CN113374954A - 非金属流体联接器 - Google Patents
非金属流体联接器 Download PDFInfo
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- F16L37/084—Couplings of the quick-acting type in which the connection between abutting or axially overlapping ends is maintained by locking members combined with automatic locking
- F16L37/086—Couplings of the quick-acting type in which the connection between abutting or axially overlapping ends is maintained by locking members combined with automatic locking by means of latching members pushed radially by spring-like elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16L21/06—Joints with sleeve or socket with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe-ends
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16L25/01—Constructive types of pipe joints not provided for in groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00 ; Details of pipe joints not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrically conducting or insulating means specially adapted for realising electrical conduction between the two pipe ends of the joint or between parts thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种合并有电流传输元件的非金属流体联接器。联接器由两个非金属、非导电材料的C形半部形成,其中每个半部均包括一体的铰链和闩锁,或者包括由与C形半部共同的材料制成的铰链和闩锁。可以将非金属的、基本上刚性的密封套筒合并到联接器中以密封联接器,同时维持联接器的强度。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及联接器(coupling)组件,并且更具体地涉及使用密封套筒的非金属流体联接器组件。
背景技术
联接器组件用于诸如航空航天等多个行业内的流体系统中。流体系统的类型包括而不限于飞行器内的燃料系统或废水系统。由于这些系统包括允许流体传输的多个管组件,因此必须使用联接器组件将它们连结在一起,所述联接器组件必须形成牢靠的密封,各接头内的挠性最小,并允许电流从一个管流向下一个管。没有适当的密封时可能会发生泄漏,在诸如燃料或易燃液体等的某些情况下,泄漏可能会导致灾难性故障。电流流动需要消散静电,以防止在流体系统内部或附近形成火花。
使用两个流体管形成这些系统内的接头,所述两个流体管机械地附接到套圈适配器(ferrule adapter)、翻盖式联接器(clamshell like coupling)、密封套筒或密封体、以及两个密封件(诸如O形环)。首先将O形环放置在套圈适配器上的周向槽内。然后将密封套筒或密封体滑到两个O形环上。O形环和密封套筒之间的界面提供了径向流体密封。为了防止套圈适配器在轴向上拉开,将翻盖式联接器放置在套圈适配器周围。套圈适配器上容纳O形环的槽与联接器上的护圈半部唇缘之间的界面提供轴向密封。由于安装在联接器上的铰链和闩锁机构,该联接器能够保持在关闭位置。
联接器组件在过去由金属材料制成。这些金属构件较重,随着时间的流逝容易受到腐蚀,并且可能导致飞行器的雷电防护能力出现问题。
本发明涉及用于整个联接器组件的密封套筒和联接器。
发明内容
