CN113369991A - Method, system and device for predicting cutting temperature of tool with worn rear tool face - Google Patents

Method, system and device for predicting cutting temperature of tool with worn rear tool face Download PDF

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CN113369991A
CN113369991A CN202110579991.3A CN202110579991A CN113369991A CN 113369991 A CN113369991 A CN 113369991A CN 202110579991 A CN202110579991 A CN 202110579991A CN 113369991 A CN113369991 A CN 113369991A
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speed
heat source
angle
cutting
heat flux
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CN113369991B (en
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庄可佳
姚新
胡诚
翁剑
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
    • B23Q17/0985—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring temperature

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method, a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium for predicting cutting temperature of a flank wear cutter, wherein the method comprises the following steps: establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface, and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface; acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion; and acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source. The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the rear cutter face abrasion cutter can realize the prediction of the cutting temperature of the rear cutter face abrasion cutter under any working condition.

Description

Method, system and device for predicting cutting temperature of tool with worn rear tool face
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutter cutting, in particular to a method, a system and a device for predicting cutting temperature of a cutter with worn rear cutter surface and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The slip line field method is one of the commonly used methods for profiling the machining process. Through development and perfection of the more than half century, the slip line field method is known as one of effective tools for researching and simulating chip formation, cutting temperature, cutting force and stress strain in cutting machining, the cutting temperature is an important physical quantity for evaluating the cutting process, the cutting temperature influences the quality of a machined surface, and if the distribution of the cutting temperature field is generally mastered before the cutting machining, the working efficiency is effectively improved, and the production safety is effectively ensured.
The prior art scheme aims at predicting the cutting temperature of a complete and brand-new chamfering tool in the machining process. The cutting tool has the defects that the cutting tool is only suitable for a brand new cutting tool, the actual machining is usually accompanied with the occurrence of wear of the rear cutter face of the cutting tool, the cutting temperature is increased along with the increase of the wear of the rear cutter face, and the service life of the cutting tool is reduced. The prior art only focuses on the processing process of a brand new cutter, ignores the more common cutter processing situation with rear cutter face abrasion and the cutter abrasion problem gradually generated in the cutting process, has insufficient evaluation on the cutting temperature of the abraded cutter, and is easy to generate safety accidents.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a method, a system, a device and a computer readable storage medium for predicting cutting temperature of a flank wear tool, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the prediction of cutting temperature of a flank wear tool cannot be realized under a flank wear condition.
The invention provides a method for predicting cutting temperature of a cutter with worn rear cutter face, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface, and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface;
acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
Further, acquiring a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank face wear specifically comprises:
setting an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and an initial value of a friction coefficient angle of a third deformation zone, determining an initial value increment of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone according to a ratio of prediction and measurement and a variance of a chip thickness ratio, fitting to obtain a curve of the change of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone and the change of the subsequent tool face wear length, and setting a friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone of the slip line field model with the flank face wear according to the curve.
Further, according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank face wear, obtaining a shearing speed, a chip speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a flank face wear speed, specifically comprising: obtaining a shearing speed, a chip cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle and speed calculation formula of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion,
VCD＝Vcu cosφ+Vcu sinφtanξ4
Figure BDA0003085699230000021
Figure BDA0003085699230000022
Figure BDA0003085699230000023
wherein, VCDFor shear rate, VchAs regards the chip velocity, it is preferable that,VACis the dead zone bottom edge velocity, VAKAs cutting speed, VcuPhi is the shear angle, xi is the cutting speed1Is the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle, xi4Is the angle of friction coefficient, xi, of the second deformation zone1＝ξ4Alpha is the included angle between the back cutter face and the cutting direction, rho is the dip angle of the pre-shearing area, delta1Is the central angle of the first sector area.
The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the cutter with the worn rear cutter surface further comprises the steps of obtaining a pre-shearing area inclination angle through a pre-shearing area inclination angle formula, obtaining a shearing angle through a shearing angle formula, and obtaining a central angle of a first sector area through subtracting an included angle between a dead zone bottom edge and a cutting direction from the pre-shearing area inclination angle, wherein the pre-shearing area inclination angle formula is
Figure BDA0003085699230000031
The shear angle formula is
Figure BDA0003085699230000032
Further, the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear cutter obtains the heat flux of the heat source according to the shearing speed, the chip speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the flank wear speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank wear, and specifically includes: and acquiring the heat flux of a tool point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a chip curling point heat source according to the shearing speed, the chip speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion.
