CN113369991B - Method, system and device for predicting cutting temperature of tool with worn rear tool face - Google Patents

Method, system and device for predicting cutting temperature of tool with worn rear tool face Download PDF

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CN113369991B
CN113369991B CN202110579991.3A CN202110579991A CN113369991B CN 113369991 B CN113369991 B CN 113369991B CN 202110579991 A CN202110579991 A CN 202110579991A CN 113369991 B CN113369991 B CN 113369991B
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speed
angle
heat source
heat flux
cutting
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CN113369991A (en
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庄可佳
姚新
胡诚
翁剑
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B23Q17/0985—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring temperature

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method, a system and a device for predicting cutting temperature of a tool with worn back cutter surface and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface, and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface; acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion; and acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source. The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the rear cutter face abrasion cutter can realize the prediction of the cutting temperature of the rear cutter face abrasion cutter under any working condition.

Description

Method, system and device for predicting cutting temperature of tool with worn rear tool face
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutter cutting, in particular to a cutter cutting temperature prediction method, a cutter cutting temperature prediction system, a cutter cutting temperature prediction device and a computer readable storage medium for cutter wear.
Background
The slip line field method is one of the commonly used methods for profiling the machining process. Through development and perfection of the more than half century, the slip line field method is known as one of effective tools for researching and simulating chip formation, cutting temperature, cutting force and stress strain in cutting machining, the cutting temperature is an important physical quantity for evaluating the cutting process, the cutting temperature influences the quality of a machined surface, and if the distribution of the cutting temperature field is generally mastered before the cutting machining, the working efficiency is effectively improved, and the production safety is effectively ensured.
The prior art scheme aims at predicting the cutting temperature of a complete and brand-new chamfering tool in the machining process. The cutting tool has the defects that the cutting tool is only suitable for a brand new cutting tool, the actual machining is usually accompanied with the occurrence of wear of the rear cutter face of the cutting tool, the cutting temperature is increased along with the increase of the wear of the rear cutter face, and the service life of the cutting tool is reduced. The prior art only focuses on the processing process of a brand-new cutter, ignores the more common cutter processing situation with rear cutter face abrasion and the cutter abrasion problem gradually generated in the cutting process, has insufficient evaluation on the cutting temperature of the abraded cutter, and is easy to generate safety accidents.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a method, a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium for predicting cutting temperature of a flank wear tool, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the prediction of cutting temperature of a flank wear tool cannot be realized under a flank wear condition.
The invention provides a method for predicting cutting temperature of a cutter with worn rear cutter face, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface, and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface;
acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
Further, acquiring a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank face wear specifically comprises:
setting an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and an initial value of a friction coefficient angle of a third deformation zone, determining an initial value increment of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone according to a ratio of prediction and measurement and a variance of a chip thickness ratio, fitting to obtain a curve of the change of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone and the change of the subsequent tool face wear length, and determining the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone of the slip line field model with the flank face wear according to the curve.
Further, according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank face wear, obtaining a shearing speed, a chip speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a flank face wear speed, specifically comprising: according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle and speed calculation formula of the slip line field model with the flank wear, obtaining a shearing speed, a chip speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a flank wear speed, wherein the speed calculation formula is as follows,
V CD ＝V cu cosφ+V cu sinφtanξ 4
Figure GDA0003800313290000021
Figure GDA0003800313290000022
Figure GDA0003800313290000023
wherein, V CD To shear velocity, V ch As chip velocity, V AC Is the dead zone bottom edge velocity, V AK For flank wear rate, V cu Phi is the shear angle, xi is the cutting speed 1 Is the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle, xi 4 Is the angle of friction coefficient, xi, of the second deformation zone 1 ＝ξ 4 Alpha is the included angle between the back cutter face and the cutting direction, rho is the dip angle of the pre-shearing area, delta 1 Is the central angle of the first sector area.