本发明构造成具有非金属材料制成的构件,所述非金属材料为诸如塑料、复合材料、聚合物、玻璃纤维或这些材料的组合等的材料。例如,护圈半部(retainer half)可以由PEEK制成,并且具有与现有的金属联接器相同的界面尺寸。密封套筒或密封体也可以由诸如玻璃纤维等的非金属材料制成,并且具有与金属密封套筒相同的界面尺寸。使用相同的界面尺寸允许金属联接器组件内的部件与本发明的非金属部件之间的互换。例如,现有的金属联接器组件中的金属联接器可以由本发明的非金属联接器替代,或者现有的金属联接器组件中的金属密封套筒可以由如本文所述的非金属(例如,玻璃纤维)密封套筒替代。根据要替代的部件的金属或金属合金,利用本发明的部件替代现有的金属部件,可以省去多达百分之七十(70%)的重量。
非金属的联接器护圈半部具有半筒形形状,并且当联接器闭合时,联接器组件形成近乎完美的筒形形状。这些护圈半部在相对的两侧具有两个唇缘(lip),所述唇缘被设计为用于在联接器闭合时与套圈适配器唇缘相接。联接器的内径略大于密封套筒或密封体的外径,使得当联接器处于闭合位置时,密封套筒或密封体能够在轴向和径向两者上装配在联接器内。
可以使用插入到铰链中的单个销将非金属联接器护圈半部组装在一起。与具有组装到铰链和闩锁机构中的许多较小部件的金属联接器不同,本发明的铰链和闩锁两者都被合并到护圈半部中,以减少零件数量并使组装时间最小化。当不是一体形成时,非金属联接器的铰链和闩锁优选地由与护圈半部相同的材料制成。一体的闩锁机构和铰链机构的组合允许联接器像“蛤壳”一样开闭。
密封套筒或密封体可以由诸如玻璃纤维等的非金属材料制成,并且该部件在两个邻接的管之间提供密封,每个管均具有套圈适配器和O形环。密封套筒由相对坚硬的材料制成和/或最终制出的零件是坚硬且几乎不挠曲的。每个套圈适配器均具有由内唇缘和外唇缘形成的周向槽,该槽允许O形环位于其中。密封套筒的内径略大于套圈适配器的内唇缘和外唇缘的外径,使得可以将密封套筒安装在O形环和套圈适配器的组合上,形成不透流体的密封。密封套筒根据来自流体系统的内压在径(箍)向上提供强度。O形环或密封件的组合以及套圈适配器与密封套筒的装配在每个接头内提供了挠性(flexibility)。
当联接器绕着组装后的套圈适配器、密封套筒和O形环闭合时,护圈半部的唇缘接合到套圈适配器的外唇缘,并防止两个独立的套圈适配器和管在轴向上分离。
使用与两个管都接触的结合机构越过联接器形成一个或多个电触点,并允许电流从一个管流到另一管。结合机构优选地由包括而不限于金属的导电材料制成。结合机构沿轴向位于联接器护圈半部的表面上,以提供从一个管到另一管的接触。结合装置以允许护圈半部的特征将结合片(bonding tab)保持就位而不可能使结合片脱落的方式附接到护圈半部。包覆成型(overmolding)和/或声波熔接是制造工艺的示例,所述制造工艺将允许护圈半部保持结合片就位。
本发明的优点在于,非金属联接器和密封套筒可以用于现有的金属联接器组件设计。现有技术的联接器设计试图用挠性的密封套筒来替代套圈适配器,该挠性的密封套筒使用粘合剂或密封剂连接或附接到流体管。然而,由于这些设计没有利用套圈适配器并且需要改变密封套筒,所以这种现有技术的联接器的接口比本发明的适应性差并且存在更多的问题。本发明允许与现有的金属组件的部件互换,包括利用本发明的非金属零件替代金属联接器或密封套筒。
对于通常的金属联接器组件,由于所涉及的部件的数量,闩锁机构和铰链机构可以由不同的材料制成。本发明将闩锁机构和铰链机构合并到护圈半部中,并且铰链机构可以由与护圈半部相同的材料制成。铰链机构和闩锁机构通过注塑成型或类似的制造工艺合并到护圈半部中。这种改进导致更少的零件数量和更少的组装时间。另外,本发明在没有金属弹簧的情况下依靠非金属材料的自然挠性来使联接器闩锁/解锁,并且因为材料优选地不是挠性材料,所以密封套筒不挠曲或几乎不挠曲。在本发明的密封件中提供挠性或运动的是O形环或密封件以及密封套筒和套圈适配器之间的装配。
以下参考附图和本发明的详细说明,将最优地理解本发明的这些和其它特征。
附图说明
图1是本发明的联接器的第一实施方式的斜视立体图;
图2是图1的联接器的立体分解图;
图3是图1的实施方式的纵向截面图;和
图4是图1的实施方式的轴向截面图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2示出了本发明的第一实施方式,其包括将第一管12与第二管14配合在一起的流体管道联接器10。每个管组件12、14均形成有围绕着管端的并且如本领域公知地用于将管配合在一起的套圈适配器16。联接器10由C形的第一半部20和C形的第二半部22形成,C形的第一半部20和C形的第二半部22通过铰链24在第一圆周位置处保持在一起,并且通过闩锁26在第二圆周位置处可释放地闭合。四个等间隔的结合装置28围绕联接器定位,并且通过使护圈半部20、22的凸起部30向外突出到护圈半部的外表面上来保持每个结合就位。