Further, according to the shear speed, the chip cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the flank wear speed, the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the flank wear and the heat flux calculation formula, the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are obtained, wherein the heat flux calculation formula is
Q1＝k(Vcu cosφ+Vcu sinφtanξ4)
Figure BDA0003085699230000033
Figure BDA0003085699230000034
Figure BDA0003085699230000035
Wherein Q is1、Q2、Q3、Q4The heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are respectively shown, and k is the material flow shear stress.
Further, according to the heat flux of the heat source, acquiring the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process, the method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source; obtaining the temperature rise of the chips according to the heat flux of the heat source at the tool nose point and the heat flux of the heat source at the chip curling point; and obtaining the temperature rise of the tool according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source.
The invention also provides a system for predicting the cutting temperature of the cutter with the worn rear cutter surface, which comprises a friction coefficient angle acquisition module, a heat source heat flux acquisition module and a temperature rise prediction module;
the friction coefficient angle acquisition module is used for establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface;
the heat source heat flux acquisition module is used for acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring the heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and the temperature rise prediction module is used for acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the cutting chips and the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
The invention also provides a device for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear cutter, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear cutter in any technical scheme is realized.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear tool according to any of the above technical solutions.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: acquiring a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the wear of the rear cutter face by establishing the slip line field model with the wear of the rear cutter face; acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion; according to the heat flux of the heat source, the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process are obtained, and the cutter cutting temperature prediction of the cutter with the worn rear cutter surface under any working condition can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for predicting cutting temperature of a flank wear tool provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a slip line field model with flank wear provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a vector diagram corresponding to the slip line field model provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the heat source distribution provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of a workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of a heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of a workpiece according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the influence of a heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of a cutting tool.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a method for predicting cutting temperature of a tool with worn flank surface, wherein the flow diagram of one embodiment is shown in figure 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a slip line field model with the worn back cutter face, and obtaining a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the worn back cutter face;
s2, acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring the heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and S3, acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the chips and the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
In one embodiment, a schematic diagram of a slip line field model with flank face wear is established, as shown in fig. 2, α is an included angle between a flank face AK and a cutting direction, β is an included angle between a dead zone bottom AC and the cutting direction, Φ is a shear angle which is an included angle between a shear plane and a cutting speed direction, and θ is a slip line field modelLine shift angle, δ1Is the central angle, delta, of the sector CGH2Is the central angle of the sector AIJ, p is the pre-shear tilt angle, θcmIs a chamfered angle, gamma1、γ2Is a front angle, xi1Is the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle, xi4Angle of friction coefficient of the second deformation zone, h is the thickness of undeformed chips, tchIs the thickness of the chip, /)ABFor the length of the chamfer, /)BLChip-tool contact length; in fig. 2, a is a tool nose point, B is a chamfered vertex, C is a dead zone vertex, D is a chip curl point, L is a chip separation point, AB is a chamfered surface, AC is a dead zone bottom surface, CD is a shear surface, BL is a rake surface, and AK is flank wear.
The sliding line field model with the flank face abrasion mainly comprises the following areas; the first deformation zone, ACDEFGHIJ, is the primary region where plastic deformation occurs, where most of the shear and heat generation occurs. Wherein the DEF zone is referred to as a pre-shear zone or bow zone; dead metal zone ABC, which is a triangle-like shape, where BC is an arc-shaped edge, which is a stable rigid body before chamfering. Point C is the point of separation of the material flow, to which the material flow in the direction of cutting speed begins to separate, a portion of the material flows up the dead zone and the rake face to eventually form chips off the workpiece surface, and another portion continues to flow along the bottom of the dead zone by shearing and squeezing to form the machined surface; the main slip line field DBC is a sector area controlled by the slip line angle. The shear velocity in the first deformation zone in this region is converted into the flow velocity of the chip; a second deformation zone BML; the area also presents a right triangle shape, and the shape size is mainly determined by the friction coefficient angle xi4Controlling; the third deformation area AJK presents the appearance of a right triangle and is formed by a friction coefficient angle xi1And (5) controlling.
