CN113370489B - Screw extruder with water-rotating cavity - Google Patents
Screw extruder with water-rotating cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN113370489B CN113370489B CN202110783399.5A CN202110783399A CN113370489B CN 113370489 B CN113370489 B CN 113370489B CN 202110783399 A CN202110783399 A CN 202110783399A CN 113370489 B CN113370489 B CN 113370489B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/51—Screws with internal flow passages, e.g. for molten material
- B29C48/515—Screws with internal flow passages, e.g. for molten material for auxiliary fluids, e.g. foaming agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/52—Screws with an outer diameter varying along the longitudinal axis, e.g. for obtaining different thread clearance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/59—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
- B29C48/832—Heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
- B29C48/834—Cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/84—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders by heating or cooling the feeding screws
- B29C48/85—Cooling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a screw extruder with a spiral water cavity.A spiral rib plate is arranged between a screw barrel and a water cavity sleeve corresponding to a spiral water channel extrusion barrel of an extrusion barrel, the spiral rib plate divides a cavity between the screw barrel and the water cavity sleeve into spiral water cavities, and a spiral water channel is arranged in each spiral water cavity; the screw body that extrudes the screw rod on the screw body is extended to the homogenization section from reinforced section through the melting section, still is provided with the melting flight on the screw body that the melting section corresponds, and the central point of screw body puts and is provided with the screw rod chamber of leading to water, and this screw rod chamber of leading to water is the blind hole structure, is provided with the raceway in the screw rod chamber of leading to water, and the interval is provided with a plurality of water conservancy diversion spiral shells on this raceway. The screw extruder not only can effectively control the extrusion working temperature and avoid the fluctuation of the working temperature, but also can form strong shearing and mixing effects on materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to screw extruder equipment, in particular to a screw extruder for melting and plasticizing a high polymer material into a glue film.
Background
The screw extruder is a mechanical device for melting and plasticizing a high polymer material to form a uniform melt, so that the high polymer material is converted from a glass state to a viscous flow state, and a certain pressure is established in the process and is continuously extruded and conveyed to a machine head die by a screw. Thus, extruders play an important role in the quality and yield of the extrusion process.
In order to improve the extrusion quality of semi-finished adhesive films, besides selecting a proper screw extruder configuration, screw geometric parameters, feeding devices and a head runner on equipment, the heating temperature of each section of the screw extruder is particularly important for the adhesive film quality in the aspect of extrusion process conditions. The correct heating temperature can improve the plasticizing effect of the rubber material, and can not cause overhigh extrusion temperature. The method adopts the traditional forced cooling method, the temperature of the extruded semi-finished product is high and the semi-finished product is half-cooked (bad plasticization), in order to reduce the extrusion temperature, chilled water with zero degree of centigrade or even lower is used, but as the viscosity and hardness of the rubber material of the extrusion system are high under the condition of low temperature, strong shearing is generated between the rubber material and a screw rod and a machine barrel, and strong internal friction is generated between the rubber material and the rubber material, so that the temperature is increased; meanwhile, the high-viscosity rubber material is difficult to flow and mix in an extrusion system, so that the plasticizing is not uniform, the temperature cannot be reduced, but is higher, irregular paste is generated in an extruded material, the extrusion process is seriously disabled, and the quality problem of a semi-finished product of a cold feeding extruder is serious. The heating temperature of each section of the extrusion system can be effectively controlled by adopting hot water circulation to control the heating temperature, but because the contact area and the contact path of the circulating hot water with the extrusion charging barrel and the screw rod are shorter, the glue between the charging barrel and the screw rod cannot fully exchange heat with the circulating hot water to form heating temperature fluctuation, the fluctuation of the working temperature can cause scorching of the melting material, and can also cause non-uniform components and insufficient material mixing. Therefore, the structural design of the extruder and the accurate constant control of the working temperature ensure the mixing capability, the dispersive mixing efficiency and the extrusion stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a screw extruder with a water-spinning cavity, which not only can effectively control the extrusion working temperature and avoid the fluctuation of the working temperature, but also can form strong shearing and mixing effects on materials.