The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the cutter with the worn rear cutter surface further comprises the steps of obtaining a pre-shearing area inclination angle through a pre-shearing area inclination angle formula, obtaining a shearing angle through a shearing angle formula, and obtaining a central angle of a first sector area through subtracting an included angle between a dead zone bottom edge and a cutting direction from the pre-shearing area inclination angle, wherein the pre-shearing area inclination angle formula is
Figure GDA0003800313290000031
The shear angle formula is
Figure GDA0003800313290000032
Further, the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the tool with the worn clearance surface obtains the heat flux of the heat source according to the shearing speed, the chip cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the wear speed of the clearance surface and the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone of the slip line field model with the worn clearance surface, and specifically comprises the following steps: and acquiring the heat flux of a tool point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a chip curling point heat source according to the shearing speed, the chip speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter surface abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter surface abrasion.
Further, according to the shear speed, the chip cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the flank wear speed, the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank wear and the heat flux calculation formula, the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are obtained, wherein the heat flux calculation formula is
Q 1 ＝k(V cu cosφ+V cu sinφtanξ 4 )
Figure GDA0003800313290000033
Figure GDA0003800313290000034
Figure GDA0003800313290000035
Wherein Q 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 、Q 4 The heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are respectively shown, and k is the material flow shear stress.
Further, according to the heat flux of the heat source, acquiring the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process, the method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source; obtaining the temperature rise of the chips according to the heat flux of the heat source at the tool nose point and the heat flux of the heat source at the chip curling point; and obtaining the temperature rise of the tool according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source.
The invention also provides a system for predicting the cutting temperature of the cutter with the worn rear cutter surface, which comprises a friction coefficient angle acquisition module, a heat source heat flux acquisition module and a temperature rise prediction module;
the friction coefficient angle acquisition module is used for establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface;
the heat source heat flux acquisition module is used for acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring the heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and the temperature rise prediction module is used for acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the cutting chips and the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
The invention also provides a device for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear cutter, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear cutter in any technical scheme is realized.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear tool according to any of the above technical solutions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: acquiring a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the wear of the rear cutter face by establishing the slip line field model with the wear of the rear cutter face; acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring a heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion; according to the heat flux of the heat source, the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process are obtained, and the cutter cutting temperature prediction of the cutter with the worn rear cutter surface under any working condition can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting cutting temperature of a flank wear tool provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a slip line field model with flank wear provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a vector diagram corresponding to the slip line field model provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the heat source distribution provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of a workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of a workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the influence of a heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of a cutting tool.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a method for predicting cutting temperature of a tool with worn flank surface, wherein the flow diagram of one embodiment is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a sliding line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and obtaining a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
s2, acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and S3, acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the chips and the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
In one embodiment, a schematic diagram of a slip line field model with flank face wear is established, as shown in fig. 2, α is an included angle between a flank face AK and a cutting direction, β is an included angle between a dead zone bottom AC and the cutting direction, Φ is a shear angle, which is an included angle between a shear plane and a cutting speed direction, θ is a slip line angle, and δ is an included angle between the shear plane and the cutting speed direction 1 Is the central angle, delta, of the sector CGH 2 Is the central angle of the sector area AIJ, rho is the pre-shearing area inclination angle, theta cm Is a chamfered angle, gamma 1 、γ 2 Is a front angle, ξ 1 Is the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle, xi 4 Angle of friction coefficient of the second deformation zone, h is the thickness of undeformed chips, t ch Is the thickness of the chip, /) AB For the length of the chamfer, /) BL Chip-tool contact length; in fig. 2, a is a tool nose point, B is a chamfered vertex, C is a dead zone vertex, D is a chip curl point, L is a chip separation point, AB is a chamfered surface, AC is a dead zone bottom surface, CD is a shear surface, BL is a rake surface, and AK is flank wear.