As a preferred embodiment, obtaining the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear specifically includes:
setting an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and an initial value of a friction coefficient angle of a third deformation zone, determining an initial value increment of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone according to a ratio of prediction and measurement and a variance of a chip thickness ratio, fitting to obtain a curve of the change of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone and the change of the subsequent tool face wear length, and setting a friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone of the slip line field model with the flank face wear according to the curve.
In one embodiment, the coefficient of friction angle ξ1Angle xi with friction coefficient4Equal; the flow shear stress of the local materials at the AC edge and the AB edge is 0, a slip line field model is obtained, the expression of each parameter can be deduced according to the geometric relationship,
Figure BDA0003085699230000071
δ1＝φ-β，δ2＝φ+ξ1-α，θ＝φ+γ2-ξ4
Figure BDA0003085699230000072
Figure BDA0003085699230000073
lBC＝θlCD，ε＝lAK sin(ξ；)，tch＝lCO cosξ4
Figure BDA0003085699230000074
cutting simulation experiments are carried out by using AdvantEdge software, the experimental variable is the wear length of the rear cutter face, and F of the cutting force is measured according to a certain group of cutting testscmFeed resistance FtmChip thickness tchmIn the input system, the initial beta and xi are set1Calculating all intermediate parameters including rho, phi, theta and delta by the formula obtained by the derivation1、δ2、
Figure BDA0003085699230000075
ε、lCD、lBL、Fcp、Ftp、tchpEtc. tch representsThickness of chip in the model, tchmDenotes the thickness of the chip, t, measured by the testchpFor the model predicted chip thickness, it can be determined whether the combination tested at the present stage is the most realistic parameter combination by now by comparing the magnitude of Δ D, which represents the predicted and measured force ratio F, with the initial tolc/FtAnd the variance of the chip thickness ratio t/h for evaluating the accuracy of the value to be output.
Figure BDA0003085699230000081
If the delta D is not more than tol, the parameter combination is considered to be the combination which is most fit for the measured parameters so far, the combination is substituted for the former combination which is considered to be fit for storage, and meanwhile, the delta D at the moment is substituted for the original tol; if Δ D is greater than tol, the combination is discarded; giving initial angles β and ξ regardless of whether Δ D is greater than tol1A small increment can be 0.001 radian, namely (beta +0.001), (xi)1+0.001) to make it a new initial angle and continue the operation to obtain a new intermediate parameter combination again. Each time Δ D replaces the original tol, such an operation reduces tol step by step, thereby gradually fitting the predicted value to the measured value. And comparing, calculating, comparing again and calculating again, and repeating the steps until all possible parameter combinations in the set global search range are completely searched, wherein the output parameter combination is the predicted value which is most fit with the reality.
Note that β and ξ1Is the most important slip line field parameter, and can be fitted to obtain beta and xi through the test of a plurality of groups of cutting experiments1Then the curve of the change of the wear length of the tool face, therefore, the beta and xi corresponding to any wear length of the back tool face can be predicted1Once β and ξ1Determining the whole slip line field, and simultaneously outputting various tools through iterative calculationThe material flow shear stress k under the conditions. It was found from the results that the value of k remains substantially around a certain value, since the material flow shear stress k is material dependent, and through this link the value of k is determined.
As a preferred embodiment, the obtaining of the shear rate, the chip rate, the dead zone bottom edge rate and the flank wear rate according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear specifically includes: obtaining a shearing speed, a chip cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle and speed calculation formula of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion,
VCD＝Vcu cosφ+Vcu sinφtanξ4
Figure BDA0003085699230000091
Figure BDA0003085699230000092
Figure BDA0003085699230000093
wherein, VCDFor shear rate, VchAs chip velocity, VACIs the dead zone bottom edge velocity, VAKAs cutting speed, VcuPhi is the shear angle, xi is the cutting speed1Is the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle, xi4Is the angle of friction coefficient, xi, of the second deformation zone1＝ξ4Alpha is the included angle between the back cutter face and the cutting direction, rho is the dip angle of the pre-shearing area, delta1Is the central angle of the first sector area.