In order to solve the technical problem, the screw extruder with the water spinning cavity comprises a rack, wherein an extrusion motor, a gearbox and an extrusion barrel are fixedly arranged on the rack, the extrusion barrel is rotatably supported with an extrusion screw, the extrusion motor drives the extrusion screw through the gearbox, a feed hopper is also fixedly arranged on the rack, the extrusion barrel comprises a feed barrel, a zero material feed barrel and a spiral water channel extrusion barrel which are fixedly connected with each other, a water cavity sleeve is sleeved outside the screw barrel of the zero material feed barrel and the spiral water channel extrusion barrel, and a heating ring is sleeved on the water cavity sleeve; a spiral rib plate is arranged between the screw cylinder and the water cavity sleeve corresponding to the spiral water channel extruding cylinder, the cavity between the screw cylinder and the water cavity sleeve is divided into a spiral water cavity by the spiral rib plate, and a spiral water channel is arranged in the spiral water cavity; a zero material section water channel is arranged between a screw cylinder and a water cavity sleeve corresponding to the zero material feeding cylinder section, a zero material inlet is arranged on the screw cylinder of the zero material feeding cylinder section, and the zero material inlet sequentially penetrates through the screw cylinder and the water cavity sleeve) and a heating ring to be led to the outer side of the extrusion cylinder; the extrusion screw comprises a screw body, wherein a feeding section, a melting section, a homogenizing section and a mixing section are sequentially arranged on the screw body, an extrusion screw pitch on the screw body extends from the feeding section to the homogenizing section through the melting section, a melting screw pitch is also arranged on the screw body corresponding to the melting section, the ratio of the melting screw pitch T1 of the melting screw pitch to the extrusion screw pitch T of the extrusion screw pitch T is T1/T = (1.06-1.08): 1, the diameter D3 of a melting groove on the screw body is greater than the diameter D2 of the melting screw and less than the diameter D4 of the melting screw pitch, the diameter D4 of the melting screw pitch is less than the diameter D5 of the extrusion screw pitch, and the width S of the extrusion screw pitch is greater than the width S1 of the melting screw pitch; the screw rod body is provided with a screw rod water through cavity at the central position, the screw rod water through cavity is of a blind hole structure, a water delivery pipe is arranged in the screw rod water through cavity, and a plurality of flow guide spiral sheets are arranged on the water delivery pipe at intervals.
In the screw extruder, firstly, the multi-layer structure of the screw barrel, the water cavity sleeve and the heating ring is sequentially arranged on the barrel wall of the charging barrel of the extruder from inside to outside, the heating ring provides external heat energy for materials between the charging barrel and the screw from the outside, and friction and shearing caused by rotation of the screw form extrusion internal heat, so that a stable heat source is formed, and the heat preservation and constant temperature effects are realized; particularly, a water cavity sleeve is sleeved outside the screw cylinder, a spiral rib plate is arranged between the screw cylinder and the water cavity sleeve corresponding to the extrusion charging barrel, the spiral rib plate is divided into a spiral water cavity and a spiral water channel, the heat transfer and heat conduction area of the extrusion charging barrel and the heat transfer and heat conduction path of water flow in the water cavity are greatly increased by the arrangement of the spiral water cavity, the heat transfer speed and the heat transfer efficiency of the water flow in the water cavity and a charging barrel body are greatly improved by the increase of the heat conduction area and the path, the formation of constant temperature of the charging barrel is effectively ensured, the structure also easily realizes the timely and stable regulation and control of the temperature of the charging barrel, the fluctuation of the working temperature of the charging barrel is avoided, the phenomenon of scorching caused by overhigh working temperature is avoided, the phenomenon of poor entrainment dispersion mixing effect and uneven material components caused by overlow working temperature is also avoided, and the spiral water cavity and spiral water channel structure ensures that the extruder can reliably work within a set process temperature range, constant temperature heating control is realized.
The extrusion cylinder is also provided with the zero material feeding cylinder, and the zero material feeding cylinder is provided with the zero material section water channel and the zero material inlet, so that the recycling of the rim charge and the zero material formed in the extrusion film processing process can be realized, and the working temperature of the zero material feeding section can be effectively controlled and stabilized.
The screw body of the extrusion screw is sequentially provided with a feeding section, a melting section, a homogenizing section and a mixing section; the screw body is provided with a melting screw edge, when the materials of the melting structure and the solid particles of the body melt through the melting screw edge, the materials are in vortex-shaped circulation, so that the materials are subjected to strong shearing action, the mixing action is further enhanced, the tail end of the screw body is also provided with a mixing section, and the materials in the melting state are mixed intensively again, so that the effect of mixing action is further improved and enhanced.