The sliding line field model with the flank face abrasion mainly comprises the following areas; the first deformation zone, ACDEFGHIJ, is the primary region where plastic deformation occurs, where most of the shear and heat generation occurs. Wherein the DEF zone is referred to as a pre-shear zone or bow zone; dead metal zone ABC, which is a triangle-like shape, where BC is an arc-shaped edge, which is a stable rigid body before chamfering. Point C is the point of separation of the material flowWhen the material flows to the point along the cutting speed direction, the material flow begins to separate, one part of the material flows upwards along the dead zone and the front surface to finally form chips to leave the surface of the workpiece, and the other part of the material is subjected to shearing and extrusion to continue flowing along the bottom of the dead zone to form a machined surface; the main slip line field DBC is a sector area controlled by a slip line angle. The shear velocity in the first deformation zone in this region is converted into the flow velocity of the chip; a second deformation zone BML; the area also presents a right triangle shape, and the shape size is mainly determined by the friction coefficient angle xi 4 Controlling; the third deformation area AJK presents the appearance of a right triangle and is formed by a friction coefficient angle xi 1 And (5) controlling.
As a preferred embodiment, obtaining the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear specifically includes:
setting an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and an initial value of a friction coefficient angle of a third deformation zone, determining an initial value increment of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone according to a ratio of prediction and measurement and a variance of a chip thickness ratio, fitting to obtain a curve of the change of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone and the change of the subsequent tool face wear length, and determining the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone of the slip line field model with the flank face wear according to the curve.
In one embodiment, the coefficient of friction angle ξ 1 Angle xi with friction coefficient 4 Equal; the flow shear stress of the local materials at the AC edge and the AB edge is 0, a slip line field model is obtained, the expression of each parameter can be deduced according to the geometric relationship,
Figure GDA0003800313290000071
δ 1 ＝φ-β，δ 2 ＝φ+ξ 1 -α，θ＝φ+γ 2 -ξ 4
Figure GDA0003800313290000072
Figure GDA0003800313290000073
l BC ＝θl CD ，ε＝l AK sin(ξ 1 )，t ch ＝l CD cosξ 4
Figure GDA0003800313290000074
cutting simulation experiments are carried out by using AdvantEdge software, the experimental variable is the wear length of the rear cutter face, and F of the cutting force is measured according to a certain group of cutting tests cm Feed resistance F tm Chip thickness t chm In the input system, the initial beta, xi are set 1 Calculating all intermediate parameters including rho, phi, theta and delta by the formula obtained by the derivation 1 、δ 2 、
Figure GDA0003800313290000075
ε、l CD 、l BL 、F cp 、F tp 、t chp Etc. t ch represents Thickness of chip in the model, t chm Denotes the thickness of the chip, t, measured by the test chp For the model predicted chip thickness, it can be determined whether the combination tested at the present stage is the most realistic parameter combination by now by comparing the magnitude of Δ D, which represents the predicted and measured force ratio F, with the initial tol c /F t And the variance of the chip thickness ratio t/h for evaluating the accuracy of the value to be output.
Figure GDA0003800313290000076
If the delta D is not more than tol, the parameter combination is considered to be the combination which is most fit for the measured parameters so far, the combination is substituted for the former combination which is considered to be fit for storage, and meanwhile, the delta D at the moment is substituted for the original tol; if Δ D is greater than tol, the combination is discarded; whether or not deltaWhether D is greater than tol, initial angles beta and xi are given 1 A small increment, which may be 0.001 radians, i.e., (+ 0.001), (b) (), (c) 1 + 0.001) to make it a new initial angle and continue the operation to obtain a new intermediate parameter combination again. Each time Δ D replaces the original tol, such an operation reduces tol step by step, thereby gradually fitting the predicted value to the measured value. And comparing, calculating, re-comparing and re-calculating, and repeating the steps until all possible parameter combinations in the set global search range are completely searched, wherein the output parameter combination is the predicted value which is most fit to the reality.
Note that β and ξ 1 Is the most important slip line field parameter, and can be fitted to obtain beta and xi through the test of a plurality of groups of cutting experiments 1 Then the curve of the change of the wear length of the tool face, therefore, the beta and xi corresponding to any wear length of the back tool face can be predicted 1 Once β and ξ 1 And determining the whole slip line field, and meanwhile, outputting the material flow shear stress k under each working condition through iterative calculation. It was found from the results that the value of k remains substantially around a certain value, since the material flow shear stress k is material dependent, and through this link the value of k is determined.