In a specific embodiment, according to the slip line field model, a vector diagram corresponding to the slip line field model is drawn, as shown in fig. 3, and from the geometric relationship of the vector diagram, an expression of the velocity of each part can be obtained
VCD＝Vcu cosφ+Vcu sinφtanξ4
Figure BDA0003085699230000094
Figure BDA0003085699230000095
Figure BDA0003085699230000096
As a preferred embodiment, the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear cutter further includes obtaining a pre-shear zone inclination angle through a pre-shear zone inclination angle formula, obtaining a shear angle through a shear angle formula, and obtaining a central angle of the first sector area by subtracting an included angle between a dead zone bottom side and the cutting direction from the pre-shear zone inclination angle, where the pre-shear zone inclination angle formula is
Figure BDA0003085699230000097
The shear angle formula is
Figure BDA0003085699230000098
As a preferred embodiment, the obtaining of the heat flux of the heat source according to the shear velocity, the chip velocity, the dead zone bottom edge velocity, the flank wear velocity and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear specifically includes: and acquiring the heat flux of a tool point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a chip curling point heat source according to the shearing speed, the chip speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion.
In one embodiment, the heat sources for the cutting process are mainly divided into a primary heat source, a secondary heat source, a tertiary heat source, and a quaternary heat source (including a shearing heat source and an induction heat source), and the primary heat source, i.e., the DC section, is generated during the shearing deformation process and is regarded as a moving belt heat source. The second heat source, the BL section, is generated during the rubbing of the tool rake face and the chip. One side of the cutter is regarded as a rectangular heat source, and the other side of the cutting chip is regarded as a moving belt heat source. And a third heat source, namely an AK section, is generated in the friction process of the rear cutter face of the cutter and the workpiece, wherein one side of the cutter is regarded as a rectangular heat source, and one side of the cutting chip is regarded as a moving belt heat source. A fourth heat source comprising an AC section and an AB section. The AC section is primarily a shear and squeeze action and is considered a moving belt heat source. The dead zone and the cutter are arranged on two sides of the AB section, the speeds of the dead zone and the cutter are similar, the dead zone and the cutter are approximately kept relatively static, friction is avoided, and heat is not generated in principle. The temperature increase in the cutting tool is primarily due to the secondary heat source, but the primary heat source also contributes to the temperature increase of the cutting tool and indirectly affects the temperature distribution on the rake face of the tool. The AB section heat source is just understood as the influence of the main heat source on the temperature rise of the cutter, and is regarded as an induction heat source, and the distribution of the heat source is schematically shown in FIG. 4. The heat flux Q of each heat source is expressed as follows
Q1＝τCDVCD＝k(Vcu cosφ+Vcu sinφtanξ4)
Figure BDA0003085699230000101
Figure BDA0003085699230000102
Figure BDA0003085699230000103
As a preferred embodiment, the heat flux of the nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are obtained according to the shear velocity, the chip velocity, the dead bottom edge velocity, the flank wear velocity, the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear and the heat flux calculation formula
Q1＝k(Vcu cosφ+Vcu sinφtanξ4)
Figure BDA0003085699230000111
Figure BDA0003085699230000112
Figure BDA0003085699230000113
Wherein Q is1、Q2、Q3、Q4The heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are respectively shown, and k is the material flow shear stress.
In one embodiment, the effect of the heat source and its mirror image on the temperature rise of the workpiece is illustrated schematically in fig. 5. In the figure, point P is a temperature point to be measured. The coordinates of the point P are (X, Y, Z), R1～R3Is the distance, R' from the point to be measured to each heat source infinitesimal1～R`3Is the distance, x, from the point to be measured to each mirror image heat source infinitesimalA、yARepresents the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the point A; x is the number ofB、yBRepresents the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the point B; x is the number ofC、yCRepresents the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the point C; x is the number ofD、yDRepresents the abscissa and ordinate of the D point.
As a preferred embodiment, obtaining the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the chip and the temperature rise of the tool in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source specifically comprises: acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source; obtaining the temperature rise of the chips according to the heat flux of the heat source at the tool nose point and the heat flux of the heat source at the chip curling point; and obtaining the temperature rise of the tool according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source.