闩锁机构26包括可以与C形的第二半部22一体形成的基座32,并且两个面向下的带倒钩的突出部34从基座32起在周向上朝向半部20延伸。如图所示,半部20包括接收带倒钩的突出部34以使第二半部22与第一半部20闩锁的肩部36。此外,第一半部20可以具有单个面向上的带倒钩的突出部38,突出部38以能穿过基座32中的孔40而被捕获在凸沿(ledge)42上的方式在带倒钩的突出部34之间周向地延伸。带倒钩的突出部34、38随着相应的半部的直径的扩大增加而固定到相应的配合的相反半部,从而迫使带倒钩的突出部以更大的力与配合表面接合。通过向下按压带倒钩的突出部38并向上抬起带倒钩的突出部34以分别释放对凸沿42和肩部36的接触,可以容易地释放半部20、22。应该理解,其它连接类型也是可用的,并且是本发明的一部分。
铰链24的部件和闩锁26的部件可以使用在制造期间成型在一起的非金属材料与联接器10的半部20、22一体地形成。即,半部20可以与铰链支架(hinge bearing)44、凸沿36和面向上的带倒钩的突出部38一体地形成为单个单元。类似地,半部22可以与铰链支架46、基座32和面向下突出的带倒钩的突出部34形成为单个单元。仅需要销48即可完成联接器10的组装。
图3示出了联接器10的第一截面图,其中第一流体管12和第二流体管14在它们各自的套圈适配器16处连结。套圈适配器16形成有周向的O形环槽50、52。每个O形环槽均接收柔性的O形环(为清楚起见,略去),该O形环紧靠套圈适配器16并被密封套筒压缩,以防止越过径向密封的泄漏。因为铰链24和闩锁26是非金属的并且与联接器的半部20、22成为一体,所以不存在能够产生火花或电短路的越过联接器的电路径。联接器10装配在套圈适配器16的外唇缘和密封套筒54的外唇缘上以捕获并密封相配合的管,从而提供轴向密封。由于密封套筒、O形环和联接器的装配以及O形环密封件,这种配置允许一定程度的挠曲。密封形成在紧靠位于套圈适配器16上的O形环密封件的密封套筒54处,以防止径向泄漏。以这种方式,在径向和轴向两个方向上密封接头,同时允许接头的一定程度的挠曲。
图4示出了联接器10的侧视图,其示出了一体化状态的闩锁26和一体化状态的铰链24。每个半部20、22均可以由非金属材料制成,诸如塑料、复合材料、聚合物、玻璃纤维或这些材料的组合等的材料。例如,半部20、22可以由PEEK制成,其界面尺寸与现有的金属联接器相同。密封套筒54和半部20、22也可以由诸如玻璃纤维等的非金属材料制成,其界面尺寸与现有的金属密封套筒相同。相同的界面尺寸允许使用替代的非金属联接器在现有的金属联接器组件内的部件之间进行互换。例如,如本发明所教导的,可以用本发明的非金属联接器替代已有的金属联接器组件中的金属联接器,或者可以用玻璃纤维密封套筒替代已有的金属联接器组件中的金属密封套筒。
在图4中可以看到非金属联接器半部20、22具有半筒形或C形,并且当联接器10闭合时,联接器组件具有近似完美的筒形。联接器10的内径可以略大于密封套筒54的外径,使得当联接器10处于如图所示的闭合位置时,密封套筒54能够在轴向和径向两者上装配在联接器内。
可以使用插入到相配合的结构44、46处的铰链24中的单个销48将非金属联接器护圈半部20、22组装在一起。与具有组装到铰链和闩锁机构中的许多较小部件的金属联接器不同,本发明的铰链24和闩锁26都被一体地合并到护圈半部中并且形成为单个单元以减少零件数量并使组装时间最小化。在另一个实施方式中,非金属联接器10的铰链24和闩锁26不是一体的,而是由与护圈半部20、22相同的材料制成。闩锁26和铰链24协作配合,像“蛤壳”那样开闭联接器10。因为在优选实施方式中,铰链和闩锁被合并到护圈半部中,所以护圈半部可以与本申请所规定的情况相同或不同。
密封套筒54可以由诸如玻璃纤维等的非金属材料制成,并且该部件在均具有套圈适配器16和O形环的两个邻接的管12、14之间提供密封。密封套筒54由相对坚硬的材料制成和/或最终制出的构件是坚硬且几乎不挠曲的。在某些其它实施方式中,O形环可以用其它密封件替代。密封套筒54的内径比套圈适配器唇缘的外径稍大。套圈适配器法兰的外唇缘和内唇缘在密封套筒54的附近形成槽,O形环位于该槽中。因此可以将密封套筒安装在O形环和套圈适配器16的组合上以形成不透流体的密封。密封套筒54根据来自流体系统的内压在径(箍)向上提供强度。O形环或密封件的组合以及套圈适配器16与密封套筒54的装配允许每个接头内具有挠性。
当联接器10围绕相应的管12、14的组装后的套圈适配器16、密封套筒54以及O形环闭合时,“C”形轮廓和法兰防止两个独立的套圈适配器和管沿轴向分离。护圈半部20、22施加在套圈适配器的外唇缘上的力提供了沿着管线的轴向强度。联接器还在径(箍)向上提供了额外的密封。