As a preferred embodiment, the obtaining of the shear velocity, the chip velocity, the dead zone bottom edge velocity and the flank wear velocity according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear specifically includes: obtaining a shearing speed, a chip cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle and speed calculation formula of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion,
V CD ＝V cu cosφ+V cu sinφtanξ 4
Figure GDA0003800313290000081
Figure GDA0003800313290000082
Figure GDA0003800313290000083
wherein, V CD For shear rate, V ch As chip velocity, V AC Is the dead zone bottom edge velocity, V AK For flank wear rate, V cu Phi is the shear angle, xi is the cutting speed 1 Is the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle, xi 4 Is the angle of friction coefficient, xi, of the second deformation zone 1 ＝ξ 4 Alpha is the included angle between the back cutter face and the cutting direction, rho is the dip angle of the pre-shearing area, delta 1 Is the central angle of the first sector area.
In a specific embodiment, according to the slip line field model, a vector diagram corresponding to the slip line field model is drawn, as shown in fig. 3, and from the geometric relationship of the vector diagram, an expression of the velocity of each part can be obtained
V CD ＝V cu cosφ+V cu sinφtanξ 4
Figure GDA0003800313290000091
Figure GDA0003800313290000092
Figure GDA0003800313290000093
As a preferred embodiment, the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear tool further includes obtaining a pre-shear zone inclination angle through a pre-shear zone inclination angle formula, obtaining a shear angle through a shear angle formula, and obtaining a central angle of the first sector area by subtracting an included angle between a dead zone bottom side and the cutting direction from the pre-shear zone inclination angle, where the pre-shear zone inclination angle formula is
Figure GDA0003800313290000094
The shear angle formula is
Figure GDA0003800313290000095
As a preferred embodiment, the obtaining of the heat flux of the heat source according to the shear velocity, the chip velocity, the dead zone bottom edge velocity, the flank wear velocity and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear specifically includes: and acquiring the heat flux of a tool point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a chip curling point heat source according to the shearing speed, the chip speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion.
In one embodiment, the heat sources for the cutting process are mainly divided into a primary heat source, a secondary heat source, a tertiary heat source, and a quaternary heat source (including a shearing heat source and an induction heat source), and the primary heat source, i.e., the DC section, is generated during the shearing deformation process and is regarded as a moving belt heat source. The second heat source, the BL section, is generated during the rubbing of the tool rake face and the chip. One side of the cutter is regarded as a rectangular heat source, and one side of the cutting chip is regarded as a moving belt heat source. And a third heat source, namely an AK section, is generated in the friction process of the rear cutter face of the cutter and the workpiece, wherein one side of the cutter is regarded as a rectangular heat source, and one side of the cutting chip is regarded as a moving belt heat source. A fourth heat source comprising an AC section and an AB section. The AC section is primarily a shearing and extrusion action and is considered a moving belt heat source. The dead zone and the cutter are arranged on two sides of the AB section, the speeds of the dead zone and the cutter are similar, the dead zone and the cutter are approximately kept relatively static, friction is avoided, and heat is not generated in principle. The temperature increase in the cutting tool is primarily due to the secondary heat source, but the primary heat source also contributes to the temperature increase of the cutting tool and indirectly affects the temperature distribution on the rake face of the tool. The AB section heat source is just understood as the influence of the main heat source on the temperature rise of the cutter, and is regarded as an induction heat source, and the distribution of the heat source is schematically shown in FIG. 4. The heat flux Q of each heat source is expressed as follows
Q 1 ＝τ CD V CD ＝k(V cu cosφ+V cu sinφtanξ 4 )
Figure GDA0003800313290000101
Figure GDA0003800313290000102
Figure GDA0003800313290000103
As a preferred embodiment, the heat flux of the nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are obtained according to the shear velocity, the chip velocity, the dead bottom edge velocity, the flank wear velocity, the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear and the heat flux calculation formula
Q 1 ＝k(V cu cosφ+V cu sinφtanξ 4 )
Figure GDA0003800313290000104
Figure GDA0003800313290000105
Figure GDA0003800313290000106
Wherein Q is 1 、Q 2 、Q 3 、Q 4 The heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are respectively shown, and k is the material flow shear stress.