In one embodiment, the temperature rise of the workpiece during the cutting process is expressed by
Figure BDA0003085699230000114
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003085699230000121
Figure BDA0003085699230000122
Figure BDA0003085699230000123
Figure BDA0003085699230000124
Figure BDA0003085699230000125
Figure BDA0003085699230000126
Smthe distribution coefficient of the fourth heat source to the heat intensity of the workpiece part is 0.8, lambdawIs the thermal conductivity of the workpiece, awIs the thermal diffusion coefficient of the workpiece, K0Modified Bessel functions of the second kind, B3 workpieceRepresenting the heat distribution coefficient of a heat source of a tool workpiece friction moving belt to the chip side at a rear tool face abrasion part;
Figure BDA0003085699230000127
the influence of the heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of the chip is shown in fig. 6; r4～R7Is the distance, R' from the point to be measured to each heat source infinitesimal4～R`7Is the distance, x, from the point to be measured to each mirror image heat source infinitesimal "A、y”AThe horizontal and vertical coordinates of the image point A' are represented; x'B、y”BThe horizontal and vertical coordinates of the mirror image point B' are represented; x'C、y”CRepresenting the abscissa and ordinate of the mirror point C ".
The temperature rise of the chips in the cutting process is expressed as
Figure BDA0003085699230000128
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003085699230000131
Figure BDA0003085699230000132
Figure BDA0003085699230000133
Figure BDA0003085699230000134
Figure BDA0003085699230000135
Figure BDA0003085699230000136
Figure BDA0003085699230000137
Figure BDA0003085699230000138
B1 chiprepresenting the heat distribution coefficient of the heat source of the tool chip friction moving belt on the chamfered section to the chip side; b is2 chipRepresenting the heat distribution coefficient of the heat source of the tool chip friction moving belt on the non-chamfered section to the chip side;
Figure BDA0003085699230000139
Figure BDA00030856992300001310
the effect of the heat source and its mirror image heat source on the temperature rise of the tool is shown schematically in figure 7,
R8～R10is the distance, R' from the point to be measured to each heat source infinitesimal8～R`10Is the distance, x, from the point to be measured to each mirror image heat source infinitesimalK、yKRepresents the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the K point; x'A、y”’ARepresents the abscissa, x 'of the image point A'B、y”’BRepresents the abscissa and ordinate of the mirror point B' ", and w represents the cutting width.
The expression of the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process is
Figure BDA00030856992300001311
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003085699230000141
Figure BDA0003085699230000142
Figure BDA0003085699230000143
Figure BDA0003085699230000144
Figure BDA0003085699230000145
Figure BDA0003085699230000146
λtrepresenting the thermal conductivity of the workpiece, B1 toolRepresenting the heat distribution coefficient of the heat source of the frictional moving belt of the tool chip on the chamfered section to the tool side, B2 toolRepresenting the coefficient of heat distribution of the heat source to the tool side in the non-chamfered section by frictional movement of the tool chip.
That is, the cutting temperature at any position in the cutting process temperature field can be calculated one by one through the obtained temperature expression, and then the cutting temperature field is drawn, and the numerical value of the highest cutting temperature and the position where the highest temperature appears can be known, so that the maximum cutting temperature and the position where the highest temperature appears are used as reference for guiding the machining.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cutting temperature prediction system for a cutter with worn rear cutter surface, which comprises a friction coefficient angle acquisition module, a heat source heat flux acquisition module and a temperature rise prediction module;
the friction coefficient angle acquisition module is used for establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface;
the heat source heat flux acquisition module is used for acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring the heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and the temperature rise prediction module is used for acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the cutting chips and the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for predicting cutting temperature of a flank wear cutter, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the method for predicting cutting temperature of a flank wear cutter in any technical scheme is realized.
The embodiment of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear tool according to any one of the above technical solutions is realized.
The invention provides a method, a system and a device for predicting the cutting temperature of a cutter with wear of a rear cutter face and a computer readable storage medium, wherein a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of a slip line field model with wear of the rear cutter face is obtained by establishing the slip line field model with wear of the rear cutter face; acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion; according to the heat flux of the heat source, the temperature rise of a workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process are obtained, and the cutter cutting temperature prediction of the cutter with the worn rear cutter surface under any working condition can be realized. The technical scheme of the invention can help a processing worker to analyze the maximum cutting temperature value and the maximum temperature position of any worn cutter in advance to obtain the distribution condition of the whole temperature field; the processing personnel have overall control over the cutting process before formal cutting processing, and the production safety is ensured.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for predicting the cutting temperature of a tool with worn back tool face is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface, and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface;
acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of chips and the temperature rise of a cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
2. The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear tool according to claim 1, wherein obtaining a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear specifically comprises:
setting initial values of an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and a friction coefficient angle of a third deformation zone, and determining initial value increments of the included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone according to the predicted and measured force ratio and the variance of the chip thickness ratio;
and fitting to obtain a curve for setting an included angle between the bottom edge of the dead zone and the cutting direction and the initial value increment of the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone and the change of the wear length of the subsequent tool face, and obtaining the friction coefficient angle of the third deformation zone of the slip line field model with the wear of the rear tool face according to the curve.