结合机构28接触连接到管12、14的型锻套圈16,并允许电流从一个管流向另一管。结合机构28由包括而不限于金属的导电材料制成。结合机构28沿轴向定位在联接器护圈半部20、22的表面上,以提供从一个管到另一管的接触。尽管示出了具有四个结合机构,但是在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下,可以或多或少地增加或减少结合机构。结合机构以允许联接器10的非金属材料在结合装置28上成型以将结合装置固定到位、同时允许电接触的方式附接到它们的相应的护圈半部。护圈半部包括可具有各种形状、尺寸和数量的挤出式凸起部30,凸起部30在结合装置上成型或重塑以将结合装置保持就位。
尽管已经在本公开和附图中说明和描绘了某些实施方式,但是本发明并不旨在限于任何具体说明或描绘的实施方式。而是,本领域普通技术人员将容易懂得和理解,可以在所述的实施方式中进行许多变型和替换,并且本发明的范围旨在包括所有这样的变型和替换。因此,除非明确说明,否则本发明的范围不限于此,并且本发明的范围由所附权利要求并使用所附权利要求的与这些说明和附图一致的清楚和通常的含义来适当地衡量。
Claims (11)
1.一种流体联接器,其用于使第一流体管和第二流体管连结,所述第一流体管和所述第二流体管在各自的配合端处均具有套圈适配器,所述联接器包括:
第一半筒形元件和第二半筒形元件,所述第一半筒形元件和所述第二半筒形元件配合形成筒形联接器,所述第一半筒形元件和所述第二半筒形元件由非金属材料形成;
第一铰链元件和第二铰链元件,所述第一铰链元件一体地形成于相应的所述第一半筒形元件,所述第二铰链元件一体地形成于相应的所述第二半筒形元件,用于使所述第一半筒形元件和所述第二半筒形元件枢转以开闭所述联接器;
闩锁,其可释放地连接所述第一半筒形元件和所述第二半筒形元件;
销,其穿过所述第一铰链元件和所述第二铰链元件;
非金属密封套筒,其定位成邻近每个流体管的所述套圈适配器以密封所述联接器;和
导电结合机构,其形成于所述联接器,并且适于当所述联接器处于闭合位置时与所述第一流体管和所述第二流体管形成电接触,从而将电从所述第一流体管传导到所述第二流体管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述联接器还包括多个导电结合机构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述闩锁包括分别位于所述第一半筒形元件和所述第二半筒形元件的每一者上的带倒钩的突出部,所述带倒钩的突出部适于接合位于另一半筒形元件上的配合表面以可释放地锁定所述联接器。
4.根据权利要求3所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述闩锁包括位于所述第一半筒形元件上的带倒钩的突出部,该带倒钩的突出部与所述第二半筒形元件接合以可释放地锁定所述联接器。
5.根据权利要求4所述的联接器,其特征在于,第一半筒形元件上的所述带倒钩的突出部介于所述第二半筒形元件上的两个带倒钩的突出部之间。
6.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述第一半筒形元件和所述第二半筒形元件由复合材料制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述第一半筒形元件和所述第二半筒形元件由聚合物制成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述第一半筒形元件和所述第二半筒形元件由塑料制成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述密封套筒由玻璃纤维制成。
10.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,所述密封套筒的外径小于所述半筒形元件的内径,使得所述密封套筒能够在轴向和径向尺寸上位于所述联接器中。
11.根据权利要求1所述的联接器,其特征在于,通过将用于形成C形的筒形元件的材料成型在所述结合机构上,将所述结合机构附接到相应的C形的筒形元件。
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US16/813,592 US11608917B2 (en) | 2020-03-09 | 2020-03-09 | Non-metallic fluid coupling |
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US20210278021A1 (en) | 2021-09-09 |
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