the ultra-high temperature working condition; the material of the gas connecting pipeline between the gas side outlet end of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3 and the fourth gas control valve 114 is high-temperature alloy steel, so that the structural strength of the gas channel is ensured.
The second gas control valve 112 mixes unheated rare gas with high-temperature rare gas passing through the gas side of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3, reduces the temperature of the high-temperature rare gas, reduces the temperature resistance requirements of structures and parts, and improves the economical efficiency of experimental devices.
Before the experiment begins, a second gas control valve 112, a third gas control valve 113, a fourth gas control valve 114 and a fifth gas control valve 115 are opened, and a vacuum pump A6 is started to vacuumize a gas loop; adjusting the gas pressure reducing valve 101 and the first gas control valve 111 to enable rare gas to enter the gas loop at a small flow rate to run for no less than 30 minutes, and further exhausting impurity gas in the gas loop; closing the third gas control valve 113 and the vacuum pump A6, adjusting the gas pressure reducing valve 101 to the pressure required by the experiment, adjusting the first gas control valve 111 to make the whole gas loop be slowly filled with the rare gas, and preventing the impact of the loop caused by the rapid filling of the gas loop;
the experiment firstly starts the high-pressure gas pump A5, and the gas flow rate passing through the gas side of the heating flowing heat exchange experiment section A2 and the cooling flowing heat exchange experiment section A3 is adjusted through the second gas control valve 112; opening the cooling oil control valve 211 of the cooling oil circuit, the first water control valve 311, the second water control valve 312, and the third water control valve 313 of the cooling water circuit, and starting the oil pump B4 of the cooling oil circuit and the water pump C2 of the cooling water circuit; starting a direct-current power supply of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section A2, and adjusting electric power; adjusting a gas backpressure valve 103 to change the backpressure of the gas side of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section A3 and adjust the gas flow rate; adjusting the second gas control valve 112 and the fifth gas control valve 115 stabilizes the gas flow on the gas side of the heating flow heat exchange experimental section a2 and the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section A3.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for research superhigh temperature rare gas flow heat transfer characteristic which characterized in that: the device comprises a gas loop consisting of a rare gas storage bottle group (A1), a heating flowing heat exchange experimental section (A2), a cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section (A3), a gas-water heat exchanger (A4), a high-pressure gas pump (A5), a vacuum pump (A6), a valve for controlling the flow of rare gas and gas pipelines for connecting different parts; the rare gas storage cylinder group (A1) is connected with the inlet end of the heating flow heat exchange experimental section (A2) through a gas pressure reducing valve (101) and a first gas control valve (111) in sequence; the inlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section (A2) is connected with the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section (A3) through a second gas control valve (112); the outlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section (A2) is directly connected with the gas side inlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section (A3); the gas side outlet end of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section (A3) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a vacuum pump (A6) through a third gas control valve (113) and a gas check valve (102), and the other path is connected with the gas side inlet end of a gas-water heat exchanger (A4) through a fourth gas control valve (114) and a gas back pressure valve (103); the gas side outlet end of the gas-water heat exchanger (A4) is directly connected with a high-pressure gas pump (A5) and is connected with the inlet end of a heating flow heat exchange experimental section (A2) through a fifth gas control valve (115); the cooling oil loop is composed of an oil-water heat exchanger (B1), an oil storage tank (B2), an oil pump (B4), a valve for controlling the flow of cooling oil and oil pipelines for connecting different parts; one side of the oil-water heat exchanger (B1) is connected with the cooling oil loop, and the other side of the oil-water heat exchanger (B1) is connected with the cooling water loop; the cooling oil side outlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger (B1) is directly connected with an oil storage tank (B2); the oil storage tank (B2) is directly connected with the oil pump (B4); the oil pump (B4) is connected with the cooling oil side inlet end of the gas loop cooling flow heat exchange experimental section (A3) through a cooling oil control valve (211); the cooling oil side outlet end of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section (A3) of the gas loop is connected with the cooling oil side inlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger (B1); the cooling water loop is composed of a water tower (C1), a water pump (C2), a valve for controlling the flow of cooling water and water pipelines connected with different parts; the water inlet end of the water tower (C1) is directly connected with the cooling water side outlet end of the gas-water heat exchanger (A4) of the gas loop and the cooling water side outlet end of the oil-water heat exchanger (B1) of the cooling oil loop; the water outlet end of the water tower (C1) is divided into two paths after passing through a water pump (C2) and a first water control valve (311), one path is connected with the cooling water side inlet end of a gas-water heat exchanger (A4) of the gas loop through a second water control valve (312), and the other path is connected with the cooling water side inlet end of an oil-water heat exchanger (B1) of the cooling oil loop through a third water control valve (313).