The ratio T1/T of the melting pitch T1 of the melting ribs to the extrusion pitch T of the extrusion ribs is controlled within the proportion range of (1.06-1.08): 1, the pitch difference of the extrusion ribs and the melting ribs continuously increases and changes the reflux and swirling flow proportion of the molten material and the unmelted solid material between the ribs, the reflux effect is enhanced, and the mixing effect is fully enhanced; the reasonable T1/T ratio fully ensures the mixing effect in the melting stage; the bottom diameter D3 of the melting tank is larger than the diameter D2 of the melting screw and smaller than the diameter D4 of the melting ridge, and the diameter D4 of the melting ridge top is smaller than the diameter D5 of the extruding ridge top, so that the residence time of the materials in the melting screw section is increased, the shearing effect and the dispersing and mixing effect are enhanced, and the extrusion effect on the materials is gradually enhanced.
The screw water cavity with the blind hole structure is arranged at the center of the screw body, the water conveying pipe is arranged in the screw water conveying cavity, the plurality of flow guide spiral sheets are arranged on the water conveying pipe at intervals, the water conveying cavity and the water conveying pipe are arranged on the screw body, the screw temperature-controlled and temperature-regulated water flow back flow channel is formed, the adjustment and control of the temperature of the screw are strengthened, the flow guide spiral sheets on the water conveying pipe strengthen the path and time of heat conduction of water flow and the screw body, the adjustment and control of the temperature of the screw body are facilitated, the spiral water cavity and the spiral water channel on the charging barrel and the water conveying pipe on the screw act together, the working temperature of an extruder is controlled accurately and constantly, and the quality of extruded sizing material semi-finished products is effectively guaranteed.
In a further embodiment of the invention, one end of the feeding cylinder is fixedly connected with the extrusion charging cylinder, the other end of the feeding cylinder is fixedly connected with a mounting flange, and the feeding cylinder is also provided with a feeding hole. And the discharge hole of the feed hopper is communicated with the feed inlet of the feed cylinder. The feeding, the installation and the maintenance are convenient and smooth.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the extruding cylinder includes a plurality of spiral water channels, two ends of each spiral water channel are respectively communicated with a corresponding water cavity port one and a corresponding water cavity port two, and two ends of a zero material section water channel on the zero material feeding cylinder are respectively communicated with a water channel port one and a water channel port two. The heating ring adopts a ceramic electric heater or a ceramic heater. The sectional accurate adjustment and control of the temperature of the extruder can be realized; the ceramic heater has the characteristics of quick heat transfer and flexible and convenient installation.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the screw body is of a split structure, the diameter D1 of the feeding section of the screw body is equal to the diameter D2 of the melting section of the screw, and the diameter D6 of the homogenizing section of the screw body is greater than the diameter D2 of the melting section of the screw. The ratio of the melting pitch T1 to the extrusion pitch T, T1/T =1.07: 1. The ratio of the melt flight width S1 to the extrusion flight width S, S1/S = (0.50-0.65) = (1). Is beneficial to improving the mixing and dispersing effect of the screw and generates stronger melt mixing flow.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation directions of the adjacent guide spiral pieces are the same or opposite. Is favorable for strengthening the heat transfer between the water flow and the screw.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the kneading segment includes a screw body and kneading pins provided on the screw body. Further, the melt is subjected to intensive mixing.
Drawings
The screw extruder with a water-spinning cavity of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a screw extruder with a water-spinning cavity according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the extrusion barrel of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a unit of the container of the FIG. 2 construction;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the zero feed cylinder unit of the structure of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the configuration of the extrusion screw in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the extrusion screw of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the water duct of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the feed block extrusion screw of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the melt segment extrusion screw of FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of the homogenizing section and kneading section extrusion screws of FIG. 6.
In the figure, 1-a frame, 2-an extrusion motor, 3-a cooling water pipe, 4-a gearbox, 5-a feeding cylinder, 51-a mounting flange, 52-a feeding hole, 53-a feeding cylinder, 6-a feeding hopper, 7-an extrusion screw, 71-an extrusion screw rib, 72-a melting screw rib, 73-a screw body, 74-a water conveying pipe, 75-a diversion spiral plate, 76-a screw water through cavity, 77-a mixing convex nail, 8-an extrusion discharging cylinder, 81-a heating ring, 82-a water cavity sleeve, 83-a screw cylinder, 84-a spiral rib plate, 85-a spiral water cavity, 86-a spiral water channel, 87-a water cavity port I, 88-a water cavity port II, 89-a zero material inlet, 810-a zero material section water channel, 811-a water channel port I, 812-a water channel port II;
a, a feeding section, B, a melting section, C, a homogenizing section and D, a mixing section.