In one embodiment, the effect of the heat source and its mirror image on the temperature rise of the workpiece is illustrated schematically in fig. 5. In the figure, point P is a temperature point to be measured. The coordinates of the point P are (X, Y, Z), R 1 ～R 3 Is the distance, R' from the point to be measured to each heat source infinitesimal 1 ～R` 3 Is the distance, x, from the point to be measured to each mirror image heat source infinitesimal A 、y A The horizontal and vertical coordinates of the point A are represented; x is a radical of a fluorine atom B 、y B Represents the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the point B; x is a radical of a fluorine atom C 、y C Represents the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the point C; x is the number of D 、y D Representing the abscissa and ordinate of point D.
As a preferred embodiment, obtaining the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the chip and the temperature rise of the tool in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source specifically comprises: acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source; obtaining the temperature rise of the chips according to the heat flux of the heat source at the tool nose point and the heat flux of the heat source at the chip curling point; and obtaining the temperature rise of the tool according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source.
In one embodiment, the temperature rise of the workpiece during the cutting process is expressed by
Figure GDA0003800313290000111
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003800313290000112
Figure GDA0003800313290000113
Figure GDA0003800313290000114
Figure GDA0003800313290000115
Figure GDA0003800313290000116
Figure GDA0003800313290000117
S m the distribution coefficient of the fourth heat source to the heat intensity of the workpiece is 0.8, lambda w is the heat conductivity coefficient of the workpiece, a w Is the thermal diffusion coefficient, K, of the workpiece 0 Modified Bessel functions of the second kind, B 3 workpiece Representing the heat distribution coefficient of a heat source of a tool workpiece friction moving belt to the chip side at a rear tool face abrasion part;
Figure GDA0003800313290000118
the influence of the heat source and the mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of the chip is shown in the figure 6; r 4 ～R 7 Is the distance, R' from the point to be measured to each heat source infinitesimal 4 ～R` 7 Is the distance, x, from the point to be measured to each mirror image heat source infinitesimal " A 、y” A The horizontal and vertical coordinates of the image point A' are represented; x' B 、y” B The horizontal and vertical coordinates of the mirror image point B' are represented; x' C 、y” C Representing the abscissa and ordinate of the mirror point C ".
The temperature rise of the chips in the cutting process is expressed as
Figure GDA0003800313290000121
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure GDA0003800313290000122
Figure GDA0003800313290000123
Figure GDA0003800313290000124
Figure GDA0003800313290000125
Figure GDA0003800313290000126
Figure GDA0003800313290000127
Figure GDA0003800313290000128
Figure GDA0003800313290000129
B 1 chip representing the heat distribution coefficient of the heat source of the tool chip friction moving belt on the chamfered section to the chip side; b is 2 chip Representing the heat distribution coefficient of the heat source of the tool chip friction moving belt on the non-chamfered section to the chip side;
Figure GDA00038003132900001210
Figure GDA00038003132900001211
the effect of the heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of the tool is shown schematically in figure 7,
R 8 ～R 10 is the distance, R' from the point to be measured to each heat source infinitesimal 8 ～R` 10 Is the distance, x, from the point to be measured to each mirror image heat source infinitesimal K 、y K Represents the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the K point; x' A 、y”’ A Represents the abscissa, x 'of the image point A' B 、y”’ B Represents the abscissa and ordinate of the mirror point B' ", and w represents the cutting width.
The expression of the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process is
Figure GDA0003800313290000131
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003800313290000132
Figure GDA0003800313290000133
Figure GDA0003800313290000134
Figure GDA0003800313290000135
Figure GDA0003800313290000136
Figure GDA0003800313290000137
λ t represents the thermal conductivity of the workpiece, B 1 tool Representing heat of frictional moving band of tool chipCoefficient of heat distribution from source at the chamfered section to the tool side, B 2 tool Representing the coefficient of heat distribution of the heat source to the tool side in the non-chamfered section by frictional movement of the tool chip.