2. The experimental device for researching flow heat exchange characteristics of ultrahigh-temperature rare gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the gas loop, the number of the rare gas storage cylinder groups (A1) is 3, any rare gas storage cylinder can be replaced on line, and different kinds of gases including argon and helium rare gases can be replaced; the gas of the rare gas storage cylinder group (A1) controls the outlet pressure through a gas pressure reducing valve (101), and controls the flow rate entering a gas loop through a first gas control valve (111); the gas entering the gas loop passes through the gas side of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section (A2) and the gas side of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section (A3) to reach the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section (A3), or directly reaches the gas side outlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section (A3) from the inlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section (A2) through a second gas control valve (112); then reaches the inlet end of a heating flowing heat exchange test section (A2) through a fourth gas control valve (114), a gas back pressure valve (103), a gas side of a gas-water heat exchanger (A4), a high-pressure gas pump (A5) and a fifth gas control valve (115) to form a gas circulating flowing loop; when the experiment is started for the first time and the gas loop needs to be filled with the rare gas for the experiment, the original gas in the gas loop is exhausted to the atmosphere through the third gas control valve (113), the gas check valve (102) and the vacuum pump (A6), the gas loop is vacuumized, and the impurity gas is removed.
3. The experimental device for researching flow heat exchange characteristics of ultrahigh-temperature rare gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section (A2) is a tungsten alloy material round tube, is wrapped by a heat insulation material, directly heats the tungsten alloy material round tube in a direct current loading mode, heats the rare gas in the tungsten alloy material round tube to an ultra-high temperature state or above, achieves an ultra-high temperature working condition, and is used for researching the heating flowing heat exchange characteristic of the rare gas under the ultra-high temperature working condition; the gas channel connecting the outlet end of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section (A2) and the gas side inlet end of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section (A3) is also made of tungsten alloy materials, and the structural strength of the gas channel under the ultra-high temperature working condition is guaranteed.
4. The experimental device for researching flow heat exchange characteristics of ultrahigh-temperature rare gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section (A3) is of a double-layer sleeve structure, an inner layer sleeve is machined from high-temperature alloy steel which is easy to machine, the cross section of the inner layer sleeve is machined into any geometric shape, and ultrahigh-temperature rare gas flows inside the inner layer sleeve; the outer sleeve is a stainless steel round pipe which can bear pressure; cooling oil from a cooling oil loop is arranged between the double-layer sleeves, an isothermal wall surface condition is provided for the inner-layer high-temperature alloy steel sleeve, and the isothermal wall surface condition is used for researching the cooling flow heat exchange characteristic of the rare gas under the ultra-high temperature working condition; the material of a gas connecting pipeline between the gas side outlet end of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section (A3) and the fourth gas control valve (114) is high-temperature alloy steel, and the structural strength of a gas channel is ensured.
5. The experimental device for researching flow heat exchange characteristics of ultrahigh-temperature rare gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the second gas control valve (112) mixes unheated rare gas with high-temperature rare gas passing through the gas side of the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section (A3), so that the temperature of the high-temperature rare gas is reduced, the temperature resistance requirements of structures and parts are reduced, and the economical efficiency of the experimental device is improved.
6. The experimental method of the experimental device for researching flow heat exchange characteristics of the ultrahigh-temperature rare gas, as recited in claim 1, is characterized in that: before the experiment is started, a second gas control valve (112), a third gas control valve (113), a fourth gas control valve (114) and a fifth gas control valve (115) are opened, and a vacuum pump (A6) is started to vacuumize a gas loop; adjusting a gas pressure reducing valve (101) and a first gas control valve (111) to enable rare gas to enter a gas loop at a small flow rate to run for no less than 30 minutes, and further exhausting impurity gas in the gas loop; closing the third gas control valve (113) and the vacuum pump (A6), adjusting the gas pressure reducing valve (101) to the pressure required by the experiment, adjusting the first gas control valve (111) to enable the rare gas to slowly fill the whole gas loop, and preventing the gas from quickly filling the loop to impact the loop;
the experiment firstly starts a high-pressure gas pump (A5), and the gas flow rate passing through the gas side of the heating flowing heat exchange experiment section (A2) and the cooling flowing heat exchange experiment section (A3) is adjusted through a second gas control valve (112); opening a cooling oil control valve (211) of the cooling oil circuit, a first water control valve (311), a second water control valve (312) and a third water control valve (313) of the cooling water circuit, and starting an oil pump (B4) of the cooling oil circuit and a water pump (C2) of the cooling water circuit; starting a direct-current power supply of the heating flowing heat exchange experimental section (A2) and adjusting electric power; adjusting a gas backpressure valve (103) to change the backpressure of the gas side of the cooling flowing heat exchange experimental section (A3) and adjust the gas flow rate; the gas flow rates on the gas sides of the heating flow heat exchange experimental section (A2) and the cooling flow heat exchange experimental section (A3) are stabilized by adjusting the second gas control valve (112) and the fifth gas control valve (115).
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| CN111754848B true CN111754848B (en) | 2021-11-09 |
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