Detailed Description
In the screw extruder shown in fig. 1, an extruding barrel 8, an extruding motor 2 and a gear box 4 are fixedly mounted on a frame 1 of the screw extruder, an extruding screw 7 is rotatably supported in the extruding barrel 8, the extruding motor 2 drives the extruding screw 7 in the extruding barrel 8 through the gear box 4, a cooling water pipe 3 is further arranged at the outer end of the extruding screw 7, the cooling water pipe 3 is communicated with cooling water cavities in the extruding barrel 8 and the extruding screw 7, and the cooling water pipe 3 is also fixedly mounted on the frame 1. A feed hopper 6 is also fixedly arranged on the frame 1, and the material opening of the feed hopper 6 is communicated with the material inlet 52 of the feed cylinder 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the extrusion barrel 8 includes a feeding barrel 5, a zero-material feeding barrel and a spiral water channel extrusion barrel which are fixedly connected with each other in the axial direction, the zero-material feeding barrel is located between the spiral water channel extrusion barrel and the feeding barrel 5, the left end of a feeding barrel body 53 of the feeding barrel 5 is fixedly connected with the zero-material feeding barrel, and the other end of the zero-material feeding barrel is fixedly connected with the spiral water channel extrusion barrel. The zero material feeding cylinder and the spiral water channel extruding cylinder of the extruding cylinder 8 adopt a multi-unit water channel material cylinder structure and a multi-unit heating ring structure, and the multi-unit water channel material cylinder forming the extruding cylinder is provided with mutually independent cooling water loops. The screw water channel extrusion cylinder in the embodiment is composed of nine unit cylinder sections, a water cavity sleeve 82 is sleeved outside a screw cylinder 83 of the zero material feeding cylinder and the screw water channel extrusion cylinder, a heating ring 81 is sleeved on the water cavity sleeve 82, and the heating ring 81 adopts a ceramic electric heater or a ceramic heater.
As shown in fig. 3, the screw cylinder 83 and the water cavity sleeve 82 of the spiral water channel squeezing cylinder are arranged at intervals, a spiral rib 84 is arranged between the screw cylinder 83 and the water cavity sleeve 82, the spiral rib 84 divides a cavity between the screw cylinder 83 and the water cavity sleeve 82 into a spiral water cavity 85 and a spiral water channel 86, the spiral water channel 86 is arranged in the spiral water cavity 85 and is communicated with the spiral water cavity 85, the spiral water channel 86 is a spiral groove arranged on the outer cylinder wall of the screw cylinder 83, the spiral rib 84 is a spiral rib arranged on the convex edge part of two adjacent spiral grooves, the spiral rib 84 not only divides the spiral water cavity 85 between the screw cylinder 83 and the water cavity sleeve 82, but also plays a supporting and connecting role of the screw cylinder 83 and the water cavity sleeve 82, the spiral rib 84 and the spiral water channel 86 have equal screw pitches, each unit water channel material cylinder section of the spiral water channel squeezing cylinder has a corresponding water cavity port one 87 and a water cavity port two 88, the cooling water flows into the spiral water cavity 85 from the first water cavity port 87 through the spiral water channel 86, and the cooling water in the spiral water cavity 85 flows out through the second water cavity port 88, and vice versa. The independent water cavity cooling circulation system is beneficial to realizing different temperature control and adjustment of each section of the extrusion charging barrel.