That is to say, the cutting temperature at any position in the temperature field in the cutting process can be calculated one by one through the deduced temperature expression, and then the cutting temperature field is drawn, and the numerical value of the highest cutting temperature and the position where the highest temperature appears can be known, so as to guide the machining by taking the numerical value of the highest cutting temperature and the position where the highest temperature appears as reference.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cutting temperature prediction system for a cutter with worn rear cutter surface, which comprises a friction coefficient angle acquisition module, a heat source heat flux acquisition module and a temperature rise prediction module;
the friction coefficient angle acquisition module is used for establishing a slip line field model with the wear of the rear cutter face and acquiring a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the wear of the rear cutter face;
the heat source heat flux acquisition module is used for acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring the heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and the temperature rise prediction module is used for acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the cutting chips and the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for predicting the cutting temperature of a tool with worn cutting flank, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the tool with worn cutting flank is realized according to any technical scheme.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear tool according to any of the above technical solutions.
The invention provides a method, a system and a device for predicting the cutting temperature of a cutter with worn rear cutter surface and a computer readable storage medium, wherein a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of a slip line field model with worn rear cutter surface is obtained by establishing the slip line field model with worn rear cutter surface; acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring a heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion; according to the heat flux of the heat source, the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process are obtained, and the cutting temperature prediction of the cutter with the worn rear cutter surface under any working condition can be realized. The technical scheme of the invention can help a processing worker to analyze the maximum cutting temperature value and the maximum temperature position of any worn cutter in advance to obtain the distribution condition of the whole temperature field; the processing personnel have overall control over the cutting process before formal cutting processing, and production safety is guaranteed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A method for predicting the cutting temperature of a tool with worn back tool face is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface, and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface;
acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
acquiring the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source;
the sliding line field model with the flank face abrasion comprises a first deformation area, a second deformation area and a third deformation area, wherein the first deformation area is a plastic deformation generation area, the second deformation area is in a right-angled triangle shape, and the third deformation area is also in a right-angled triangle shape;
obtaining a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank face wear, specifically comprising:
setting initial values of an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and a friction coefficient angle of a third deformation zone, and determining initial value increments of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone according to the predicted and measured force ratio and the variance of the chip thickness ratio;
fitting to obtain a curve for setting an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction, and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone and the change of the subsequent tool face abrasion length, and determining the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone of the slip line field model with the rear tool face abrasion according to the curve;
according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank face abrasion, the shearing speed, the chip cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed and the flank face abrasion speed are obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: obtaining a shearing speed, a chip cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle and speed calculation formula of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion,
Figure 820977DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 81057DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in order to achieve a high shear rate,
Figure 300817DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
as regards the chip velocity, it is preferable that,
Figure 985745DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is the speed of the bottom edge of the dead zone,
Figure 288550DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
in order to increase the wear rate of the rear cutter face,
Figure 504768DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
in order to achieve a high cutting speed,
Figure 793798DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
in order to obtain a shear angle, the cutting tool is,
Figure 411861DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is the third deformation zone coefficient of friction angle,
Figure 10202DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is the second deformation zone coefficient of friction angle,
Figure 713715DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
，
Figure 399912DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is the included angle between the rear cutter face and the cutting direction,
Figure 279006DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the inclination angle of the pre-shearing area is,
Figure 658035DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
is the central angle of the first sector area;
obtaining a pre-shearing area inclination angle through a pre-shearing area inclination angle formula, obtaining a shearing angle through a shearing angle formula, and obtaining a central angle of a first sector area by subtracting an included angle between a dead zone bottom edge and a cutting direction from the pre-shearing area inclination angle, wherein the pre-shearing area inclination angle formula is
Figure 114424DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
The formula of the shear angle is
Figure 994524DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
；
According to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear tool face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear tool face abrasion, the heat flux of the heat source is obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear tool face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear tool face abrasion, obtaining the heat flux of a tool point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a cutting curling point heat source;
according to the shear speed, the chip cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed, the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion and a heat flux calculation formula, obtaining the heat flux of a cutter point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a chip curling point heat source, wherein the heat flux calculation formula is
Figure 321600DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 871530DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
heat flux of the point heat source, heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, heat flux of the dead zone vertex heat source, and heat flux of the chip curl point heat sourceThe heat flux is increased by the amount of heat,
Figure 690582DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
shear stress for material flow;
according to the heat flux of the heat source, acquiring the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source; obtaining the temperature rise of the chips according to the heat flux of the heat source at the tool nose point and the heat flux of the heat source at the chip curling point; and obtaining the temperature rise of the tool according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source.