3. The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear tool according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the shear velocity, the chip velocity, the dead zone bottom edge velocity and the flank wear velocity according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear specifically comprises: obtaining a shearing speed, a chip cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to a third deformation zone friction coefficient angle and speed calculation formula of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion,
VCD＝Vcucosφ+Vcusinφtanξ4
Figure FDA0003085699220000021
Figure FDA0003085699220000022
Figure FDA0003085699220000023
wherein, VCDFor shear rate, VchAs chip velocity, VACIs the dead zone bottom edge velocity, VAKAs cutting speed, VcuPhi is the shear angle, xi is the cutting speed1Is the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle, xi4Is the angle of friction coefficient, xi, of the second deformation zone1＝ξ4Alpha is the included angle between the back cutter face and the cutting direction, rho is the dip angle of the pre-shearing area, delta1Is the central angle of the first sector area.
4. The method of claim 3The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the cutter with the worn back cutter face is characterized by further comprising the steps of obtaining a pre-shearing area inclination angle through a pre-shearing area inclination angle formula, obtaining a shearing angle through a shearing angle formula, and obtaining a central angle of a first sector area through subtracting an included angle between a dead zone bottom edge and a cutting direction from the pre-shearing area inclination angle, wherein the pre-shearing area inclination angle formula is that
Figure FDA0003085699220000024
The shear angle formula is
Figure FDA0003085699220000025
5. The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear tool according to claim 4, wherein the obtaining of the heat flux of the heat source according to the shear velocity, the chip velocity, the dead zone bottom edge velocity, the flank wear velocity and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with flank wear comprises:
and acquiring the heat flux of a tool point heat source, the heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of a dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of a chip curling point heat source according to the shearing speed, the chip speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with the rear cutter face abrasion.
6. The method of predicting cutting temperature of a flank wear tool according to claim 5, wherein a heat flux of a nose point heat source, a heat flux of a chamfered vertex heat source, a heat flux of a dead vertex heat source, and a heat flux of a chip curl point heat source are obtained from the shear velocity, the chip velocity, the dead bottom edge velocity, the flank wear velocity, and a calculation formula of a coefficient of friction angle of a third deformation region with a slip line field model of flank wear and a heat flux, the calculation formula of the heat flux being
Q1＝k(Vcucosφ+Vcusinφtanξ4)
Figure FDA0003085699220000031
Figure FDA0003085699220000032
Figure FDA0003085699220000033
Wherein Q is1、Q2、Q3、Q4The heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source, the heat flux of the dead zone vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source are respectively shown, and k is the material flow shear stress.
7. The method for predicting the cutting temperature of the flank wear cutter according to claim 6, wherein the step of obtaining the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the chip and the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source; obtaining the temperature rise of the chips according to the heat flux of the heat source at the tool nose point and the heat flux of the heat source at the chip curling point; and obtaining the temperature rise of the tool according to the heat flux of the tool nose point heat source, the heat flux of the chamfered vertex heat source and the heat flux of the chip curling point heat source.
8. A cutting temperature prediction system for a cutter with worn rear cutter face is characterized by comprising a friction coefficient angle acquisition module, a heat source heat flux acquisition module and a temperature rise prediction module;
the friction coefficient angle acquisition module is used for establishing a sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface and acquiring a third deformation area friction coefficient angle of the sliding line field model with the worn rear cutter surface;
the heat source heat flux acquisition module is used for acquiring a shearing speed, a cutting speed, a dead zone bottom edge speed and a rear cutter face abrasion speed according to the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion, and acquiring the heat flux of a heat source according to the shearing speed, the cutting speed, the dead zone bottom edge speed, the rear cutter face abrasion speed and the third deformation zone friction coefficient angle of the slip line field model with rear cutter face abrasion;
and the temperature rise prediction module is used for acquiring the temperature rise of the workpiece, the temperature rise of the cutting chips and the temperature rise of the cutter in the cutting process according to the heat flux of the heat source.
9. A flank wear tool cutting temperature prediction device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the flank wear tool cutting temperature prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the flank wear tool cutting temperature prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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