As shown in fig. 4, a zero material section water channel 810 is arranged between the screw cylinder 83 and the water cavity sleeve 82 of the zero material feeding cylinder, and the zero material section water channel 810 is a groove arranged on the outer cylinder wall of the screw cylinder 83. A zero material inlet 89 is further installed on the screw cylinder 83 corresponding to the zero material feeding cylinder, the zero material inlet 89 passes through the water cavity sleeve 82 and the heating ring 81 and is communicated with a zero material injection machine outside the extrusion cylinder 8, a water channel groove of the zero material section water channel 810 bypasses the zero material inlet 89 on the screw cylinder 83, one end of the zero material section water channel 810 is a water channel I811, the other end of the zero material section water channel is a water channel II 812, and cooling water flows from the water channel I811 to the water channel II 812 through the zero material section water channel 810, so that a circulating cooling water path of the zero material feeding cylinder is formed.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the extrusion screw 7 includes a screw body 73, and a feeding section a, a melting section B, a homogenizing section C, and a kneading section D are provided on the screw body 73 in this order from the screw driving end to the material extruding end. An extrusion flight 71 on the screw body 73 extends from the feed section a through the melt section B to the homogenization section C. The central position of the screw body 73 is provided with a screw water through cavity 76, the screw water through cavity 76 is of a blind hole structure, a water conveying pipe 74 is arranged in the screw water through cavity 76, a water return channel is formed between the inner cavity wall of the screw water through cavity 76 and the outer pipe wall of the water conveying pipe 74, and cooling water is conveyed to the screw water through cavity 76 through the water conveying pipe 74 and then flows out through the water return channel of the screw water through cavity 76. The screw body 73 is formed by screwing a plurality of sections into each other by a screw thread.
As shown in fig. 7, a plurality of flow guiding spiral sheets 75 are equidistantly installed on the outer wall of the water pipe 74, the outer diameter of the flow guiding spiral sheets 75 is smaller than the inner diameter of the screw water passing cavity 76, and the spiral directions of the flow guiding spiral sheets 76 are the same. In order to improve the heat conduction effect of the cooling water in the cavity of the screw water passing cavity 76, the rotation directions of the adjacent guide spiral pieces 76 can be opposite.
As shown in fig. 8, the water pipe 74 in the screw water passing cavity 76 of the feeding section extrusion screw and the guide spiral sheet 75 on the water pipe 74 have an extrusion screw rib 71 with an extrusion screw pitch T on the outer side of the screw body 73, the extrusion screw rib 71 has an extrusion screw rib width S, and the feeding screw diameter D1.
As shown in fig. 9, in a screw water passing cavity 76 of the melting section extrusion screw, a water conveying pipe 74 and a flow guide spiral sheet 75 thereon are also arranged, an extrusion screw rib 71 and a melting screw rib 72 with the same rotation direction are arranged on a screw body 73, the ratio of the melting pitch T1 of the melting screw rib 72 to the extrusion pitch T of the extrusion screw rib 71 is T1/T =1.07:1, the pitch ratio T1/T is controlled to be (1.06-1.08): 1, so as to obtain the best extrusion, shearing and mixing effects, the melting tank bottom diameter D3 on the screw body 73 is larger than the melting screw diameter D2 and smaller than the melting screw rib top diameter D4, the melting screw rib top diameter D4 is also smaller than the extrusion screw rib top diameter D5, and the extrusion screw rib width S is larger than the melting screw rib width S1.
As shown in fig. 10, the screw water passage chamber 76 of the core of the screw body 73 extends from the feeding section a, the melting section B and the homogenizing section C to a position inside the end of the kneading section D, thereby forming a blind hole, and the extrusion flight 71 on the screw body 73 extends to the homogenizing section C. The outer diameter of the screw body 73 of the kneading section D is smaller than that of the screw body 73 of the homogenizing section C. A plurality of mixing convex nails 77 arranged along the radial direction are arranged on the screw body 73 of the mixing section D, and the diameter of the cylindrical surface where the nail tops of the mixing convex nails 77 are positioned is smaller than the diameter of the inner cylinder of the screw water through cavity 76.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a screw extruder with water rotating cavity, includes frame (1), fixed mounting has extrusion motor (2), gearbox (4) and crowded feed cylinder (8) in frame (1), and rotary support has extrusion screw (7) in crowded feed cylinder (8), and extrusion motor (2) extrude screw (7) through gearbox (4) drive, and still fixed mounting has feeder hopper (6), its characterized in that on frame (1): the extrusion discharge barrel (8) comprises a feed barrel (5), a zero material feed barrel and a spiral water channel extrusion barrel which are fixedly connected with each other, a water cavity sleeve (82) is sleeved outside a screw barrel (83) of the zero material feed barrel and the spiral water channel extrusion barrel, and a heating ring (81) is sleeved on the water cavity sleeve (82); a spiral rib plate (84) is arranged between a screw cylinder (83) and a water cavity