2. A cutting temperature prediction system for a cutter with worn rear cutter face is characterized by comprising a friction coefficient angle acquisition module, a heat source heat flux acquisition module and a temperature rise prediction module;
the friction coefficient angle acquisition module is used for establishing a slip line field model with the wear of the rear cutter face and acquiring a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the wear of the rear cutter face;
the heat source heat flux acquisition module is used for acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring the heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
the temperature rise prediction module is used for acquiring the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source;
the sliding line field model with the flank face abrasion comprises a first deformation area, a second deformation area and a third deformation area, wherein the first deformation area is a plastic deformation generation area, the second deformation area is in a right-angled triangle shape, and the third deformation area is also in a right-angled triangle shape;
obtaining a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank face wear, specifically comprising:
setting initial values of an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and a friction coefficient angle of a third deformation zone, and determining initial value increments of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone according to the predicted and measured force ratio and the variance of the chip thickness ratio;
fitting to obtain a curve for setting an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction, and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone and the change of the subsequent tool face abrasion length, and determining the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone of the slip line field model with the rear tool face abrasion according to the curve;
according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank face abrasion, acquiring the shearing speed, the chip speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed and the flank face abrasion speed, and specifically comprising: obtaining a shearing speed, a chip cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle and speed calculation formula of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion,
Figure 984160DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure 431322DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
in order to achieve a high shear rate,
Figure 276787DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
as regards the chip velocity, it is preferable that,
Figure 442189DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
the bottom edge speed of the dead zone is,
Figure 414824DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
for flank wearThe speed of the motor is controlled by the speed of the motor,
Figure 247651DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
in order to achieve a high cutting speed,
Figure 264017DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
in order to obtain a shear angle, the cutting tool is,
Figure 916715DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
is the third deformation zone coefficient of friction angle,
Figure 817675DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
is the second deformation zone coefficient of friction angle,
Figure 849216DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
，
Figure 911850DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
is the included angle between the rear cutter face and the cutting direction,
Figure 786265DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
the inclination angle of the pre-shearing area is,
Figure 225337DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
is the central angle of the first sector area;
obtaining a pre-shearing area inclination angle through a pre-shearing area inclination angle formula, obtaining a shearing angle through a shearing angle formula, and obtaining a central angle of a first sector area by subtracting an included angle between a dead zone bottom edge and a cutting direction from the pre-shearing area inclination angle, wherein the pre-shearing area inclination angle formula is
Figure 915248DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
The shear angle formula is
Figure 148783DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
；
According to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear tool face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear tool face abrasion, the heat flux of the heat source is obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear tool face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear tool face abrasion, obtaining the heat flux of a tool point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a cutting curling point heat source;
according to the shear speed, the chip cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed, the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion and a heat flux calculation formula, obtaining the heat flux of a cutter point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a chip curling point heat source, wherein the heat flux calculation formula is
Figure 651440DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 628623DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
respectively the heat flux of a tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a chip curling point heat source,
Figure 759390DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
shear stress for material flow;
according to the heat flux of the heat source, acquiring the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source; obtaining the temperature rise of the chips according to the heat flux of the heat source at the tool nose point and the heat flux of the heat source at the chip curling point; and obtaining the temperature rise of the tool according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source.
3. A flank wear tool cutting temperature prediction device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the flank wear tool cutting temperature prediction method according to claim 1.
4. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the flank wear tool cutting temperature prediction method of claim 1.
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