sleeve (82) corresponding to the spiral water channel extruding cylinder, the cavity between the screw cylinder (83) and the water cavity sleeve (82) is divided into a spiral water cavity (85) by the spiral rib plate (84), and a spiral water channel (86) is arranged in the spiral water cavity (85); a zero material section water channel (810) is arranged between a screw cylinder (83) and a water cavity sleeve (82) corresponding to the zero material feeding cylinder section, a zero material inlet (89) is arranged on the screw cylinder (83) of the zero material feeding cylinder section, and the zero material inlet (89) sequentially penetrates through the screw cylinder (83), the water cavity sleeve (82) and a heating ring (81) and leads to the outer side of the extrusion discharging cylinder (8); the extruding and discharging barrel (8) comprises a plurality of sections of spiral water channels (86), two ends of each section of spiral water channel (86) are respectively communicated with a corresponding water cavity port I (87) and a corresponding water cavity port II (88), and two ends of a zero material section water channel (810) on the zero material feeding barrel are respectively communicated with a water channel port I (811) and a water channel port II (812); the extrusion screw (7) comprises a screw body (73), a feeding section (A), a melting section (B), a homogenizing section (C) and a mixing section (D) are sequentially arranged on the screw body (73), an extrusion screw rib (71) positioned on the screw body (73) extends from the feeding section (A) to the homogenizing section (C) through the melting section (B), a melting screw rib (72) is further arranged on the screw body (73) corresponding to the melting section (B), the ratio T1/T = (1.06-1.08) of the melting screw pitch T1 of the melting screw rib (72) to the extrusion screw pitch T of the extrusion screw rib (71) is 1, the bottom diameter D3 of a melting groove on the screw body (73) is larger than the diameter D2 of the melting screw and smaller than the top diameter D4 of the melting screw rib, the top diameter D4 of the melting screw rib is smaller than the top diameter D5 of the extrusion screw rib, and the width S of the extrusion screw rib is larger than the width S1; the feeding screw diameter D1 of the feeding section (A) on the screw body (73) is equal to the melting section screw diameter D2, and the homogenizing screw diameter D6 of the homogenizing section (C) is larger than the melting screw diameter D2; the screw rod body (73) is provided with a screw rod water passing cavity (76) in the central position, the screw rod water passing cavity (76) is of a blind hole structure, a water conveying pipe (74) is arranged in the screw rod water passing cavity (76), and a plurality of flow guide spiral sheets (75) are arranged on the water conveying pipe (74) at intervals.
2. The screw extruder with the water-spinning cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the feeding cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with the extruding cylinder (8), the other end of the feeding cylinder (5) is fixedly connected with a mounting flange (51), and a feeding hole (52) is further formed in the feeding cylinder (5).
3. The screw extruder with the water-spinning cavity as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the discharge hole of the feed hopper (6) is communicated with the feed inlet (52) of the feed cylinder (5).
4. A screw extruder with a spinning cavity according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the heating ring (81) adopts a ceramic electric heater or a ceramic heater.
5. The screw extruder with the water-spinning cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the screw body (73) adopts a split structure.
6. The screw extruder with the water-spinning cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the melting pitch T1 to the extrusion pitch T, T1/T =1.07: 1.
7. The screw extruder with the water-spinning cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ratio of the melt flight width S1 to the extrusion flight width S, S1/S = (0.50-0.65) = (1).
8. The screw extruder with the water-spinning cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the spiral directions of the adjacent guide spiral sheets (75) are the same or opposite.
9. The screw extruder with the water-spinning cavity according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixing section (D) comprises a screw body (73) and mixing convex nails (77) arranged on the screw body (73).
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| CN202110783399.5A CN113370489B (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Screw extruder with water-rotating cavity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110783399.5A CN113370489B (en) | 2021-07-12 | 2021-07-12 | Screw extruder with water-rotating cavity |
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| CN113370489B true CN113370489B (en) | 2022-03-04 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116872468B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2024-03-08 | 宜兴市鸿韵塑料有限公司 | Plastic extrusion equipment for processing plastic parts |
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Effective date of registration: 20240109 Address after: 215400 No. 88, hengsi Road, science and Technology Industrial Park, Chengxiang Town, Taicang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Suzhou jinweier Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215411 guojiajing first road, phase II, Chengxiang Town Industrial Park, Taicang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: CHINA GWELL MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. |
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